Center pivot irrigation systems usually apply a relatively uniform amount of water to fields that are often inherently variable, which could lead to significant waste of water and energy. To address this issue, our te...Center pivot irrigation systems usually apply a relatively uniform amount of water to fields that are often inherently variable, which could lead to significant waste of water and energy. To address this issue, our team is now developing an Intelligent Center Pivot (ICP) by integrating sensor-based irrigation scheduling with variable rate irrigation technology. However, before this technology can be applied in commercial production, it is necessary to educate growers about its practicality and potential benefits. The objective of this study was to develop a portable tabletop intelligent center pivot model (ICPDemo) to demonstrate and promote adoption of the ICP technology. This paper describes an ICPDemo constructed in 2014, including the design specifications, electro-mechanical design, control strategy, and performance. The ICPDemo has performed according to design specifications and is successfully being used to demonstrate the benefits and effectiveness of ICP technology for irrigation scheduling.展开更多
With the rapid development of big data and intelligent technology,opportunities and challenges coexist in continuing education work,and the integration of continuing education and intelligent education is imperative.T...With the rapid development of big data and intelligent technology,opportunities and challenges coexist in continuing education work,and the integration of continuing education and intelligent education is imperative.Therefore,China’s continuing education should strengthen the construction of the education system,make long-term plans,strengthen overall management in system construction,promote the transformation of continuing education models,and accelerate the modernization process of education.Based on this,this article analyzes and studies the path of intelligent development of continuing education in the digital era,explores its inevitability,analyzes the main characteristics of intelligent continuing education,explores the problems of intelligent development of continuing education,and proposes strategies for the intelligent development of continuing education.展开更多
AI tools are increasingly used in education,impacting teaching and learning across various disciplines.However,previous review articles and empirical studies have not systematically discussed the application of AI in ...AI tools are increasingly used in education,impacting teaching and learning across various disciplines.However,previous review articles and empirical studies have not systematically discussed the application of AI in higher education assessment,the impact on user acceptance during its application,and the future opportunities and challenges.This systematic review aims to understand the application of AI tools in assessment,factors that influence students'and educators'perceptions,and related challenges and opportunities.Analyzing 81 empirical studies through matrix coding and content analysis,the results show that AI tools are used in intelligent tutoring and personalized learning,giving automated assessment and feedback,virtual classroom and online collaboration,learning analytics and prediction,knowledge management and resource recommendation,and educational chat assistants.AI tools offer high-quality,real-time,personalized feedback,improving cognitive and metacognitive skills and fostering positive emotions.Despite the benefits,challenges such as security and privacy concerns,algorithmic bias,unreliable feedback,negative attitudes,insufficient abilities,academic integrity issues,and lack of proper guidance persist.To advance our understanding of AI as an assessment tool,we call for studies that explore ways to enhance teachers’and students’perceptions and refine guidelines to prevent academic dishonesty and ensure responsible AI use.展开更多
In recent years,under the background of the deepening reform of China’s education system,the curriculum system settings,teaching methods,and teaching concepts of various colleges and universities have undergone major...In recent years,under the background of the deepening reform of China’s education system,the curriculum system settings,teaching methods,and teaching concepts of various colleges and universities have undergone major changes.As a curriculum concept,ideological and political education in courses does not reform a certain professional course,nor does it change the ideological and political course itself.Instead,it combines knowledge imparting and value output to guide students in a positive way.This article analyzes the ideological and political education in college students’mental health education courses.展开更多
Digitization of education is an important component of Digital China Strategy. China is deeply implementing the digitalization of education strategy, promoting educational reform and innovation, and accelerating the c...Digitization of education is an important component of Digital China Strategy. China is deeply implementing the digitalization of education strategy, promoting educational reform and innovation, and accelerating the construction of a learning society and a learning country where everyone can learn, learn everywhere, and learn at all times [1]. As the cradle and gathering place of talent cultivation, universities should be at the forefront of educational informatization construction. As a comprehensive energy university in the northeastern region of Sichuan, the Nanchong Campus of Southwest Petroleum University plays an irreplaceable role in the local economic development. This article summarizes the current situation of educational informatization construction on this campus and proposes suggestions for its improvement path, providing constructive reference opinions for the development of similar universities.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thermal damage may lead to inflammation of the peeled mucosal surface during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).AIM To determine the effect of Joule heat on the onset of post-ESD electrocoagulation syndr...BACKGROUND Thermal damage may lead to inflammation of the peeled mucosal surface during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).AIM To determine the effect of Joule heat on the onset of post-ESD electrocoagulation syndrome(PECS).METHODS In this prospective study,PECS was characterized by in-hospital fever(white blood cell count:≥10000μ/L or body temperature≥37.5℃)and abdominal pain(visual analog scale score≥30 mm during hospitalization or increased by≥20 mm from baseline at admission).High Joule heat was defined as 15390 J.Between April 2020 and April 2024,209 patients underwent colorectal ESD;those with intraoperative perforation or penetration were excluded.The remaining 202 patients were divided into the PECS and non-PECS groups.RESULTS PECS occurred in 30(14.9%)patients.Multivariate analysis revealed high Joule heat as an independent factor associated with PECS(odds ratio=7.96;95%confidence interval:2.91-21.8,P<0.01).The procedure time and presence of lesions in the right colon were not associated with PECS.CONCLUSION Accumulated thermal damage on the peeled mucosal surface should be considered during PECS onset.This thermal damage is likely a major component of the mechanism underlying PECS.展开更多
Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved trees are usually vulnerable to freezing stress,while hexaploid wild Camellia oleifera shows strong freezing tolerance.As a valuable genetic resource of woody oil crop C.oleifera,wil...Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved trees are usually vulnerable to freezing stress,while hexaploid wild Camellia oleifera shows strong freezing tolerance.As a valuable genetic resource of woody oil crop C.oleifera,wild C.oleifera can serve as a case for studying the molecular bases of adaptive evolution to freezing stress.Here,47 wild C.oleifera from 11 natural distribution sites in China and 4 relative species of C.oleifera were selected for genome sequencing.“Min Temperature of Coldest Month”(BIO6)had the highest comprehensive contribution to wild C.oleifera distribution.The population genetic structure of wild C.oleifera could be divided into two groups:in cold winter(BIO6≤0℃)and warm winter(BIO6>0℃)areas.Wild C.oleifera in cold winter areas might have experienced stronger selection pressures and population bottlenecks with lower N_(e) than those in warm winter areas.155 singlenucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were significantly correlated with the key bioclimatic variables(106 SNPs significantly correlated with BIO6).Twenty key SNPs and 15 key copy number variation regions(CNVRs)were found with genotype differentiation>50%between the two groups of wild C.oleifera.Key SNPs in cis-regulatory elements might affect the expression of key genes associated with freezing tolerance,and they were also found within a CNVR suggesting interactions between them.Some key CNVRs in the exon regions were closely related to the differentially expressed genes under freezing stress.The findings suggest that rich SNPs and CNVRs in polyploid trees may contribute to the adaptive evolution to freezing stress.展开更多
Pre-injection is a technique that involves injecting grout materials into the ground prior to excavation,with the aim of stabilizing the surrounding rock mass.This paper introduces an analytical closed-form model for ...Pre-injection is a technique that involves injecting grout materials into the ground prior to excavation,with the aim of stabilizing the surrounding rock mass.This paper introduces an analytical closed-form model for determining the ground reaction curve of tunnels in rock masses exhibiting elastic-brittleplastic behavior and adhering to the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion.The model incorporates the reinforced region created by the pre-injection method.When the rock mass is reinforced through preinjection,plastic regions can form independently in both the natural and injected rock masses.This leads to six distinct modes of the problem.The analytical model presented in this paper considers three possible scenarios for the development of plastic regions.Each scenario comprises four stages,with each stage representing a different mode of the problem.While injecting the rock mass can enhance its strength and stiffness,it may also increase the brittleness of the injected rock mass and create stress concentrations within it,particularly when brittle grouts are used.As a result,this can elevate the risk of rockburst due to unstable failure.The results obtained from the model demonstrate that ductile grout performs exceptionally well in controlling tunnel convergence in rock masses,as it accommodates deformation without sudden failure,even in squeezing rock mass conditions.Conversely,the use of brittle grouts should be approached with caution,particularly in squeezing rock masses,due to their susceptibility to rockburst incidents.展开更多
The boundary knot method(BKM)is a simple boundary-type meshless method.Due to the use of non-singular general solutions rather than singular fundamental solutions,BKM does not need to consider the artificial boundary....The boundary knot method(BKM)is a simple boundary-type meshless method.Due to the use of non-singular general solutions rather than singular fundamental solutions,BKM does not need to consider the artificial boundary.Therefore,this method has the merits of purely meshless,easy to program,high solution accuracy and so on.In this paper,we investigate the effectiveness of the BKM for solving Helmholtz-type problems under various conditions through a series of novel numerical experiments.The results demonstrate that the BKM is efficient and achieves high computational accuracy for problems with smooth or continuous boundary conditions.However,when applied to discontinuous boundary problems,the method exhibits significant numerical instability,potentially leading to substantial deviations in the computed results.Finally,three potential improvement strategies are proposed to mitigate this limitation.展开更多
As we all are aware of the deleterious and ill effects of various chemical pesticides and inorganic fertilizers,the agricultural community has to move towards an alternative having a sustainable and eco-friendly appro...As we all are aware of the deleterious and ill effects of various chemical pesticides and inorganic fertilizers,the agricultural community has to move towards an alternative having a sustainable and eco-friendly approach.Thus in this study,we analyzed the efficiency of growth promoting microorganism products(GPMPs)using Tricuran-P(Trichoderma harzianum T-22);Nitroxin(Azospirilium and Azotobacter rhizobacteria in combination);Effective Micro-Organisms(EM)(photosynthetic bacteria,lactobacillus,Streptomyces,Actinomycetes,yeast,etc.);Phytohumic;Formycine Gold PX 20%;and Fenamiphos(Nemacur)on the tomato growth and physico-chemical properties of the plant and the soil at a greenhouse condition in interaction with root-knot nematodes(RKNs),Meloidogyne javanica pathosystem along with irrigation water at the interval of every three weeks for three times.The results showed that the lowest second-stage juveniles(J2)reproduction factor rate in the soil was related to Nemacur 18%and Tricuran-P 19%,followed by Formycine with 30%reduction in comparison to inoculated controls,respectively.Increasing the concentration of Formycine led to a significant decrease in the reproduction factor rate of J2 in the soil and the roots.Furthermore,in the biomass traits,the treatments showed a significant effect on the related traits,which were increased with the Formycine increase in the growth parameters of the biomass traits.The results of the effect of different treatments on physico-chemical traits of the soil indicated that the treatments had a significant difference on all the relevant traits except the concentration of phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))and potassium(K_(2)O).Whereas,the content of elements in the tomato plants showed a significant difference on all the evaluated traits.At the same time,the correlation between the attributes in the tomato plant with the soil indicated that the plant’s N had a positive and significant correlation with Organic Carbon(OC),total N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O and the soil moisture;and a negative and significant correlation with the soil’s EC(electrical conductivity).Moreover,the content of K,Ca,and Mg of the plant had a positive and significant correlation with the soil moisture,and a negative and significant correlation with the soil’s EC.Cumulatively,GPMPs not only are enable to shift over the soil environments in the favor of the plant growth,but also similarly modulate immunity against RKNs,by virtue of which Formycine and others can compete relatively compared to Fenamiphos(Nemacur)and other relevant GPMPs in this research.展开更多
The bioactive constituents found in natural products(NPs)are crucial in protein-ligand interactions and drug discovery.However,it is difficult to identify ligand molecules from complex NPs that specifically bind to ta...The bioactive constituents found in natural products(NPs)are crucial in protein-ligand interactions and drug discovery.However,it is difficult to identify ligand molecules from complex NPs that specifically bind to target protein,which often requires time-consuming and labor-intensive processes such as isolation and enrichment.To address this issue,in this study we developed a method that combines ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry(UHPLCESI-MS)with molecular dynamics(MD)simulation to identify and observe,rapidly and efficiently,the bioactive components in NPs that bind to specific protein target.In this method,a specific protein target was introduced online using a three-way valve to form a protein-ligand complex.The complex was then detected in real time using high-resolution MS to identify potential ligands.Based on our method,only 10 molecules from green tea(a representative natural product),including the commonly reported epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and epicatechin gallate(ECG),as well as the previously unreported eepicatechin(4β→8)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate(EC-EGCG)and eepiafzelechin 3-O-gallate-(4β→8)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate(EFG-EGCG),were screened out,which could form complexes with Aβ_(1-42)(a representative protein target),and could be potential ligands of Aβ_(1-42).Among of them,EC-EGCG demonstrated the highest binding free energy with Aβ_(1-42)(−68.54±3.82 kcal/mol).On the other side,even though the caffeine had the highest signal among green tea extracts,it was not observed to form a complex with Aβ_(1-42).Compared to other methods such as affinity selection mass spectrometry(ASMS)and native MS,our method is easy to operate and interpret the data.Undoubtedly,it provides a new methodology for potential drug discovery in NPs,and will accelerate the research on screening ligands for specific proteins from complex NPs.展开更多
Objectives:The aim of this study was to verify the causal relationship between trait aggressiveness(TA)and moral disengagement(MD),know more about the growth trajectory of MD,and explore the effects of gender and TA o...Objectives:The aim of this study was to verify the causal relationship between trait aggressiveness(TA)and moral disengagement(MD),know more about the growth trajectory of MD,and explore the effects of gender and TA on the growth trajectory.Methods:We used the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and Moral Disengagement Scale to survey 433 Chinese junior high school students longitudinally three times.Results:The results of the random intercept cross-lagged panel model(RI-CLPM)analysis indicated that TA positively predicted MD,while MD did not predict TA at the within-person level.Thus,TA could be considered an antecedent variable of MD.Furthermore,the unconditional latent growth linear model analysis revealed that MD among junior high school students exhibited an upward trend,characterized by an increasing rate of growth over time.In the conditional latent growth linear model analysis,we found that gender influenced only the initial level of MD but had no effect on its growth rate.Conversely,TA demonstrated both delayed and immediate positive effects on the growth of MD.Conclusions:Our findings suggested a one-way cross-lag effect between TA and MD.Additionally,the growth trajectory of MD among junior high school students was found to be ascending.This growth trajectory was influenced by gender and TA,offering valuable insights for the prevention and intervention of behavioral problems in junior high school students.展开更多
Due to their high dielectric constant,low melting point,and high boiling point,nitrile-based solvents exhibit significant potential in wide-temperature-range electrolytes.In this study,a wide-temperature electrolyte s...Due to their high dielectric constant,low melting point,and high boiling point,nitrile-based solvents exhibit significant potential in wide-temperature-range electrolytes.In this study,a wide-temperature electrolyte system composed of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(LiTFSI),dimethyl carbonate(DMC),and butyronitrile(BN)in a molar ratio of 1:3:9 was designed.Using variable-temperature infrared(IR)spectroscopy with carbonyl(C=O)and cyano(C≡N)groups as IR probes,combined with molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations,the temperature-dependent evolution of the Li^(+)solvation structure and molecular dynamics were systematically investigated over the range of-45℃to 45℃.The results show that the introduction of BN not only significantly enhances the low-temperature ionic conductivity and high-temperature stability of the electrolyte,but also optimizes the solvation structure and interfacial characteristics of lithium ions through strong coordination interactions.This work provides both theoretical insights and experimental support for the design of wide-temperature electrolytes.展开更多
The ability of plants to tolerate cold is a complex process.When temperatures drop or freeze,plant tissues can develop ice,which dehydrates the cells.However,plants can protect themselves by preventing ice formation.T...The ability of plants to tolerate cold is a complex process.When temperatures drop or freeze,plant tissues can develop ice,which dehydrates the cells.However,plants can protect themselves by preventing ice formation.This intricate response to cold stress is regulated by hormones,photoperiod,light,and various factors,in addition to genetic influences.In autumn,plants undergo morphological,physiological,biochemical,and molecular changes to prepare for the low temperatures of winter.Understanding cellular stress responses is crucial for genetic manipulation aimed at enhancing cold resistance.Early autumn frosts or late spring chills can cause significant damage to plants,making it essential to adapt in autumn to survive winter conditions.While the general process of acclimatization is similar across many plant species,variations exist depending on the specific type of plant and regional conditions.Different plant organs exhibit varying degrees of damage from cold stress,and by applying agricultural principles,potential damage can be largely controlled.Timely reinforcement and stress prevention can minimize cold-related damage.Research has shown that in temperate climates,low temperatures restrict plant growth and yield.However,the intricate structural systems involved remain poorly understood.Over the past decade,studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms that enable plants to adapt to and resist cold stress.The gene signaling system is believed to play a crucial role in cold adaptation,and researchers have prioritized this area in their investigations.This study critically examines plant responses to cold stress through physiological adaptations,including calcium signaling dynamics,membrane lipid modifications,and adjustments in antioxidant systems.These mechanisms activate downstream gene expression and molecular functions,leading to key resistance strategies.Additionally,we explore the regulatory roles of endogenous phytohormones and secondary metabolites in cold stress responses.This review aims to enhance our foundational understanding of the mechanisms behind plant cold adaptation.展开更多
Zn metal batteries are highly attractive because of their high theoretical specific capacity,intrinsic safety and resource availability.However,further development is significantly hindered by low Coulomb efficiency,w...Zn metal batteries are highly attractive because of their high theoretical specific capacity,intrinsic safety and resource availability.However,further development is significantly hindered by low Coulomb efficiency,which is closely linked to reaction processes occurring at electrode/electrolyte interfaces.Herein,we have achieved a real-time visualization and comprehensive analysis of the interfacial evolution of Zn metal anode via in situ AFM in organic and aqueous electrolytes,respectively.The processes of uneven nucleation,dendrite growth,the Zn O formation and the dissolution of Zn substrate are directly probed in aqueous electrolyte,which induces interfacial deterioration and ultimately results in battery failure.In organic electrolyte,the in situ observations show that the homogeneous nuclei form on the Zn surface to induce the dendrite-free deposition,however,exhibiting poor Zn plating/stripping reversibility.This work delves into the dynamic evolution and electrochemical behaviors regulated by solvents,which provides in-depth understanding of structure-reactivity correlations and further interfacial engineering.展开更多
Unstable electrode/electrolyte interfaces and heterogeneous Zn deposition would reduce the Coulombic efficiency and cycle life of Zn metal batteries(ZMBs). Applying water-in-salt(WIS) electrolytes has proven to be an ...Unstable electrode/electrolyte interfaces and heterogeneous Zn deposition would reduce the Coulombic efficiency and cycle life of Zn metal batteries(ZMBs). Applying water-in-salt(WIS) electrolytes has proven to be an effective strategy to address the above issues. However, an understanding of the reaction mechanisms on the Zn anode at nanoscale is still elusive. Here we utilize in situ atomic force microscopy to visualize the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) formation and Zn deposition/dissolution processes in WIS electrolyte and construct relationships between interfacial behavior and electrochemical performance. The formation processes, chemical properties, and structure of the on-site formed SEI are deeply explored.The SEI with a “plum-pudding” model can guide uniform Zn deposition and reversible dissolution. Mechanistic understanding of the interfacial evolution of the SEI layer and Zn deposition/dissolution has been achieved and will benefit the structural optimization and interfacial engineering of ZMBs.展开更多
A recent study in World Journal of Hepatology examined the use of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)creation.The study concluded that IVUS significantly reduces proce...A recent study in World Journal of Hepatology examined the use of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)creation.The study concluded that IVUS significantly reduces procedure time,radiation exposure,and the number of needle passes compared to conventional fluoroscopic guidance.IVUS offers real-time visualization of the portal vein,but challenges remain in terms of equipment costs and the operator learning curve.TIPS creation techniques vary widely in clinical practice,where methods,such as conventional fluoroscopy,three-dimensional image fusion,electromagnetic navigation,and IVUS,are commonly employed.In this editorial,we provide a comparative analysis of these methods based on clinical experience and the literature.By evaluating the strengths and limitations of each technique,we aim to inform clinical decision-making and enhance procedural outcomes.Future developments in TIPS creation are likely to focus on hybrid techniques that combine the strengths of IVUS,electromagnetic navigation,and real-time image fusion,potentially leading to more precise,cost-effective,and accessible methods.展开更多
An unprecedented 2,3-arylacylation reaction of allenes with aryl iodides and aldehydes was developed by resorting to Pd/NHC synergetic catalysis.It is the first time that allene was introduced into transition metal an...An unprecedented 2,3-arylacylation reaction of allenes with aryl iodides and aldehydes was developed by resorting to Pd/NHC synergetic catalysis.It is the first time that allene was introduced into transition metal and NHC synergetic catalysis,which demonstrated a versatile three-component reaction pattern,thus enabling two C-C bonds forged regioselectively in the reaction.The important reaction intermediates were successfully captured and characterized by HRMS analysis,and the migrative insertion of allene to the Ph-Pd species was identified as the reaction rate-limiting step by kinetic experiments.展开更多
This study investigated the relationship between social anxiety and problematic Internet use in college students,and how it is moderated by attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help.Participants were 14...This study investigated the relationship between social anxiety and problematic Internet use in college students,and how it is moderated by attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help.Participants were 1451 Chinese college students(female=60.2%;mean age=19.85 years,SD=1.89 years).They completed the Interaction Anxiousness Scale,the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form,and the Problematic Internet Use Scale.The results revealed that college students with higher social anxiety reported greater severity of problematic Internet use.Moreover,students with negative attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help also reported greater severity of problematic Internet use.Notably,attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help moderated the relationship between social anxiety and problematic Internet use in college student,such that the relationship was weakened when attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help was positive.These findings suggest a need for student development and support programs for promoting openness to seeking professional psychological help if with problematic Internet use from social anxiety.展开更多
The oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)could be effectively regulated by adjusting electron configurations and optimizing chemical bonds.Herein,we have achieved the modulation of electron distribution in Fe single atomic(F...The oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)could be effectively regulated by adjusting electron configurations and optimizing chemical bonds.Herein,we have achieved the modulation of electron distribution in Fe single atomic(Fe_(SA))sites through Fe atomic clusters(Fe_(AC))via a confined pyrolysis approach,thereby enhancing their intrinsic ORR activity.X-ray absorption spectroscopy has confirmed that the presence of iron atomic dusters could influence the electron distribution at Fe-N_(4)sites.The Fe_(SA)/Fe_(AC)-NC catalyst exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.88 V,surpassing the individual Fe_(SA)-NC structure.Through electronic structure analysis,it could be seen that iron atom clusters can affect Fe-N_(4)sites through long-range effects,and then effectively lower reaction barriers and enhance the reaction kinetics at Fe-N_(4)sites.The synthetic approach might pave the way for constructing highly active catalysts with tunable atomic structures,representing an effective and universal technique for electron modulation in M-N-C systems.This work provides enlightenment for the exploration of more efficient single-atom electrocatalysts and the optimization of the performance of atomic electrocatalysts.Furthermore,a zinc-air battery assembled using it on their cathode deliver a high peak power density(205.7 mW cm^(-2))and a high-specific capacity of 807.5 mA h g^(-1).This study offers a fresh approach to effectively enhance the synergistic interaction of between Fe single atom and Fe atomic clusters for improving ORR activity and energy storage.展开更多
文摘Center pivot irrigation systems usually apply a relatively uniform amount of water to fields that are often inherently variable, which could lead to significant waste of water and energy. To address this issue, our team is now developing an Intelligent Center Pivot (ICP) by integrating sensor-based irrigation scheduling with variable rate irrigation technology. However, before this technology can be applied in commercial production, it is necessary to educate growers about its practicality and potential benefits. The objective of this study was to develop a portable tabletop intelligent center pivot model (ICPDemo) to demonstrate and promote adoption of the ICP technology. This paper describes an ICPDemo constructed in 2014, including the design specifications, electro-mechanical design, control strategy, and performance. The ICPDemo has performed according to design specifications and is successfully being used to demonstrate the benefits and effectiveness of ICP technology for irrigation scheduling.
文摘With the rapid development of big data and intelligent technology,opportunities and challenges coexist in continuing education work,and the integration of continuing education and intelligent education is imperative.Therefore,China’s continuing education should strengthen the construction of the education system,make long-term plans,strengthen overall management in system construction,promote the transformation of continuing education models,and accelerate the modernization process of education.Based on this,this article analyzes and studies the path of intelligent development of continuing education in the digital era,explores its inevitability,analyzes the main characteristics of intelligent continuing education,explores the problems of intelligent development of continuing education,and proposes strategies for the intelligent development of continuing education.
文摘AI tools are increasingly used in education,impacting teaching and learning across various disciplines.However,previous review articles and empirical studies have not systematically discussed the application of AI in higher education assessment,the impact on user acceptance during its application,and the future opportunities and challenges.This systematic review aims to understand the application of AI tools in assessment,factors that influence students'and educators'perceptions,and related challenges and opportunities.Analyzing 81 empirical studies through matrix coding and content analysis,the results show that AI tools are used in intelligent tutoring and personalized learning,giving automated assessment and feedback,virtual classroom and online collaboration,learning analytics and prediction,knowledge management and resource recommendation,and educational chat assistants.AI tools offer high-quality,real-time,personalized feedback,improving cognitive and metacognitive skills and fostering positive emotions.Despite the benefits,challenges such as security and privacy concerns,algorithmic bias,unreliable feedback,negative attitudes,insufficient abilities,academic integrity issues,and lack of proper guidance persist.To advance our understanding of AI as an assessment tool,we call for studies that explore ways to enhance teachers’and students’perceptions and refine guidelines to prevent academic dishonesty and ensure responsible AI use.
基金2024 Research Branch of Ideological and Political Work in Mechanical Vocational Education of the Machinery Industry Policy Research Association of China“Research and Practice on the Cultivation of Positive Psychological Qualities of Higher Vocational College Students from the Perspective of‘Great Ideological and Political Education’”(SZ24B062)。
文摘In recent years,under the background of the deepening reform of China’s education system,the curriculum system settings,teaching methods,and teaching concepts of various colleges and universities have undergone major changes.As a curriculum concept,ideological and political education in courses does not reform a certain professional course,nor does it change the ideological and political course itself.Instead,it combines knowledge imparting and value output to guide students in a positive way.This article analyzes the ideological and political education in college students’mental health education courses.
文摘Digitization of education is an important component of Digital China Strategy. China is deeply implementing the digitalization of education strategy, promoting educational reform and innovation, and accelerating the construction of a learning society and a learning country where everyone can learn, learn everywhere, and learn at all times [1]. As the cradle and gathering place of talent cultivation, universities should be at the forefront of educational informatization construction. As a comprehensive energy university in the northeastern region of Sichuan, the Nanchong Campus of Southwest Petroleum University plays an irreplaceable role in the local economic development. This article summarizes the current situation of educational informatization construction on this campus and proposes suggestions for its improvement path, providing constructive reference opinions for the development of similar universities.
文摘BACKGROUND Thermal damage may lead to inflammation of the peeled mucosal surface during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).AIM To determine the effect of Joule heat on the onset of post-ESD electrocoagulation syndrome(PECS).METHODS In this prospective study,PECS was characterized by in-hospital fever(white blood cell count:≥10000μ/L or body temperature≥37.5℃)and abdominal pain(visual analog scale score≥30 mm during hospitalization or increased by≥20 mm from baseline at admission).High Joule heat was defined as 15390 J.Between April 2020 and April 2024,209 patients underwent colorectal ESD;those with intraoperative perforation or penetration were excluded.The remaining 202 patients were divided into the PECS and non-PECS groups.RESULTS PECS occurred in 30(14.9%)patients.Multivariate analysis revealed high Joule heat as an independent factor associated with PECS(odds ratio=7.96;95%confidence interval:2.91-21.8,P<0.01).The procedure time and presence of lesions in the right colon were not associated with PECS.CONCLUSION Accumulated thermal damage on the peeled mucosal surface should be considered during PECS onset.This thermal damage is likely a major component of the mechanism underlying PECS.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32270238 and 31870311).
文摘Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved trees are usually vulnerable to freezing stress,while hexaploid wild Camellia oleifera shows strong freezing tolerance.As a valuable genetic resource of woody oil crop C.oleifera,wild C.oleifera can serve as a case for studying the molecular bases of adaptive evolution to freezing stress.Here,47 wild C.oleifera from 11 natural distribution sites in China and 4 relative species of C.oleifera were selected for genome sequencing.“Min Temperature of Coldest Month”(BIO6)had the highest comprehensive contribution to wild C.oleifera distribution.The population genetic structure of wild C.oleifera could be divided into two groups:in cold winter(BIO6≤0℃)and warm winter(BIO6>0℃)areas.Wild C.oleifera in cold winter areas might have experienced stronger selection pressures and population bottlenecks with lower N_(e) than those in warm winter areas.155 singlenucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were significantly correlated with the key bioclimatic variables(106 SNPs significantly correlated with BIO6).Twenty key SNPs and 15 key copy number variation regions(CNVRs)were found with genotype differentiation>50%between the two groups of wild C.oleifera.Key SNPs in cis-regulatory elements might affect the expression of key genes associated with freezing tolerance,and they were also found within a CNVR suggesting interactions between them.Some key CNVRs in the exon regions were closely related to the differentially expressed genes under freezing stress.The findings suggest that rich SNPs and CNVRs in polyploid trees may contribute to the adaptive evolution to freezing stress.
文摘Pre-injection is a technique that involves injecting grout materials into the ground prior to excavation,with the aim of stabilizing the surrounding rock mass.This paper introduces an analytical closed-form model for determining the ground reaction curve of tunnels in rock masses exhibiting elastic-brittleplastic behavior and adhering to the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion.The model incorporates the reinforced region created by the pre-injection method.When the rock mass is reinforced through preinjection,plastic regions can form independently in both the natural and injected rock masses.This leads to six distinct modes of the problem.The analytical model presented in this paper considers three possible scenarios for the development of plastic regions.Each scenario comprises four stages,with each stage representing a different mode of the problem.While injecting the rock mass can enhance its strength and stiffness,it may also increase the brittleness of the injected rock mass and create stress concentrations within it,particularly when brittle grouts are used.As a result,this can elevate the risk of rockburst due to unstable failure.The results obtained from the model demonstrate that ductile grout performs exceptionally well in controlling tunnel convergence in rock masses,as it accommodates deformation without sudden failure,even in squeezing rock mass conditions.Conversely,the use of brittle grouts should be approached with caution,particularly in squeezing rock masses,due to their susceptibility to rockburst incidents.
基金Supported by the Key Scientific Research Plan of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(23B140006)。
文摘The boundary knot method(BKM)is a simple boundary-type meshless method.Due to the use of non-singular general solutions rather than singular fundamental solutions,BKM does not need to consider the artificial boundary.Therefore,this method has the merits of purely meshless,easy to program,high solution accuracy and so on.In this paper,we investigate the effectiveness of the BKM for solving Helmholtz-type problems under various conditions through a series of novel numerical experiments.The results demonstrate that the BKM is efficient and achieves high computational accuracy for problems with smooth or continuous boundary conditions.However,when applied to discontinuous boundary problems,the method exhibits significant numerical instability,potentially leading to substantial deviations in the computed results.Finally,three potential improvement strategies are proposed to mitigate this limitation.
文摘As we all are aware of the deleterious and ill effects of various chemical pesticides and inorganic fertilizers,the agricultural community has to move towards an alternative having a sustainable and eco-friendly approach.Thus in this study,we analyzed the efficiency of growth promoting microorganism products(GPMPs)using Tricuran-P(Trichoderma harzianum T-22);Nitroxin(Azospirilium and Azotobacter rhizobacteria in combination);Effective Micro-Organisms(EM)(photosynthetic bacteria,lactobacillus,Streptomyces,Actinomycetes,yeast,etc.);Phytohumic;Formycine Gold PX 20%;and Fenamiphos(Nemacur)on the tomato growth and physico-chemical properties of the plant and the soil at a greenhouse condition in interaction with root-knot nematodes(RKNs),Meloidogyne javanica pathosystem along with irrigation water at the interval of every three weeks for three times.The results showed that the lowest second-stage juveniles(J2)reproduction factor rate in the soil was related to Nemacur 18%and Tricuran-P 19%,followed by Formycine with 30%reduction in comparison to inoculated controls,respectively.Increasing the concentration of Formycine led to a significant decrease in the reproduction factor rate of J2 in the soil and the roots.Furthermore,in the biomass traits,the treatments showed a significant effect on the related traits,which were increased with the Formycine increase in the growth parameters of the biomass traits.The results of the effect of different treatments on physico-chemical traits of the soil indicated that the treatments had a significant difference on all the relevant traits except the concentration of phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))and potassium(K_(2)O).Whereas,the content of elements in the tomato plants showed a significant difference on all the evaluated traits.At the same time,the correlation between the attributes in the tomato plant with the soil indicated that the plant’s N had a positive and significant correlation with Organic Carbon(OC),total N,P_(2)O_(5),K_(2)O and the soil moisture;and a negative and significant correlation with the soil’s EC(electrical conductivity).Moreover,the content of K,Ca,and Mg of the plant had a positive and significant correlation with the soil moisture,and a negative and significant correlation with the soil’s EC.Cumulatively,GPMPs not only are enable to shift over the soil environments in the favor of the plant growth,but also similarly modulate immunity against RKNs,by virtue of which Formycine and others can compete relatively compared to Fenamiphos(Nemacur)and other relevant GPMPs in this research.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0800900).
文摘The bioactive constituents found in natural products(NPs)are crucial in protein-ligand interactions and drug discovery.However,it is difficult to identify ligand molecules from complex NPs that specifically bind to target protein,which often requires time-consuming and labor-intensive processes such as isolation and enrichment.To address this issue,in this study we developed a method that combines ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry(UHPLCESI-MS)with molecular dynamics(MD)simulation to identify and observe,rapidly and efficiently,the bioactive components in NPs that bind to specific protein target.In this method,a specific protein target was introduced online using a three-way valve to form a protein-ligand complex.The complex was then detected in real time using high-resolution MS to identify potential ligands.Based on our method,only 10 molecules from green tea(a representative natural product),including the commonly reported epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and epicatechin gallate(ECG),as well as the previously unreported eepicatechin(4β→8)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate(EC-EGCG)and eepiafzelechin 3-O-gallate-(4β→8)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate(EFG-EGCG),were screened out,which could form complexes with Aβ_(1-42)(a representative protein target),and could be potential ligands of Aβ_(1-42).Among of them,EC-EGCG demonstrated the highest binding free energy with Aβ_(1-42)(−68.54±3.82 kcal/mol).On the other side,even though the caffeine had the highest signal among green tea extracts,it was not observed to form a complex with Aβ_(1-42).Compared to other methods such as affinity selection mass spectrometry(ASMS)and native MS,our method is easy to operate and interpret the data.Undoubtedly,it provides a new methodology for potential drug discovery in NPs,and will accelerate the research on screening ligands for specific proteins from complex NPs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72164018)Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Foundation of the Ministry of Education(22YJA190012)+1 种基金Jiangxi Universities Key Research Base Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(JD23071)Jiangxi Provincial Colleges and Universities Ideological and Political Education Research Association Project(XSGZ24239).
文摘Objectives:The aim of this study was to verify the causal relationship between trait aggressiveness(TA)and moral disengagement(MD),know more about the growth trajectory of MD,and explore the effects of gender and TA on the growth trajectory.Methods:We used the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and Moral Disengagement Scale to survey 433 Chinese junior high school students longitudinally three times.Results:The results of the random intercept cross-lagged panel model(RI-CLPM)analysis indicated that TA positively predicted MD,while MD did not predict TA at the within-person level.Thus,TA could be considered an antecedent variable of MD.Furthermore,the unconditional latent growth linear model analysis revealed that MD among junior high school students exhibited an upward trend,characterized by an increasing rate of growth over time.In the conditional latent growth linear model analysis,we found that gender influenced only the initial level of MD but had no effect on its growth rate.Conversely,TA demonstrated both delayed and immediate positive effects on the growth of MD.Conclusions:Our findings suggested a one-way cross-lag effect between TA and MD.Additionally,the growth trajectory of MD among junior high school students was found to be ascending.This growth trajectory was influenced by gender and TA,offering valuable insights for the prevention and intervention of behavioral problems in junior high school students.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21603238 to Juan Zhao,Nos.21573243 and 21327802 to Jianping Wang).
文摘Due to their high dielectric constant,low melting point,and high boiling point,nitrile-based solvents exhibit significant potential in wide-temperature-range electrolytes.In this study,a wide-temperature electrolyte system composed of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(LiTFSI),dimethyl carbonate(DMC),and butyronitrile(BN)in a molar ratio of 1:3:9 was designed.Using variable-temperature infrared(IR)spectroscopy with carbonyl(C=O)and cyano(C≡N)groups as IR probes,combined with molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations,the temperature-dependent evolution of the Li^(+)solvation structure and molecular dynamics were systematically investigated over the range of-45℃to 45℃.The results show that the introduction of BN not only significantly enhances the low-temperature ionic conductivity and high-temperature stability of the electrolyte,but also optimizes the solvation structure and interfacial characteristics of lithium ions through strong coordination interactions.This work provides both theoretical insights and experimental support for the design of wide-temperature electrolytes.
文摘The ability of plants to tolerate cold is a complex process.When temperatures drop or freeze,plant tissues can develop ice,which dehydrates the cells.However,plants can protect themselves by preventing ice formation.This intricate response to cold stress is regulated by hormones,photoperiod,light,and various factors,in addition to genetic influences.In autumn,plants undergo morphological,physiological,biochemical,and molecular changes to prepare for the low temperatures of winter.Understanding cellular stress responses is crucial for genetic manipulation aimed at enhancing cold resistance.Early autumn frosts or late spring chills can cause significant damage to plants,making it essential to adapt in autumn to survive winter conditions.While the general process of acclimatization is similar across many plant species,variations exist depending on the specific type of plant and regional conditions.Different plant organs exhibit varying degrees of damage from cold stress,and by applying agricultural principles,potential damage can be largely controlled.Timely reinforcement and stress prevention can minimize cold-related damage.Research has shown that in temperate climates,low temperatures restrict plant growth and yield.However,the intricate structural systems involved remain poorly understood.Over the past decade,studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms that enable plants to adapt to and resist cold stress.The gene signaling system is believed to play a crucial role in cold adaptation,and researchers have prioritized this area in their investigations.This study critically examines plant responses to cold stress through physiological adaptations,including calcium signaling dynamics,membrane lipid modifications,and adjustments in antioxidant systems.These mechanisms activate downstream gene expression and molecular functions,leading to key resistance strategies.Additionally,we explore the regulatory roles of endogenous phytohormones and secondary metabolites in cold stress responses.This review aims to enhance our foundational understanding of the mechanisms behind plant cold adaptation.
基金financially supported by the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-058)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB2500300)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92372125,22205241)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20220306)of the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation。
文摘Zn metal batteries are highly attractive because of their high theoretical specific capacity,intrinsic safety and resource availability.However,further development is significantly hindered by low Coulomb efficiency,which is closely linked to reaction processes occurring at electrode/electrolyte interfaces.Herein,we have achieved a real-time visualization and comprehensive analysis of the interfacial evolution of Zn metal anode via in situ AFM in organic and aqueous electrolytes,respectively.The processes of uneven nucleation,dendrite growth,the Zn O formation and the dissolution of Zn substrate are directly probed in aqueous electrolyte,which induces interfacial deterioration and ultimately results in battery failure.In organic electrolyte,the in situ observations show that the homogeneous nuclei form on the Zn surface to induce the dendrite-free deposition,however,exhibiting poor Zn plating/stripping reversibility.This work delves into the dynamic evolution and electrochemical behaviors regulated by solvents,which provides in-depth understanding of structure-reactivity correlations and further interfacial engineering.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2021YFB2500300)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (No. YSBR-058)+1 种基金the National Science Foundation of China (No. 22205241)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (No. BX20220306) of the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation。
文摘Unstable electrode/electrolyte interfaces and heterogeneous Zn deposition would reduce the Coulombic efficiency and cycle life of Zn metal batteries(ZMBs). Applying water-in-salt(WIS) electrolytes has proven to be an effective strategy to address the above issues. However, an understanding of the reaction mechanisms on the Zn anode at nanoscale is still elusive. Here we utilize in situ atomic force microscopy to visualize the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) formation and Zn deposition/dissolution processes in WIS electrolyte and construct relationships between interfacial behavior and electrochemical performance. The formation processes, chemical properties, and structure of the on-site formed SEI are deeply explored.The SEI with a “plum-pudding” model can guide uniform Zn deposition and reversible dissolution. Mechanistic understanding of the interfacial evolution of the SEI layer and Zn deposition/dissolution has been achieved and will benefit the structural optimization and interfacial engineering of ZMBs.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82330061The PUMC Graduate Curriculum Informatization Development Special Fund Project,No.2024YXX004The CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine,No.2021-I2M-1-015.
文摘A recent study in World Journal of Hepatology examined the use of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)creation.The study concluded that IVUS significantly reduces procedure time,radiation exposure,and the number of needle passes compared to conventional fluoroscopic guidance.IVUS offers real-time visualization of the portal vein,but challenges remain in terms of equipment costs and the operator learning curve.TIPS creation techniques vary widely in clinical practice,where methods,such as conventional fluoroscopy,three-dimensional image fusion,electromagnetic navigation,and IVUS,are commonly employed.In this editorial,we provide a comparative analysis of these methods based on clinical experience and the literature.By evaluating the strengths and limitations of each technique,we aim to inform clinical decision-making and enhance procedural outcomes.Future developments in TIPS creation are likely to focus on hybrid techniques that combine the strengths of IVUS,electromagnetic navigation,and real-time image fusion,potentially leading to more precise,cost-effective,and accessible methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21831008,22025109,22101286)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(No.YSBR-050)+1 种基金Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(No.BNLMS-CXXM-201901)the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Dalian University of Technology(No.KF2102)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘An unprecedented 2,3-arylacylation reaction of allenes with aryl iodides and aldehydes was developed by resorting to Pd/NHC synergetic catalysis.It is the first time that allene was introduced into transition metal and NHC synergetic catalysis,which demonstrated a versatile three-component reaction pattern,thus enabling two C-C bonds forged regioselectively in the reaction.The important reaction intermediates were successfully captured and characterized by HRMS analysis,and the migrative insertion of allene to the Ph-Pd species was identified as the reaction rate-limiting step by kinetic experiments.
基金funded by Science and Technology Research Project of Jiangxi’Department of Education(GJJ2200929)Key Project of Guangzhou Psychological Society(2023GZPS05).
文摘This study investigated the relationship between social anxiety and problematic Internet use in college students,and how it is moderated by attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help.Participants were 1451 Chinese college students(female=60.2%;mean age=19.85 years,SD=1.89 years).They completed the Interaction Anxiousness Scale,the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form,and the Problematic Internet Use Scale.The results revealed that college students with higher social anxiety reported greater severity of problematic Internet use.Moreover,students with negative attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help also reported greater severity of problematic Internet use.Notably,attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help moderated the relationship between social anxiety and problematic Internet use in college student,such that the relationship was weakened when attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help was positive.These findings suggest a need for student development and support programs for promoting openness to seeking professional psychological help if with problematic Internet use from social anxiety.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos:22271018,22309012 and 22302013)the NSF of Guangdong Province(Nos:2023A1515010554 and 2024A1515010307)。
文摘The oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)could be effectively regulated by adjusting electron configurations and optimizing chemical bonds.Herein,we have achieved the modulation of electron distribution in Fe single atomic(Fe_(SA))sites through Fe atomic clusters(Fe_(AC))via a confined pyrolysis approach,thereby enhancing their intrinsic ORR activity.X-ray absorption spectroscopy has confirmed that the presence of iron atomic dusters could influence the electron distribution at Fe-N_(4)sites.The Fe_(SA)/Fe_(AC)-NC catalyst exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.88 V,surpassing the individual Fe_(SA)-NC structure.Through electronic structure analysis,it could be seen that iron atom clusters can affect Fe-N_(4)sites through long-range effects,and then effectively lower reaction barriers and enhance the reaction kinetics at Fe-N_(4)sites.The synthetic approach might pave the way for constructing highly active catalysts with tunable atomic structures,representing an effective and universal technique for electron modulation in M-N-C systems.This work provides enlightenment for the exploration of more efficient single-atom electrocatalysts and the optimization of the performance of atomic electrocatalysts.Furthermore,a zinc-air battery assembled using it on their cathode deliver a high peak power density(205.7 mW cm^(-2))and a high-specific capacity of 807.5 mA h g^(-1).This study offers a fresh approach to effectively enhance the synergistic interaction of between Fe single atom and Fe atomic clusters for improving ORR activity and energy storage.
