Rapid evolutions of the Internet of Electric Vehicles(IoEVs)are reshaping and modernizing transport systems,yet challenges remain in energy efficiency,better battery aging,and grid stability.Typical charging methods a...Rapid evolutions of the Internet of Electric Vehicles(IoEVs)are reshaping and modernizing transport systems,yet challenges remain in energy efficiency,better battery aging,and grid stability.Typical charging methods allow for EVs to be charged without thought being given to the condition of the battery or the grid demand,thus increasing energy costs and battery aging.This study proposes a smart charging station with an AI-powered Battery Management System(BMS),developed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink,to increase optimality in energy flow,battery health,and impractical scheduling within the IoEV environment.The system operates through real-time communication,load scheduling based on priorities,and adaptive charging based on batterymathematically computed State of Charge(SOC),State of Health(SOH),and thermal state,with bidirectional power flow(V2G),thus allowing EVs’participation towards grid stabilization.Simulation results revealed that the proposed model can reduce peak grid load by 37.8%;charging efficiency is enhanced by 92.6%;battery temperature lessened by 4.4℃;SOH extended over 100 cycles by 6.5%,if compared against the conventional technique.By this way,charging time was decreased by 12.4% and energy costs dropped by more than 20%.These results showed that smart charging with intelligent BMS can boost greatly the operational efficiency and sustainability of the IoEV ecosystem.展开更多
Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energ...Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.展开更多
The increasing integration of electric vehicle(EV)loads into power systems necessitates understanding their impact on stability.Small-magnitude perturbations,if persistent,can cause low-frequency oscillations,leading ...The increasing integration of electric vehicle(EV)loads into power systems necessitates understanding their impact on stability.Small-magnitude perturbations,if persistent,can cause low-frequency oscillations,leading to synchronism loss and mechanical stress.This work analyzes the effect of voltage-dependent EV loads on this small-signal stability.The study models an EV load within a Single-Machine Infinite Bus(SMIB)system.It specifically evaluates the influence of EV charging through the DC link capacitor of a Unified Power Flow Controller(UPFC),a key device for damping oscillations.The system’s performance is compared to a modified version equipped with both a UPFC and a Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR)controller.Results confirm the significant influence of EV charging on the power network.The analysis demonstrates that the best performance is achieved with the SMIB system utilizing the combined UPFC and LQR controller.This configuration effectively dampens low-frequency oscillations,yielding superior results by reducing the system’s rise time,settling time,and peak overshoot.展开更多
Shared energy storage helps lower user investment costs and enhances energy efficiency,which is considered a pivotal driver in accelerating the green transition of energy sectors.In view of the increasing demand for h...Shared energy storage helps lower user investment costs and enhances energy efficiency,which is considered a pivotal driver in accelerating the green transition of energy sectors.In view of the increasing demand for hydrogen,this paper proposes a bi-level optimization of configurations and scheduling for combined cooling,heating,and power(CCHP)microgrid systems considering shared hybrid electric-hydrogen energy storage service.The upper-level model addresses the capacity allocation problem of energy storage stations,while the lower-level model optimizes the operational strategies for the multi-microgrid system(MMS).To resolve the complexity of the coupled bi-level problem,Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions and the Big-M method are applied to reformulate it into a solvable mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)model,compatible with CPLEX.The economic viability and rationality of the proposed approach are verified through comparisons of three cases.Numerical results show that the proposed approach reduces user annual costs by 20.15%compared to MMS without additional energy storage equipment and achieves 100%renewable absorption.For operators,it yields 5.71 M CNY annual profit with 3.02-year payback.Compared to MMS with electricity sharing,it further cuts user costs by 3.84%,boosts operator profit by 60.71%,and shortens payback by 15.88%.展开更多
Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewab...Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewable and multifunctional platform for green nanotechnologies.Recent advances in wood nanotechnology have enabled the transformation of natural wood into programmable substrates with tailored nanoarchitectures,establishing it as a representative class of bio-based nanomaterials.This review systematically categorizes wood-specific nanoengineering strategies—including thermal carbonization,laser-induced graphenization,targeted delignification,nanomaterial integration,and mechanical processing—highlighting their mechanisms and impacts on wood's multiscale structural and functional properties.Importantly,these functionalization strategies can be flexibly combined in a modular,“Lego-like”manner,enabling wood to be reconfigured and optimized for diverse application scenarios.We summarize recent progress in applying functionalized wood to sustainable technologies such as energy storage(e.g.,metal-ion batteries,Zn-air systems,supercapacitors),water treatment(e.g.,adsorption,photothermal filtration,catalytic degradation),and energy conversion(e.g.,solar evaporation,ionic thermoelectrics,hydrovoltaics,and triboelectric nanogenerators).These studies reveal how nanoengineered wood structures can enable efficient charge transport,selective adsorption,and enhanced light-to-heat conversion.Finally,the review discusses current challenges—such as scalable fabrication,material integration,and long-term environmental stability—and outlines future directions for the development of wood-based platforms in next-generation green energy and environmental systems.展开更多
To address the high costs and operational instability of distribution networks caused by the large-scale integration of distributed energy resources(DERs)(such as photovoltaic(PV)systems,wind turbines(WT),and energy s...To address the high costs and operational instability of distribution networks caused by the large-scale integration of distributed energy resources(DERs)(such as photovoltaic(PV)systems,wind turbines(WT),and energy storage(ES)devices),and the increased grid load fluctuations and safety risks due to uncoordinated electric vehicles(EVs)charging,this paper proposes a novel dual-scale hierarchical collaborative optimization strategy.This strategy decouples system-level economic dispatch from distributed EV agent control,effectively solving the resource coordination conflicts arising from the high computational complexity,poor scalability of existing centralized optimization,or the reliance on local information decision-making in fully decentralized frameworks.At the lower level,an EV charging and discharging model with a hybrid discrete-continuous action space is established,and optimized using an improved Parameterized Deep Q-Network(PDQN)algorithm,which directly handles mode selection and power regulation while embedding physical constraints to ensure safety.At the upper level,microgrid(MG)operators adopt a dynamic pricing strategy optimized through Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)to maximize economic benefits and achieve peak-valley shaving.Simulation results show that the proposed strategy outperforms traditional methods,reducing the total operating cost of the MG by 21.6%,decreasing the peak-to-valley load difference by 33.7%,reducing the number of voltage limit violations by 88.9%,and lowering the average electricity cost for EV users by 15.2%.This method brings a win-win result for operators and users,providing a reliable and efficient scheduling solution for distribution networks with high renewable energy penetration rates.展开更多
Recurrence of solid tumors after surgical resection is a major barrier to tissue regeneration.As an emerging treatment strategy,photo-thermo-electric therapy ablates tumor cells via photothermal effects and generates ...Recurrence of solid tumors after surgical resection is a major barrier to tissue regeneration.As an emerging treatment strategy,photo-thermo-electric therapy ablates tumor cells via photothermal effects and generates reactive oxygen species(ROS)via thermoelectric effects to disrupt heat shock proteins,thereby suppressing their protective function in tumor cells.However,conventional materials suffer from low thermoelectric efficiency and weak tissue penetration ability.In this study,we fabricated iodine-doped bismuth sulfide(I-Bi_(2)S_(3))nanorods with bonding heterostructures to improve thermoelectric performance.The approach employed iodine doping to introduce additional electrons,thereby regulating the band structure of Bi_(2)S_(3)and exploiting the dual low-energy vibration effect of the heterostructures to reduce thermal conductivity.More importantly,controlling the type of heterostructure modulated the bandgap width,thereby expanding the light absorption range to the higher-penetration near-infrared(NIR)-Ⅱregion for deep tissue treatment.The I-Bi_(2)S_(3)nanorods were incorporated into poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)scaffolds to confer antitumor functionality.According to the results,the bonding heterostructures enhanced the conductivity of Bi_(2)S_(3)and reduced its thermal conductivity,significantly enhancing thermoelectric efficacy.The heterostructures reduced the bandgap of Bi_(2)S_(3)from 1.23 to 0.88 eV,enabling optical absorption in the NIR-Ⅱregion.The ROS tests showed that the PLLA/I-Bi_(2)S_(3)scaffold exhibited good photothermal effects and ROS generation under 1064-nm laser irradiation.The antitumor efficacy of the PLLA/I-Bi_(2)S_(3)scaffold reached 84.6%against MG-63 cells,demonstrating its exceptional potential in cancer treatment.展开更多
Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,whi...Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,which have to function under harsh space conditions such as extreme temperatures(−270 to 1650℃),microgravity(10^(-6)g),unhealthy humidity(<20%RH or>60%RH),high atmospheric pressure(~1450 psi),and radiation(4000–5000 mSv).Conventional energy-harvesting technologies(solar cells,fuel cells,and nuclear energy),that are normally used to power these space systems have certain limitations(e.g.,sunlight dependence,weight,degradation,big size,high cost,low capacity,radioactivity,complexity,and low efficiency).The constraints in conventional energy resources have made it imperative to look for non-conventional yet efficient alternatives.A great potential for enhancing efficiency,sustainability,and mission duration in space exploration can be offered by integrating triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)with existing energy sources.Recently,the potential of TENG including energy harvesting(from vibrations/movements in satellites and spacecraft),self-powered sensing,and microgravity,for multiple applications in different space missions has been discussed.This review comprehensively covers the use of TENGs for various space applications,such as planetary exploration missions(Mars environment monitoring),manned space equipment,In-orbit robotic operations/collision monitoring,spacecraft’s design and structural health monitoring,Aeronautical systems,and conventional energy harvesting(solar and nuclear).This review also discusses the use of self-powered TENG sensors for deep space object perception.At the same time,this review compares TENGs with conventional energy harvesting technologies for space systems.Lastly,this review talks about energy harvesting in satellites,TENG-based satellite communication systems,and future practical implementation challenges(with possible solutions).展开更多
The paper has introduced the Journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy',presented its main journal evaluation indexes. The result indicates that the journal has made great progress in r...The paper has introduced the Journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy',presented its main journal evaluation indexes. The result indicates that the journal has made great progress in recent years. It gives much info. about the journal to authors.展开更多
This article describes an Internet based laboratory (NETLAB) developed at Zhejiang University for electrical engi- neering education. A key feature of the project is the use of real experimental systems rather than si...This article describes an Internet based laboratory (NETLAB) developed at Zhejiang University for electrical engi- neering education. A key feature of the project is the use of real experimental systems rather than simulation or virtual reality. NELTAB provides remote access to a wide variety of experiments, including not only basic electrical and electronic experiments but also many innovative control experiments. Students can effectively use the laboratory at any time and from anywhere. NETLAB has been in operation since July 2003.展开更多
The paper presented the statistics and analysis on papers published on the journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy' from 1996 to 2008: the paper acceptance rate,the paper category,the...The paper presented the statistics and analysis on papers published on the journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy' from 1996 to 2008: the paper acceptance rate,the paper category,the first author's affiliations,the top 7 first authors,the top 10 coauthors and also the journal evaluation indexes of the journal.It offers details of the journal to anyone interested,especially to our editorial board and our broad readers.展开更多
The paper has introduced the journals on electrical engineering in China in detail, presented its publication year, the distributions for all elec. eng. journals and its core journals, the position and level of the jo...The paper has introduced the journals on electrical engineering in China in detail, presented its publication year, the distributions for all elec. eng. journals and its core journals, the position and level of the journals, its main journal evaluation indexes, its core journal proportion and inclusion info. by famous international database. The paper offers much information about the journals on electrical engineering in China to readers, and also points out present problems and gives suggestion.展开更多
This paper introduces a method for modeling the entire aggregated electric vehicle(EV)charging process and analyzing its dispatchable capabilities.The methodology involves developing a model for aggregated EV charging...This paper introduces a method for modeling the entire aggregated electric vehicle(EV)charging process and analyzing its dispatchable capabilities.The methodology involves developing a model for aggregated EV charging at the charging station level,estimating its physical dispatchable capability,determining its economic dispatchable capability under economic incentives,modeling its participation in the grid,and investigating the effects of different scenarios and EV penetration on the aggregated load dispatch and dispatchable capability.The results indicate that using economic dispatchable capability reduces charging prices by 9.7%compared to physical dispatchable capability and 9.3%compared to disorderly charging.Additionally,the peak-to-valley difference is reduced by 64.6%when applying economic dispatchable capability with 20%EV penetration and residential base load,compared to disorderly charging.展开更多
As a low-bandgap ferroelectric material, BiFeO3 has gained wide attention for the potential photovoltaic applications,since its photovoltaic effect in visible light range was reported in 2009. In the present work, Bi...As a low-bandgap ferroelectric material, BiFeO3 has gained wide attention for the potential photovoltaic applications,since its photovoltaic effect in visible light range was reported in 2009. In the present work, Bi（Fe, Mn）O3thin films are fabricated by pulsed laser deposition method, and the effects of Mn doping on the microstructure, optical, leakage,ferroelectric and photovoltaic characteristics of Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin films are systematically investigated. The x-ray diffraction data indicate that Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin films each have a rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure. From the light absorption results, it follows that the band gap of Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin films can be tuned by doping different amounts of Mn content. More importantly, photovoltaic measurement demonstrates that the short-circuit photocurrent density and the open-circuit voltage can both be remarkably improved through doping an appropriate amount of Mn content, leading to the fascinating fact that the maximum power output of ITO/BiFe（0.7）Mn（0.3）O3/Nb-STO capacitor is about 175 times higher than that of ITO/BiFeO3/Nb-STO capacitor. The improvement of photovoltaic response in Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin film can be reasonably explained as being due to absorbing more visible light through bandgap engineering and maintaining the ferroelectric property at the same time.展开更多
This paper proposes a novel modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode(MUTC-PD)featuring an electric field regulation layer:a p-type doped thin layer inserted behind the PD’s n-doped cliff layer.This electric field re...This paper proposes a novel modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode(MUTC-PD)featuring an electric field regulation layer:a p-type doped thin layer inserted behind the PD’s n-doped cliff layer.This electric field regulation layer enhances the PD’s performance by not only reducing and smoothing the electric field intensity in the collector layer,allowing photo-generated electrons to transit at peak drift velocity,but also improving the electric field intensity in the depleted absorber layer and optimizing the photo-generated carriers’saturated transit performance.Additionally,the transport characteristics of the peak drift velocity of photogenerated electrons in the device’s collection layer can be used to optimize its parasitic characteristics.The electron’s peak drift velocity compensates for the lost transit time.Thus improving the 3 dB bandwidth of the PD’s photo response.Finally obtains a MUTC-PD with a 3 dB bandwidth of 68 GHz at a responsivity of 0.502 A/W,making it suitable for 100 Gbit/s optical receivers.展开更多
The human brain is asymmetrical in function, with each of its two hemispheres being somewhat responsible for distinct cognitive and motor tasks, to include writing. It stands to reason that engineering students who ha...The human brain is asymmetrical in function, with each of its two hemispheres being somewhat responsible for distinct cognitive and motor tasks, to include writing. It stands to reason that engineering students who have established entrance into their upper-division programs will have demonstrated cognitive proficiency in math and logical operations, abstract and analytical reasoning and language usage, to include writing. In this study the question was asked: is there a correlation between an upper-division electrical engineering students’ analytical reasoning ability and their descriptive writing ability? Descriptive writing is taken here to mean a students’ ability to identify key physical aspects of a mathematical model and to express—in words—a concise and well-balanced description that demonstrates a deep conceptual understanding of the model. This includes more than a description of the variables or the particular application to an engineering problem;it includes a demonstrated recognition of the basic physics that govern the model, certain limitations (idealizations) inherent in the model, and an understanding of how to make practical experimental measurements to verify the governing physics in the model. A student at this level may demonstrate proficiency in their analytical reasoning skills and hence be capable of correctly solving a given problem. However, this does not guarantee that the same student is skilled in associating equations with their physical meaning on a deep conceptual level or in understanding physical limitations of the equation. Consequently, such a student may demonstrate difficulty in mapping their comprehension of the model into written language that demonstrates a sound conceptual understanding of the governing physics. The findings represent a sample of two independent class sections of Electrical and Computer Engineering junior’s first course in Microe-lectronic Devices and Circuits during fall semesters 2012 and 2013 at a private mid-size university in NW Oregon. A total of three exams were administered to each of the 2012/2013 groups. Correlations between exam scores that students achieved on their descriptive writing of microelectronics phenomena and their analytical problem-solving abilities were examined and found to be quite significant.展开更多
In plane micro-supercapacitors that are miniaturized energy storage components have attracted significant attention due to their high power densities for various ubiquitous and sustainable device systems as well as th...In plane micro-supercapacitors that are miniaturized energy storage components have attracted significant attention due to their high power densities for various ubiquitous and sustainable device systems as well as their facile integration on various flexible/wearable platform.To implement the micro-supercapacitors in various practical applications that can accompany solid state or gel electrolyte and flexible substrates,ions must be readily transported to electrodes for achieving high power densities.Herein,we show large enhancement in electrochemical properties of flexible,inplane micro-supercapacitor using sharp-edged interdigitated electrode design,which was simply fabricated through direct laser scribing method.The sharp-edged electrodes allowed strong electric field to be induced at the corners of the electrode fingers which led to the greater accumulation of ions near the surface of electrode,significantly enhancing the energy storage performance of micro-supercapacitors.The electric field-enhanced in-plane micro-supercapacitor showed the volumetric energy density of 1.52 Wh L^(−1)and the excellent cyclability with capacitive retention of 95.4%after 20000 cycles.We further showed various practicability of our sharp-edged design in micro-supercapacitors by showing circuit applicability,mechanical stability,and air stability.These results present an important pathway for designing electrodes in various energy storage devices.展开更多
With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenu...With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.展开更多
The project analyzes the student＇s participation in complementary activities such as Education Tutorial Program, Junior Company and Academic Center. These organizations have the goal to improve, expand and connect kn...The project analyzes the student＇s participation in complementary activities such as Education Tutorial Program, Junior Company and Academic Center. These organizations have the goal to improve, expand and connect knowledge learned during classes with several practical activities. They can provide a huge integration between the students and the professors in order to achieve better results in the pedagogical, structural and organizational parts of an engineering major degree. Therefore, the project goes through the impact of each entity in the student＇s life and the advantages to professional future, focusing the presence of these organizations in the Electrical Engineering Course of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte.展开更多
As pivotal supporting technologies for smart manufacturing and digital engineering,model-based and data-driven methods have been widely applied in many industrial fields,such as product design,process monitoring,and s...As pivotal supporting technologies for smart manufacturing and digital engineering,model-based and data-driven methods have been widely applied in many industrial fields,such as product design,process monitoring,and smart maintenance.While promising,both methods have issues that need to be addressed.For example,model-based methods are limited by low computational accuracy and a high computational burden,and data-driven methods always suffer from poor interpretability and redundant features.To address these issues,the concept of data-model fusion(DMF)emerges as a promising solution.DMF involves integrating model-based methods with data-driven methods by incorporating big data into model-based methods or embedding relevant domain knowledge into data-driven methods.Despite growing efforts in the field of DMF,a unanimous definition of DMF remains elusive,and a general framework of DMF has been rarely discussed.This paper aims to address this gap by providing a thorough overview and categorization of both data-driven methods and model-based methods.Subsequently,this paper also presents the definition and categorization of DMF and discusses the general framework of DMF.Moreover,the primary seven applications of DMF are reviewed within the context of smart manufacturing and digital engineering.Finally,this paper directs the future directions of DMF.展开更多
文摘Rapid evolutions of the Internet of Electric Vehicles(IoEVs)are reshaping and modernizing transport systems,yet challenges remain in energy efficiency,better battery aging,and grid stability.Typical charging methods allow for EVs to be charged without thought being given to the condition of the battery or the grid demand,thus increasing energy costs and battery aging.This study proposes a smart charging station with an AI-powered Battery Management System(BMS),developed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink,to increase optimality in energy flow,battery health,and impractical scheduling within the IoEV environment.The system operates through real-time communication,load scheduling based on priorities,and adaptive charging based on batterymathematically computed State of Charge(SOC),State of Health(SOH),and thermal state,with bidirectional power flow(V2G),thus allowing EVs’participation towards grid stabilization.Simulation results revealed that the proposed model can reduce peak grid load by 37.8%;charging efficiency is enhanced by 92.6%;battery temperature lessened by 4.4℃;SOH extended over 100 cycles by 6.5%,if compared against the conventional technique.By this way,charging time was decreased by 12.4% and energy costs dropped by more than 20%.These results showed that smart charging with intelligent BMS can boost greatly the operational efficiency and sustainability of the IoEV ecosystem.
基金supported by Integrated Distribution Network Planning and Operational Enhancement Using Flexibility Domains Under Deep Human-Vehicle-Charger-Road-Grid Coupling(U22B20105).
文摘Thermal storage electric heating(TSEH),as a prevalent variable load resource,offers significant potential for enhancing system flexibility when aggregated into a cluster.To address the uncertainties of renewable energy and load forecasting in active distribution networks(ADN),this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimal dispatch strategy that incorporates TSEH clusters.It utilizes the thermal storage characteristics and short-term regulation capabilities of TSEH,along with the rapid and gradual response characteristics of resources in active distribution grids,to develop a coordinated optimization dispatch mechanism for day-ahead,intraday,and real-time stages.It provides a coordinated optimized dispatch technique across several timescales for active distribution grids,taking into account the integration of TSEH clusters.The proposed method is validated on a modified IEEE 33-node system.Simulation results demonstrate that the participation of TSEH in collaborative optimization significantly reduces the total system operating cost by 8.71%compared to the scenario without TSEH.This cost reduction is attributed to a 10.84%decrease in interaction costs with the main grid and a 47.41%reduction in network loss costs,validating effective peak shaving and valley filling.The multi-timescale framework further enhances economic efficiency,with overall operating costs progressively decreasing by 3.91%(intraday)and 4.59%(real-time),and interaction costs further reduced by 5.34%and 9.25%,respectively.Moreover,the approach enhances system stability by effectively suppressing node voltage fluctuations and ensuring all voltages remain within safe operating limits during real-time operation.Therefore,the proposed approach achieves rational coordination of diverse resources,significantly improving the economic efficiency and stability of ADNs.
文摘The increasing integration of electric vehicle(EV)loads into power systems necessitates understanding their impact on stability.Small-magnitude perturbations,if persistent,can cause low-frequency oscillations,leading to synchronism loss and mechanical stress.This work analyzes the effect of voltage-dependent EV loads on this small-signal stability.The study models an EV load within a Single-Machine Infinite Bus(SMIB)system.It specifically evaluates the influence of EV charging through the DC link capacitor of a Unified Power Flow Controller(UPFC),a key device for damping oscillations.The system’s performance is compared to a modified version equipped with both a UPFC and a Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR)controller.Results confirm the significant influence of EV charging on the power network.The analysis demonstrates that the best performance is achieved with the SMIB system utilizing the combined UPFC and LQR controller.This configuration effectively dampens low-frequency oscillations,yielding superior results by reducing the system’s rise time,settling time,and peak overshoot.
文摘Shared energy storage helps lower user investment costs and enhances energy efficiency,which is considered a pivotal driver in accelerating the green transition of energy sectors.In view of the increasing demand for hydrogen,this paper proposes a bi-level optimization of configurations and scheduling for combined cooling,heating,and power(CCHP)microgrid systems considering shared hybrid electric-hydrogen energy storage service.The upper-level model addresses the capacity allocation problem of energy storage stations,while the lower-level model optimizes the operational strategies for the multi-microgrid system(MMS).To resolve the complexity of the coupled bi-level problem,Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT)conditions and the Big-M method are applied to reformulate it into a solvable mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)model,compatible with CPLEX.The economic viability and rationality of the proposed approach are verified through comparisons of three cases.Numerical results show that the proposed approach reduces user annual costs by 20.15%compared to MMS without additional energy storage equipment and achieves 100%renewable absorption.For operators,it yields 5.71 M CNY annual profit with 3.02-year payback.Compared to MMS with electricity sharing,it further cuts user costs by 3.84%,boosts operator profit by 60.71%,and shortens payback by 15.88%.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Plan(No.2023YFB3209203)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62333012,No.92248302)+3 种基金supported by Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Embodied Intelligence Robotics Technologythe Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technologythe 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices。
文摘Wood,once regarded primarily as a structural material,possesses rich physicochemical complexity that has long been underexplored.In the context of industrialization and carbon imbalance,it is now emerging as a renewable and multifunctional platform for green nanotechnologies.Recent advances in wood nanotechnology have enabled the transformation of natural wood into programmable substrates with tailored nanoarchitectures,establishing it as a representative class of bio-based nanomaterials.This review systematically categorizes wood-specific nanoengineering strategies—including thermal carbonization,laser-induced graphenization,targeted delignification,nanomaterial integration,and mechanical processing—highlighting their mechanisms and impacts on wood's multiscale structural and functional properties.Importantly,these functionalization strategies can be flexibly combined in a modular,“Lego-like”manner,enabling wood to be reconfigured and optimized for diverse application scenarios.We summarize recent progress in applying functionalized wood to sustainable technologies such as energy storage(e.g.,metal-ion batteries,Zn-air systems,supercapacitors),water treatment(e.g.,adsorption,photothermal filtration,catalytic degradation),and energy conversion(e.g.,solar evaporation,ionic thermoelectrics,hydrovoltaics,and triboelectric nanogenerators).These studies reveal how nanoengineered wood structures can enable efficient charge transport,selective adsorption,and enhanced light-to-heat conversion.Finally,the review discusses current challenges—such as scalable fabrication,material integration,and long-term environmental stability—and outlines future directions for the development of wood-based platforms in next-generation green energy and environmental systems.
基金supported in part by the Research on Key Technologies for the Development of an Active Balancing Cooperative Control Systemfor Distribution Networks and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 521532240029,Grant 62303006.
文摘To address the high costs and operational instability of distribution networks caused by the large-scale integration of distributed energy resources(DERs)(such as photovoltaic(PV)systems,wind turbines(WT),and energy storage(ES)devices),and the increased grid load fluctuations and safety risks due to uncoordinated electric vehicles(EVs)charging,this paper proposes a novel dual-scale hierarchical collaborative optimization strategy.This strategy decouples system-level economic dispatch from distributed EV agent control,effectively solving the resource coordination conflicts arising from the high computational complexity,poor scalability of existing centralized optimization,or the reliance on local information decision-making in fully decentralized frameworks.At the lower level,an EV charging and discharging model with a hybrid discrete-continuous action space is established,and optimized using an improved Parameterized Deep Q-Network(PDQN)algorithm,which directly handles mode selection and power regulation while embedding physical constraints to ensure safety.At the upper level,microgrid(MG)operators adopt a dynamic pricing strategy optimized through Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)to maximize economic benefits and achieve peak-valley shaving.Simulation results show that the proposed strategy outperforms traditional methods,reducing the total operating cost of the MG by 21.6%,decreasing the peak-to-valley load difference by 33.7%,reducing the number of voltage limit violations by 88.9%,and lowering the average electricity cost for EV users by 15.2%.This method brings a win-win result for operators and users,providing a reliable and efficient scheduling solution for distribution networks with high renewable energy penetration rates.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB4605800)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52475362,52365046,and 52465041)+3 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20224ACB204013)Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing of Implantable Medical Device(No.2024SSY11161)Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Project(No.GJJ2400708)Jiangxi Province Science and Technology Program(Nos.20252BAC200317 and 20252BEJ730195)。
文摘Recurrence of solid tumors after surgical resection is a major barrier to tissue regeneration.As an emerging treatment strategy,photo-thermo-electric therapy ablates tumor cells via photothermal effects and generates reactive oxygen species(ROS)via thermoelectric effects to disrupt heat shock proteins,thereby suppressing their protective function in tumor cells.However,conventional materials suffer from low thermoelectric efficiency and weak tissue penetration ability.In this study,we fabricated iodine-doped bismuth sulfide(I-Bi_(2)S_(3))nanorods with bonding heterostructures to improve thermoelectric performance.The approach employed iodine doping to introduce additional electrons,thereby regulating the band structure of Bi_(2)S_(3)and exploiting the dual low-energy vibration effect of the heterostructures to reduce thermal conductivity.More importantly,controlling the type of heterostructure modulated the bandgap width,thereby expanding the light absorption range to the higher-penetration near-infrared(NIR)-Ⅱregion for deep tissue treatment.The I-Bi_(2)S_(3)nanorods were incorporated into poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)scaffolds to confer antitumor functionality.According to the results,the bonding heterostructures enhanced the conductivity of Bi_(2)S_(3)and reduced its thermal conductivity,significantly enhancing thermoelectric efficacy.The heterostructures reduced the bandgap of Bi_(2)S_(3)from 1.23 to 0.88 eV,enabling optical absorption in the NIR-Ⅱregion.The ROS tests showed that the PLLA/I-Bi_(2)S_(3)scaffold exhibited good photothermal effects and ROS generation under 1064-nm laser irradiation.The antitumor efficacy of the PLLA/I-Bi_(2)S_(3)scaffold reached 84.6%against MG-63 cells,demonstrating its exceptional potential in cancer treatment.
基金supported by Swedish Research Council(Vetenskapsradet,2023-04962).
文摘Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,which have to function under harsh space conditions such as extreme temperatures(−270 to 1650℃),microgravity(10^(-6)g),unhealthy humidity(<20%RH or>60%RH),high atmospheric pressure(~1450 psi),and radiation(4000–5000 mSv).Conventional energy-harvesting technologies(solar cells,fuel cells,and nuclear energy),that are normally used to power these space systems have certain limitations(e.g.,sunlight dependence,weight,degradation,big size,high cost,low capacity,radioactivity,complexity,and low efficiency).The constraints in conventional energy resources have made it imperative to look for non-conventional yet efficient alternatives.A great potential for enhancing efficiency,sustainability,and mission duration in space exploration can be offered by integrating triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)with existing energy sources.Recently,the potential of TENG including energy harvesting(from vibrations/movements in satellites and spacecraft),self-powered sensing,and microgravity,for multiple applications in different space missions has been discussed.This review comprehensively covers the use of TENGs for various space applications,such as planetary exploration missions(Mars environment monitoring),manned space equipment,In-orbit robotic operations/collision monitoring,spacecraft’s design and structural health monitoring,Aeronautical systems,and conventional energy harvesting(solar and nuclear).This review also discusses the use of self-powered TENG sensors for deep space object perception.At the same time,this review compares TENGs with conventional energy harvesting technologies for space systems.Lastly,this review talks about energy harvesting in satellites,TENG-based satellite communication systems,and future practical implementation challenges(with possible solutions).
文摘The paper has introduced the Journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy',presented its main journal evaluation indexes. The result indicates that the journal has made great progress in recent years. It gives much info. about the journal to authors.
基金Project supported by the Promising Project Foundation of Zheji-ang University, China
文摘This article describes an Internet based laboratory (NETLAB) developed at Zhejiang University for electrical engi- neering education. A key feature of the project is the use of real experimental systems rather than simulation or virtual reality. NELTAB provides remote access to a wide variety of experiments, including not only basic electrical and electronic experiments but also many innovative control experiments. Students can effectively use the laboratory at any time and from anywhere. NETLAB has been in operation since July 2003.
文摘The paper presented the statistics and analysis on papers published on the journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy' from 1996 to 2008: the paper acceptance rate,the paper category,the first author's affiliations,the top 7 first authors,the top 10 coauthors and also the journal evaluation indexes of the journal.It offers details of the journal to anyone interested,especially to our editorial board and our broad readers.
文摘The paper has introduced the journals on electrical engineering in China in detail, presented its publication year, the distributions for all elec. eng. journals and its core journals, the position and level of the journals, its main journal evaluation indexes, its core journal proportion and inclusion info. by famous international database. The paper offers much information about the journals on electrical engineering in China to readers, and also points out present problems and gives suggestion.
基金State Grid Henan Power Company Science and Technology Project‘Key Technology and Demonstration Application of Multi-Domain Electric Vehicle Aggregated Charging Load Dispatch’(5217L0240003).
文摘This paper introduces a method for modeling the entire aggregated electric vehicle(EV)charging process and analyzing its dispatchable capabilities.The methodology involves developing a model for aggregated EV charging at the charging station level,estimating its physical dispatchable capability,determining its economic dispatchable capability under economic incentives,modeling its participation in the grid,and investigating the effects of different scenarios and EV penetration on the aggregated load dispatch and dispatchable capability.The results indicate that using economic dispatchable capability reduces charging prices by 9.7%compared to physical dispatchable capability and 9.3%compared to disorderly charging.Additionally,the peak-to-valley difference is reduced by 64.6%when applying economic dispatchable capability with 20%EV penetration and residential base load,compared to disorderly charging.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11274322,51402318,61404080,and 61675066)the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0201102)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2016LH0050)
文摘As a low-bandgap ferroelectric material, BiFeO3 has gained wide attention for the potential photovoltaic applications,since its photovoltaic effect in visible light range was reported in 2009. In the present work, Bi（Fe, Mn）O3thin films are fabricated by pulsed laser deposition method, and the effects of Mn doping on the microstructure, optical, leakage,ferroelectric and photovoltaic characteristics of Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin films are systematically investigated. The x-ray diffraction data indicate that Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin films each have a rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure. From the light absorption results, it follows that the band gap of Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin films can be tuned by doping different amounts of Mn content. More importantly, photovoltaic measurement demonstrates that the short-circuit photocurrent density and the open-circuit voltage can both be remarkably improved through doping an appropriate amount of Mn content, leading to the fascinating fact that the maximum power output of ITO/BiFe（0.7）Mn（0.3）O3/Nb-STO capacitor is about 175 times higher than that of ITO/BiFeO3/Nb-STO capacitor. The improvement of photovoltaic response in Bi（Fe, Mn）O3 thin film can be reasonably explained as being due to absorbing more visible light through bandgap engineering and maintaining the ferroelectric property at the same time.
文摘This paper proposes a novel modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode(MUTC-PD)featuring an electric field regulation layer:a p-type doped thin layer inserted behind the PD’s n-doped cliff layer.This electric field regulation layer enhances the PD’s performance by not only reducing and smoothing the electric field intensity in the collector layer,allowing photo-generated electrons to transit at peak drift velocity,but also improving the electric field intensity in the depleted absorber layer and optimizing the photo-generated carriers’saturated transit performance.Additionally,the transport characteristics of the peak drift velocity of photogenerated electrons in the device’s collection layer can be used to optimize its parasitic characteristics.The electron’s peak drift velocity compensates for the lost transit time.Thus improving the 3 dB bandwidth of the PD’s photo response.Finally obtains a MUTC-PD with a 3 dB bandwidth of 68 GHz at a responsivity of 0.502 A/W,making it suitable for 100 Gbit/s optical receivers.
文摘The human brain is asymmetrical in function, with each of its two hemispheres being somewhat responsible for distinct cognitive and motor tasks, to include writing. It stands to reason that engineering students who have established entrance into their upper-division programs will have demonstrated cognitive proficiency in math and logical operations, abstract and analytical reasoning and language usage, to include writing. In this study the question was asked: is there a correlation between an upper-division electrical engineering students’ analytical reasoning ability and their descriptive writing ability? Descriptive writing is taken here to mean a students’ ability to identify key physical aspects of a mathematical model and to express—in words—a concise and well-balanced description that demonstrates a deep conceptual understanding of the model. This includes more than a description of the variables or the particular application to an engineering problem;it includes a demonstrated recognition of the basic physics that govern the model, certain limitations (idealizations) inherent in the model, and an understanding of how to make practical experimental measurements to verify the governing physics in the model. A student at this level may demonstrate proficiency in their analytical reasoning skills and hence be capable of correctly solving a given problem. However, this does not guarantee that the same student is skilled in associating equations with their physical meaning on a deep conceptual level or in understanding physical limitations of the equation. Consequently, such a student may demonstrate difficulty in mapping their comprehension of the model into written language that demonstrates a sound conceptual understanding of the governing physics. The findings represent a sample of two independent class sections of Electrical and Computer Engineering junior’s first course in Microe-lectronic Devices and Circuits during fall semesters 2012 and 2013 at a private mid-size university in NW Oregon. A total of three exams were administered to each of the 2012/2013 groups. Correlations between exam scores that students achieved on their descriptive writing of microelectronics phenomena and their analytical problem-solving abilities were examined and found to be quite significant.
基金supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(2020R1A2C1101039)by Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)and the Ministry of Trade,Industry,and Energy(MOTIE)of the Republic of Korea(20204030200060)supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund
文摘In plane micro-supercapacitors that are miniaturized energy storage components have attracted significant attention due to their high power densities for various ubiquitous and sustainable device systems as well as their facile integration on various flexible/wearable platform.To implement the micro-supercapacitors in various practical applications that can accompany solid state or gel electrolyte and flexible substrates,ions must be readily transported to electrodes for achieving high power densities.Herein,we show large enhancement in electrochemical properties of flexible,inplane micro-supercapacitor using sharp-edged interdigitated electrode design,which was simply fabricated through direct laser scribing method.The sharp-edged electrodes allowed strong electric field to be induced at the corners of the electrode fingers which led to the greater accumulation of ions near the surface of electrode,significantly enhancing the energy storage performance of micro-supercapacitors.The electric field-enhanced in-plane micro-supercapacitor showed the volumetric energy density of 1.52 Wh L^(−1)and the excellent cyclability with capacitive retention of 95.4%after 20000 cycles.We further showed various practicability of our sharp-edged design in micro-supercapacitors by showing circuit applicability,mechanical stability,and air stability.These results present an important pathway for designing electrodes in various energy storage devices.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.24JL002)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M754054)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52120105008)Beijing Municipal Outstanding Young Scientis Program of Chinathe New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘With the continuous advancement and maturation of technologies such as big data,artificial intelligence,virtual reality,robotics,human-machine collaboration,and augmented reality,many enterprises are finding new avenues for digital transformation and intelligent upgrading.Industry 5.0,a further extension and development of Industry 4.0,has become an important development trend in industry with more emphasis on human-centered sustainability and flexibility.Accordingly,both the industrial metaverse and digital twins have attracted much attention in this new era.However,the relationship between them is not clear enough.In this paper,a comparison between digital twins and the metaverse in industry is made firstly.Then,we propose the concept and framework of Digital Twin Systems Engineering(DTSE)to demonstrate how digital twins support the industrial metaverse in the era of Industry 5.0 by integrating systems engineering principles.Furthermore,we discuss the key technologies and challenges of DTSE,in particular how artificial intelligence enhances the application of DTSE.Finally,a specific application scenario in the aviation field is presented to illustrate the application prospects of DTSE.
文摘The project analyzes the student＇s participation in complementary activities such as Education Tutorial Program, Junior Company and Academic Center. These organizations have the goal to improve, expand and connect knowledge learned during classes with several practical activities. They can provide a huge integration between the students and the professors in order to achieve better results in the pedagogical, structural and organizational parts of an engineering major degree. Therefore, the project goes through the impact of each entity in the student＇s life and the advantages to professional future, focusing the presence of these organizations in the Electrical Engineering Course of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grants(52275471 and 52120105008)the Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program,and the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘As pivotal supporting technologies for smart manufacturing and digital engineering,model-based and data-driven methods have been widely applied in many industrial fields,such as product design,process monitoring,and smart maintenance.While promising,both methods have issues that need to be addressed.For example,model-based methods are limited by low computational accuracy and a high computational burden,and data-driven methods always suffer from poor interpretability and redundant features.To address these issues,the concept of data-model fusion(DMF)emerges as a promising solution.DMF involves integrating model-based methods with data-driven methods by incorporating big data into model-based methods or embedding relevant domain knowledge into data-driven methods.Despite growing efforts in the field of DMF,a unanimous definition of DMF remains elusive,and a general framework of DMF has been rarely discussed.This paper aims to address this gap by providing a thorough overview and categorization of both data-driven methods and model-based methods.Subsequently,this paper also presents the definition and categorization of DMF and discusses the general framework of DMF.Moreover,the primary seven applications of DMF are reviewed within the context of smart manufacturing and digital engineering.Finally,this paper directs the future directions of DMF.
