A new nudging scheme is proposed for the operational prediction system of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC)of China,mainly aimed at improving El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and India...A new nudging scheme is proposed for the operational prediction system of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC)of China,mainly aimed at improving El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)predictions.Compared with the origin nudging scheme of NMEFC,the new scheme adds a nudge assimilation for wind components,and increases the nudging weight at the subsurface.Increasing the nudging weight at the subsurface directly improved the simulation performance of the ocean component,while assimilating low-level wind components not only affected the atmospheric component but also benefited the oceanic simulation.Hindcast experiments showed that the new scheme remarkably improved both ENSO and IOD prediction skills.The skillful prediction lead time of ENSO was up to 11 months,1 month longer than a hindcast using the original nudging scheme.Skillful prediction of IOD could be made 4–5 months ahead by the new scheme,with a 0.2 higher correlation at a 3-month lead time.These prediction skills approach the level of some of the best state-of-the-art coupled general circulation models.Improved ENSO and IOD predictions occurred across all seasons,but mainly for target months in the boreal spring for the ENSO and the boreal spring and summer for the IOD.展开更多
The authors regret that in 1.2.Instruments section of the article,when describing the principle of TiH300,the original content of“Briefly,ambient HONO was first absorbed by deionized water in a two-channel stripping ...The authors regret that in 1.2.Instruments section of the article,when describing the principle of TiH300,the original content of“Briefly,ambient HONO was first absorbed by deionized water in a two-channel stripping coil.The absorbed liquid nitrite was mixed with sulfanilamide,N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine dihydrochloride,and hydrogen chloride solution to form the azo dye derivative.”展开更多
Increasing concerns regarding aquatic ecological health and eutrophication driven by urbanization and human activities have highlighted the need to understand primary productivity(PP)dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. Th...Increasing concerns regarding aquatic ecological health and eutrophication driven by urbanization and human activities have highlighted the need to understand primary productivity(PP)dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. This study investigated the spatial distribution of PP across the Weihe River Basin, China using inverse distance weighting and analyzed the influence of different land uses and water physical-chemical parameters on PP using Mantel test and Spearman analysis. Significantly spatial heterogeneity in PP concentrations, ranging from 0.458 to 3262.807 mg C/(m^(2)·d), was observed with high-PP sites clustered in the middle-lower reaches dominated by farmland-construction land mosaics.Core drivers included light availability(Secchi depth and sunlight duration) and phytoplankton biomass(chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)), while water temperature exhibited threshold-dependent effects. Total organic carbon played dual roles, promoting PP concentrations in low-Chl-a regions, but suppressing it under high-Chl-a regions. Dual-scale buffer analysis(500 and 1000 m buffer zones) revealed PP heterogeneity stemed from interactive land use configurations, rather than isolated types. Balanced construction land-to-farmland ratio(0.467–2.890) elevated PP concentrations in human-dominated basins(the main stem of the Weihe River and Jinghe River), whereas excessive agricultural homogenization reduced PP likely due to fertilizer saturation and algal self-shading. Ecologically sensitive basins(the Beiluohe River Basin) demonstrated distinct patterns, in which PP concentration was regulated through natural-agricultural synergies. These results deepened the understanding of land use effects on aquatic PP,providing a theoretical basis for optimizing land use strategies to reconcile eutrophication control with ecological productivity in human-stressed basins.展开更多
In contrast to glaciological studies in Mexico,periglacial studies are very recent and limited to the analysis of the general permafrost cover in the high mountains of the country.Although some of the studies on the r...In contrast to glaciological studies in Mexico,periglacial studies are very recent and limited to the analysis of the general permafrost cover in the high mountains of the country.Although some of the studies on the reconstruction of Pleistocene glaciers in Mexico mention the existence of rock glaciers,to date no work has been done to study their physical properties or determining their state of conservation.Since rock glaciers are the most important visible indicators of mountain permafrost(along with features such as gelifluction lobes and patterned ground)and given that the“Nevado”rock glacier is the main example of its kind in Mexico,this study analyzes its internal temperature and assesses its state of conservation.The investigation was carried out by drilling and thermal monitoring of rock profiles as well as air.The results indicate that at present,the“Nevado”seems to lack permafrost inside.Although there is evidence of surface freezing during the winter months in the upper part of the rock glacier,in the lower portion it is almost unnoticed;and in both parts the internal temperature shows a tendency towards positive values as depth increases,a situation that predominates throughout the year.In addition,according to the records of the climatological station located in the lower part of the rock glacier,although the annual rainfall regime could be favorable for the formation and feeding of interstitial or segregated ice,the air temperature conditions throughout the year prevent permanent freezing.The sum of the above determines that at present the“Nevado”could be considered as an inactive and relict-type rock glacier;the presence of vegetation on the surface of the debris that make it up corroborates its inactivity.展开更多
Cobalt-based catalysts were regarded as highly effective for pollutant degradation through peroxymono-sulfate activation.Nevertheless,conventional synthesis methods for cobalt-based catalysts were associ-ated with iss...Cobalt-based catalysts were regarded as highly effective for pollutant degradation through peroxymono-sulfate activation.Nevertheless,conventional synthesis methods for cobalt-based catalysts were associ-ated with issues of cobalt ion leakage,which posed a risk of secondary environmental contamination.Addressing this issue,a novel cobalt-based catalyst,CoS nanoparticles,was biosynthesized by Shewanella algae and designated as SA@CoS.SA@CoS,a nanoflower coated with proteins/peptides,contained a sig-nificant number of sulfur vacancies.Compared to chemically synthesized CoS,SA@CoS exhibited lower cobalt ion release(0.13 mg/L)and higher catalytic activity.Based on this,SA@CoS was employed to de-grade Rhodamine B(RhB)and tetracycline(TC)by activating peroxymonosulfate.The results indicated that the degradation efficiencies of RhB and TC could reach 99.9%and 90.5%within 10 min,respec-tively.Further analyses revealed that both radical(·O_(2)^(-),·OH and SO_(4)^(·-))and non-radical(_(1)O_(2))pathways were involved in the degradation of RhB and TC,with the non-radical pathway dominating the degra-dation process.This work not only offered a facile approach for the biosynthesis of stable cobalt-based catalysts,but also underscored the immense potential of biogenic nano-catalysts in the realm of environ-mental remediation.展开更多
为实现海洋资源合理配置与环境保护协调发展,海洋功能区划将近岸海域划分成为不同功能区域,各功能区承受人类活动压力类型不同,科学评估不同功能区生态质量差异对于海洋空间资源可持续利用至关重要。于2020—2022年对鸭绿江口邻近海域...为实现海洋资源合理配置与环境保护协调发展,海洋功能区划将近岸海域划分成为不同功能区域,各功能区承受人类活动压力类型不同,科学评估不同功能区生态质量差异对于海洋空间资源可持续利用至关重要。于2020—2022年对鸭绿江口邻近海域的港口区、海洋保护区、捕捞区和航道区的底栖动物群落开展调查,并基于底栖动物的分类和功能性状构建了底栖完整性指数(Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity;B-IBI)评价指标。共采集大型底栖动物139种,其中环节动物63种、节肢动物39种、软体动物22种、棘皮动物6种、脊索动物3种,其他类群6种。不同海洋功能区的底栖动物的分类和功能性状呈现差异,港口区主要呈现耐污类群落特征,如更高比例的多毛类、二阶机会种、小型种、食沉积物者、管栖者等,然而海洋保护区、捕捞区和航道区主要呈现清洁类群落特征,如高比例的软体动物、中小型种、食浮游生物者、自由生活者以及游泳者等。基于底栖动物的分类和功能性状选择了41个候选指标,并通过分布范围、判别能力、冗余分析筛选出6个核心指标用于构建B-IBI评估体系。评估结果表明,鸭绿江口邻近海域的整体生态质量良好且呈现从港口区向其他海洋功能区升高的趋势,除港口区生态质量“较差”外,海洋保护区、捕捞区和航道区的生态质量均为“良好”,这表明港口区可能受到陆源污染、港口营运等人类活动的影响。相关性分析表明,B-IBI与NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,PO_(4)^(3-)-P、Hg等污染因子呈显著负相关,暗示其可以反映周边入海河流和养殖排污对鸭绿江口生态质量的影响,证明了B-IBI用于评估鸭绿江口不同海洋功能区生态质量的有效性,可以反映污染物对海洋生态系统结构和功能的影响,为海洋功能区划评估提供依据。展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41690124the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources under contract No.JG2007+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42006034,41690120 and 41530961the Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)under contract No.311021009.
文摘A new nudging scheme is proposed for the operational prediction system of the National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center(NMEFC)of China,mainly aimed at improving El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD)predictions.Compared with the origin nudging scheme of NMEFC,the new scheme adds a nudge assimilation for wind components,and increases the nudging weight at the subsurface.Increasing the nudging weight at the subsurface directly improved the simulation performance of the ocean component,while assimilating low-level wind components not only affected the atmospheric component but also benefited the oceanic simulation.Hindcast experiments showed that the new scheme remarkably improved both ENSO and IOD prediction skills.The skillful prediction lead time of ENSO was up to 11 months,1 month longer than a hindcast using the original nudging scheme.Skillful prediction of IOD could be made 4–5 months ahead by the new scheme,with a 0.2 higher correlation at a 3-month lead time.These prediction skills approach the level of some of the best state-of-the-art coupled general circulation models.Improved ENSO and IOD predictions occurred across all seasons,but mainly for target months in the boreal spring for the ENSO and the boreal spring and summer for the IOD.
文摘The authors regret that in 1.2.Instruments section of the article,when describing the principle of TiH300,the original content of“Briefly,ambient HONO was first absorbed by deionized water in a two-channel stripping coil.The absorbed liquid nitrite was mixed with sulfanilamide,N-(1-naphthyl)-ethylenediamine dihydrochloride,and hydrogen chloride solution to form the azo dye derivative.”
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42230513)Key Program of the Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning of Trace Pollutants (SHJKFJJ 202307)Research Project on Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development in the Yellow River Basin,China (2022-YRUC-01-0101)。
文摘Increasing concerns regarding aquatic ecological health and eutrophication driven by urbanization and human activities have highlighted the need to understand primary productivity(PP)dynamics in aquatic ecosystems. This study investigated the spatial distribution of PP across the Weihe River Basin, China using inverse distance weighting and analyzed the influence of different land uses and water physical-chemical parameters on PP using Mantel test and Spearman analysis. Significantly spatial heterogeneity in PP concentrations, ranging from 0.458 to 3262.807 mg C/(m^(2)·d), was observed with high-PP sites clustered in the middle-lower reaches dominated by farmland-construction land mosaics.Core drivers included light availability(Secchi depth and sunlight duration) and phytoplankton biomass(chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)), while water temperature exhibited threshold-dependent effects. Total organic carbon played dual roles, promoting PP concentrations in low-Chl-a regions, but suppressing it under high-Chl-a regions. Dual-scale buffer analysis(500 and 1000 m buffer zones) revealed PP heterogeneity stemed from interactive land use configurations, rather than isolated types. Balanced construction land-to-farmland ratio(0.467–2.890) elevated PP concentrations in human-dominated basins(the main stem of the Weihe River and Jinghe River), whereas excessive agricultural homogenization reduced PP likely due to fertilizer saturation and algal self-shading. Ecologically sensitive basins(the Beiluohe River Basin) demonstrated distinct patterns, in which PP concentration was regulated through natural-agricultural synergies. These results deepened the understanding of land use effects on aquatic PP,providing a theoretical basis for optimizing land use strategies to reconcile eutrophication control with ecological productivity in human-stressed basins.
文摘In contrast to glaciological studies in Mexico,periglacial studies are very recent and limited to the analysis of the general permafrost cover in the high mountains of the country.Although some of the studies on the reconstruction of Pleistocene glaciers in Mexico mention the existence of rock glaciers,to date no work has been done to study their physical properties or determining their state of conservation.Since rock glaciers are the most important visible indicators of mountain permafrost(along with features such as gelifluction lobes and patterned ground)and given that the“Nevado”rock glacier is the main example of its kind in Mexico,this study analyzes its internal temperature and assesses its state of conservation.The investigation was carried out by drilling and thermal monitoring of rock profiles as well as air.The results indicate that at present,the“Nevado”seems to lack permafrost inside.Although there is evidence of surface freezing during the winter months in the upper part of the rock glacier,in the lower portion it is almost unnoticed;and in both parts the internal temperature shows a tendency towards positive values as depth increases,a situation that predominates throughout the year.In addition,according to the records of the climatological station located in the lower part of the rock glacier,although the annual rainfall regime could be favorable for the formation and feeding of interstitial or segregated ice,the air temperature conditions throughout the year prevent permanent freezing.The sum of the above determines that at present the“Nevado”could be considered as an inactive and relict-type rock glacier;the presence of vegetation on the surface of the debris that make it up corroborates its inactivity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42376204)the Shandong Provin-cial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2022MD023)+3 种基金the Interna-tional Partnership Program by Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.058GJHZ2023058FN)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Pro-gram by CAST(No.YESS20210201)the Key R&D Program of Shan-dong Province,China(Nos.2022CXPT027 and 2023CXPT008)Guangxi Science and Technology Program(Guike AA23026007).
文摘Cobalt-based catalysts were regarded as highly effective for pollutant degradation through peroxymono-sulfate activation.Nevertheless,conventional synthesis methods for cobalt-based catalysts were associ-ated with issues of cobalt ion leakage,which posed a risk of secondary environmental contamination.Addressing this issue,a novel cobalt-based catalyst,CoS nanoparticles,was biosynthesized by Shewanella algae and designated as SA@CoS.SA@CoS,a nanoflower coated with proteins/peptides,contained a sig-nificant number of sulfur vacancies.Compared to chemically synthesized CoS,SA@CoS exhibited lower cobalt ion release(0.13 mg/L)and higher catalytic activity.Based on this,SA@CoS was employed to de-grade Rhodamine B(RhB)and tetracycline(TC)by activating peroxymonosulfate.The results indicated that the degradation efficiencies of RhB and TC could reach 99.9%and 90.5%within 10 min,respec-tively.Further analyses revealed that both radical(·O_(2)^(-),·OH and SO_(4)^(·-))and non-radical(_(1)O_(2))pathways were involved in the degradation of RhB and TC,with the non-radical pathway dominating the degra-dation process.This work not only offered a facile approach for the biosynthesis of stable cobalt-based catalysts,but also underscored the immense potential of biogenic nano-catalysts in the realm of environ-mental remediation.
文摘为实现海洋资源合理配置与环境保护协调发展,海洋功能区划将近岸海域划分成为不同功能区域,各功能区承受人类活动压力类型不同,科学评估不同功能区生态质量差异对于海洋空间资源可持续利用至关重要。于2020—2022年对鸭绿江口邻近海域的港口区、海洋保护区、捕捞区和航道区的底栖动物群落开展调查,并基于底栖动物的分类和功能性状构建了底栖完整性指数(Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity;B-IBI)评价指标。共采集大型底栖动物139种,其中环节动物63种、节肢动物39种、软体动物22种、棘皮动物6种、脊索动物3种,其他类群6种。不同海洋功能区的底栖动物的分类和功能性状呈现差异,港口区主要呈现耐污类群落特征,如更高比例的多毛类、二阶机会种、小型种、食沉积物者、管栖者等,然而海洋保护区、捕捞区和航道区主要呈现清洁类群落特征,如高比例的软体动物、中小型种、食浮游生物者、自由生活者以及游泳者等。基于底栖动物的分类和功能性状选择了41个候选指标,并通过分布范围、判别能力、冗余分析筛选出6个核心指标用于构建B-IBI评估体系。评估结果表明,鸭绿江口邻近海域的整体生态质量良好且呈现从港口区向其他海洋功能区升高的趋势,除港口区生态质量“较差”外,海洋保护区、捕捞区和航道区的生态质量均为“良好”,这表明港口区可能受到陆源污染、港口营运等人类活动的影响。相关性分析表明,B-IBI与NO_(3)^(-)-N,NH_(4)^(+)-N,PO_(4)^(3-)-P、Hg等污染因子呈显著负相关,暗示其可以反映周边入海河流和养殖排污对鸭绿江口生态质量的影响,证明了B-IBI用于评估鸭绿江口不同海洋功能区生态质量的有效性,可以反映污染物对海洋生态系统结构和功能的影响,为海洋功能区划评估提供依据。
