The evolution of energy storage technology has seen remarkable progress,with a shift from pure metals to sophisticated,tailor-made active materials.The synthesis of nanostructures with exceptional properties is crucia...The evolution of energy storage technology has seen remarkable progress,with a shift from pure metals to sophisticated,tailor-made active materials.The synthesis of nanostructures with exceptional properties is crucial in the advancement of electrode materials.In this regard,our study highlights the fabrication of a novel,oriented heterostructure comprised of Zn-Mn-Co-telluride grown on a pre-oxidized copper mesh using a hydrothermal method followed by a solvothermal process.This innovative approach leads to the formation of the Zn-Mn-Cotelluride@CuO@Cu heterostructure,which demonstrates the unique oriented morphology.It outperforms both Zn-Mn-Co-telluride@Cu and CuO@Cu by exhibiting lower electrical resistivity,increased redox activity,higher specific capacity,and improved ion diffusion characteristics.The conductivity enhancements of the heterostructure are corroborated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.When utilized in a hybrid supercapacitor(HSC)alongside activated carbon(AC)electrodes,the Zn-Mn-Co-telluride@CuO@Cu heterostructurebased HSC achieves an energy density of 75.7 Wh kg^(-1).Such findings underscore the potential of these novel electrode materials to significantly impact the design of next-generation supercapacitor devices.展开更多
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is often first recognized by patients through online image searches.However,search engine algorithms influenced by geographic location may still produce results that predominantly feature lighter ...BACKGROUND Psoriasis is often first recognized by patients through online image searches.However,search engine algorithms influenced by geographic location may still produce results that predominantly feature lighter skin tones,regardless of the region’s majority skin type.This underrepresentation may limit recognition and delay care for people of color.AIM To examine whether search algorithms tailor region-specific results in terms of skin color for psoriasis imagery.METHODS This observational study recruited 66 participants from 18 countries who conducted image searches for“psoriasis”across various web browsers.During the meeting,a Google form was posted to record observations,and participants reported the diversity of skin tones in the first three rows of search results using a reference image depicting Fitzpatrick types.RESULTS Results showed a global bias toward lighter skin tones,with 94%of participants identifying light skin predominance in the first row and minimal representation of medium or darker skin tones in subsequent results,verified via χ^(2) analysis.Participants who observed darker or mixed skin tones typically found them further down their results.CONCLUSION There remains a significant gap in global representation of psoriasis imagery.This paper deepens the current understanding of bias in online media and pushes for further exploration of more inclusive dermatologic imagery.展开更多
Background:Early identification of concussion-related vision disorders(CRVDs)may improve outcomes by enabling earlier management,referral,and treatment.Objective eye tracking may provide additional data to support the...Background:Early identification of concussion-related vision disorders(CRVDs)may improve outcomes by enabling earlier management,referral,and treatment.Objective eye tracking may provide additional data to support the diagnose of CRVDs.The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of objective infrared eye tracking in identifying CRVDs among adolescents experiencing persisting post-concussive symptoms(PPCS)more than 28 days after injury.Methods:This was a prospective study of adolescents with PPCS evaluated with visio-vestibular examination(VVE),comprehensive vision examination,and an eye tracking device.Results:Of the 108 adolescents enrolled,67(62%)were diagnosed with a CRVD by comprehensive vision examination.On VVE,the near point of convergence break(5.5±3.2 cm vs.3.9±1.7 cm(mean±SD),p<0.001)and recovery(8.1±3.3 cm vs.6.8±2.3 cm,p=0.02)distinguished between those with and without CRVD.Concussion symptom provocation on VVE with horizontal saccades(35(52%)vs.12(29%),p=0.02)and horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex testing(37(55%)vs.14(34%),p=0.03),and sway on tandem gait under the forward eyes closed condition(25(37%)vs.6(15%),p=0.01)also identified those with CRVD.From the eye tracking device,the BOX score(8.1±5.8 vs.5.2±4.1,p=0.007)and a metric of the left eye tracking along the bottom of the visual target(0.094±0.500 vs.-0.124±0.410,p=0.02)identified those with CRVD,with a multivariable receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,including the BOX score,achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.7637.Conclusion:CRVDs are common in those with PPCS,with impact on recovery after concussion.Novel eye-tracking metrics can serve as an aid in the identification of those with CRVDs who would benefit from referral for comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
The modification of PAMAM( G =3 0) dendrimers was achieved by using aldehyde, benzyl chloride and trityl chloride as reaction agents, respectively. The complexes were synthesized simply by dropping TiCl 4 solution int...The modification of PAMAM( G =3 0) dendrimers was achieved by using aldehyde, benzyl chloride and trityl chloride as reaction agents, respectively. The complexes were synthesized simply by dropping TiCl 4 solution into the modified PAMAM dendrimers that were dissolved in certain solvent. The quantity of Ti contained in the complexes increased as the adding amount of TiCl 4 was increased. The polymerization of α methyl styrene catalyzed by the complexes was accomplished and it has shown that the complexes possessed catalytic function.展开更多
An azyl group of ethylene diamine was protected by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl.The remaining azyl group then successively reacted with methyl acrylate, ethylene diamine and methyl acrylate again to afford the compound Boc-N...An azyl group of ethylene diamine was protected by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl.The remaining azyl group then successively reacted with methyl acrylate, ethylene diamine and methyl acrylate again to afford the compound Boc-NH 2-(B-COOCH 3) 4 3 (AB-4).The ester groups and the Boc-end group of 3 were transferred to carboxylate 4 and azyl group 5 via hydrolyzation and deprotection respectively.The fan-shape dendron molecules with 16 exterior groups 6 were obtained by condensation of 4 and 5 in the presence of DCC.The dumbbell-like dendrimer molecules 7 could expediently prepared by coupling the dendrons with two functional groups of hexanedioyl chloride.The paper describes the synthesis procedures,reports the characterization results of FTIR、 1H-NMR、 13C-NMR and MALDI-TOF.Comparing with the PAMAM dendrimers from the divergent method, the synthesized compounds possess accurate structures and few defections.展开更多
H 2PtCl 6 was coordinated with the carboxyl-terminated G4.5PAMAM dendrimer molecules (PAMAMC) in aqueous solution,followed by reduction using NaBH 4 as reducer,and formed Pt-PAMAMC hybrid nano-particles.The stable mul...H 2PtCl 6 was coordinated with the carboxyl-terminated G4.5PAMAM dendrimer molecules (PAMAMC) in aqueous solution,followed by reduction using NaBH 4 as reducer,and formed Pt-PAMAMC hybrid nano-particles.The stable multilayer films were obtained by fabricating diazo resin(DR) with these hybrid nanoparticles (Pt-PAMAMC) and PAMAMC,respectively.The films were subsequently irradiated under UV-light.It was found that the films from Pt-PAMAMC as polyanions exhibit stable frictional responses under the applied load,and the lubricative property of the films from Pt-PAMAMC hybrid nanoparticles is obviously superior to that of the films from dendrimer without platinum inside.展开更多
An ultrathin film with forth generation poly(aminoamine)(PAMAM) dendrimers (methyl quaternary ammonium salt) as polycation and poly(sodium \%p\% styrenesulfonate) (PSS) as polyainon was fabricated \%via\% sequential d...An ultrathin film with forth generation poly(aminoamine)(PAMAM) dendrimers (methyl quaternary ammonium salt) as polycation and poly(sodium \%p\% styrenesulfonate) (PSS) as polyainon was fabricated \%via\% sequential deposition. It shows that the step by step depositions carried out smoothly by monitoring with UV Vis spectrometer. The multilayer film is rather flat with a mean roughness of \{0.39 nm\} determined by AFM. The average thickness of a bilayer is \{5.0 nm\} obtained from XRD, which indicates that the dendrimers molecules were compressed and possess high flattening.展开更多
The methyl ester terminated G1 5,2 5 and 3 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM) are hydrolyzed by using NaOH to obtain external carboxylate groups with them (PAMAMC).These dendrimers show interaction with cytochrome ...The methyl ester terminated G1 5,2 5 and 3 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM) are hydrolyzed by using NaOH to obtain external carboxylate groups with them (PAMAMC).These dendrimers show interaction with cytochrome C in some extent.For example,the reduction rate of Fe Ⅲ cytochrome C to Fe Ⅱ cytochrome C by ascorbic acid was clearly slowed down because of the interaction between cytochrome C and PAMAM dendrimers.The reaction happened only betweem Fe Ⅲ cytochrome C and ascorbic acid,it showed a pseudo first order constant of 3 48 min -1 .When PAMAMC (G2 5 or 3 5) dendrimers were added in the reaction system,the pseudo first order constant dropped to 1 40 or 1 32 ?min -1 .The association constant of 1:1 cytochrome C G2 5C is 2 4×10 4 and the association constant of 1:1 cytochrome C G3.5C is 2 6×10 4.展开更多
Compound B was synthesized through oxidative coupling reaction of p-phenylene-diamine and compound A(acetylamino-capped aniline dimer). This synthetic route protected the N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine from further rea...Compound B was synthesized through oxidative coupling reaction of p-phenylene-diamine and compound A(acetylamino-capped aniline dimer). This synthetic route protected the N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine from further reaction. The pentamer was synthesized by the hydrolysis of compound B(acetylamino-capped aniline pentamer) and was characterized by IR, elemental analysis and MALDI-TOF-MS. The chemical oxidation process of the pentamer was studied by UV-Vis spectra. It was found the pentamer was oxidized to its EB form and then to the pernigraniline oxidation state.展开更多
基金supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(No.CityU 11201522).
文摘The evolution of energy storage technology has seen remarkable progress,with a shift from pure metals to sophisticated,tailor-made active materials.The synthesis of nanostructures with exceptional properties is crucial in the advancement of electrode materials.In this regard,our study highlights the fabrication of a novel,oriented heterostructure comprised of Zn-Mn-Co-telluride grown on a pre-oxidized copper mesh using a hydrothermal method followed by a solvothermal process.This innovative approach leads to the formation of the Zn-Mn-Cotelluride@CuO@Cu heterostructure,which demonstrates the unique oriented morphology.It outperforms both Zn-Mn-Co-telluride@Cu and CuO@Cu by exhibiting lower electrical resistivity,increased redox activity,higher specific capacity,and improved ion diffusion characteristics.The conductivity enhancements of the heterostructure are corroborated by density functional theory(DFT)calculations.When utilized in a hybrid supercapacitor(HSC)alongside activated carbon(AC)electrodes,the Zn-Mn-Co-telluride@CuO@Cu heterostructurebased HSC achieves an energy density of 75.7 Wh kg^(-1).Such findings underscore the potential of these novel electrode materials to significantly impact the design of next-generation supercapacitor devices.
文摘BACKGROUND Psoriasis is often first recognized by patients through online image searches.However,search engine algorithms influenced by geographic location may still produce results that predominantly feature lighter skin tones,regardless of the region’s majority skin type.This underrepresentation may limit recognition and delay care for people of color.AIM To examine whether search algorithms tailor region-specific results in terms of skin color for psoriasis imagery.METHODS This observational study recruited 66 participants from 18 countries who conducted image searches for“psoriasis”across various web browsers.During the meeting,a Google form was posted to record observations,and participants reported the diversity of skin tones in the first three rows of search results using a reference image depicting Fitzpatrick types.RESULTS Results showed a global bias toward lighter skin tones,with 94%of participants identifying light skin predominance in the first row and minimal representation of medium or darker skin tones in subsequent results,verified via χ^(2) analysis.Participants who observed darker or mixed skin tones typically found them further down their results.CONCLUSION There remains a significant gap in global representation of psoriasis imagery.This paper deepens the current understanding of bias in online media and pushes for further exploration of more inclusive dermatologic imagery.
基金supported by funding from the National Institution of Neurological Disorders and Stroke(1R41NS103698-01A1 to CLM)。
文摘Background:Early identification of concussion-related vision disorders(CRVDs)may improve outcomes by enabling earlier management,referral,and treatment.Objective eye tracking may provide additional data to support the diagnose of CRVDs.The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of objective infrared eye tracking in identifying CRVDs among adolescents experiencing persisting post-concussive symptoms(PPCS)more than 28 days after injury.Methods:This was a prospective study of adolescents with PPCS evaluated with visio-vestibular examination(VVE),comprehensive vision examination,and an eye tracking device.Results:Of the 108 adolescents enrolled,67(62%)were diagnosed with a CRVD by comprehensive vision examination.On VVE,the near point of convergence break(5.5±3.2 cm vs.3.9±1.7 cm(mean±SD),p<0.001)and recovery(8.1±3.3 cm vs.6.8±2.3 cm,p=0.02)distinguished between those with and without CRVD.Concussion symptom provocation on VVE with horizontal saccades(35(52%)vs.12(29%),p=0.02)and horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex testing(37(55%)vs.14(34%),p=0.03),and sway on tandem gait under the forward eyes closed condition(25(37%)vs.6(15%),p=0.01)also identified those with CRVD.From the eye tracking device,the BOX score(8.1±5.8 vs.5.2±4.1,p=0.007)and a metric of the left eye tracking along the bottom of the visual target(0.094±0.500 vs.-0.124±0.410,p=0.02)identified those with CRVD,with a multivariable receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,including the BOX score,achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.7637.Conclusion:CRVDs are common in those with PPCS,with impact on recovery after concussion.Novel eye-tracking metrics can serve as an aid in the identification of those with CRVDs who would benefit from referral for comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.
文摘The modification of PAMAM( G =3 0) dendrimers was achieved by using aldehyde, benzyl chloride and trityl chloride as reaction agents, respectively. The complexes were synthesized simply by dropping TiCl 4 solution into the modified PAMAM dendrimers that were dissolved in certain solvent. The quantity of Ti contained in the complexes increased as the adding amount of TiCl 4 was increased. The polymerization of α methyl styrene catalyzed by the complexes was accomplished and it has shown that the complexes possessed catalytic function.
文摘An azyl group of ethylene diamine was protected by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl.The remaining azyl group then successively reacted with methyl acrylate, ethylene diamine and methyl acrylate again to afford the compound Boc-NH 2-(B-COOCH 3) 4 3 (AB-4).The ester groups and the Boc-end group of 3 were transferred to carboxylate 4 and azyl group 5 via hydrolyzation and deprotection respectively.The fan-shape dendron molecules with 16 exterior groups 6 were obtained by condensation of 4 and 5 in the presence of DCC.The dumbbell-like dendrimer molecules 7 could expediently prepared by coupling the dendrons with two functional groups of hexanedioyl chloride.The paper describes the synthesis procedures,reports the characterization results of FTIR、 1H-NMR、 13C-NMR and MALDI-TOF.Comparing with the PAMAM dendrimers from the divergent method, the synthesized compounds possess accurate structures and few defections.
文摘H 2PtCl 6 was coordinated with the carboxyl-terminated G4.5PAMAM dendrimer molecules (PAMAMC) in aqueous solution,followed by reduction using NaBH 4 as reducer,and formed Pt-PAMAMC hybrid nano-particles.The stable multilayer films were obtained by fabricating diazo resin(DR) with these hybrid nanoparticles (Pt-PAMAMC) and PAMAMC,respectively.The films were subsequently irradiated under UV-light.It was found that the films from Pt-PAMAMC as polyanions exhibit stable frictional responses under the applied load,and the lubricative property of the films from Pt-PAMAMC hybrid nanoparticles is obviously superior to that of the films from dendrimer without platinum inside.
文摘An ultrathin film with forth generation poly(aminoamine)(PAMAM) dendrimers (methyl quaternary ammonium salt) as polycation and poly(sodium \%p\% styrenesulfonate) (PSS) as polyainon was fabricated \%via\% sequential deposition. It shows that the step by step depositions carried out smoothly by monitoring with UV Vis spectrometer. The multilayer film is rather flat with a mean roughness of \{0.39 nm\} determined by AFM. The average thickness of a bilayer is \{5.0 nm\} obtained from XRD, which indicates that the dendrimers molecules were compressed and possess high flattening.
文摘The methyl ester terminated G1 5,2 5 and 3 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM) are hydrolyzed by using NaOH to obtain external carboxylate groups with them (PAMAMC).These dendrimers show interaction with cytochrome C in some extent.For example,the reduction rate of Fe Ⅲ cytochrome C to Fe Ⅱ cytochrome C by ascorbic acid was clearly slowed down because of the interaction between cytochrome C and PAMAM dendrimers.The reaction happened only betweem Fe Ⅲ cytochrome C and ascorbic acid,it showed a pseudo first order constant of 3 48 min -1 .When PAMAMC (G2 5 or 3 5) dendrimers were added in the reaction system,the pseudo first order constant dropped to 1 40 or 1 32 ?min -1 .The association constant of 1:1 cytochrome C G2 5C is 2 4×10 4 and the association constant of 1:1 cytochrome C G3.5C is 2 6×10 4.
文摘Compound B was synthesized through oxidative coupling reaction of p-phenylene-diamine and compound A(acetylamino-capped aniline dimer). This synthetic route protected the N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine from further reaction. The pentamer was synthesized by the hydrolysis of compound B(acetylamino-capped aniline pentamer) and was characterized by IR, elemental analysis and MALDI-TOF-MS. The chemical oxidation process of the pentamer was studied by UV-Vis spectra. It was found the pentamer was oxidized to its EB form and then to the pernigraniline oxidation state.
