Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(SICs)offer inherent energy-power synergy but are constrained by mismatched kinetics and life spans between the anode and cathode materials.Two-dimensional MoS_(2)@C composites demonstrate ...Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(SICs)offer inherent energy-power synergy but are constrained by mismatched kinetics and life spans between the anode and cathode materials.Two-dimensional MoS_(2)@C composites demonstrate excellent kinetics and structural stability,thanks to the built-in electric field of the carbon heterostructure and its adaptability to volume changes.Yet,the carbon shell imposes a physical barrier to interfacial Na^(+)diffusion,while deep discharge induces the formation of crystalline Na_(2)S,accompanied by severe volumetric expansion and sluggish reversibility—factors that accelerate capacity fading and structural degradation.To address these challenges,a trace-level Ni doping strategy is introduced,enabling precise modulation of the composite's interlayer structure,electronic configuration,and reaction pathway.Ni incorporation expands the MoS_(2) interlayer spacing,reconstructs short-range ordered nanocrystals within a hierarchically porous network,and promotes Na^(+)diffusion by weakening interlayer van der Waals forces.Orbital hybridization between Ni-3d and Mo-4d/S-3p states enhances electronic conductivity and reduces charge transfer resistance.Critically,Ni doping enhances electron transfer from Ni to sulfur,which weakens Na–S bonds and promotes the formation of amorphous Na_(2)S,thereby suppressing crystalline Na_(2)S and enabling a reversible MoS_(2)/Na_(2)S conversion mechanism for improved structural stability and cycling performance.As a result,the optimized MoS_(2)-Ni@C anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 334 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1)with 68%retention after 10,000 cycles.When assembled into a SIC device(MoS_(2)-Ni@C//AC),it achieves an energy density of 135 Wh kg^(-1)at a power density of 60.8 kW kg^(-1)(based on anode mass),with 76%retention over 3,000 cycles.展开更多
Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic efficiency.The introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the e...Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic efficiency.The introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the electronic structure of active sites.This optimization influences the adsorption energy of intermediates,thereby mitigating reaction energy barriers,altering paths,enhancing selectivity,and ultimately improving the catalytic efficiency of electrocatalysts.To elucidate the impact of defects on the electrocatalytic process,we comprehensively outline the roles of various point defects,their synthetic methodologies,and characterization techniques.Importantly,we consolidate insights into the relationship between point defects and catalytic activity for hydrogen/oxygen evolution and CO_(2)/O_(2)/N_(2) reduction reactions by integrating mechanisms from diverse reactions.This underscores the pivotal role of point defects in enhancing catalytic performance.At last,the principal challenges and prospects associated with point defects in current electrocatalysts are proposed,emphasizing their role in advancing the efficiency of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials.展开更多
Improving the volumetric energy density of supercapacitors is essential for practical applications,which highly relies on the dense storage of ions in carbon-based electrodes.The functional units of carbon-based elect...Improving the volumetric energy density of supercapacitors is essential for practical applications,which highly relies on the dense storage of ions in carbon-based electrodes.The functional units of carbon-based electrode exhibit multi-scale structural characteristics including macroscopic electrode morphologies,mesoscopic microcrystals and pores,and microscopic defects and dopants in the carbon basal plane.Therefore,the ordered combination of multi-scale structures of carbon electrode is crucial for achieving dense energy storage and high volumetric performance by leveraging the functions of various scale structu re.Considering that previous reviews have focused more on the discussion of specific scale structu re of carbon electrodes,this review takes a multi-scale perspective in which recent progresses regarding the structureperformance relationship,underlying mechanism and directional design of carbon-based multi-scale structures including carbon morphology,pore structure,carbon basal plane micro-environment and electrode technology on dense energy storage and volumetric property of supercapacitors are systematically discussed.We analyzed in detail the effects of the morphology,pore,and micro-environment of carbon electrode materials on ion dense storage,summarized the specific effects of different scale structures on volumetric property and recent research progress,and proposed the mutual influence and trade-off relationship between various scale structures.In addition,the challenges and outlooks for improving the dense storage and volumetric performance of carbon-based supercapacitors are analyzed,which can provide feasible technical reference and guidance for the design and manufacture of dense carbon-based electrode materials.展开更多
Visible lighting and energy-saving are dual needs of energy efficiency and occupant comfort in modern buildings.In this study,a smart window based on phase-change material VO_(2) is designed and optimized to address t...Visible lighting and energy-saving are dual needs of energy efficiency and occupant comfort in modern buildings.In this study,a smart window based on phase-change material VO_(2) is designed and optimized to address the critical challenges in building energy management.The proposed phase-adaptive radiative(PAR)coating is a multilayer nanostructure consisting of TiO/VO_(2)2/TiO/Ag_(2) and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS).For different VO_(2) phases,visible transmittance T_(vis)>0.6 and emissivity difference in the atmospheric window Δε_(AW)=0.422 can be achieved,which means the PAR window can transfer interior heat to the outside through thermal radiation for cooling or minimize thermal emission for insulation,while ensuring the transmission of visible light for natural daylighting.Compared to normal glass,the PAR window has an average temperature drop of 14.8℃.The year-round energy-saving calculation for four different cities in China indicates that the PAR window can save 22%-32% of the annual cooling and heating energy consumption by seamlessly transitioning between two phases of VO_(2)modes.The multi-objective optimization of the phase-adaptive radiative smart window provides a potential strategy for energy saving.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered considerable attention as promising post-lithium energy storage technologies owing to their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and competitive gravimetric energy density...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered considerable attention as promising post-lithium energy storage technologies owing to their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and competitive gravimetric energy density.However,their practical commercialization is hindered by critical challenges on the anode side,including dendrite growth and parasitic reactions at the anode/electrolyte interface.Recent studies highlight that rational electrolyte structure engineering offers an effective route to mitigate these issues and strengthen the electrochemical performance of the zinc metal anode.In this review,we systematically summarize state-of-the-art strategies for electrolyte optimization,with a particular focus on the zinc salts regulation,electrolyte additives,and the construction of novel electrolytes,while elucidating the underlying design principles.We further discuss the key structure–property relationships governing electrolyte behavior to provide guidance for the development of next-generation electrolytes.Finally,future perspectives on advanced electrolyte design are proposed.This review aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers exploring high-performance electrolyte engineering in AZIBs.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,but widespread applications are restricted by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).The rational design of separators has been d...Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,but widespread applications are restricted by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).The rational design of separators has been demonstrated to be one of the most efficient and cost-effective strategies to curb the shuttle effect,and tremendous research progress has been achieved.The efficiency of a separator depends on its interaction with LiPSs,which is governed by the surface energy and binding strength.Despite several review works that have been reported to advance the separators,most of them primarily focus on active material innovation and construction.The most crucial issues of surface binding energy have not been systematically reviewed,limiting the precise design of efficient separators.In this review,fundamentals related to surface energy and binding interactions with LiPSs are comprehensively analyzed and discussed.With surface binding and energy main lines,the advancements in separator engineering strategies are elaborately summarized and discussed.Moreover,techniques for evaluating affinity to LiPSs are thoroughly analyzed to avoid any ambiguities in measurement.Based on the research context,valuable research directions are suggested to construct efficient separators.This work provides guidelines to regulate the surface binding and energy of separators for high-performance LSBs.展开更多
Achieving high-energy density remains a key objective for advanced energy storage systems.However,challenges,such as poor cathode conductivity,anode dendrite formation,polysulfide shuttling,and electrolyte degradation...Achieving high-energy density remains a key objective for advanced energy storage systems.However,challenges,such as poor cathode conductivity,anode dendrite formation,polysulfide shuttling,and electrolyte degradation,continue to limit performance and stability.Molecular and ionic dipole interactions have emerged as an effective strategy to address these issues by regulating ionic transport,modulating solvation structures,optimizing interfacial chemistry,and enhancing charge transfer kinetics.These interactions also stabilize electrode interfaces,suppress side reactions,and mitigate anode corrosion,collectively improving the durability of high-energy batteries.A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is essential to guide the design of next-generation battery materials.Herein,this review summarizes the development,classification,and advantages of dipole interactions in high-energy batteries.The roles of dipoles,including facilitating ion transport,controlling solvation dynamics,stabilizing the electric double layer,optimizing solid electrolyte interphase and cathode–electrolyte interface layers,and inhibiting parasitic reactions—are comprehensively discussed.Finally,perspectives on future research directions are proposed to advance dipole-enabled strategies for high-performance energy storage.This review aims to provide insights into the rational design of dipole-interactive systems and promote the progress of electrochemical energy storage technologies.展开更多
It is regretful that the Acknowledgments part was lost in the final process of publication.The Acknowledgments part should be added as follow.The work described in this paper was supported by the grants from the Resea...It is regretful that the Acknowledgments part was lost in the final process of publication.The Acknowledgments part should be added as follow.The work described in this paper was supported by the grants from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Project No.16205721).展开更多
Photovoltaic(PV)power forecasting is essential for balancing energy supply and demand in renewable energy systems.However,the performance of PV panels varies across different technologies due to differences in efficie...Photovoltaic(PV)power forecasting is essential for balancing energy supply and demand in renewable energy systems.However,the performance of PV panels varies across different technologies due to differences in efficiency and how they process solar radiation.This study evaluates the effectiveness of deep learning models in predicting PV power generation for three panel technologies:Hybrid-Si,Mono-Si,and Poly-Si,across three forecasting horizons:1-step,12-step,and 24-step.Among the tested models,the Convolutional Neural Network—Long Short-Term Memory(CNN-LSTM)architecture exhibited superior performance,particularly for the 24-step horizon,achieving R^(2)=0.9793 and MAE 0.0162 for the Poly-Si array,followed by Mono-Si(R^(2)=0.9768)and Hybrid-Si arrays(R^(2)=0.9769).These findings demonstrate that the CNN-LSTM model can provide accurate and reliable PV power predictions for all studied technologies.By identifying the most suitable predictive model for each panel technology,this study contributes to optimizing PV power forecasting and improving energy management strategies.展开更多
This paper presents a new type of triangular Sharp Eagle wave energy converter(WEC)platform.On the basis of the linear potential flow theory and the finite element analysis method,the hydrodynamic performance and stru...This paper presents a new type of triangular Sharp Eagle wave energy converter(WEC)platform.On the basis of the linear potential flow theory and the finite element analysis method,the hydrodynamic performance and structural response of the platform are studied,considering the actual platform motion and free surface rise under extreme sea states.First,the effects of the wave frequency and direction on the wave-induced loads and dynamic responses were examined.The motion at a wave direction angle of 0°is relatively low.On this basis,the angle constrained by the two sides of the Sharp Eagle floaters should be aligned with the main wave direction to avoid significant platform motion under extreme sea states.Additionally,the structural response of the platform,including the wave-absorbing floaters,is investigated.The results highlighted that the conditions or locations where yielding,buckling,and fatigue failures occur were different.In this context,the connection area of the Sharp Eagle floaters and platform is prone to yielding failure under oblique wave action,whereas the pontoon and side of the Sharp Eagle floaters are prone to buckling failure during significant vertical motion.Additionally,fatigue damage is most likely to occur at the connection between the middle column on both sides of the Sharp Eagle floaters and the pontoons.The findings of this paper revealed an intrinsic connection between wave-induced loads and the dynamic and structural responses of the platform,which provides a useful reference for the improved design of WECs.展开更多
To reveal the rock burst mechanism,the stress and failure characteristics of coal-rock strata under different advancing speeds of mining working face were explored by theoretical analysis,simulation,and engineering mo...To reveal the rock burst mechanism,the stress and failure characteristics of coal-rock strata under different advancing speeds of mining working face were explored by theoretical analysis,simulation,and engineering monitoring.The relationship between energy accumulation and release was analyzed,and a reasonable mining speed according to specific projects was recommended.The theoretical analysis shows that as the mining speed increases from 4 to 15 m/d,the rheological coefficient of coal mass ranges from 0.9 to 0.4,and the elastic energy of coal mass accumulation varies from 100 to 900 kJ.Based on the simulation,there is a critical advancing speed,the iteration numbers of simulation are less than 15,000 per mining 10 m coal seam,the overburden structure is obvious,the abutment pressure in coal mass is large,and the accumulated energy is large,which is easy to cause strong rock burst.When the iteration number is greater than 15,000,the static force of coal mass increases slightly,but there is no obvious rock burst.Based on engineering monitoring,the mining speed of a mine is less than 8 m/d,and the periodic weighting distance is about 17 m;as the mining speed is greater than 10 m/d,and the periodic weighting distance is greater than 20 m;as the mining speed is 3-8 m/d,and the range of high stress in surrounding rock is 48 m;as the advancing speed is 8-12 m/d,and the high-stress range in surrounding rock is 80 m.Moreover,as the mining speed is less than 8 cut cycles,the micro seismic energy is less than 10,000 J;as the mining speed is 12 cut cycles,the microseismic energy is about 20,000 J.In summary,the advancing speed is positively correlated with the micro seismic event;as the mining speed increases,the accumulated elastic energy of surrounding rock is greater,which is easy to cause rock burst.The comprehensive analysis indicates the daily advance speed of the mine is not more than 12 cut cycles.展开更多
The development of dual functional material for cyclic CO_(2)capture and hydrogenation is of great significance for converting diluted CO_(2)into valuable fuels,but suffers from kinetic limitation and deactivation of ...The development of dual functional material for cyclic CO_(2)capture and hydrogenation is of great significance for converting diluted CO_(2)into valuable fuels,but suffers from kinetic limitation and deactivation of adsorbent and catalyst.Herein,we engineered a series of RuNa/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)materials,varying the size of ruthenium from single atoms to clusters/nanoparticles.The coordination environment and structure sensitivity of ruthenium were quantitatively investigated at atomic scale.Our findings reveal that the reduced Ru nanoparticles,approximately 7.1 nm in diameter with a Ru-Ru coordination number of 5.9,exhibit high methane formation activity and selectivity at 340°C.The Ru-Na interfacial sites facilitate CO_(2)migration through a deoxygenation pathway,involving carbonate dissociation,carbonyl formation,and hydrogenation.In-situ experiments and theoretical calculations show that stable carbonyl intermediates on metallic Ru nanoparticles facilitate heterolytic C–O scission and C–H bonding,significantly lowering the energy barrier for activating stored CO_(2).展开更多
The nanofluid-based direct absorption solar collector(NDASC)ensures that solar radiation passing through the tube wall is directly absorbed by the nanofluid,reducing thermal resistance in the energy transfer process.H...The nanofluid-based direct absorption solar collector(NDASC)ensures that solar radiation passing through the tube wall is directly absorbed by the nanofluid,reducing thermal resistance in the energy transfer process.However,further exploration is required to suppress the outward thermal losses from the nanofluid at high temperatures.Herein,this paper proposes a novel NDASC in which the outer surface of the collector tube is covered with functional coatings and a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model is established to study the energy flow distributions on the collector within the temperature range of 400-600 K.When the nanofluid’s absorption coefficient reaches 80 m^(-1),the NDASC shows the optimal thermal performance,and the NDASC with local Sn-In_(2)O_(3) coating achieves a 7.8% improvement in thermal efficiency at 400 K compared to the original NDASC.Furthermore,hybrid coatings with Sn In_(2)O_(3)/WTi-Al_(2)O_(3) are explored,and the optimal coverage angles are determined.The NDASC with such coatings shows a 10.22%-17.9% increase in thermal efficiency compared to the original NDASC and a 7.6%-19.5% increase compared to the traditional surface-type solar collectors,demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed energy flow control strategy for DASCs.展开更多
Amidst the global push for decarbonization,solar-powered Organic Rankine Cycle(SORC)systems are gaining significant attention.The small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)systems have enhanced environmental adaptability,...Amidst the global push for decarbonization,solar-powered Organic Rankine Cycle(SORC)systems are gaining significant attention.The small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)systems have enhanced environmental adaptability,improved system flexibility,and achieved diversification of application scenarios.However,the power consumption ratio of the working fluid pump becomes significantly larger relative to the total power output of the system,adversely impacting overall system efficiency.This study introduces an innovative approach by incorporating a vapor-liquid ejector into the ORC system to reduce the pump work consumption within the ORC.The thermoeconomic models for both the traditional ORC and an ORC integrated with a vapor-liquid ejector driven by solar parabolic trough collectors(PTCs)were developed.Key evaluation indicators,such as thermal efficiency,exergy efficiency,specific investment cost,and levelized cost of energy,were employed to compare the SORC with the solar ejector organic Rankine cycle(SEORC).Additionally,the study explores the effects of solar beam radiation intensity,PTC temperature variation,evaporator pinch point temperature difference,and condenser pinch point temperature difference on the thermo-economic performance of both systems.Results demonstrate that SEORC consistently outperforms SORC.Higher solar radiation intensity and increased PTC inlet temperature lead to better system efficiency.Moreover,there is an optimal PTC temperature drop where both thermal and exergy efficiencies are maximized.The influence of evaporator and condenser temperature pinches on system performance is found to be inconsistent.展开更多
The replacement of non-aqueous organic electrolytes with solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)in solid-state lithium metal batteries(SLMBs)is considered a promising strategy to address the constraints of lithium-ion batterie...The replacement of non-aqueous organic electrolytes with solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)in solid-state lithium metal batteries(SLMBs)is considered a promising strategy to address the constraints of lithium-ion batteries,especially in terms of energy density and reliability.Nevertheless,few SLMBs can deliver the required cycling performance and long-term stability for practical use,primarily due to suboptimal interface properties.Given the diverse solidification pathways leading to different interface characteristics,it is crucial to pinpoint the source of interface deterioration and develop appropriate remedies.This review focuses on Li|SSE interface issues between lithium metal anode and SSE,discussing recent advancements in the understanding of(electro)chemistry,the impact of defects,and interface evolutions that vary among different SSE species.The state-ofthe-art strategies concerning modified SEI,artificial interlayer,surface architecture,and composite structure are summarized and delved into the internal relationships between interface characteristics and performance enhancements.The current challenges and opportunities in characterizing and modifying the Li|SSE interface are suggested as potential directions for achieving practical SLMBs.展开更多
Developing fast-charging lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)that feature high energy density is critical for the scalable application of electric vehicles.Iron vanadate(FVO)holds great potential as anode material in fast-char...Developing fast-charging lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)that feature high energy density is critical for the scalable application of electric vehicles.Iron vanadate(FVO)holds great potential as anode material in fast-charging LIBs because of its high theoretical specific capacity and the high natural abundance of its constituents.However,the capacity of FVO rapidly decays due to its low electrical conductivity.Herein,uniform FVO nanoparticles are grown in situ on ordered mesoporous carbon(CMK-3)support,forming a highly electrically conductive porous network,FVO/CMK-3.The structure of CMK-3 helps prevent agglomeration of FVO particles.The electrically conductive nature of CMK-3 can further enhance the electrical conductivity of FVO/CMK-3 and buffer the volume expansion of FVO particles during cycling processes.As a result,the FVO/CMK-3 displays excellent fast-charging performance of 364.6 mAh·g^(-1)capacity for 2500 cycles at 10 A·g^(-1)(with an ultralow average capacity loss per cycle of 0.003%)through a pseudocapacitive-dominant process.Moreover,the LiCoO_(2)//FVO/CMK-3 full cell achieves a high capacity of 100.2 mAh·g^(-1)and a high capacity retention(96.2%)after 200 cycles.The superior electrochemical performance demonstrates that FVO/CMK-3 is an ideal anode material candidate for fast-charging,stable LIBs with high energy density.展开更多
Rechargeable magnesium batteries are promising alternatives to traditional lithium batteries because of the high abundance of Mg compounds in earth crust,their low toxicity,and possible favorable properties as electro...Rechargeable magnesium batteries are promising alternatives to traditional lithium batteries because of the high abundance of Mg compounds in earth crust,their low toxicity,and possible favorable properties as electrodes'material.However,Mg metal anodes face several challenges,notably the natively existence of an inactive oxide layer on their surfaces,which reduces their effectiveness.Additionally,interactions of Mg electrodes with electrolyte solutions'components can lead to the formation of insulating surface layers,that can fully block them for ions transport.This review addresses these issues by focusing on surface treatments strategies to enhance electrochemical performance of Mg anodes.It highlights chemical and physical modification techniques to prevent oxidation and inactive-layers formation,as well as their practical implications for MIBs.We also examined the impact of Mg anodes'surface engineering on their electrochemical reversibility and cycling efficiency.Finally,future research directions to improve the performance and commercial viability of magnesium anodes and advance development of high-capacity,safe,and cost-effective energy storage systems based on magnesium electrochemistry are discussed.展开更多
Aluminum(Al)exhibits excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical ductility,and good chemical compatibility with high-ionic-conductivity electrolytes.This makes it more suitable as an anode material for all-solid-stat...Aluminum(Al)exhibits excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical ductility,and good chemical compatibility with high-ionic-conductivity electrolytes.This makes it more suitable as an anode material for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)compared to the overly reactive metallic lithium anode and the mechanically weak silicon anode.This study finds that the pre-lithiated Al anode demonstrates outstanding interfacial stability with the Li_6PS_5Cl(LPSCl)electrolyte,maintaining stable cycling for over 1200 h under conditions of deep charge-discharge.This paper combines the pre-lithiated Al anode with a high-nickel cathode,LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2),paired with the highly ionic conductive LPSCl electrolyte,to design an ASSLB with high energy density and stability.Using anode pre-lithiation techniques,along with dual-reinforcement technology between the electrolyte and the cathode active material,the ASSLB achieves stable cycling for 1000 cycles at a 0.2C rate,with a capacity retention rate of up to 82.2%.At a critical negative-to-positive ratio of 1.1,the battery's specific energy reaches up to 375 Wh kg^(-1),and it maintains over 85.9%of its capacity after 100 charge-discharge cycles.This work provides a new approach and an excellent solution for developing low-cost,high-stability all-solid-state batteries.展开更多
By combining the merits of radiative cooling(RC)and evaporation cooling(EC),radiative coupled evaporative cooling(REC)has attracted considerable attention for sub-ambient cooling purposes.However,for outdoor devices,t...By combining the merits of radiative cooling(RC)and evaporation cooling(EC),radiative coupled evaporative cooling(REC)has attracted considerable attention for sub-ambient cooling purposes.However,for outdoor devices,the interior heating power would increase the working temperature and fire risk,which would suppress their above-ambient heat dissipation capabilities and passive water cycle properties.In this work,we introduced a REC design based on an all-in-one photonic hydrogel for above-ambient heat dissipation and flame retardancy.Unlike conventional design RC film for heat dissipation with limited cooling power and fire risk,REC hydrogel can greatly improve the heat dissipation performance in the daytime with a high workload,indicating a 12.0℃lower temperature than the RC film under the same conditions in the outdoor experiment.In the nighttime with a low workload,RC-assisted adsorption can improve atmospheric water harvesting to ensure EC in the daytime.In addition,our REC hydrogel significantly enhanced flame retardancy by absorbing heat without a corresponding temperature rise,thus mitigating fire risks.Thus,our design shows a promising solution for the thermal management of outdoor devices,delivering outstanding performance in both heat dissipation and flame retardancy.展开更多
In this study,a Gaussian Process Regression(GPR)surrogate model coupled with a Bayesian optimization algorithm was employed for the single-objective design optimization of fan-shaped film cooling holes on a concave wa...In this study,a Gaussian Process Regression(GPR)surrogate model coupled with a Bayesian optimization algorithm was employed for the single-objective design optimization of fan-shaped film cooling holes on a concave wall.Fan-shaped holes,commonly used in gas turbines and aerospace applications,flare toward the exit to form a protective cooling film over hot surfaces,enhancing thermal protection compared to cylindrical holes.An initial hole configuration was used to improve adiabatic cooling efficiency.Design variables included the hole injection angle,forward expansion angle,lateral expansion angle,and aperture ratio,while the objective function was the average adiabatic cooling efficiency of the concave wall surface.Optimization was performed at two representative blowing ratios,M=1.0 and M=1.5,using the GPR-based surrogate model to accelerate exploration,with the Bayesian algorithm identifying optimal configurations.Results indicate that the optimized fan-shaped holes increased cooling efficiency by 15.2%and 12.3%at low and high blowing ratios,respectively.Analysis of flow and thermal fields further revealed how the optimized geometry influenced coolant distribution and heat transfer,providing insight into the mechanisms driving the improved cooling performance.展开更多
基金supported by the Carbon Emission Peak and Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(BE2022031-4)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program)(52131306,52122209,52403001)+1 种基金the Project on National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB2400400)the Cultivation Program for The Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of Nanjing Tech University。
文摘Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(SICs)offer inherent energy-power synergy but are constrained by mismatched kinetics and life spans between the anode and cathode materials.Two-dimensional MoS_(2)@C composites demonstrate excellent kinetics and structural stability,thanks to the built-in electric field of the carbon heterostructure and its adaptability to volume changes.Yet,the carbon shell imposes a physical barrier to interfacial Na^(+)diffusion,while deep discharge induces the formation of crystalline Na_(2)S,accompanied by severe volumetric expansion and sluggish reversibility—factors that accelerate capacity fading and structural degradation.To address these challenges,a trace-level Ni doping strategy is introduced,enabling precise modulation of the composite's interlayer structure,electronic configuration,and reaction pathway.Ni incorporation expands the MoS_(2) interlayer spacing,reconstructs short-range ordered nanocrystals within a hierarchically porous network,and promotes Na^(+)diffusion by weakening interlayer van der Waals forces.Orbital hybridization between Ni-3d and Mo-4d/S-3p states enhances electronic conductivity and reduces charge transfer resistance.Critically,Ni doping enhances electron transfer from Ni to sulfur,which weakens Na–S bonds and promotes the formation of amorphous Na_(2)S,thereby suppressing crystalline Na_(2)S and enabling a reversible MoS_(2)/Na_(2)S conversion mechanism for improved structural stability and cycling performance.As a result,the optimized MoS_(2)-Ni@C anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 334 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1)with 68%retention after 10,000 cycles.When assembled into a SIC device(MoS_(2)-Ni@C//AC),it achieves an energy density of 135 Wh kg^(-1)at a power density of 60.8 kW kg^(-1)(based on anode mass),with 76%retention over 3,000 cycles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20281)the Special Fund for Young Teachers from Zhengzhou University(JC23557030,JC23257011)+1 种基金the Key Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions of Henan Province(24A530009)the Project of Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory(GJJSGFYQ202336).
文摘Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic efficiency.The introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the electronic structure of active sites.This optimization influences the adsorption energy of intermediates,thereby mitigating reaction energy barriers,altering paths,enhancing selectivity,and ultimately improving the catalytic efficiency of electrocatalysts.To elucidate the impact of defects on the electrocatalytic process,we comprehensively outline the roles of various point defects,their synthetic methodologies,and characterization techniques.Importantly,we consolidate insights into the relationship between point defects and catalytic activity for hydrogen/oxygen evolution and CO_(2)/O_(2)/N_(2) reduction reactions by integrating mechanisms from diverse reactions.This underscores the pivotal role of point defects in enhancing catalytic performance.At last,the principal challenges and prospects associated with point defects in current electrocatalysts are proposed,emphasizing their role in advancing the efficiency of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials.
基金funded by the Joint Fund for Regional Innovation and Development of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20143)the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(52322607)the Excellent Youth Foundation of Heilongjiang Scientific Committee(YQ2022E028)。
文摘Improving the volumetric energy density of supercapacitors is essential for practical applications,which highly relies on the dense storage of ions in carbon-based electrodes.The functional units of carbon-based electrode exhibit multi-scale structural characteristics including macroscopic electrode morphologies,mesoscopic microcrystals and pores,and microscopic defects and dopants in the carbon basal plane.Therefore,the ordered combination of multi-scale structures of carbon electrode is crucial for achieving dense energy storage and high volumetric performance by leveraging the functions of various scale structu re.Considering that previous reviews have focused more on the discussion of specific scale structu re of carbon electrodes,this review takes a multi-scale perspective in which recent progresses regarding the structureperformance relationship,underlying mechanism and directional design of carbon-based multi-scale structures including carbon morphology,pore structure,carbon basal plane micro-environment and electrode technology on dense energy storage and volumetric property of supercapacitors are systematically discussed.We analyzed in detail the effects of the morphology,pore,and micro-environment of carbon electrode materials on ion dense storage,summarized the specific effects of different scale structures on volumetric property and recent research progress,and proposed the mutual influence and trade-off relationship between various scale structures.In addition,the challenges and outlooks for improving the dense storage and volumetric performance of carbon-based supercapacitors are analyzed,which can provide feasible technical reference and guidance for the design and manufacture of dense carbon-based electrode materials.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities (Grant No.2024-KYYWF-0141)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52406076,52227813)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2022YFE0133900)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2023M740905)。
文摘Visible lighting and energy-saving are dual needs of energy efficiency and occupant comfort in modern buildings.In this study,a smart window based on phase-change material VO_(2) is designed and optimized to address the critical challenges in building energy management.The proposed phase-adaptive radiative(PAR)coating is a multilayer nanostructure consisting of TiO/VO_(2)2/TiO/Ag_(2) and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS).For different VO_(2) phases,visible transmittance T_(vis)>0.6 and emissivity difference in the atmospheric window Δε_(AW)=0.422 can be achieved,which means the PAR window can transfer interior heat to the outside through thermal radiation for cooling or minimize thermal emission for insulation,while ensuring the transmission of visible light for natural daylighting.Compared to normal glass,the PAR window has an average temperature drop of 14.8℃.The year-round energy-saving calculation for four different cities in China indicates that the PAR window can save 22%-32% of the annual cooling and heating energy consumption by seamlessly transitioning between two phases of VO_(2)modes.The multi-objective optimization of the phase-adaptive radiative smart window provides a potential strategy for energy saving.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52125202,52202100,and U24A2065)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20243016)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024T171166).
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered considerable attention as promising post-lithium energy storage technologies owing to their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and competitive gravimetric energy density.However,their practical commercialization is hindered by critical challenges on the anode side,including dendrite growth and parasitic reactions at the anode/electrolyte interface.Recent studies highlight that rational electrolyte structure engineering offers an effective route to mitigate these issues and strengthen the electrochemical performance of the zinc metal anode.In this review,we systematically summarize state-of-the-art strategies for electrolyte optimization,with a particular focus on the zinc salts regulation,electrolyte additives,and the construction of novel electrolytes,while elucidating the underlying design principles.We further discuss the key structure–property relationships governing electrolyte behavior to provide guidance for the development of next-generation electrolytes.Finally,future perspectives on advanced electrolyte design are proposed.This review aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers exploring high-performance electrolyte engineering in AZIBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52172228)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2024J01475 and 2023J05127)
文摘Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,but widespread applications are restricted by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).The rational design of separators has been demonstrated to be one of the most efficient and cost-effective strategies to curb the shuttle effect,and tremendous research progress has been achieved.The efficiency of a separator depends on its interaction with LiPSs,which is governed by the surface energy and binding strength.Despite several review works that have been reported to advance the separators,most of them primarily focus on active material innovation and construction.The most crucial issues of surface binding energy have not been systematically reviewed,limiting the precise design of efficient separators.In this review,fundamentals related to surface energy and binding interactions with LiPSs are comprehensively analyzed and discussed.With surface binding and energy main lines,the advancements in separator engineering strategies are elaborately summarized and discussed.Moreover,techniques for evaluating affinity to LiPSs are thoroughly analyzed to avoid any ambiguities in measurement.Based on the research context,valuable research directions are suggested to construct efficient separators.This work provides guidelines to regulate the surface binding and energy of separators for high-performance LSBs.
基金supported by the introduction of Talent Research Fund in Nanjing Institute of Technology(YKJ202204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52401282 and 52300206)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230701 and BK20230705).
文摘Achieving high-energy density remains a key objective for advanced energy storage systems.However,challenges,such as poor cathode conductivity,anode dendrite formation,polysulfide shuttling,and electrolyte degradation,continue to limit performance and stability.Molecular and ionic dipole interactions have emerged as an effective strategy to address these issues by regulating ionic transport,modulating solvation structures,optimizing interfacial chemistry,and enhancing charge transfer kinetics.These interactions also stabilize electrode interfaces,suppress side reactions,and mitigate anode corrosion,collectively improving the durability of high-energy batteries.A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is essential to guide the design of next-generation battery materials.Herein,this review summarizes the development,classification,and advantages of dipole interactions in high-energy batteries.The roles of dipoles,including facilitating ion transport,controlling solvation dynamics,stabilizing the electric double layer,optimizing solid electrolyte interphase and cathode–electrolyte interface layers,and inhibiting parasitic reactions—are comprehensively discussed.Finally,perspectives on future research directions are proposed to advance dipole-enabled strategies for high-performance energy storage.This review aims to provide insights into the rational design of dipole-interactive systems and promote the progress of electrochemical energy storage technologies.
文摘It is regretful that the Acknowledgments part was lost in the final process of publication.The Acknowledgments part should be added as follow.The work described in this paper was supported by the grants from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Project No.16205721).
文摘Photovoltaic(PV)power forecasting is essential for balancing energy supply and demand in renewable energy systems.However,the performance of PV panels varies across different technologies due to differences in efficiency and how they process solar radiation.This study evaluates the effectiveness of deep learning models in predicting PV power generation for three panel technologies:Hybrid-Si,Mono-Si,and Poly-Si,across three forecasting horizons:1-step,12-step,and 24-step.Among the tested models,the Convolutional Neural Network—Long Short-Term Memory(CNN-LSTM)architecture exhibited superior performance,particularly for the 24-step horizon,achieving R^(2)=0.9793 and MAE 0.0162 for the Poly-Si array,followed by Mono-Si(R^(2)=0.9768)and Hybrid-Si arrays(R^(2)=0.9769).These findings demonstrate that the CNN-LSTM model can provide accurate and reliable PV power predictions for all studied technologies.By identifying the most suitable predictive model for each panel technology,this study contributes to optimizing PV power forecasting and improving energy management strategies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFC3003805)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2022356)Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Project(Grant No.2023A04J0955).
文摘This paper presents a new type of triangular Sharp Eagle wave energy converter(WEC)platform.On the basis of the linear potential flow theory and the finite element analysis method,the hydrodynamic performance and structural response of the platform are studied,considering the actual platform motion and free surface rise under extreme sea states.First,the effects of the wave frequency and direction on the wave-induced loads and dynamic responses were examined.The motion at a wave direction angle of 0°is relatively low.On this basis,the angle constrained by the two sides of the Sharp Eagle floaters should be aligned with the main wave direction to avoid significant platform motion under extreme sea states.Additionally,the structural response of the platform,including the wave-absorbing floaters,is investigated.The results highlighted that the conditions or locations where yielding,buckling,and fatigue failures occur were different.In this context,the connection area of the Sharp Eagle floaters and platform is prone to yielding failure under oblique wave action,whereas the pontoon and side of the Sharp Eagle floaters are prone to buckling failure during significant vertical motion.Additionally,fatigue damage is most likely to occur at the connection between the middle column on both sides of the Sharp Eagle floaters and the pontoons.The findings of this paper revealed an intrinsic connection between wave-induced loads and the dynamic and structural responses of the platform,which provides a useful reference for the improved design of WECs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52174109)Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(22IRTSTHN005)+1 种基金Key Research and Development Project of Henan Province(242102240029)Key Research Project of Institutions of Higher Education in Henan Province(24A580001).
文摘To reveal the rock burst mechanism,the stress and failure characteristics of coal-rock strata under different advancing speeds of mining working face were explored by theoretical analysis,simulation,and engineering monitoring.The relationship between energy accumulation and release was analyzed,and a reasonable mining speed according to specific projects was recommended.The theoretical analysis shows that as the mining speed increases from 4 to 15 m/d,the rheological coefficient of coal mass ranges from 0.9 to 0.4,and the elastic energy of coal mass accumulation varies from 100 to 900 kJ.Based on the simulation,there is a critical advancing speed,the iteration numbers of simulation are less than 15,000 per mining 10 m coal seam,the overburden structure is obvious,the abutment pressure in coal mass is large,and the accumulated energy is large,which is easy to cause strong rock burst.When the iteration number is greater than 15,000,the static force of coal mass increases slightly,but there is no obvious rock burst.Based on engineering monitoring,the mining speed of a mine is less than 8 m/d,and the periodic weighting distance is about 17 m;as the mining speed is greater than 10 m/d,and the periodic weighting distance is greater than 20 m;as the mining speed is 3-8 m/d,and the range of high stress in surrounding rock is 48 m;as the advancing speed is 8-12 m/d,and the high-stress range in surrounding rock is 80 m.Moreover,as the mining speed is less than 8 cut cycles,the micro seismic energy is less than 10,000 J;as the mining speed is 12 cut cycles,the microseismic energy is about 20,000 J.In summary,the advancing speed is positively correlated with the micro seismic event;as the mining speed increases,the accumulated elastic energy of surrounding rock is greater,which is easy to cause rock burst.The comprehensive analysis indicates the daily advance speed of the mine is not more than 12 cut cycles.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0105900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52306179)+1 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2021RC4006)High Performance Computing Center of Central South University。
文摘The development of dual functional material for cyclic CO_(2)capture and hydrogenation is of great significance for converting diluted CO_(2)into valuable fuels,but suffers from kinetic limitation and deactivation of adsorbent and catalyst.Herein,we engineered a series of RuNa/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)materials,varying the size of ruthenium from single atoms to clusters/nanoparticles.The coordination environment and structure sensitivity of ruthenium were quantitatively investigated at atomic scale.Our findings reveal that the reduced Ru nanoparticles,approximately 7.1 nm in diameter with a Ru-Ru coordination number of 5.9,exhibit high methane formation activity and selectivity at 340°C.The Ru-Na interfacial sites facilitate CO_(2)migration through a deoxygenation pathway,involving carbonate dissociation,carbonyl formation,and hydrogenation.In-situ experiments and theoretical calculations show that stable carbonyl intermediates on metallic Ru nanoparticles facilitate heterolytic C–O scission and C–H bonding,significantly lowering the energy barrier for activating stored CO_(2).
基金Project(52476095)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(kq2506013)supported by Changsha Outstanding Innovative Youth Training Program,China。
文摘The nanofluid-based direct absorption solar collector(NDASC)ensures that solar radiation passing through the tube wall is directly absorbed by the nanofluid,reducing thermal resistance in the energy transfer process.However,further exploration is required to suppress the outward thermal losses from the nanofluid at high temperatures.Herein,this paper proposes a novel NDASC in which the outer surface of the collector tube is covered with functional coatings and a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model is established to study the energy flow distributions on the collector within the temperature range of 400-600 K.When the nanofluid’s absorption coefficient reaches 80 m^(-1),the NDASC shows the optimal thermal performance,and the NDASC with local Sn-In_(2)O_(3) coating achieves a 7.8% improvement in thermal efficiency at 400 K compared to the original NDASC.Furthermore,hybrid coatings with Sn In_(2)O_(3)/WTi-Al_(2)O_(3) are explored,and the optimal coverage angles are determined.The NDASC with such coatings shows a 10.22%-17.9% increase in thermal efficiency compared to the original NDASC and a 7.6%-19.5% increase compared to the traditional surface-type solar collectors,demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed energy flow control strategy for DASCs.
基金This research was funded by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,grant number 2024A1515030130National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 42102336.
文摘Amidst the global push for decarbonization,solar-powered Organic Rankine Cycle(SORC)systems are gaining significant attention.The small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)systems have enhanced environmental adaptability,improved system flexibility,and achieved diversification of application scenarios.However,the power consumption ratio of the working fluid pump becomes significantly larger relative to the total power output of the system,adversely impacting overall system efficiency.This study introduces an innovative approach by incorporating a vapor-liquid ejector into the ORC system to reduce the pump work consumption within the ORC.The thermoeconomic models for both the traditional ORC and an ORC integrated with a vapor-liquid ejector driven by solar parabolic trough collectors(PTCs)were developed.Key evaluation indicators,such as thermal efficiency,exergy efficiency,specific investment cost,and levelized cost of energy,were employed to compare the SORC with the solar ejector organic Rankine cycle(SEORC).Additionally,the study explores the effects of solar beam radiation intensity,PTC temperature variation,evaporator pinch point temperature difference,and condenser pinch point temperature difference on the thermo-economic performance of both systems.Results demonstrate that SEORC consistently outperforms SORC.Higher solar radiation intensity and increased PTC inlet temperature lead to better system efficiency.Moreover,there is an optimal PTC temperature drop where both thermal and exergy efficiencies are maximized.The influence of evaporator and condenser temperature pinches on system performance is found to be inconsistent.
基金Financial support from National Key R&D Program(2022YFB2404600)Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Project of 52131306)+1 种基金Project on Carbon Emission Peak and Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(BE2022031-4)the Big Data Computing Center of Southeast University are greatly appreciated.
文摘The replacement of non-aqueous organic electrolytes with solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)in solid-state lithium metal batteries(SLMBs)is considered a promising strategy to address the constraints of lithium-ion batteries,especially in terms of energy density and reliability.Nevertheless,few SLMBs can deliver the required cycling performance and long-term stability for practical use,primarily due to suboptimal interface properties.Given the diverse solidification pathways leading to different interface characteristics,it is crucial to pinpoint the source of interface deterioration and develop appropriate remedies.This review focuses on Li|SSE interface issues between lithium metal anode and SSE,discussing recent advancements in the understanding of(electro)chemistry,the impact of defects,and interface evolutions that vary among different SSE species.The state-ofthe-art strategies concerning modified SEI,artificial interlayer,surface architecture,and composite structure are summarized and delved into the internal relationships between interface characteristics and performance enhancements.The current challenges and opportunities in characterizing and modifying the Li|SSE interface are suggested as potential directions for achieving practical SLMBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52002170)the Central Guidance Fund Project for Local Scientific and Technological Development in Qinghai Province(No.2024ZY013)+1 种基金the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province(No.2023FE011)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX24_1635).
文摘Developing fast-charging lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)that feature high energy density is critical for the scalable application of electric vehicles.Iron vanadate(FVO)holds great potential as anode material in fast-charging LIBs because of its high theoretical specific capacity and the high natural abundance of its constituents.However,the capacity of FVO rapidly decays due to its low electrical conductivity.Herein,uniform FVO nanoparticles are grown in situ on ordered mesoporous carbon(CMK-3)support,forming a highly electrically conductive porous network,FVO/CMK-3.The structure of CMK-3 helps prevent agglomeration of FVO particles.The electrically conductive nature of CMK-3 can further enhance the electrical conductivity of FVO/CMK-3 and buffer the volume expansion of FVO particles during cycling processes.As a result,the FVO/CMK-3 displays excellent fast-charging performance of 364.6 mAh·g^(-1)capacity for 2500 cycles at 10 A·g^(-1)(with an ultralow average capacity loss per cycle of 0.003%)through a pseudocapacitive-dominant process.Moreover,the LiCoO_(2)//FVO/CMK-3 full cell achieves a high capacity of 100.2 mAh·g^(-1)and a high capacity retention(96.2%)after 200 cycles.The superior electrochemical performance demonstrates that FVO/CMK-3 is an ideal anode material candidate for fast-charging,stable LIBs with high energy density.
基金supported by the Global Joint Research Program funded by the Pukyong National University(202411790001)the Nano&Material Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)+2 种基金funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(RS-2024-00446825)the Technology Innovation Program(RS-2024-00418815)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea)。
文摘Rechargeable magnesium batteries are promising alternatives to traditional lithium batteries because of the high abundance of Mg compounds in earth crust,their low toxicity,and possible favorable properties as electrodes'material.However,Mg metal anodes face several challenges,notably the natively existence of an inactive oxide layer on their surfaces,which reduces their effectiveness.Additionally,interactions of Mg electrodes with electrolyte solutions'components can lead to the formation of insulating surface layers,that can fully block them for ions transport.This review addresses these issues by focusing on surface treatments strategies to enhance electrochemical performance of Mg anodes.It highlights chemical and physical modification techniques to prevent oxidation and inactive-layers formation,as well as their practical implications for MIBs.We also examined the impact of Mg anodes'surface engineering on their electrochemical reversibility and cycling efficiency.Finally,future research directions to improve the performance and commercial viability of magnesium anodes and advance development of high-capacity,safe,and cost-effective energy storage systems based on magnesium electrochemistry are discussed.
基金the technical support for Nano-X from Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and NanoBionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINANO)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3800300)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179059,22239002,92372201)the science and technology innovation fund for emission peak and carbon neutrality of Jiangsu province(BK20231512,BK20220034)the Key R&D project funded by department of science and technology of Jiangsu Province(BE2020003)。
文摘Aluminum(Al)exhibits excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical ductility,and good chemical compatibility with high-ionic-conductivity electrolytes.This makes it more suitable as an anode material for all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)compared to the overly reactive metallic lithium anode and the mechanically weak silicon anode.This study finds that the pre-lithiated Al anode demonstrates outstanding interfacial stability with the Li_6PS_5Cl(LPSCl)electrolyte,maintaining stable cycling for over 1200 h under conditions of deep charge-discharge.This paper combines the pre-lithiated Al anode with a high-nickel cathode,LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2),paired with the highly ionic conductive LPSCl electrolyte,to design an ASSLB with high energy density and stability.Using anode pre-lithiation techniques,along with dual-reinforcement technology between the electrolyte and the cathode active material,the ASSLB achieves stable cycling for 1000 cycles at a 0.2C rate,with a capacity retention rate of up to 82.2%.At a critical negative-to-positive ratio of 1.1,the battery's specific energy reaches up to 375 Wh kg^(-1),and it maintains over 85.9%of its capacity after 100 charge-discharge cycles.This work provides a new approach and an excellent solution for developing low-cost,high-stability all-solid-state batteries.
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2024RC3003)the Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme(2023CXQD012)the Initiative for Sustainable Energy for its financial support。
文摘By combining the merits of radiative cooling(RC)and evaporation cooling(EC),radiative coupled evaporative cooling(REC)has attracted considerable attention for sub-ambient cooling purposes.However,for outdoor devices,the interior heating power would increase the working temperature and fire risk,which would suppress their above-ambient heat dissipation capabilities and passive water cycle properties.In this work,we introduced a REC design based on an all-in-one photonic hydrogel for above-ambient heat dissipation and flame retardancy.Unlike conventional design RC film for heat dissipation with limited cooling power and fire risk,REC hydrogel can greatly improve the heat dissipation performance in the daytime with a high workload,indicating a 12.0℃lower temperature than the RC film under the same conditions in the outdoor experiment.In the nighttime with a low workload,RC-assisted adsorption can improve atmospheric water harvesting to ensure EC in the daytime.In addition,our REC hydrogel significantly enhanced flame retardancy by absorbing heat without a corresponding temperature rise,thus mitigating fire risks.Thus,our design shows a promising solution for the thermal management of outdoor devices,delivering outstanding performance in both heat dissipation and flame retardancy.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Association for Science and Technology,grant number SKX 0225089the National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 52476027.
文摘In this study,a Gaussian Process Regression(GPR)surrogate model coupled with a Bayesian optimization algorithm was employed for the single-objective design optimization of fan-shaped film cooling holes on a concave wall.Fan-shaped holes,commonly used in gas turbines and aerospace applications,flare toward the exit to form a protective cooling film over hot surfaces,enhancing thermal protection compared to cylindrical holes.An initial hole configuration was used to improve adiabatic cooling efficiency.Design variables included the hole injection angle,forward expansion angle,lateral expansion angle,and aperture ratio,while the objective function was the average adiabatic cooling efficiency of the concave wall surface.Optimization was performed at two representative blowing ratios,M=1.0 and M=1.5,using the GPR-based surrogate model to accelerate exploration,with the Bayesian algorithm identifying optimal configurations.Results indicate that the optimized fan-shaped holes increased cooling efficiency by 15.2%and 12.3%at low and high blowing ratios,respectively.Analysis of flow and thermal fields further revealed how the optimized geometry influenced coolant distribution and heat transfer,providing insight into the mechanisms driving the improved cooling performance.
