Background and aim: A role for the intestinal microbial community (microbiota) in the onset and chronicity of Crohn’s disease (CD) is strongly suspected. However, investigation of such a complex ecosystem is difficul...Background and aim: A role for the intestinal microbial community (microbiota) in the onset and chronicity of Crohn’s disease (CD) is strongly suspected. However, investigation of such a complex ecosystem is difficult, even with culture independent molecular approaches. Methods: We used, for the first time, a comprehensive metagenomic approach to investigate the full range of intestinal microbial diversity. We used a fosmid vector to construct two libraries of genomic DNA isolated directly from faecal samples of six healthy donors and six patients with CD. Bacterial diversity was analysed by screening the two DNA libraries, each composed of 25 000 clones, for the 16S rRNA gene by DNA hybridisation. Results: Among 1190 selected clones, we identified 125 non-redundant ribotypes mainly represented by the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Among the Firmicutes, 43 distinct ribotypes were identified in the healthy microbiota, compared with only 13 in CD (p < 0.025). Fluorescent in situ hybridisation directly targeting 16S rRNA in faecal samples analysed individually (n = 12) confirmed the significant reduction in the proportion of bacteria belonging to this phylum in CD patients (p < 0.02). Conclusion: The metagenomic approach allowed us to detect a reduced complexity of the bacterial phylum Firmicutes as a signature of the faecal microbiota in patients with CD. It also indicated the presence of new bacterial species.展开更多
A mini-review is presented for the evidence of growth-inhibitory effects of several psychoneurotropic drugs and glucocorticoids on developing animals and humans, together with our own data obtained in experimental mod...A mini-review is presented for the evidence of growth-inhibitory effects of several psychoneurotropic drugs and glucocorticoids on developing animals and humans, together with our own data obtained in experimental models, as well as in epidemiologic studies confirming female predominance in morbidity caused by affective disorders and in consumption of some psychoneurotropic drugs. The emerging concepts of pharmacotoxicologic programming/imprinting and embedding are discussed, justifying the necessity of regional DOHaD centers.展开更多
The rapid expansion of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries has resulted in the introduction of various sources of micropollutants into the environment,posing threats to drinking water quality and public health....The rapid expansion of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries has resulted in the introduction of various sources of micropollutants into the environment,posing threats to drinking water quality and public health.Membrane separation technology offers a promising solution with low energy use,high-quality effluent,and operational simplicity.Here,we developed fluffy layered double hydroxides(LDH)/graphene oxide(GO)2D membranes,specifically tannic acid-mediated LDH-GO/GO-TA composite membranes(LG/GT).The integration of GO nanosheets regulated the growth of LDH,enhancing electron transfer and adsorption-driven catalytic performance.This design enabled LDH-GO to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)and completely degraded Rhodamine B(RhB)within 10 min.The Gaussian calculation was combined with this finding,which could explain the catalytic self-cleaning in the separation process.The TA-mediated enhancement further increased the RhB rejection of LG/GT-7.5 to 99.23%.Additionally,the needle/sheet structure significantly improved permeance to 358.28 L m^(-2) h^(-1) bar^(-1),surpassing the L/GT-7.5 performance(e.g.338.53 L m^(-2) h^(-1) bar^(-1)),indicating superior pore formation and water mass transfer.The heterostructure between GO and LDH greatly improved cycling stability,with the membrane maintaining a permeance of 282.71 L m^(-2) h^(-1) bar^(-1) and a rejection of 97.97% despite 20 cycles.This work demonstrated the potential of fluffy layered LDH 2D membranes for enhanced wastewater treatment applications.These findings suggested significant potential for practical implementation in industrial wastewater treatment processes,offering a sustainable and efficient solution to water pollution challenges.展开更多
文摘Background and aim: A role for the intestinal microbial community (microbiota) in the onset and chronicity of Crohn’s disease (CD) is strongly suspected. However, investigation of such a complex ecosystem is difficult, even with culture independent molecular approaches. Methods: We used, for the first time, a comprehensive metagenomic approach to investigate the full range of intestinal microbial diversity. We used a fosmid vector to construct two libraries of genomic DNA isolated directly from faecal samples of six healthy donors and six patients with CD. Bacterial diversity was analysed by screening the two DNA libraries, each composed of 25 000 clones, for the 16S rRNA gene by DNA hybridisation. Results: Among 1190 selected clones, we identified 125 non-redundant ribotypes mainly represented by the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Among the Firmicutes, 43 distinct ribotypes were identified in the healthy microbiota, compared with only 13 in CD (p < 0.025). Fluorescent in situ hybridisation directly targeting 16S rRNA in faecal samples analysed individually (n = 12) confirmed the significant reduction in the proportion of bacteria belonging to this phylum in CD patients (p < 0.02). Conclusion: The metagenomic approach allowed us to detect a reduced complexity of the bacterial phylum Firmicutes as a signature of the faecal microbiota in patients with CD. It also indicated the presence of new bacterial species.
文摘A mini-review is presented for the evidence of growth-inhibitory effects of several psychoneurotropic drugs and glucocorticoids on developing animals and humans, together with our own data obtained in experimental models, as well as in epidemiologic studies confirming female predominance in morbidity caused by affective disorders and in consumption of some psychoneurotropic drugs. The emerging concepts of pharmacotoxicologic programming/imprinting and embedding are discussed, justifying the necessity of regional DOHaD centers.
基金supported by Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent postdoctoral Talent(2023ZB453 and 2023ZB108)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22306075 and 22108103)Hong Kong Environment and Conservation Fund(2022-127).
文摘The rapid expansion of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries has resulted in the introduction of various sources of micropollutants into the environment,posing threats to drinking water quality and public health.Membrane separation technology offers a promising solution with low energy use,high-quality effluent,and operational simplicity.Here,we developed fluffy layered double hydroxides(LDH)/graphene oxide(GO)2D membranes,specifically tannic acid-mediated LDH-GO/GO-TA composite membranes(LG/GT).The integration of GO nanosheets regulated the growth of LDH,enhancing electron transfer and adsorption-driven catalytic performance.This design enabled LDH-GO to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)and completely degraded Rhodamine B(RhB)within 10 min.The Gaussian calculation was combined with this finding,which could explain the catalytic self-cleaning in the separation process.The TA-mediated enhancement further increased the RhB rejection of LG/GT-7.5 to 99.23%.Additionally,the needle/sheet structure significantly improved permeance to 358.28 L m^(-2) h^(-1) bar^(-1),surpassing the L/GT-7.5 performance(e.g.338.53 L m^(-2) h^(-1) bar^(-1)),indicating superior pore formation and water mass transfer.The heterostructure between GO and LDH greatly improved cycling stability,with the membrane maintaining a permeance of 282.71 L m^(-2) h^(-1) bar^(-1) and a rejection of 97.97% despite 20 cycles.This work demonstrated the potential of fluffy layered LDH 2D membranes for enhanced wastewater treatment applications.These findings suggested significant potential for practical implementation in industrial wastewater treatment processes,offering a sustainable and efficient solution to water pollution challenges.
