An ecological project called fish biomanipulation, other than the conventional fishery culture technique, was put forward in this paper for the excess propagation control of Cyclops. The control effects on Cyclops of ...An ecological project called fish biomanipulation, other than the conventional fishery culture technique, was put forward in this paper for the excess propagation control of Cyclops. The control effects on Cyclops of four species of fish were investigated experimentally at stocking density of 30 g per cubic meter of water. The experimental results showed that the food habit of the fish had significant influence on the biological control of Cyclops. The propagation of Cyclops could be controlled effectively and also the water quality was improved simultaneously by stocking the filter-feeding fishes, such as silver carp and bighead carp. Whereas, herbivorous Ctenopharyugodon idellus and omnivorous Cyprinus carpio had no obvious biological effects on controlling the growth of Cyclops and restoring water quality. The results further proved that under condition of proper poly-culture density of silver carp and bighead carp, the number of Cyclops might be controlled at very low level and the eutrophication might be abated by removing the nutrients from water body.展开更多
We use the excellent sediment recovery of International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)Exp.363,in the Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP)to assess down-core variations in the abundance of warm versus cool benthic foraminife...We use the excellent sediment recovery of International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)Exp.363,in the Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP)to assess down-core variations in the abundance of warm versus cool benthic foraminiferal species through a warm benthic foraminifers(WBF)curve.The total percentage of the“warm”shallower species group(Laticarinina pauperata,Cibicidoides kullenbergi,C.robertsonianus,Cibicidoides sp.,Hoeglundina elegans,and Bulimina aculeata)and of the“cool”species group from deep waters(Pyrgo murrhina,Planulina wuellerstorfi,Uvigerina peregrina,and Globobulimina hoeglundi,Hopkinsina pacifica)at all sites is used to assess paleo temporal and spatial variations in preservation and marine temperature.Our study sites span water depths ranging from 875 m to 3421 m and our results indicate that well-preserved living and fossil foraminifera characterize mudline and core sediments at all water depths attesting the wide environmental tolerance of these species to temperature and pressure.Using magneto-and biostratigraphy datum,these sediments are of Oligocene age.Our low-resolution study showed that with the exception of core 1486B which the linear tendency of warmer species is toward cool sediments in old times,all of them show that older sediments indicate warmer periods than today,which is expected from Miocene to Recent.Our results provide evidence for the preservation potential of deeply buried sediments,which has implications on climate reconstructions based on the population dynamics of calcareous benthic foraminifera.展开更多
Per-and polyfluorinated substances(PFASs)contaminates the arable soil through multiple paths,and poses a threat to both farmland ecosystems and human health.In this study,the potential sources and distribution charact...Per-and polyfluorinated substances(PFASs)contaminates the arable soil through multiple paths,and poses a threat to both farmland ecosystems and human health.In this study,the potential sources and distribution characteristics of 12 legacy PFASs in the soil and rivers for irrigation purposes were investigated in farmland systems,and the risks posed by PFASs to earthworm and aquatic organisms were also assessed.Based on field investigations in Yangtze River Basin,we found long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids(PFCAs)were the major contaminants in arable soil and rivers for irrigation purposes,with PFOA(Perfluorooctanoic acid)being the most dominant monomer.Concentration levels of PFASs in arable soil were strongly related to land use types,the average concentration of PFASs(341.18±600.19 ng/g)in the paddy fields was 100-fold higher than that of dry fields(3.79±4.11 ng/g).Source apportionment revealed that PFASs detected in paddy fields were mainly associated with industrial effluents,domestic sewage,and irrigation water.In rivers for irrigation purposes,higher PFASs contamination were primarily distributed in industrial areas,such as plastic processing,paper,textile and electronics factories.The PFASs in the irrigation river water posed a low-medium risk to daphnia and fish,while the PFASs(PFOA and perfluorododecanoic acid(PFDoDA))in soil posed a medium-high risk to earthworms.These results provided insights that sewage irrigation caused serious pollution of PFASs in the agricultural environment,should be paid more attention.展开更多
Bisphenol compounds(BPs)are commonly used in industry and agriculture.However,BPs pollution has already raised global concerns due to their ecological risks.This study investigated nine types of BPs in agricultural so...Bisphenol compounds(BPs)are commonly used in industry and agriculture.However,BPs pollution has already raised global concerns due to their ecological risks.This study investigated nine types of BPs in agricultural soil and irrigation rivers,and evaluated the occurrence,source apportionment,and ecological risks for BPs in soils of agricultural environment by using principal component analysis-multivariate linear regression(PCA-MLR)and risk quotients(RQ).The average concentration of BPs in soil,irrigation water and sediments were 29.19 ng/g,30.21 ng/L and 610.09 ng/g dw,respectively.BPA was the most highly detected contaminant in all media.In soil,the primary BPA substitutes were bisphenol S(BPS)and bisphenol F(BPF),contributing about 50%to the pollution in total.PCA-MLR analysis indicated that the release of solid waste was the primary cause of BPs pollution in the agricultural soils,following by waste water discharge.The evaluation of RQ revealed that BPs presented a low to medium risk to algae,daphnia,and fish in irrigation rivers,while more than 90% of soil sampling sites faced medium or high risk,with BPA and BPS as the main contributors to the risk.The research findings offer evidence to support the assessment of contaminants concentration,source pathways,and risk management strategies pertaining to BPs in the agricultural system.With ongoing BPA substitute occurrence,addressing risks to agricultural soil ecosystems remains crucial.展开更多
The high cadmium(Cd)accumulation ability of wheat has garnered significant attention in China.It is crucial to identify the key factors affecting Cd accumulation in wheat and to develop predictive models to derive the...The high cadmium(Cd)accumulation ability of wheat has garnered significant attention in China.It is crucial to identify the key factors affecting Cd accumulation in wheat and to develop predictive models to derive the threshold concentration of Cd in soil for safe wheat production.A total of 311 soil–wheat paired datasets were collected from both literature and field surveys in China,in which the ranges of Cd in soil and wheat grain were 0.068–13.500 mg/kg and 0.006–2.190 mg/kg,respectively.Correlation analyses and Partial Least Squares Path Model indicated that soil Cd,soil pH,and CEC together controlled the transfer of Cd from soil to wheat.Multiple linear regression models were successfully established using soil Cd contents or bioavailable Cd(extracted by CaCl2 or calculated using a multi-surface speciation model),pH,and CEC as input variables to predict wheat Cd(RMSE¼0.242–0.327,MAE¼0.188–0.249).Furthermore,the Extreme Random Tree model(RMSE¼0.221,MAE¼0.165)outperformed the other seven machine learning algorithms.The thresholds for both soil total Cd and bioavailable Cd for safe wheat production were further back-calculated according to the permissible value of Cd in wheat grain,which demonstrated enhanced protection accuracy compared to the current soil quality standard.Our findings facilitate a quantitative assessment of Cd accumulation risk in wheat,offering a valuable reference for the safe production of wheat.展开更多
Tropical Arenosols may be challenging for agricultural use,particularly in semi-arid regions.The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the addition of increasing shares of biochar and clay on the nutrient so...Tropical Arenosols may be challenging for agricultural use,particularly in semi-arid regions.The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the addition of increasing shares of biochar and clay on the nutrient sorption capacity of a tropical Arenosol.In batch equilibrium experiments,the sorption of ammonium-N(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate-N(NO_(3)^(−)-N),potassium(K^(+)),and phosphate-P(PO_(4)^(3−)-P)was quantified for mixtures of an Arenosol with increasing shares of biochar and clay(1%,2.5%,5%,10%,100%)and the unmixed Arenosol,biochar,and clay.The mid-temperature biochar was produced from Prosopis juliflora feedstock;the clayey material was taken from the sedimentary parent material of a temporarily dry lake.Only the Arenosol-biochar mixture with 10%biochar addition and the biochar increased the NH_(4)^(+)-N maximum sorption capacity(q_(max))of the Arenosol,by 34%and 130%,respectively.The q_(max)of PO_(4)^(3−)-P slightly increased with ascending biochar shares(1-10%)by 14%,30%,26%,and 42%,whereas the undiluted biochar released PO_(4)^(3−)-P.Biochar addition slightly reduced NO_(3)^(−)-N release from the Arenosol but strongly induced K^(+)release.On the other hand,clay addition of 10%and clay itself augmented q_(max)of NH_(4)^(+)-N by 30%and 162%;ascending clay rates(1-100%)increased q_(max)for PO_(4)^(3−)-P by 78%,130%,180%,268%,and 712%.Clay rates above 5%improved K^(+)sorption;however,no q_(max)values could be derived.Sorption of NO_(3)^(−)-N remained unaffected by clay amendment.Overall,clay addition proved to enhance the nutrient sorption capacity of the Arenosol more effectively than biochar;nonetheless,both materials may be promising amendments to meliorate sandy soils for agricultural use in the semi-arid tropics.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2002AA601140 )the National Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (Grant No. QC03C17)the Focal Laboratory Opening Research Program of Beijing and the Scientific Resear
文摘An ecological project called fish biomanipulation, other than the conventional fishery culture technique, was put forward in this paper for the excess propagation control of Cyclops. The control effects on Cyclops of four species of fish were investigated experimentally at stocking density of 30 g per cubic meter of water. The experimental results showed that the food habit of the fish had significant influence on the biological control of Cyclops. The propagation of Cyclops could be controlled effectively and also the water quality was improved simultaneously by stocking the filter-feeding fishes, such as silver carp and bighead carp. Whereas, herbivorous Ctenopharyugodon idellus and omnivorous Cyprinus carpio had no obvious biological effects on controlling the growth of Cyclops and restoring water quality. The results further proved that under condition of proper poly-culture density of silver carp and bighead carp, the number of Cyclops might be controlled at very low level and the eutrophication might be abated by removing the nutrients from water body.
基金We are thankful for the Project Geohazards and Tectonics(CAPES Grant 88887.091714/2014-01,IODP Program)Research was also supported by IODP/CAPES Brazil fellowship granted to PE to go aboard the Research Vessel Joides Resolution in 2016.This research would not have been conduct without funding from Ciências do Mar II(CAPES Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior)through the Project Processos oceanográficos na quebra da plataforma continental do nordeste brasileiro:fundamentos científicos para o planejamento espacial marinho(n°43/2013,23038.004320/2014-11)through for the Post-Doc Fellowship for Eichler at the Moss Landing Marine Laboratories of the San Jose State University(MLML/SJSU)+1 种基金at the Ocean Sciences Department of the University of California at Santa Cruz(UCSC)(grants Nº88887.305531/2018-00,Nº88881.188496/2018-01)We are also grateful for the International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)in the Texas A&M University(USA)(Grant Nº9999.000098/2017-05)and to the Technical Support to Strengthen National Palaeontology(Apoio Técnico para Fortalecimento da Paleontologia Nacional,Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia MCTI/National Research Council CNPq Nº23/2011,Nº552976/2011-3)for funding opportunity.We are grateful for the EcoLogicProject for the manuscript detailed editing.
文摘We use the excellent sediment recovery of International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)Exp.363,in the Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP)to assess down-core variations in the abundance of warm versus cool benthic foraminiferal species through a warm benthic foraminifers(WBF)curve.The total percentage of the“warm”shallower species group(Laticarinina pauperata,Cibicidoides kullenbergi,C.robertsonianus,Cibicidoides sp.,Hoeglundina elegans,and Bulimina aculeata)and of the“cool”species group from deep waters(Pyrgo murrhina,Planulina wuellerstorfi,Uvigerina peregrina,and Globobulimina hoeglundi,Hopkinsina pacifica)at all sites is used to assess paleo temporal and spatial variations in preservation and marine temperature.Our study sites span water depths ranging from 875 m to 3421 m and our results indicate that well-preserved living and fossil foraminifera characterize mudline and core sediments at all water depths attesting the wide environmental tolerance of these species to temperature and pressure.Using magneto-and biostratigraphy datum,these sediments are of Oligocene age.Our low-resolution study showed that with the exception of core 1486B which the linear tendency of warmer species is toward cool sediments in old times,all of them show that older sediments indicate warmer periods than today,which is expected from Miocene to Recent.Our results provide evidence for the preservation potential of deeply buried sediments,which has implications on climate reconstructions based on the population dynamics of calcareous benthic foraminifera.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for The Central Universities(No.B230201058).
文摘Per-and polyfluorinated substances(PFASs)contaminates the arable soil through multiple paths,and poses a threat to both farmland ecosystems and human health.In this study,the potential sources and distribution characteristics of 12 legacy PFASs in the soil and rivers for irrigation purposes were investigated in farmland systems,and the risks posed by PFASs to earthworm and aquatic organisms were also assessed.Based on field investigations in Yangtze River Basin,we found long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids(PFCAs)were the major contaminants in arable soil and rivers for irrigation purposes,with PFOA(Perfluorooctanoic acid)being the most dominant monomer.Concentration levels of PFASs in arable soil were strongly related to land use types,the average concentration of PFASs(341.18±600.19 ng/g)in the paddy fields was 100-fold higher than that of dry fields(3.79±4.11 ng/g).Source apportionment revealed that PFASs detected in paddy fields were mainly associated with industrial effluents,domestic sewage,and irrigation water.In rivers for irrigation purposes,higher PFASs contamination were primarily distributed in industrial areas,such as plastic processing,paper,textile and electronics factories.The PFASs in the irrigation river water posed a low-medium risk to daphnia and fish,while the PFASs(PFOA and perfluorododecanoic acid(PFDoDA))in soil posed a medium-high risk to earthworms.These results provided insights that sewage irrigation caused serious pollution of PFASs in the agricultural environment,should be paid more attention.
基金This study was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for The Central Universities(No.B230201058)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 52179063 and 42177353)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221505)the key program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 52039003).
文摘Bisphenol compounds(BPs)are commonly used in industry and agriculture.However,BPs pollution has already raised global concerns due to their ecological risks.This study investigated nine types of BPs in agricultural soil and irrigation rivers,and evaluated the occurrence,source apportionment,and ecological risks for BPs in soils of agricultural environment by using principal component analysis-multivariate linear regression(PCA-MLR)and risk quotients(RQ).The average concentration of BPs in soil,irrigation water and sediments were 29.19 ng/g,30.21 ng/L and 610.09 ng/g dw,respectively.BPA was the most highly detected contaminant in all media.In soil,the primary BPA substitutes were bisphenol S(BPS)and bisphenol F(BPF),contributing about 50%to the pollution in total.PCA-MLR analysis indicated that the release of solid waste was the primary cause of BPs pollution in the agricultural soils,following by waste water discharge.The evaluation of RQ revealed that BPs presented a low to medium risk to algae,daphnia,and fish in irrigation rivers,while more than 90% of soil sampling sites faced medium or high risk,with BPA and BPS as the main contributors to the risk.The research findings offer evidence to support the assessment of contaminants concentration,source pathways,and risk management strategies pertaining to BPs in the agricultural system.With ongoing BPA substitute occurrence,addressing risks to agricultural soil ecosystems remains crucial.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(42177188,21876080).
文摘The high cadmium(Cd)accumulation ability of wheat has garnered significant attention in China.It is crucial to identify the key factors affecting Cd accumulation in wheat and to develop predictive models to derive the threshold concentration of Cd in soil for safe wheat production.A total of 311 soil–wheat paired datasets were collected from both literature and field surveys in China,in which the ranges of Cd in soil and wheat grain were 0.068–13.500 mg/kg and 0.006–2.190 mg/kg,respectively.Correlation analyses and Partial Least Squares Path Model indicated that soil Cd,soil pH,and CEC together controlled the transfer of Cd from soil to wheat.Multiple linear regression models were successfully established using soil Cd contents or bioavailable Cd(extracted by CaCl2 or calculated using a multi-surface speciation model),pH,and CEC as input variables to predict wheat Cd(RMSE¼0.242–0.327,MAE¼0.188–0.249).Furthermore,the Extreme Random Tree model(RMSE¼0.221,MAE¼0.165)outperformed the other seven machine learning algorithms.The thresholds for both soil total Cd and bioavailable Cd for safe wheat production were further back-calculated according to the permissible value of Cd in wheat grain,which demonstrated enhanced protection accuracy compared to the current soil quality standard.Our findings facilitate a quantitative assessment of Cd accumulation risk in wheat,offering a valuable reference for the safe production of wheat.
基金the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF),Project number 01 LL 0904 A-E.
文摘Tropical Arenosols may be challenging for agricultural use,particularly in semi-arid regions.The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the addition of increasing shares of biochar and clay on the nutrient sorption capacity of a tropical Arenosol.In batch equilibrium experiments,the sorption of ammonium-N(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate-N(NO_(3)^(−)-N),potassium(K^(+)),and phosphate-P(PO_(4)^(3−)-P)was quantified for mixtures of an Arenosol with increasing shares of biochar and clay(1%,2.5%,5%,10%,100%)and the unmixed Arenosol,biochar,and clay.The mid-temperature biochar was produced from Prosopis juliflora feedstock;the clayey material was taken from the sedimentary parent material of a temporarily dry lake.Only the Arenosol-biochar mixture with 10%biochar addition and the biochar increased the NH_(4)^(+)-N maximum sorption capacity(q_(max))of the Arenosol,by 34%and 130%,respectively.The q_(max)of PO_(4)^(3−)-P slightly increased with ascending biochar shares(1-10%)by 14%,30%,26%,and 42%,whereas the undiluted biochar released PO_(4)^(3−)-P.Biochar addition slightly reduced NO_(3)^(−)-N release from the Arenosol but strongly induced K^(+)release.On the other hand,clay addition of 10%and clay itself augmented q_(max)of NH_(4)^(+)-N by 30%and 162%;ascending clay rates(1-100%)increased q_(max)for PO_(4)^(3−)-P by 78%,130%,180%,268%,and 712%.Clay rates above 5%improved K^(+)sorption;however,no q_(max)values could be derived.Sorption of NO_(3)^(−)-N remained unaffected by clay amendment.Overall,clay addition proved to enhance the nutrient sorption capacity of the Arenosol more effectively than biochar;nonetheless,both materials may be promising amendments to meliorate sandy soils for agricultural use in the semi-arid tropics.
