Center pivot irrigation systems usually apply a relatively uniform amount of water to fields that are often inherently variable, which could lead to significant waste of water and energy. To address this issue, our te...Center pivot irrigation systems usually apply a relatively uniform amount of water to fields that are often inherently variable, which could lead to significant waste of water and energy. To address this issue, our team is now developing an Intelligent Center Pivot (ICP) by integrating sensor-based irrigation scheduling with variable rate irrigation technology. However, before this technology can be applied in commercial production, it is necessary to educate growers about its practicality and potential benefits. The objective of this study was to develop a portable tabletop intelligent center pivot model (ICPDemo) to demonstrate and promote adoption of the ICP technology. This paper describes an ICPDemo constructed in 2014, including the design specifications, electro-mechanical design, control strategy, and performance. The ICPDemo has performed according to design specifications and is successfully being used to demonstrate the benefits and effectiveness of ICP technology for irrigation scheduling.展开更多
With the implementation of General Senior High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition,Revised in 2020),probability and statistics,as important carriers of the core mathematical competencies“mathematical...With the implementation of General Senior High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition,Revised in 2020),probability and statistics,as important carriers of the core mathematical competencies“mathematical modeling”and“data analysis,”have increasingly highlighted their educational value.By summarizing the historical evolution of probability and statistics thinking and combining with teaching practice cases,this study explores its unique role in cultivating students’core mathematical competencies.The research proposes a project-based teaching strategy relying on real scenarios and empowered by technology.Through cases,it demonstrates how to use modern educational technology to realize the whole-process exploration of data collection,model construction,and conclusion verification,so as to promote the transformation of middle school probability and statistics teaching from knowledge imparting to competency development,and provide a practical reference for curriculum reform.展开更多
Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typ...Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typically discarded after the harvest season,represent an abundant local biomass resource with significant potential for utilization,and were converted into biochar through pyrolysis.Here,we describe the synthesis of biochar modified with iron and chitosan to increase the diversity of functions and surface functional groups of biochar.The resulting chitosan-modified magnetic biochar(CMBC)presents a full range of functional groups of chitosan and iron oxide as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.The correlation between flubendiamide concentration and the dose of biochar on adsorption was explored.The flubendiamide adsorption efficiency of CMBC(1%mass ratio of soil)reached 68.03%in 90 min.The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 0.95 mg·g^(−1).The flubendiamide adsorption mechanism by CMBC can be described with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The experiment data closely fit a Freundlich isotherm model(R^(2)=0.998),and the low residual sum of squares values demonstrate the high model applicability.In this study,we present a comprehensive overview of pesticides,alongside kinetic and isotherm model studies of flubendiamide adsorption by CMBC.We emphasize the potential of modified biochar to enhance environmental remediation applications.展开更多
The current study examined the roles of collective self-esteem and personal self-esteem in the relationship between national identity and subjective well-being.Participants were 583 Chinese college students(females=49...The current study examined the roles of collective self-esteem and personal self-esteem in the relationship between national identity and subjective well-being.Participants were 583 Chinese college students(females=49%;mean age=19.25±1.85 years).They completed measures of national identity,collective self-esteem,personal self-esteem,and subjective well-being.Path analysis findings result indicated national identity to influence the students’subjective wellbeing through three pathways:(1)national identity→collective self-esteem→subjective well-being,meaning higher subjective wellbeing with collective self-esteem.(2)national identity→personal self-esteem→subjective well-being,to suggest higher personal self-esteem was associated with subjective wellbeing;(3)national identity→collective selfesteem→personal self-esteem→subjective well-being.Compared to simple mediation models constructed with only personal self-esteem or collective self-esteem as a single mediating variable,the chain mediation model better explains the mediating mechanism of national identity on subjective well-being(the variance explained by the mediating variables increased by 65.38%and 59.26%,respectively).The collective self-esteem and personal self-esteem mediation is consistent with social identity theory,whereby national identity enhances collective self-evaluation,which in turn bolsters personal self-worth and subjective well-being.These findings of the current study offer new insights into how national identity affects subjective well-being in collectivistic culture.展开更多
Among plant hormones,cytokinins have been extensively studied for over a century due to their central roles in regulating plant development,physiology,and environmental responses.In this study,we chemically synthesize...Among plant hormones,cytokinins have been extensively studied for over a century due to their central roles in regulating plant development,physiology,and environmental responses.In this study,we chemically synthesized several Cytokinin-Active ingreDients(CADs)and evaluated their effects on the in vitro regeneration of Sansevieria trifasciata and seedling growth of Nicotiana tabacum,comparing their activities with established cytokinins,kinetin and zeatin.Our results show that CADs promote cell division and shoot proliferation in S.trifasciata,with the highest shoot numbers per explant observed at CAD-A(0.9 mg L^(-1)),cycle-iP(0.1 mg L^(-1)),and zeatin(0.3 mg L^(-1)),all significantly different from kinetin(0.3 mg L^(-1))—the previously suggested cytokinin for in vitro shoot proliferation in this plant.CAD-A and CAD-B at 0.9 mg L^(-1)increased leaf number by approximately 4.5,significantly outperforming kinetin at 0.3 mg L^(-1).In tobacco seedlings,CAD-B at 0.3 mg L^(-1)significantly enhanced root number(7.3)comparable to kinetin(6.7)at the same concentration.Overall seedling height increased more than two-fold under both CAD-B and kinetin treatments compared to control plants.The bioactivity of CADs under in vitro conditions closely parallels that of kinetin,supporting their potential as effective cytokinin mimetics.Collectively,these results indicate that synthesized CADs can serve as potent alternatives to natural cytokinins for plant tissue culture and developmental studies,with promising applications in propagation and regeneration protocols.展开更多
To understand the transmission paths and potential source areas of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3))in Urumqi,using the monitoring data from 2020 to 2022,the pollution characteristics and the transmiss...To understand the transmission paths and potential source areas of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3))in Urumqi,using the monitoring data from 2020 to 2022,the pollution characteristics and the transmission paths of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) were studied.Based on the MeteoInfo software,the potential source areas and concentration contributions via the weighted potential source contribution function(WPSCF)and the weighted concentration weighted trajectory(WCWT)were analyzed.Besides,trajectory distribution at different starting heights were compared.The results of the backward trajectory(500 m)showed that the PM_(2.5) and O_(3) clustering trajectories were mainly derived from the northwest and passed through Yining/Ili and Tacheng.The air flow proportion of PM_(2.5) pollution was 44.83%in winter.With the highest pollution concentration(119.2μg/m^(3)),the pollution airflow proportion of O_(3) was 30.52%in summer.According to an analysis of the pressure profile,the atmospheric pressure was below 850 hPa in winter,indicating that the near-surface air mass had a substantial impact on PM_(2.5) concentrations,whereas in summer the pressure for O_(3) rose above 750 hP1,leading to higher pollutant concentrations.The WPSCF/WCWT results of PM_(2.5) demonstrated that the largest potential areas were identified in winter and were mainly distributed in Bozhou,Kuitun,and Shihezi(west of Urumqi,cultivated land/grassland),while the largest potential areas of O_(3) were distributed in Changji(east of Urumqi,barren land)and Turpan(southeast of Urumqi,grassland)in summer.The study indicates that the government should implement stricter measures to control regional transmission and air pollution.展开更多
Phosphorus plays an indispensable role in the food chain,yet phosphorus mineral resources are finite,underscoring the urgency for developing a closed-loop phosphorus economy.Although there have been advances in phosph...Phosphorus plays an indispensable role in the food chain,yet phosphorus mineral resources are finite,underscoring the urgency for developing a closed-loop phosphorus economy.Although there have been advances in phosphorus recovery from various waste materials,modern agriculture still depends on adequate phosphorus supply to support plant growth.In this study,we explored the amorphization of Ox bone using phytic acid(OxPA),and investigated how varying treatment durations influence the resulting structure.Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP)analysis was employed to quantify phosphate solubilization.Additionally,pot experiments were conducted to assess the phosphate efficiency of Ox-PA in comparison to untreated Ox bone and control group.The results showed that Ox-PA exhibited significantly higher phosphate solubilization(2973 ppm)than untreated counterpart(13 ppm).When used as a fertilizer,Ox-PA markedly enhanced both aboveground and belowground biomass and root development in maize plants.Moreover,it facilitated increased phosphorus uptake by the plants during their early growth stages.These findings indicate that Ox-PA not only holds significant potential for promoting agronomic sustainability but also contributes meaningfully to the establishment of a circular phosphorus economy.展开更多
Cuprous oxide(Cu_(2)O) is one of the most promising catalysts for electrochemical conversion of CO_(2) into value-added C_(2) products.The efficiency of CO_(2)-to-C_(2) conversion is highly dependent on the Cu_(2)O cr...Cuprous oxide(Cu_(2)O) is one of the most promising catalysts for electrochemical conversion of CO_(2) into value-added C_(2) products.The efficiency of CO_(2)-to-C_(2) conversion is highly dependent on the Cu_(2)O crystal plane orientation and the corresponding adsorbed ^(*)CO species.Herein,we constructed high-index crystal planes(311) in Cu_(2)O(CO-Cu_(2)O) via a facile self-selective CO-induced strategy under a CO atmosphere,which was verified by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) results.By exploiting the high surface energy of the high index crystal planes,^(*)CO species are stabilized in CO-Cu_(2)O during CO_(2)RR,resulting in exceptional catalytic performance for CO_(2)-to-C_(2)products.In situ infrared spectroscopy revealed that both atop-type(^(*)CO_(atop)) and hollow-type(^(*)CO_(hollow)) adsorption of ^(*)CO species occurred on the CO-Cu_(2)O.The asymmetric C-C coupling energy barrier between ^(*)CO_(atop) and ^(*)CO_(hollow) in(311) crystal plane decreases by 47.8 % compared to the symmetric coupling of ^(*)CO_(atop) in conventional(100) crystal planes.Consequently,the Faradaic efficiency of C_(2) products generated with CO-Cu_(2)O was increased by as high as 100 % compared to that with pristine Cu_(2)O.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The appro...Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The approach to biomass,as the only true full-scale alternative to fossil resources,is progressing rapidly.Converting biomass into furanic compounds,as versatile platform chemicals for synthesizing a wide range of bio-based products is the cornerstone of sustainable technologies.The extensive body of this review combines the biomass valorization to furanic compounds by CO_(2)utilization and furanic compounds conversion by CO_(2)fixation.These processes can be strategically applied through both‘thermochemical’and‘electrochemical’pathways,by utilizing CO_(2)from the atmosphere or industrial emission point and returning it to the natural carbon cycle.In the thermochemical pathway CO_(2)acts as a carbon source(carboxylation and polymerization)or active reaction assistant in the biomass conversion(CO_(2)-assisted conversion),without altering its oxidation state,facilitating the synthesis of valuable products and polymers.Conversely,in the electrochemical pathway,CO_(2)can be used as a carbon source(electrocarboxylation)to give the corresponding carboxylic acid,or it can undergo reduction,yielding methanol,carbon monoxide(CO),formic acid,and analogous compounds,while on the other side,furanic compounds undergo oxidation yielding high-value-added chemicals.Finally,potential future research directions are suggested to promote CO_(2)utilization and fixation in the valorization of biomass-derived furanic compounds,and challenges facing further research are highlighted.展开更多
As the prevalence of obesity increases dramatically,obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction constitutes a considerable challenge to human health.This study aimed to identify more useful lipid/inflammatory markers to pr...As the prevalence of obesity increases dramatically,obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction constitutes a considerable challenge to human health.This study aimed to identify more useful lipid/inflammatory markers to predict the risk of obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction.By retrospectively analyzing the clinical characteristics of 5648 cardiac disease patients,we found that both the plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC)and the blood monocyte count were significantly associated with impairment of the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).Univariate and multivariate regression analyses revealed that the monocyte to HDL-C ratio(MHR)was a more powerful predictor of the risk of LVEF decline than either HDL-C or monocyte alone.Mediation analysis further revealed a mediating effect of a high MHR on the decline in obesity-associated cardiac systolic function.Collectively,our results demonstrate a superior role of MHR in predicting the risk of an obesityassociated decline in cardiac systolic function among routine metabolic/inflammatory markers.展开更多
Background:Oral cancer is a common type of head and neck cancers.Knowing its epidemiologic characteristics is crucial to preventing,diagnosing,and treating this cancer.This study aimed to explore the epidemiologic cha...Background:Oral cancer is a common type of head and neck cancers.Knowing its epidemiologic characteristics is crucial to preventing,diagnosing,and treating this cancer.This study aimed to explore the epidemiologic characteristics of oral cancer in South China.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data from 4097 oral cancer patients treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between 1960 and 2013.We compared the age of onset,sex ratio,pathologic type,and primary tumor location among three subcultural areas(Guangfu,Hakka,and Chaoshan) and between an economically developed region and a less-developed one in Guangdong.Results:Overall,oral cancer had a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2:1,and this ratio decreased over time.Oral cancer occurred mostly in patients of 45-64 years old(54.5%),and the percentage of older patients gradually increased over time.The most common tumor location was the tongue.Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant pathologic type.The percentage of blood type O in oral cancer patients was lower than that in the healthy population.The male-to-female ratio in the Chaoshan area was higher than that in the Guangfu and Hakka areas,whereas the age of disease onset in Guangfu was higher than that in Hakka and Chaoshan.The male-to-female ratio was lower and the age of disease onset was higher in the economically developed region than in the less-developed region.Conclusion:The incidence of oral cancer in South China presents typical characteristics to which doctors should pay attention when diagnosing and treating oral cancer patients.展开更多
Background:The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has led to a paradigm shift in global health,casting a previously niche academic discipline into a headline dominating field of research.However,accurate infor...Background:The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has led to a paradigm shift in global health,casting a previously niche academic discipline into a headline dominating field of research.However,accurate information on the delivery of global health education(GHE)at a university level is lacking.This study aims to assess current GIIE practices in U.K.universities,by identifying the availability of dedicated global health qualifications,as well as the breadth of inclusion of GHE topics across university course content.Methods:Universities selected were the top 25 recipients of MRC funding in 2015-2016,as well as universities who were included in previous iterations of the“Global Health League Table”.We used the Consortium of Universities for Global Health“GHE Competencies Toolkit”to identify the presence of global health content across university global health and other course offerings.Universities were additionally judged on opportunities available in global health and on the presence of sustainable partnerships.Results:Our results showed that 20 universities(74%)offer a post-graduate global health related course,with 9(33%)offering an undergraduate global health related course.13(48%)were identified as centers of global health excellence.Just 12(44%)universities had registered sustainable partnerships with Tropical Health and Education Trust.The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine was identified as the top deliverer of GHE,with the Universities of Leicester and the Universities of Exeter joint bottom.We were unable to standardize quality assessments in this iteration of the project,but the release of student feedback to future assessors would help to improve the reliability of this study methodology.Additionally,much of our data was based on information available online,and thus some aspects of degree courses not published publicly may not have been accounted for in our scoring.Conclusion:Those institutions wishing to improve their delivery of GHE should consider the establishment of a postgraduate or undergraduate degree course.Breadth of global health content across curricular was a major discriminating factor between institutions,and we would advise universities to consider including more global health topics across their curricular-especially in light of the intersectional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.展开更多
With more educational business absorbed into information management system at universities, traditional information management platform seems unable to provide efficient service for teaching and research. Some univers...With more educational business absorbed into information management system at universities, traditional information management platform seems unable to provide efficient service for teaching and research. Some universities then resort to cloud computing platform. In view of the problems existing in the traditional information platform, this study presented an information management framework designed with cloud technology, and introduced the security techniques for its protection.展开更多
In order to ascertain prevalence rate of premarital sexual intercourse,unintended pregnancy and abortion,and evaluate associated factors of unintended pregnancy among undergraduates from all over China,the representat...In order to ascertain prevalence rate of premarital sexual intercourse,unintended pregnancy and abortion,and evaluate associated factors of unintended pregnancy among undergraduates from all over China,the representative sample of unmarried undergraduates was obtained by using a multi-stage,stratified,probability cluster design,and data were collected by using a survey questionnaire.62 326 available responders were gained.11.6% of them acknowledged having experiences of premarital sexual intercourse（standardized prevalence rate of sexual intercourse was 13.8%）.31.5% of students active in premarital sex acknowledged undergoing unintended pregnancy.76.2% of pregnant students selected abortion to end it.Of students active in premarital sex,46.2% used contraception at the first sexual intercourse,28.2% replied ＂always＂ using contraception in sexual intercourse.The rate of using condoms,oral contraceptives（OCs）,and withdrawal among students who had used contraception was 52.0%,31.0%,and 27.2% respectively.＂No preparation for sex＂（40.3%）,＂pleasure decrement＂（32.1%）,＂won＇t-be-pregnancy in occasional sexual intercourse＂（30.2%） were their common excuses for using no contraception.The identified risk factors for unintended pregnancy among students active in premarital sex by multivariate analysis were as follows：having no steady lover [having no steady lover vs having a steady lover：odds ratio（OR）,1.875;95% confidence interval（CI）,1.629-2.158],unaware of the course of conception（unaware vs aware：OR,2.023;95% CI,1.811-2.260）,considering abortion not endanger women＇s physical and mental health（no endangerment vs endangerment：OR,2.659;95% CI,2.265-3.121）,nonuse of contraception（never use vs always use：OR,1.682;95% CI,1.295-2.185）.Medical students were not less likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than nonmedical students（OR,1.111;95% CI,0.906-1.287）.The substantial proportion of unintended pregnancy among undergraduates indicates a need for convenient and targeted contraceptive education and services.展开更多
Environmental Education and Education for Sustainable Development (EE&ESD) have been widely accepted as an effective educational method to contribute to capacity development and processes of change in developing c...Environmental Education and Education for Sustainable Development (EE&ESD) have been widely accepted as an effective educational method to contribute to capacity development and processes of change in developing countries. This paper takes SIDA supported EE&ESD in formal educationadvanced international training program, China as an example. By analyzing and reflecting its orientation, implementation, outcomes and evaluation, experiences and lessons learned are expected to help improve the sorts of international cooperation capacity building programs both from international and also Chinese perspectives.展开更多
An attempt study of fine course construction strategy of modern education technology, Starting from the modern education technology professional career goals, while, in curriculum setting, highlights the profession＇...An attempt study of fine course construction strategy of modern education technology, Starting from the modern education technology professional career goals, while, in curriculum setting, highlights the profession＇ s ＂Normal＂ , and ＂technical＂ and ＂managerial＂ character. And fully reflect the characteristics of higher vocational college and strengthen the ability of students to achieve a to job competency-based, employment-oriented training model. Through the construction of the core curriculum system, cultivating high-quality skilled training objectives Normal talents.展开更多
Much in-class education and training for developing countries have focused on how a learner absorbs knowledge and skills efficiently or effectively in the class,but are less interested in how the learners should trans...Much in-class education and training for developing countries have focused on how a learner absorbs knowledge and skills efficiently or effectively in the class,but are less interested in how the learners should transfer the knowledge and skills into their jobs in their workplace.In principle,in-class education and training have a difficulty with applying the learned knowledge and skills to learners’jobs in the workplace in comparison with any other practical-basis training.To overcome this difficulty,many educational stakeholders in the nuclear field have concentrated on how learners can transfer the knowledge and skills absorbed in the class into their jobs in their workplace.The action learning activity for learners can be one of the solutions to apply the knowledge and skills to their job in the workplace.The purpose of this study is to clarify how the transfer of learning has been implemented in the nuclear-related continuing professional educations and training for developing countries in Korea.To accomplish this purpose,this study is implemented as follows.The first is to define the concept of the“transfer of learning”clearly.The second is to clarify the core elements of the transfer of learning.Along with the clarification,the third is to show how the transfer of learning has been implemented in the continuing professional nuclear-related education and training for developing countries in Korea.The fourth is to present core problems in such education and training.As the fifth,this study suggests alternatives to overcome the core problems in the nuclear-related continuing professional education and training.展开更多
With the rapid development of big data and intelligent technology,opportunities and challenges coexist in continuing education work,and the integration of continuing education and intelligent education is imperative.T...With the rapid development of big data and intelligent technology,opportunities and challenges coexist in continuing education work,and the integration of continuing education and intelligent education is imperative.Therefore,China’s continuing education should strengthen the construction of the education system,make long-term plans,strengthen overall management in system construction,promote the transformation of continuing education models,and accelerate the modernization process of education.Based on this,this article analyzes and studies the path of intelligent development of continuing education in the digital era,explores its inevitability,analyzes the main characteristics of intelligent continuing education,explores the problems of intelligent development of continuing education,and proposes strategies for the intelligent development of continuing education.展开更多
AI tools are increasingly used in education,impacting teaching and learning across various disciplines.However,previous review articles and empirical studies have not systematically discussed the application of AI in ...AI tools are increasingly used in education,impacting teaching and learning across various disciplines.However,previous review articles and empirical studies have not systematically discussed the application of AI in higher education assessment,the impact on user acceptance during its application,and the future opportunities and challenges.This systematic review aims to understand the application of AI tools in assessment,factors that influence students'and educators'perceptions,and related challenges and opportunities.Analyzing 81 empirical studies through matrix coding and content analysis,the results show that AI tools are used in intelligent tutoring and personalized learning,giving automated assessment and feedback,virtual classroom and online collaboration,learning analytics and prediction,knowledge management and resource recommendation,and educational chat assistants.AI tools offer high-quality,real-time,personalized feedback,improving cognitive and metacognitive skills and fostering positive emotions.Despite the benefits,challenges such as security and privacy concerns,algorithmic bias,unreliable feedback,negative attitudes,insufficient abilities,academic integrity issues,and lack of proper guidance persist.To advance our understanding of AI as an assessment tool,we call for studies that explore ways to enhance teachers’and students’perceptions and refine guidelines to prevent academic dishonesty and ensure responsible AI use.展开更多
文摘Center pivot irrigation systems usually apply a relatively uniform amount of water to fields that are often inherently variable, which could lead to significant waste of water and energy. To address this issue, our team is now developing an Intelligent Center Pivot (ICP) by integrating sensor-based irrigation scheduling with variable rate irrigation technology. However, before this technology can be applied in commercial production, it is necessary to educate growers about its practicality and potential benefits. The objective of this study was to develop a portable tabletop intelligent center pivot model (ICPDemo) to demonstrate and promote adoption of the ICP technology. This paper describes an ICPDemo constructed in 2014, including the design specifications, electro-mechanical design, control strategy, and performance. The ICPDemo has performed according to design specifications and is successfully being used to demonstrate the benefits and effectiveness of ICP technology for irrigation scheduling.
基金2021 Annual Research Project of Yili Normal University(2021YSBS012)。
文摘With the implementation of General Senior High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition,Revised in 2020),probability and statistics,as important carriers of the core mathematical competencies“mathematical modeling”and“data analysis,”have increasingly highlighted their educational value.By summarizing the historical evolution of probability and statistics thinking and combining with teaching practice cases,this study explores its unique role in cultivating students’core mathematical competencies.The research proposes a project-based teaching strategy relying on real scenarios and empowered by technology.Through cases,it demonstrates how to use modern educational technology to realize the whole-process exploration of data collection,model construction,and conclusion verification,so as to promote the transformation of middle school probability and statistics teaching from knowledge imparting to competency development,and provide a practical reference for curriculum reform.
基金supported by research funds of Jeonbuk National University in 2024 and partly supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2019R1A2C1006441)from the Ministry of Education.
文摘Flubendiamide is a commonly used pesticide with low water solubility and a high organic carbon sorption constant,causing it to adhere to soil particles and negatively impact soil ecosystems.First,chili plant stems,typically discarded after the harvest season,represent an abundant local biomass resource with significant potential for utilization,and were converted into biochar through pyrolysis.Here,we describe the synthesis of biochar modified with iron and chitosan to increase the diversity of functions and surface functional groups of biochar.The resulting chitosan-modified magnetic biochar(CMBC)presents a full range of functional groups of chitosan and iron oxide as shown by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.The correlation between flubendiamide concentration and the dose of biochar on adsorption was explored.The flubendiamide adsorption efficiency of CMBC(1%mass ratio of soil)reached 68.03%in 90 min.The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 0.95 mg·g^(−1).The flubendiamide adsorption mechanism by CMBC can be described with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The experiment data closely fit a Freundlich isotherm model(R^(2)=0.998),and the low residual sum of squares values demonstrate the high model applicability.In this study,we present a comprehensive overview of pesticides,alongside kinetic and isotherm model studies of flubendiamide adsorption by CMBC.We emphasize the potential of modified biochar to enhance environmental remediation applications.
文摘The current study examined the roles of collective self-esteem and personal self-esteem in the relationship between national identity and subjective well-being.Participants were 583 Chinese college students(females=49%;mean age=19.25±1.85 years).They completed measures of national identity,collective self-esteem,personal self-esteem,and subjective well-being.Path analysis findings result indicated national identity to influence the students’subjective wellbeing through three pathways:(1)national identity→collective self-esteem→subjective well-being,meaning higher subjective wellbeing with collective self-esteem.(2)national identity→personal self-esteem→subjective well-being,to suggest higher personal self-esteem was associated with subjective wellbeing;(3)national identity→collective selfesteem→personal self-esteem→subjective well-being.Compared to simple mediation models constructed with only personal self-esteem or collective self-esteem as a single mediating variable,the chain mediation model better explains the mediating mechanism of national identity on subjective well-being(the variance explained by the mediating variables increased by 65.38%and 59.26%,respectively).The collective self-esteem and personal self-esteem mediation is consistent with social identity theory,whereby national identity enhances collective self-evaluation,which in turn bolsters personal self-worth and subjective well-being.These findings of the current study offer new insights into how national identity affects subjective well-being in collectivistic culture.
文摘Among plant hormones,cytokinins have been extensively studied for over a century due to their central roles in regulating plant development,physiology,and environmental responses.In this study,we chemically synthesized several Cytokinin-Active ingreDients(CADs)and evaluated their effects on the in vitro regeneration of Sansevieria trifasciata and seedling growth of Nicotiana tabacum,comparing their activities with established cytokinins,kinetin and zeatin.Our results show that CADs promote cell division and shoot proliferation in S.trifasciata,with the highest shoot numbers per explant observed at CAD-A(0.9 mg L^(-1)),cycle-iP(0.1 mg L^(-1)),and zeatin(0.3 mg L^(-1)),all significantly different from kinetin(0.3 mg L^(-1))—the previously suggested cytokinin for in vitro shoot proliferation in this plant.CAD-A and CAD-B at 0.9 mg L^(-1)increased leaf number by approximately 4.5,significantly outperforming kinetin at 0.3 mg L^(-1).In tobacco seedlings,CAD-B at 0.3 mg L^(-1)significantly enhanced root number(7.3)comparable to kinetin(6.7)at the same concentration.Overall seedling height increased more than two-fold under both CAD-B and kinetin treatments compared to control plants.The bioactivity of CADs under in vitro conditions closely parallels that of kinetin,supporting their potential as effective cytokinin mimetics.Collectively,these results indicate that synthesized CADs can serve as potent alternatives to natural cytokinins for plant tissue culture and developmental studies,with promising applications in propagation and regeneration protocols.
基金supported by the Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(No.236Z4203G)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.BJK2024008)+2 种基金Hebei Provincial Graduate Demonstration Course Project and Construction Project(No.KCJSX2022085)Tangshan Municipal Science and Technology Plan-Key Research and Development Plan project(No.22150231J)the Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3)(No.FDLAP20005).
文摘To understand the transmission paths and potential source areas of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3))in Urumqi,using the monitoring data from 2020 to 2022,the pollution characteristics and the transmission paths of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) were studied.Based on the MeteoInfo software,the potential source areas and concentration contributions via the weighted potential source contribution function(WPSCF)and the weighted concentration weighted trajectory(WCWT)were analyzed.Besides,trajectory distribution at different starting heights were compared.The results of the backward trajectory(500 m)showed that the PM_(2.5) and O_(3) clustering trajectories were mainly derived from the northwest and passed through Yining/Ili and Tacheng.The air flow proportion of PM_(2.5) pollution was 44.83%in winter.With the highest pollution concentration(119.2μg/m^(3)),the pollution airflow proportion of O_(3) was 30.52%in summer.According to an analysis of the pressure profile,the atmospheric pressure was below 850 hPa in winter,indicating that the near-surface air mass had a substantial impact on PM_(2.5) concentrations,whereas in summer the pressure for O_(3) rose above 750 hP1,leading to higher pollutant concentrations.The WPSCF/WCWT results of PM_(2.5) demonstrated that the largest potential areas were identified in winter and were mainly distributed in Bozhou,Kuitun,and Shihezi(west of Urumqi,cultivated land/grassland),while the largest potential areas of O_(3) were distributed in Changji(east of Urumqi,barren land)and Turpan(southeast of Urumqi,grassland)in summer.The study indicates that the government should implement stricter measures to control regional transmission and air pollution.
基金supported by the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[027GJHZ2022033GC]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[22278415 and 52225309]。
文摘Phosphorus plays an indispensable role in the food chain,yet phosphorus mineral resources are finite,underscoring the urgency for developing a closed-loop phosphorus economy.Although there have been advances in phosphorus recovery from various waste materials,modern agriculture still depends on adequate phosphorus supply to support plant growth.In this study,we explored the amorphization of Ox bone using phytic acid(OxPA),and investigated how varying treatment durations influence the resulting structure.Inductively Coupled Plasma(ICP)analysis was employed to quantify phosphate solubilization.Additionally,pot experiments were conducted to assess the phosphate efficiency of Ox-PA in comparison to untreated Ox bone and control group.The results showed that Ox-PA exhibited significantly higher phosphate solubilization(2973 ppm)than untreated counterpart(13 ppm).When used as a fertilizer,Ox-PA markedly enhanced both aboveground and belowground biomass and root development in maize plants.Moreover,it facilitated increased phosphorus uptake by the plants during their early growth stages.These findings indicate that Ox-PA not only holds significant potential for promoting agronomic sustainability but also contributes meaningfully to the establishment of a circular phosphorus economy.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U23A20677,22022610 and 52400137)"Pioneer" and "Leading Goose" R&D Program of Zhejiang (Nos.2022C03146 and 2023C03017)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2024T170805)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.LDT23E06015B06)the support of the Research Computing Center in College of Chemical and Biological Engineering at Zhejiang University for assistance with the calculations。
文摘Cuprous oxide(Cu_(2)O) is one of the most promising catalysts for electrochemical conversion of CO_(2) into value-added C_(2) products.The efficiency of CO_(2)-to-C_(2) conversion is highly dependent on the Cu_(2)O crystal plane orientation and the corresponding adsorbed ^(*)CO species.Herein,we constructed high-index crystal planes(311) in Cu_(2)O(CO-Cu_(2)O) via a facile self-selective CO-induced strategy under a CO atmosphere,which was verified by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) results.By exploiting the high surface energy of the high index crystal planes,^(*)CO species are stabilized in CO-Cu_(2)O during CO_(2)RR,resulting in exceptional catalytic performance for CO_(2)-to-C_(2)products.In situ infrared spectroscopy revealed that both atop-type(^(*)CO_(atop)) and hollow-type(^(*)CO_(hollow)) adsorption of ^(*)CO species occurred on the CO-Cu_(2)O.The asymmetric C-C coupling energy barrier between ^(*)CO_(atop) and ^(*)CO_(hollow) in(311) crystal plane decreases by 47.8 % compared to the symmetric coupling of ^(*)CO_(atop) in conventional(100) crystal planes.Consequently,the Faradaic efficiency of C_(2) products generated with CO-Cu_(2)O was increased by as high as 100 % compared to that with pristine Cu_(2)O.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2101604)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20123,22278339)+1 种基金Fujian Provincial Key Science and Technology Program of China(No.2022YZ037013)Xiamen University for the financial support.
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The approach to biomass,as the only true full-scale alternative to fossil resources,is progressing rapidly.Converting biomass into furanic compounds,as versatile platform chemicals for synthesizing a wide range of bio-based products is the cornerstone of sustainable technologies.The extensive body of this review combines the biomass valorization to furanic compounds by CO_(2)utilization and furanic compounds conversion by CO_(2)fixation.These processes can be strategically applied through both‘thermochemical’and‘electrochemical’pathways,by utilizing CO_(2)from the atmosphere or industrial emission point and returning it to the natural carbon cycle.In the thermochemical pathway CO_(2)acts as a carbon source(carboxylation and polymerization)or active reaction assistant in the biomass conversion(CO_(2)-assisted conversion),without altering its oxidation state,facilitating the synthesis of valuable products and polymers.Conversely,in the electrochemical pathway,CO_(2)can be used as a carbon source(electrocarboxylation)to give the corresponding carboxylic acid,or it can undergo reduction,yielding methanol,carbon monoxide(CO),formic acid,and analogous compounds,while on the other side,furanic compounds undergo oxidation yielding high-value-added chemicals.Finally,potential future research directions are suggested to promote CO_(2)utilization and fixation in the valorization of biomass-derived furanic compounds,and challenges facing further research are highlighted.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82430018 to Q.C.,82270361 and 82570402 to H.Z.)the Nanjing Medical University Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Fund(Grant No.202410312138Y to C.Z.)the Basic Sciences of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(Grant No.22KJA310002 to H.Z.)。
文摘As the prevalence of obesity increases dramatically,obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction constitutes a considerable challenge to human health.This study aimed to identify more useful lipid/inflammatory markers to predict the risk of obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction.By retrospectively analyzing the clinical characteristics of 5648 cardiac disease patients,we found that both the plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC)and the blood monocyte count were significantly associated with impairment of the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF).Univariate and multivariate regression analyses revealed that the monocyte to HDL-C ratio(MHR)was a more powerful predictor of the risk of LVEF decline than either HDL-C or monocyte alone.Mediation analysis further revealed a mediating effect of a high MHR on the decline in obesity-associated cardiac systolic function.Collectively,our results demonstrate a superior role of MHR in predicting the risk of an obesityassociated decline in cardiac systolic function among routine metabolic/inflammatory markers.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81172568)
文摘Background:Oral cancer is a common type of head and neck cancers.Knowing its epidemiologic characteristics is crucial to preventing,diagnosing,and treating this cancer.This study aimed to explore the epidemiologic characteristics of oral cancer in South China.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data from 4097 oral cancer patients treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between 1960 and 2013.We compared the age of onset,sex ratio,pathologic type,and primary tumor location among three subcultural areas(Guangfu,Hakka,and Chaoshan) and between an economically developed region and a less-developed one in Guangdong.Results:Overall,oral cancer had a male-to-female ratio of approximately 2:1,and this ratio decreased over time.Oral cancer occurred mostly in patients of 45-64 years old(54.5%),and the percentage of older patients gradually increased over time.The most common tumor location was the tongue.Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant pathologic type.The percentage of blood type O in oral cancer patients was lower than that in the healthy population.The male-to-female ratio in the Chaoshan area was higher than that in the Guangfu and Hakka areas,whereas the age of disease onset in Guangfu was higher than that in Hakka and Chaoshan.The male-to-female ratio was lower and the age of disease onset was higher in the economically developed region than in the less-developed region.Conclusion:The incidence of oral cancer in South China presents typical characteristics to which doctors should pay attention when diagnosing and treating oral cancer patients.
基金supported by Association of Medical Education Europe's Students Initiative Grant.
文摘Background:The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has led to a paradigm shift in global health,casting a previously niche academic discipline into a headline dominating field of research.However,accurate information on the delivery of global health education(GHE)at a university level is lacking.This study aims to assess current GIIE practices in U.K.universities,by identifying the availability of dedicated global health qualifications,as well as the breadth of inclusion of GHE topics across university course content.Methods:Universities selected were the top 25 recipients of MRC funding in 2015-2016,as well as universities who were included in previous iterations of the“Global Health League Table”.We used the Consortium of Universities for Global Health“GHE Competencies Toolkit”to identify the presence of global health content across university global health and other course offerings.Universities were additionally judged on opportunities available in global health and on the presence of sustainable partnerships.Results:Our results showed that 20 universities(74%)offer a post-graduate global health related course,with 9(33%)offering an undergraduate global health related course.13(48%)were identified as centers of global health excellence.Just 12(44%)universities had registered sustainable partnerships with Tropical Health and Education Trust.The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine was identified as the top deliverer of GHE,with the Universities of Leicester and the Universities of Exeter joint bottom.We were unable to standardize quality assessments in this iteration of the project,but the release of student feedback to future assessors would help to improve the reliability of this study methodology.Additionally,much of our data was based on information available online,and thus some aspects of degree courses not published publicly may not have been accounted for in our scoring.Conclusion:Those institutions wishing to improve their delivery of GHE should consider the establishment of a postgraduate or undergraduate degree course.Breadth of global health content across curricular was a major discriminating factor between institutions,and we would advise universities to consider including more global health topics across their curricular-especially in light of the intersectional impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
文摘With more educational business absorbed into information management system at universities, traditional information management platform seems unable to provide efficient service for teaching and research. Some universities then resort to cloud computing platform. In view of the problems existing in the traditional information platform, this study presented an information management framework designed with cloud technology, and introduced the security techniques for its protection.
基金supported by a grant from The Chinese"11th" Five-Year Plan" Supporting Science and Technology Project (No. 2006BAI15B04)
文摘In order to ascertain prevalence rate of premarital sexual intercourse,unintended pregnancy and abortion,and evaluate associated factors of unintended pregnancy among undergraduates from all over China,the representative sample of unmarried undergraduates was obtained by using a multi-stage,stratified,probability cluster design,and data were collected by using a survey questionnaire.62 326 available responders were gained.11.6% of them acknowledged having experiences of premarital sexual intercourse（standardized prevalence rate of sexual intercourse was 13.8%）.31.5% of students active in premarital sex acknowledged undergoing unintended pregnancy.76.2% of pregnant students selected abortion to end it.Of students active in premarital sex,46.2% used contraception at the first sexual intercourse,28.2% replied ＂always＂ using contraception in sexual intercourse.The rate of using condoms,oral contraceptives（OCs）,and withdrawal among students who had used contraception was 52.0%,31.0%,and 27.2% respectively.＂No preparation for sex＂（40.3%）,＂pleasure decrement＂（32.1%）,＂won＇t-be-pregnancy in occasional sexual intercourse＂（30.2%） were their common excuses for using no contraception.The identified risk factors for unintended pregnancy among students active in premarital sex by multivariate analysis were as follows：having no steady lover [having no steady lover vs having a steady lover：odds ratio（OR）,1.875;95% confidence interval（CI）,1.629-2.158],unaware of the course of conception（unaware vs aware：OR,2.023;95% CI,1.811-2.260）,considering abortion not endanger women＇s physical and mental health（no endangerment vs endangerment：OR,2.659;95% CI,2.265-3.121）,nonuse of contraception（never use vs always use：OR,1.682;95% CI,1.295-2.185）.Medical students were not less likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than nonmedical students（OR,1.111;95% CI,0.906-1.287）.The substantial proportion of unintended pregnancy among undergraduates indicates a need for convenient and targeted contraceptive education and services.
文摘Environmental Education and Education for Sustainable Development (EE&ESD) have been widely accepted as an effective educational method to contribute to capacity development and processes of change in developing countries. This paper takes SIDA supported EE&ESD in formal educationadvanced international training program, China as an example. By analyzing and reflecting its orientation, implementation, outcomes and evaluation, experiences and lessons learned are expected to help improve the sorts of international cooperation capacity building programs both from international and also Chinese perspectives.
文摘An attempt study of fine course construction strategy of modern education technology, Starting from the modern education technology professional career goals, while, in curriculum setting, highlights the profession＇ s ＂Normal＂ , and ＂technical＂ and ＂managerial＂ character. And fully reflect the characteristics of higher vocational college and strengthen the ability of students to achieve a to job competency-based, employment-oriented training model. Through the construction of the core curriculum system, cultivating high-quality skilled training objectives Normal talents.
文摘Much in-class education and training for developing countries have focused on how a learner absorbs knowledge and skills efficiently or effectively in the class,but are less interested in how the learners should transfer the knowledge and skills into their jobs in their workplace.In principle,in-class education and training have a difficulty with applying the learned knowledge and skills to learners’jobs in the workplace in comparison with any other practical-basis training.To overcome this difficulty,many educational stakeholders in the nuclear field have concentrated on how learners can transfer the knowledge and skills absorbed in the class into their jobs in their workplace.The action learning activity for learners can be one of the solutions to apply the knowledge and skills to their job in the workplace.The purpose of this study is to clarify how the transfer of learning has been implemented in the nuclear-related continuing professional educations and training for developing countries in Korea.To accomplish this purpose,this study is implemented as follows.The first is to define the concept of the“transfer of learning”clearly.The second is to clarify the core elements of the transfer of learning.Along with the clarification,the third is to show how the transfer of learning has been implemented in the continuing professional nuclear-related education and training for developing countries in Korea.The fourth is to present core problems in such education and training.As the fifth,this study suggests alternatives to overcome the core problems in the nuclear-related continuing professional education and training.
文摘With the rapid development of big data and intelligent technology,opportunities and challenges coexist in continuing education work,and the integration of continuing education and intelligent education is imperative.Therefore,China’s continuing education should strengthen the construction of the education system,make long-term plans,strengthen overall management in system construction,promote the transformation of continuing education models,and accelerate the modernization process of education.Based on this,this article analyzes and studies the path of intelligent development of continuing education in the digital era,explores its inevitability,analyzes the main characteristics of intelligent continuing education,explores the problems of intelligent development of continuing education,and proposes strategies for the intelligent development of continuing education.
文摘AI tools are increasingly used in education,impacting teaching and learning across various disciplines.However,previous review articles and empirical studies have not systematically discussed the application of AI in higher education assessment,the impact on user acceptance during its application,and the future opportunities and challenges.This systematic review aims to understand the application of AI tools in assessment,factors that influence students'and educators'perceptions,and related challenges and opportunities.Analyzing 81 empirical studies through matrix coding and content analysis,the results show that AI tools are used in intelligent tutoring and personalized learning,giving automated assessment and feedback,virtual classroom and online collaboration,learning analytics and prediction,knowledge management and resource recommendation,and educational chat assistants.AI tools offer high-quality,real-time,personalized feedback,improving cognitive and metacognitive skills and fostering positive emotions.Despite the benefits,challenges such as security and privacy concerns,algorithmic bias,unreliable feedback,negative attitudes,insufficient abilities,academic integrity issues,and lack of proper guidance persist.To advance our understanding of AI as an assessment tool,we call for studies that explore ways to enhance teachers’and students’perceptions and refine guidelines to prevent academic dishonesty and ensure responsible AI use.
