Currently,there is an essential need for bioresorbable bone implants with antibacterial,anti-inflammatory properties as well as osteoinductivity.Considering this,in presented study for the first time hybrid Mg-ZK coat...Currently,there is an essential need for bioresorbable bone implants with antibacterial,anti-inflammatory properties as well as osteoinductivity.Considering this,in presented study for the first time hybrid Mg-ZK coatings with polydopamine(PDA),menaquinone-7(MK-7),zoledronate(ZA)and vancomycin on the hydroxyapatite(HA)containing layer are formed.Porous coatings were obtained by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on an Mg alloy,then MK-7 was impregnated into the pores and PDA film with ZA and vancomycin was polymerized on the samples surface.The presence of HA and organic bioactive compounds was confirmed by EDS,Raman spectroscopy,XRD and XPS.Surface free energy values of hybrid coatings are close to optimal for cell adhesion:75.28±1.35 mJ/m^(2).Viability tests of the medium,in which Mg-ZK implants were soaked,revealed cytotoxic activity on human osteosarcoma cells with no such an effect on fibroblasts.Antibacterial tests showed an inhibition zone on S.aureus with no viable colonies on the hybrid coatings.The growth inhibition zones for the samples with the hybrid coating were 21±1 mm.Data of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows increase of corrosion resistance of samples with hybrid coating by 7 times comparing the Mg alloy without a coating.These properties make the hybrid Mg-ZK coating an attractive modification for bone implants.展开更多
There is increasing evidence that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may play a role in predicting recurrence in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation. In th...There is increasing evidence that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may play a role in predicting recurrence in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation. In the original study by Yan et al, it was aimed to determine whether an elevated NLR is associated with tumor recurrence. Total tumor size (> 9 cm) and macro-vascular invasion were found to be more significant than NLR according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Therefore, substantive significance should be emphasized rather than NLR because total tumor size and macro-vascular invasion are easier and more expressive than NLR in assessing HCC recurrence. NLR and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are markers which are easy to obtain and can be used as inflammation indicators. Moreover, assessment of both NLR and PLR may add some value as a good predictor of risk for post-liver transplantation HCC recurrence. However, while the study was constructed on whole blood analysis, further details about the features and performance characteristics of the whole-blood analyzer, and preanalytical/analytical variables should also be mentioned.展开更多
AIM： To explore the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten （PTEN） in liver of athymic mice with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and the effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction （FJD）. ME...AIM： To explore the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten （PTEN） in liver of athymic mice with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and the effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction （FJD）. METHODS： Forty eight male BALB/c athymic mice models were built by Bel-7402 with an indirect method. After 24 h of postoperation, the 48 athymic mice were distributed randomly into 4 groups： A, B, C, D, each group had 12 athymic mice. Group A were were treated by intragastric administration with FT207 （Tegafur） for 4 wk. Group B, C and D were treated by intragastric administration with FJD （complex prescription of Chinese crude drug） that had been delegated into 3 kinds of density as the low, middle, and high for 4 wk. At last, athymic mice were put to death, live time, volume of tumors, exponent of tumors and the tumor metastasis in livers were observed; and PTEN was detected in hepatic tissue, latero-cancer tissue and cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Four weeks later, the total survival rate in treatment group （A ＋ B ＋ C） was 50% and higher than the control group （0%） treated by FT207, （P 〈 0.01）. The survival rate in group A, B, C was higher than in group D, and except group A with D, there was significant differentces （Fisher＇s Exact Test P = 0.05 or 0.01）. And no differences were observed between the treatment groups and the control group in volume of tumors and exponent of tumors （P 〉 0.05）. Tumor metastasis in livers of the treatment group was less than the controls （Fisher＇s Exact Test, P = 0.021）. The result of immunohistochemistry showed that the intensity of PTEN in latero-cancer tissue was the highest, and then the hepatic tissue, the lowest was cancer tissue （Kruskal- Wallis test, X^2 = 60.67, P = 0.000）. It also showed that the intensity of PTEN in treatment groups （A, B, C） was higher than the control group （D） （F = 5.90, P = 0.002 in hepatic tissue and F = 15.99, P = 0.000 in latero-cancer tissue and X^2 = 26.08, P = 0.000 in cancer tissue）, and group B is the highest in the treatment groups （P 〈 0.05, r = 0.01. respectively）. However, there was no significant statistic difference between group A and group C （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： FJD can prolong the survival time and decrease tumor metastasis in livers of these experimental mice. Mechanisms of FJD healing HCC may partially be explained by enhancing the expression of PTEN in liver.展开更多
Red cell distribution width (RDW) may play an important role in predicting steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. In the original study, it was aimed to determine whether RDW could be used for this purpose or not. There ...Red cell distribution width (RDW) may play an important role in predicting steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. In the original study, it was aimed to determine whether RDW could be used for this purpose or not. There are studies indicating that higher RDW is correlated well with components of metabolic syndrome. Because nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is now recognized as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, possible impact of the accompanying confounders on the study findings should have been detailed. There may be a patient selection bias due to use of improper cut-off values for alcohol consumption and inclusion of only subjects with normal aminotransferase levels and normal abdominal ultrasonography. Patients without hepatosteatosis on ultrasonography and with any restriction of aminotransferase levels should have been included in the control group, because isolated aminotransferase elevation is not decisive in the diagnosis of hepatosteatosis. Although iron, vitamin B<sub>12</sub> and folic acid deficiencies were included in exclusion criteria, functional forms of these molecules like methylmalonic acid, homocysteine, ferritin levels and total iron binding capacity, which are more sensitive and specific parameters for vitamin B<sub>12</sub> and folic acid deficiencies, were not mentioned. Consequently, RDW, an inexpensive, non-invasive, but powerful indicator overlooked on whole blood analysis, itself without other inflammatory markers may not accurately provide information about progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.展开更多
According to the classification presented by Lehmann BD(2016),triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with four specific subtypes:basal-like(subtype 1 and subtype 2),mesenchymal...According to the classification presented by Lehmann BD(2016),triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with four specific subtypes:basal-like(subtype 1 and subtype 2),mesenchymal,and luminal androgen receptor(LAR)subtypes.The basal-like subtypes of carcinomas predominate in this group,accounting for up to 80%of all cases.Despite the significantly lower proportions of mesenchymal and LAR variants in the group of breast carcinomas with a TNBC profile,such tumors are characterized by aggressive biological behavior.To this end,the LAR subtype is of particular interest,since the literature on such tumors presents different and even contradictory data concerning the disease course and prognosis.This review is devoted to the analysis of the relevant literature,reflecting the main results of studies on the molecular properties and clinical features of the disease course of LAR-type TNBC carcinomas.展开更多
The present study investigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behavior in vitro and in vivo,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on...The present study investigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behavior in vitro and in vivo,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on MA8 magnesium alloy.The obtained coatings demonstrate in vivo biocompatibility and in vitro bioactivity.Compared to the base PEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the development of apatite in simulated body fluid,suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles improves bioactivity of the coatings.It was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the formed layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the PEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in vivo.Based on in vivo studies,these coatings also provide favorable tissue response and minimal inflammatory reaction in comparison with the bare magnesium alloy due to protection of living tissues from deleterious corrosion events of magnesium implant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen evolution.The results obtained in the present study concluded biocompatibility,tissue integration of the PEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles making them a promising protective layer for biodegradable magnesium implants.展开更多
Objective China is among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis(TB)worldwide,and TB remains a public health concern.Kashgar Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is considered as one of th...Objective China is among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis(TB)worldwide,and TB remains a public health concern.Kashgar Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is considered as one of the highest TB burden regions in China.However,molecular epidemiological studies of Kashgar are lacking.Methods A population-based retrospective study was conducted using whole-genome sequencing(WGS)to determine the characteristics of drug resistance and the transmission patterns.Results A total of 1,668 isolates collected in 2020 were classified into lineages 2(46.0%),3(27.5%),and 4(26.5%).The drug resistance rates revealed by WGS showed that the top three drugs in terms of the resistance rate were isoniazid(7.4%,124/1,668),streptomycin(6.0%,100/1,668),and rifampicin(3.3%,55/1,668).The rate of rifampicin resistance was 1.8%(23/1,290)in the new cases and 9.4%(32/340)in the previously treated cases.Known resistance mutations were detected more frequently in lineage 2 strains than in lineage 3 or 4 strains,respectively:18.6%vs.8.7 or 9%,P<0.001.The estimated proportion of recent transmissions was 25.9%(432/1,668).Multivariate logistic analyses indicated that sex,age,occupation,lineage,and drug resistance were the risk factors for recent transmission.Despite the low rate of drug resistance,drug-resistant strains had a higher risk of recent transmission than the susceptible strains(adjusted odds ratio,1.414;95%CI,1.023–1.954;P=0.036).Among all patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis(DR-TB),78.4%(171/218)were attributed to the transmission of DR-TB strains.Conclusion Our results suggest that drug-resistant strains are more transmissible than susceptible strains and that transmission is the major driving force of the current DR-TB epidemic in Kashgar.展开更多
Objective:To investigate and compare the demographic characteristics,clinical findings,and laboratory results of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)and extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB)patients,among Turkish citizens,and fore...Objective:To investigate and compare the demographic characteristics,clinical findings,and laboratory results of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)and extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB)patients,among Turkish citizens,and foreign nationals.Methods:This study included patients aged 18 and over,both Turkish citizens and foreign nationals,diagnosed with PTB or EPTB between 2016 and 2022.All patients were divided into PTB and EPTB group,and demographic characteristics,clinical findings,and laboratory results were compared.Patients with both PTB and EPTB were not included in the comparison.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for PTB.Results:Among the 261 TB cases included,46 patients(17.6%)had PTB,and 188(72%)had EPTB.The percentage of female patients was significantly higher(P=0.003)in EPTB compared to PTB group.While the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(P=0.002),hypertension(P=0.017),coronary obstructive pulmonary disease(P=0.001),congestive heart failure(P=0.005),coronary artery disease(P=0.001)and immunosuppressive medication use(P=0.017)were significantly higher in PTB patients than in EPTB patients.Multivariate logistical analysis reveals that male(OR 2.6,95%CI 1.3-5.5,P=0.009),diabetes mellitus(OR 2.7,95%CI 1.2-6.1,P=0.015),and asthma(OR 6.3,95%CI 1.2-33.9,P=0.032)were associated with an increased risk of PTB.Social security coverage(P<0.001)and regular employment status(P<0.001)were found to be lower and the presence of multidrug resistance(P=0.002),isoniazid resistance(P=0.012),and rifampin resistance(P=0.012)were found to be significantly higher in foreign-national TB patients comparing with Turkiye citizens.Conclusions:Patients with PTB need to be evaluated for comorbidities and PTB should be investigated in men,in patients with diabetes mellitus or asthma if there are clinical findings suspicious for TB.TB screening for foreign nationals upon entry into the country is essential for TB control and elimination.展开更多
This study aimed to use computer simulation to describe the fluid dynamic characteristics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome（OSAS） and to evaluate the difference between during quiet respiration and t...This study aimed to use computer simulation to describe the fluid dynamic characteristics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome（OSAS） and to evaluate the difference between during quiet respiration and the Muller maneuver（MM）. Seven patients with OSAS were involved to perform computed tomographic（CT） scanning during quiet respiration and the MM. CT data in DICOM format were transformed into an anatomically three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics（CFD） model of the upper airway. The velocity magnitude, relative pressure, and flow distribution were obtained. Numerical simulation of airflow was performed to discuss how the MM affected airflow in the upper airway. To measure the discrepancy, the SPSS19.0 software package was utilized for statistic analysis. The results showed that the shape of the upper airway became narrower, and the pressure decreased during the MM. The minimal cross-sectional area（MCSA） of velopharynx was significantly decreased（P〈0.05） and the airflow velocity in MCSAs of velopharynx and glossopharynx significantly accelerated（P〈0.05） during the MM. This study demonstrated the possibility of CFD model combined with the MM for understanding pharyngeal aerodynamics in the pathophysiology of OSAS.展开更多
In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(S...In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus),was impregnated into the coating.Samples with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against S.aureus.The mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were performed.According to SEM,EDS,XRD and XPS data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high biocompatibility.The analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirming the high roughness of the samples.During electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was revealed.According to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by encapsulation.Antibiotic release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day 28.Throughout the experiment,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.展开更多
背景:西伯利亚的托木斯克州。目的:评估对WHO的Ⅰ类新结核病患者应用个体化俄罗斯治疗方案和短程化疗(SCC)方案的成本-效益。设计:分析家庭、社会作为一个整体所提供的两种治疗方法的成本,和住院2周(患者理论上不合作危险小)及2个月(患...背景:西伯利亚的托木斯克州。目的:评估对WHO的Ⅰ类新结核病患者应用个体化俄罗斯治疗方案和短程化疗(SCC)方案的成本-效益。设计:分析家庭、社会作为一个整体所提供的两种治疗方法的成本,和住院2周(患者理论上不合作危险小)及2个月(患者理论上有不合作危险)的SCC的敏感性分析。结果以每个治愈病例的费用和挽救生命年(year of life saved)测量,治愈率以当地实施的试验为基础。结果:应用个体化俄罗斯治疗方案每个治愈患者的 费用为2295美元,与此相比,与此相比,应用SCC为1901美元。每个挽救生命年的费用分别为123美元和103美元。每个治愈患者的费用应用SCC住院治疗2个月为1457美元、2周为556美元,每挽救生命年的费用分别为79美元和30美元。结论:在托木斯克采用含2周和2个月住院治疗的SCC,能达到与用俄罗斯治疗方案相似的治愈率,同时社会和家庭两者均节省了大量的开支。展开更多
BACKGROUND Bradyarrhythmias are typically treated with permanent pacemakers(PM). The elimination of bradyarrhythmia by PM implantation improves the patient’s quality of life and prognosis, but it can also result in a...BACKGROUND Bradyarrhythmias are typically treated with permanent pacemakers(PM). The elimination of bradyarrhythmia by PM implantation improves the patient’s quality of life and prognosis, but it can also result in a number of sequalae. It is still unclear how PM implantation affects the hemostasis system’s parameters and how such parameters relate to different consequences after PM placement.AIM To assess the blood coagulation factor activity in PM patients throughout the perioperative period.METHODS Patients treated in the Department of Surgical Therapy of Cardiac Arrhythmias and Pacing at the Ryazan State "Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary" from April 2020 to December 2021 were included in the study. Before surgery, 7 and 30 d after PM placement, peripheral venous blood samples were withdrawn to measure the level of blood coagulation factor Ⅰ(FⅠ) and the activity of blood coagulation factors Ⅱ(FⅡ), Ⅴ(FⅤ), Ⅶ(FⅦ), Ⅷ(FⅧ), ⅸ(Fⅸ), ⅹ(Fⅹ), Ⅺ(FⅪ), Ⅻ(FⅫ). We used an automatic coagulometer Sysmex CA 660(Sysmex Europe, Germany) and reagents from Siemens(Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, Germany).RESULTS The study included 146 patients. The activity of factors FⅤ [147.7(102.1-247.55)% vs 103.85(60-161.6)% vs 81.8(67.15-130.65)%, P = 0.002], FⅧ [80.4(60.15-106.25)% vs 70.3(48.5-89.1)% vs 63.7(41.6-88.25)%, P = 0.039], Fⅸ [86.2(70.75-102.95)% vs 75.4(59.2-88.3)% vs 73.9(56.45-93.05)%, P = 0.014], Fⅹ [188.9(99.3-308.18)% vs 158.9(83.3-230)% vs 127.2(95.25-209.35)%, P = 0.022], FⅪ [82.6(63.9-103.6)% vs 69.75(53.8-97.6)% vs 67.3(54.25-98.05)%, P = 0.002], FⅫ [87.6(67.15-102.3)% vs 78.9(63.4-97.05)% vs 81.2(62.15-97.4)%, P < 0.001] decreased at 7 and 30 d after surgery;FⅡ activity [157.9(109.7-245.25)% vs 130(86.8-192.5)% vs 144.8(103.31-185.6)%, P = 0.021] decreased at 7 d and increased at 30 d postoperatively. There were no statistically significant changes in the FVII activity within 30 d after PM placement [182.2(85.1-344.8)% vs 157.2(99.1-259)% vs 108.9(74.9-219.8)%, P = 0.128]. Subgroup analysis revealed similar changes only in patients on anticoagulant therapy. FⅫ activity decreased in patients on antiplatelet therapy [82(65.8-101.9)% vs 79.9(63.3-97.1)% vs 89.7(75.7-102.5)%, P = 0.01] 7 d after surgery, returning to baseline values at 30 d postoperatively.CONCLUSION PM placement and anticoagulant therapy were associated with decreased activity of clotting factors FⅤ, FⅧ, Fⅸ, Fⅹ, FⅪ, FⅫ in the postoperative period. FⅧ activity did not decrease within 30 d after PM placement, which may indicate endothelial injury caused by lead placement.展开更多
Non-communicable diseases(NCDs)are commonly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFL/NAFLD)for which no drugs or specific food are available either to control or to cure.We enco...Non-communicable diseases(NCDs)are commonly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFL/NAFLD)for which no drugs or specific food are available either to control or to cure.We encounter promising results with NGTRF in nutritional Management of NAFLD and diabetes.Objective is to compare the effect of using NGTRF over routine western management(RWM)and Hela Nila Wedakama(HNW)patients with NCD,including metabolic syndrome,are prescribed NGTRF(produced by Hela Suwaya)and followed up.The five therapeutic categories are(1)RWM alone;(2)NGTRF alone;(3)NGTRF+RWM(in Galle);(4)NGTRF+RWM(in Gampaha);(5)NGTRF+RWM+HNW.According to clinical,biochemical and radiological profiles,majority of categoroes 2,3,4 and 5 are either controlled or cured effectively and sustainably compared to category 01.Preliminary evidence shows that effectiveness and sustainability of prescribing NGTRF is better.According to“Hela Suwaya”knowledge,genetic basis of food(conventional vs.traditional)and agronomic practices should be strongly considered while prescribing food.Traditional rice grown with toxin free Hela Suwaya“Hela Govithena”technology improves the micronutrient,prebiotic,probiotic and antioxidant profiles of food.Agrochemical farming reduces these parameters by reducing soil pH and biota.Functional foods produced by Hela Suwaya post-harvest food technology(such as rice-based porridge)will further improve these nutritional profiles.The resulting optimization of the disturbed liver function is the key factor behind this beneficial effect on whole NCD spectrum.This is observed as cured or reduced NAFL/NAFLD.We have already planned controlled clinical trials for further confirmation.Proper food-based intervention is therefore strongly suggested.展开更多
The present study was conducted in four districts of Telangana State of India with 120 respondents in which 60 were members and other 60 were non-members of DCSs （Dairy Co-operative Societies）/MPIs （Milk Producer I...The present study was conducted in four districts of Telangana State of India with 120 respondents in which 60 were members and other 60 were non-members of DCSs （Dairy Co-operative Societies）/MPIs （Milk Producer Institutions）. Constraints perceived in dairy farming and suggestions elicited by members and non-members were noted, tabulated and analyzed. The major constraints perceived by half or more than half of members were scarcity of water （91.67%）, lack of green fodder （88.33%）, preferring NS （natural service） than AI （Artificial Insemination） （83.33%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （81.37%）, insufficient loan amount （78.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （71.67%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （70.00%）, lack of remunerative price for milk （66.67%）, high cost of feed （61.67%）, lack of fodder conservation （55.00%） and high cost of animals （50.00%）. Whereas major constraints perceived by non-members were scarcity of water （96.67%）, lack of green fodder （93.33%）, preferring NS than AI （88.33%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （85.00%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （83.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （78.33%）, high cost of animals （75.00%）, complex procedure for obtaining loans （71.67%） and high cost of feed （66.67%）. Suggestions elicited by members majorly were providing subsidy for purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （81.67%）, enhancing the procurement price （70.00%）, providing more incentives （60.00%）, encouraging calf rearing （58.33%） and conducting frequent animal health camps （50.00%）. In case of non-members major suggestions elicited were conducting frequent animal health camps （68.33%） and providing subsidy on purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （58.33%）. Considering the above constraints perceived and suggestions elicited by dairy farmers a proper linkage strategy should be developed among private and public sectors in providing need based services to the dairy farmers.展开更多
Guided bone regeneration(GBR)is widely applied in implant dentistry,employing barrier membranes to create an osteogenic space by preventing gingival tissue ingrowth.However,this method does not enhance the oste-ogenic...Guided bone regeneration(GBR)is widely applied in implant dentistry,employing barrier membranes to create an osteogenic space by preventing gingival tissue ingrowth.However,this method does not enhance the oste-ogenic capacity of osteoblasts,limiting sufficient bone volume in larger defects.Inspired by axolotl limb regeneration,abundant soft tissue-derived stem cells mobilized to the defect may facilitate comprehensive osteogenesis within a BMP-2-enriched environment.We developed a biomimetic channel system(BCS)to pro-mote alveolar bone regeneration,using channel structures to activate gingival-derived stem cells under a BMP-2-enriched biological barrier.In a cell-tracing mouse model,Prrx1+stem cells demonstrated a critical role in BMP-2-induced subcutaneous osteogenesis.Sequencing and histological analyses revealed that channel structures significantly enhance soft tissue cell proliferation and migration.Attributable to the biological barrier,BCS applications markedly improved bone formation in beagle mandibular defects.These results suggest a novel osteoinductive strategy for alveolar bone regeneration that functions without a traditional barrier membrane.展开更多
Background:The ASTRUM-005 study previously demonstrated a signifi-cant overall survival(OS)benefit with serplulimab(a programmed death1 inhibitor)plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in previouslyuntreated exte...Background:The ASTRUM-005 study previously demonstrated a signifi-cant overall survival(OS)benefit with serplulimab(a programmed death1 inhibitor)plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in previouslyuntreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer(ES-SCLC).Here,we reportupdated efficacy and safety results after an extended median follow-up of 19.8months,along with the first report on findings from exploratory biomarkeranalyses.Methods:A total of 585 patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive4.5 mg/kg serplulimab(n=389)or placebo(n=196)intravenously every 3weeks,together with carboplatin and etoposide.The primary endpoint was OS.In addition,genomic profiling was performed to identify mutated genes,and quantitative serum proteome profiling was conducted to identify differ-entially expressed proteins(DEPs)between responders and non-responders ofserplulimab plus chemotherapy.Regression analysis was subsequently used toconstruct a protein signature based on the DEPs.The associations betweenefficacy outcomes(objective response rate[ORR],OS,and progression-free sur-vival[PFS])and gene mutation status or DEP expression were also examinedwith regression analysis.Furthermore,the prognostic value of hematologicalparameters was evaluated.Results:In the intent-to-treat population,the median OS was 15.8 monthsin the serplulimab group versus 11.1 months in the placebo group(haz-ard ratio,0.62;95%confidence interval,0.50-0.76;P<0.001).We identified181 DEPs between responders and non-responders in the serplulimab group,from which a 15-protein signature was constructed.In the serplulimab group,patients with a higher 15-protein signature score were associated with sig-nificantly longer OS and PFS.Also,patients harboring tumor-suppressorretinoblastoma-1(RB1)mutations or mutations in Notch pathway membersshowed improved ORR,OS,or PFS compared with their wild-type counter-parts.Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)level were independent prognosticators of patients with ES-SCLC.Conclusions:First-line serplulimab provided a sustained clinical benefit overplacebo in patients with ES-SCLC.A 15-protein signature and mutations in RB1or Notch pathway genes may serve as predictive biomarkers for benefits fromserplulimab plus chemotherapy,while baseline NLR and LDH were independentprognosticators for ES-SCLC.展开更多
Introduction:National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)plays an important role in the early detection and control of tuberculosis(TB)in China.This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of pulmona...Introduction:National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)plays an important role in the early detection and control of tuberculosis(TB)in China.This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)in Kashgar Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autnomous Region,China from 2011 to 2020 to provide a scientific basis for developing TB control strategies and measures in Kashgar.Methods:The data were collected from the NNDRS,which included the geographical distribution,age,sex,occupation,and pathogenic classification of reported PTB cases in 12 counties/cities of Kashgar Prefecture from 2011 to 2020.Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristic of PTB epidemic in Kashgar.Results:There were 189,416 PTB cases reported during 2011–2020,with a mean annual PTB case notification rate(CNR)of 451.29/100,000.A rising trend in the rate of reported PTB between 2011 and 2017(χ2 trend=26.09,P<0.01)and a declining trend between 2018 and 2020(χ2 trend=314.44,P<0.01)were observed.The months with the highest reported number of PTB cases were March to May and November to December.The mean annual rate of reported PTB was 451.88/100,000 for males and 450.67/100,000 for females.In addition,19.76%of patients were bacteriologically-confirmed(Bac+)cases(37,425/189,416),and the mean annual Bac+CNR was 89.17/100,000,rising from 64.76/100,000 in 2011 to 139.12/100,000 in 2020(χ^(2)_(trend)=74.44,P<0.01).Conclusions:The CNR of reported PTB in Kashgar showed a significant declining trend in the past three years.Males,elderly population,winter and spring,and farmers as an occupation were the main factors associated with high incidence of tuberculosis in Kashgar.Targeted prevention and treatment of TB should be strengthened in key groups in this region.展开更多
Background and Aims:Lifestyle(exercise and dietary)modification is the mainstay of treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).However,there is paucity of data on effect of intensity of exercise in manageme...Background and Aims:Lifestyle(exercise and dietary)modification is the mainstay of treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).However,there is paucity of data on effect of intensity of exercise in management of NAFLD,and we aimed to study the effect of variable intensities of exercise on NAFLD.Methods:The study was performed in the Department of Gastroenterology of the SCB Medical Col-lege,Cuttack and the Biju Patnaik State Police Academy,Bhu-baneswar.The subjects were police trainees[18 in a moderate intensity exercise group(MIG)and 19 in a low in-tensity exercise group(LIG)]recruited for a 6-month physical training course(261.8 Kcalorie,3.6 metabolic equivalent in MIG and 153.6 Kcalorie,2.1 metabolic equivalent in LIG).NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography,with exclusion of all secondary causes of steatosis.All participants were eval-uated by anthropometry(weight,height,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference),assessed for blood pressure and biochemical parameters(blood glucose,liver function test,lipid profile,serum insulin),and subjected to transabdo-minal ultrasonography before and after 6 months of physical training,and the results were compared.Results:Both the groups had similar BMI,fasting plasma glucose,AST,gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase,insulin,and homeostatic model as-sessment-insulin resistance(known as HOMA-IR)(p>0.05).However,subjects in the LIG were older and had lower alanine transaminase,higher triglycerides and lower high-density lip-oproteins than MIG subjects.There was a significant reduc-tion in BMI(27.0±2.1 to 26.8±2.0;p=0.001),fasting blood glucose(106.7±21.6 to 85.8±19.0;p<0.001),serum trigly-cerides(167.5±56.7 to 124.6±63.5;p=0.017),total choles-terol(216.8±29.2 to 196.7±26.6;p=0.037),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(134.6±21.4 to 130.5±21.9;p=0.010),serum aspartate transaminase(39.3±32.2 to 30.9±11.4;p<0.001),serum alanine transaminase(56.6±28.7 to 33.0±11.3;p<0.001)and HOMA-IR(2.63±2.66 to 1.70±2.59;p<0.001)in the MIG.However,changes in these parameters in the LIG were non-significant.Hepatic steatosis regressed in 66.7%of the NAFLD subjects in the MIG but in only 26.3%of the LIG NAFLD subjects(p=0.030).Conclusions:Moderate rather than low intensity physical activity causes sig-nificant improvement in BMI,serum triglycerides,cholesterol,serum transaminases and HOMA-IR,and regression of ultraso-nographic fatty change in liver among NAFLD subjects.展开更多
基金The formation of coatingsas well as SEM,EDS,FIB,Raman spectroscopy,XRD,XPS,EIS,IR spectra,release studies and antibacterial studies were supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant No 22-73-10149,https://rscf.ru/project/22-73-10149/The wettability studies,all viability tests,alizarin red assay,evaluation of inflammatory activity and adhesion tests were supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant No 23-13-00329,https://rscf.ru/project/23-13-00329/。
文摘Currently,there is an essential need for bioresorbable bone implants with antibacterial,anti-inflammatory properties as well as osteoinductivity.Considering this,in presented study for the first time hybrid Mg-ZK coatings with polydopamine(PDA),menaquinone-7(MK-7),zoledronate(ZA)and vancomycin on the hydroxyapatite(HA)containing layer are formed.Porous coatings were obtained by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on an Mg alloy,then MK-7 was impregnated into the pores and PDA film with ZA and vancomycin was polymerized on the samples surface.The presence of HA and organic bioactive compounds was confirmed by EDS,Raman spectroscopy,XRD and XPS.Surface free energy values of hybrid coatings are close to optimal for cell adhesion:75.28±1.35 mJ/m^(2).Viability tests of the medium,in which Mg-ZK implants were soaked,revealed cytotoxic activity on human osteosarcoma cells with no such an effect on fibroblasts.Antibacterial tests showed an inhibition zone on S.aureus with no viable colonies on the hybrid coatings.The growth inhibition zones for the samples with the hybrid coating were 21±1 mm.Data of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows increase of corrosion resistance of samples with hybrid coating by 7 times comparing the Mg alloy without a coating.These properties make the hybrid Mg-ZK coating an attractive modification for bone implants.
文摘There is increasing evidence that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may play a role in predicting recurrence in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation. In the original study by Yan et al, it was aimed to determine whether an elevated NLR is associated with tumor recurrence. Total tumor size (> 9 cm) and macro-vascular invasion were found to be more significant than NLR according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Therefore, substantive significance should be emphasized rather than NLR because total tumor size and macro-vascular invasion are easier and more expressive than NLR in assessing HCC recurrence. NLR and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are markers which are easy to obtain and can be used as inflammation indicators. Moreover, assessment of both NLR and PLR may add some value as a good predictor of risk for post-liver transplantation HCC recurrence. However, while the study was constructed on whole blood analysis, further details about the features and performance characteristics of the whole-blood analyzer, and preanalytical/analytical variables should also be mentioned.
基金Supported by the Technological Planning Program of Guangdong Province China, No. 2005B33001040 Programs of Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province, No. 1040056 and 301014
文摘AIM： To explore the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten （PTEN） in liver of athymic mice with hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and the effect of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction （FJD）. METHODS： Forty eight male BALB/c athymic mice models were built by Bel-7402 with an indirect method. After 24 h of postoperation, the 48 athymic mice were distributed randomly into 4 groups： A, B, C, D, each group had 12 athymic mice. Group A were were treated by intragastric administration with FT207 （Tegafur） for 4 wk. Group B, C and D were treated by intragastric administration with FJD （complex prescription of Chinese crude drug） that had been delegated into 3 kinds of density as the low, middle, and high for 4 wk. At last, athymic mice were put to death, live time, volume of tumors, exponent of tumors and the tumor metastasis in livers were observed; and PTEN was detected in hepatic tissue, latero-cancer tissue and cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Four weeks later, the total survival rate in treatment group （A ＋ B ＋ C） was 50% and higher than the control group （0%） treated by FT207, （P 〈 0.01）. The survival rate in group A, B, C was higher than in group D, and except group A with D, there was significant differentces （Fisher＇s Exact Test P = 0.05 or 0.01）. And no differences were observed between the treatment groups and the control group in volume of tumors and exponent of tumors （P 〉 0.05）. Tumor metastasis in livers of the treatment group was less than the controls （Fisher＇s Exact Test, P = 0.021）. The result of immunohistochemistry showed that the intensity of PTEN in latero-cancer tissue was the highest, and then the hepatic tissue, the lowest was cancer tissue （Kruskal- Wallis test, X^2 = 60.67, P = 0.000）. It also showed that the intensity of PTEN in treatment groups （A, B, C） was higher than the control group （D） （F = 5.90, P = 0.002 in hepatic tissue and F = 15.99, P = 0.000 in latero-cancer tissue and X^2 = 26.08, P = 0.000 in cancer tissue）, and group B is the highest in the treatment groups （P 〈 0.05, r = 0.01. respectively）. However, there was no significant statistic difference between group A and group C （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： FJD can prolong the survival time and decrease tumor metastasis in livers of these experimental mice. Mechanisms of FJD healing HCC may partially be explained by enhancing the expression of PTEN in liver.
文摘Red cell distribution width (RDW) may play an important role in predicting steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. In the original study, it was aimed to determine whether RDW could be used for this purpose or not. There are studies indicating that higher RDW is correlated well with components of metabolic syndrome. Because nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is now recognized as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, possible impact of the accompanying confounders on the study findings should have been detailed. There may be a patient selection bias due to use of improper cut-off values for alcohol consumption and inclusion of only subjects with normal aminotransferase levels and normal abdominal ultrasonography. Patients without hepatosteatosis on ultrasonography and with any restriction of aminotransferase levels should have been included in the control group, because isolated aminotransferase elevation is not decisive in the diagnosis of hepatosteatosis. Although iron, vitamin B<sub>12</sub> and folic acid deficiencies were included in exclusion criteria, functional forms of these molecules like methylmalonic acid, homocysteine, ferritin levels and total iron binding capacity, which are more sensitive and specific parameters for vitamin B<sub>12</sub> and folic acid deficiencies, were not mentioned. Consequently, RDW, an inexpensive, non-invasive, but powerful indicator overlooked on whole blood analysis, itself without other inflammatory markers may not accurately provide information about progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.
文摘According to the classification presented by Lehmann BD(2016),triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with four specific subtypes:basal-like(subtype 1 and subtype 2),mesenchymal,and luminal androgen receptor(LAR)subtypes.The basal-like subtypes of carcinomas predominate in this group,accounting for up to 80%of all cases.Despite the significantly lower proportions of mesenchymal and LAR variants in the group of breast carcinomas with a TNBC profile,such tumors are characterized by aggressive biological behavior.To this end,the LAR subtype is of particular interest,since the literature on such tumors presents different and even contradictory data concerning the disease course and prognosis.This review is devoted to the analysis of the relevant literature,reflecting the main results of studies on the molecular properties and clinical features of the disease course of LAR-type TNBC carcinomas.
基金The formation of coatings,as well as SEM,EDS,FTIR spectroscopy and mechanical studies was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant No.22-73-10149,https://rscf.ru/project/22-73-10149/The electrochemical studies,in vitro and in vivo studies was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No.23-13-00329,https://rscf.ru/project/23-13-00329/。
文摘The present study investigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behavior in vitro and in vivo,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on MA8 magnesium alloy.The obtained coatings demonstrate in vivo biocompatibility and in vitro bioactivity.Compared to the base PEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the development of apatite in simulated body fluid,suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles improves bioactivity of the coatings.It was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the formed layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the PEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in vivo.Based on in vivo studies,these coatings also provide favorable tissue response and minimal inflammatory reaction in comparison with the bare magnesium alloy due to protection of living tissues from deleterious corrosion events of magnesium implant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen evolution.The results obtained in the present study concluded biocompatibility,tissue integration of the PEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles making them a promising protective layer for biodegradable magnesium implants.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China [2022YFC2305200]Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region [2021A01D145 and 2022D01A115]Applied Technology Research and Development Programing Project of Kashgar Prefecture [KS2021031 and KS2021034]。
文摘Objective China is among the 30 countries with a high burden of tuberculosis(TB)worldwide,and TB remains a public health concern.Kashgar Prefecture in the southern Xinjiang Autonomous Region is considered as one of the highest TB burden regions in China.However,molecular epidemiological studies of Kashgar are lacking.Methods A population-based retrospective study was conducted using whole-genome sequencing(WGS)to determine the characteristics of drug resistance and the transmission patterns.Results A total of 1,668 isolates collected in 2020 were classified into lineages 2(46.0%),3(27.5%),and 4(26.5%).The drug resistance rates revealed by WGS showed that the top three drugs in terms of the resistance rate were isoniazid(7.4%,124/1,668),streptomycin(6.0%,100/1,668),and rifampicin(3.3%,55/1,668).The rate of rifampicin resistance was 1.8%(23/1,290)in the new cases and 9.4%(32/340)in the previously treated cases.Known resistance mutations were detected more frequently in lineage 2 strains than in lineage 3 or 4 strains,respectively:18.6%vs.8.7 or 9%,P<0.001.The estimated proportion of recent transmissions was 25.9%(432/1,668).Multivariate logistic analyses indicated that sex,age,occupation,lineage,and drug resistance were the risk factors for recent transmission.Despite the low rate of drug resistance,drug-resistant strains had a higher risk of recent transmission than the susceptible strains(adjusted odds ratio,1.414;95%CI,1.023–1.954;P=0.036).Among all patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis(DR-TB),78.4%(171/218)were attributed to the transmission of DR-TB strains.Conclusion Our results suggest that drug-resistant strains are more transmissible than susceptible strains and that transmission is the major driving force of the current DR-TB epidemic in Kashgar.
文摘Objective:To investigate and compare the demographic characteristics,clinical findings,and laboratory results of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)and extrapulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB)patients,among Turkish citizens,and foreign nationals.Methods:This study included patients aged 18 and over,both Turkish citizens and foreign nationals,diagnosed with PTB or EPTB between 2016 and 2022.All patients were divided into PTB and EPTB group,and demographic characteristics,clinical findings,and laboratory results were compared.Patients with both PTB and EPTB were not included in the comparison.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for PTB.Results:Among the 261 TB cases included,46 patients(17.6%)had PTB,and 188(72%)had EPTB.The percentage of female patients was significantly higher(P=0.003)in EPTB compared to PTB group.While the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(P=0.002),hypertension(P=0.017),coronary obstructive pulmonary disease(P=0.001),congestive heart failure(P=0.005),coronary artery disease(P=0.001)and immunosuppressive medication use(P=0.017)were significantly higher in PTB patients than in EPTB patients.Multivariate logistical analysis reveals that male(OR 2.6,95%CI 1.3-5.5,P=0.009),diabetes mellitus(OR 2.7,95%CI 1.2-6.1,P=0.015),and asthma(OR 6.3,95%CI 1.2-33.9,P=0.032)were associated with an increased risk of PTB.Social security coverage(P<0.001)and regular employment status(P<0.001)were found to be lower and the presence of multidrug resistance(P=0.002),isoniazid resistance(P=0.012),and rifampin resistance(P=0.012)were found to be significantly higher in foreign-national TB patients comparing with Turkiye citizens.Conclusions:Patients with PTB need to be evaluated for comorbidities and PTB should be investigated in men,in patients with diabetes mellitus or asthma if there are clinical findings suspicious for TB.TB screening for foreign nationals upon entry into the country is essential for TB control and elimination.
基金supported by grants from Shanghai College Young Teacher Training Program(No.shjdy029)Youth Projects of Shanghai Municipality Health and Family Planning Commission(No.20144Y0124)
文摘This study aimed to use computer simulation to describe the fluid dynamic characteristics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome（OSAS） and to evaluate the difference between during quiet respiration and the Muller maneuver（MM）. Seven patients with OSAS were involved to perform computed tomographic（CT） scanning during quiet respiration and the MM. CT data in DICOM format were transformed into an anatomically three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics（CFD） model of the upper airway. The velocity magnitude, relative pressure, and flow distribution were obtained. Numerical simulation of airflow was performed to discuss how the MM affected airflow in the upper airway. To measure the discrepancy, the SPSS19.0 software package was utilized for statistic analysis. The results showed that the shape of the upper airway became narrower, and the pressure decreased during the MM. The minimal cross-sectional area（MCSA） of velopharynx was significantly decreased（P〈0.05） and the airflow velocity in MCSAs of velopharynx and glossopharynx significantly accelerated（P〈0.05） during the MM. This study demonstrated the possibility of CFD model combined with the MM for understanding pharyngeal aerodynamics in the pathophysiology of OSAS.
基金supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant no.22-73-10149,https://rscf.ru/project/22-73-10149/supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant no.23-13-00329,https://rscf.ru/project/23-13-00329/。
文摘In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a Mg-Mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus),was impregnated into the coating.Samples with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against S.aureus.The mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were performed.According to SEM,EDS,XRD and XPS data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high biocompatibility.The analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirming the high roughness of the samples.During electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was revealed.According to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by encapsulation.Antibiotic release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day 28.Throughout the experiment,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.
文摘背景:西伯利亚的托木斯克州。目的:评估对WHO的Ⅰ类新结核病患者应用个体化俄罗斯治疗方案和短程化疗(SCC)方案的成本-效益。设计:分析家庭、社会作为一个整体所提供的两种治疗方法的成本,和住院2周(患者理论上不合作危险小)及2个月(患者理论上有不合作危险)的SCC的敏感性分析。结果以每个治愈病例的费用和挽救生命年(year of life saved)测量,治愈率以当地实施的试验为基础。结果:应用个体化俄罗斯治疗方案每个治愈患者的 费用为2295美元,与此相比,与此相比,应用SCC为1901美元。每个挽救生命年的费用分别为123美元和103美元。每个治愈患者的费用应用SCC住院治疗2个月为1457美元、2周为556美元,每挽救生命年的费用分别为79美元和30美元。结论:在托木斯克采用含2周和2个月住院治疗的SCC,能达到与用俄罗斯治疗方案相似的治愈率,同时社会和家庭两者均节省了大量的开支。
文摘BACKGROUND Bradyarrhythmias are typically treated with permanent pacemakers(PM). The elimination of bradyarrhythmia by PM implantation improves the patient’s quality of life and prognosis, but it can also result in a number of sequalae. It is still unclear how PM implantation affects the hemostasis system’s parameters and how such parameters relate to different consequences after PM placement.AIM To assess the blood coagulation factor activity in PM patients throughout the perioperative period.METHODS Patients treated in the Department of Surgical Therapy of Cardiac Arrhythmias and Pacing at the Ryazan State "Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary" from April 2020 to December 2021 were included in the study. Before surgery, 7 and 30 d after PM placement, peripheral venous blood samples were withdrawn to measure the level of blood coagulation factor Ⅰ(FⅠ) and the activity of blood coagulation factors Ⅱ(FⅡ), Ⅴ(FⅤ), Ⅶ(FⅦ), Ⅷ(FⅧ), ⅸ(Fⅸ), ⅹ(Fⅹ), Ⅺ(FⅪ), Ⅻ(FⅫ). We used an automatic coagulometer Sysmex CA 660(Sysmex Europe, Germany) and reagents from Siemens(Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Products GmbH, Germany).RESULTS The study included 146 patients. The activity of factors FⅤ [147.7(102.1-247.55)% vs 103.85(60-161.6)% vs 81.8(67.15-130.65)%, P = 0.002], FⅧ [80.4(60.15-106.25)% vs 70.3(48.5-89.1)% vs 63.7(41.6-88.25)%, P = 0.039], Fⅸ [86.2(70.75-102.95)% vs 75.4(59.2-88.3)% vs 73.9(56.45-93.05)%, P = 0.014], Fⅹ [188.9(99.3-308.18)% vs 158.9(83.3-230)% vs 127.2(95.25-209.35)%, P = 0.022], FⅪ [82.6(63.9-103.6)% vs 69.75(53.8-97.6)% vs 67.3(54.25-98.05)%, P = 0.002], FⅫ [87.6(67.15-102.3)% vs 78.9(63.4-97.05)% vs 81.2(62.15-97.4)%, P < 0.001] decreased at 7 and 30 d after surgery;FⅡ activity [157.9(109.7-245.25)% vs 130(86.8-192.5)% vs 144.8(103.31-185.6)%, P = 0.021] decreased at 7 d and increased at 30 d postoperatively. There were no statistically significant changes in the FVII activity within 30 d after PM placement [182.2(85.1-344.8)% vs 157.2(99.1-259)% vs 108.9(74.9-219.8)%, P = 0.128]. Subgroup analysis revealed similar changes only in patients on anticoagulant therapy. FⅫ activity decreased in patients on antiplatelet therapy [82(65.8-101.9)% vs 79.9(63.3-97.1)% vs 89.7(75.7-102.5)%, P = 0.01] 7 d after surgery, returning to baseline values at 30 d postoperatively.CONCLUSION PM placement and anticoagulant therapy were associated with decreased activity of clotting factors FⅤ, FⅧ, Fⅸ, Fⅹ, FⅪ, FⅫ in the postoperative period. FⅧ activity did not decrease within 30 d after PM placement, which may indicate endothelial injury caused by lead placement.
文摘Non-communicable diseases(NCDs)are commonly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFL/NAFLD)for which no drugs or specific food are available either to control or to cure.We encounter promising results with NGTRF in nutritional Management of NAFLD and diabetes.Objective is to compare the effect of using NGTRF over routine western management(RWM)and Hela Nila Wedakama(HNW)patients with NCD,including metabolic syndrome,are prescribed NGTRF(produced by Hela Suwaya)and followed up.The five therapeutic categories are(1)RWM alone;(2)NGTRF alone;(3)NGTRF+RWM(in Galle);(4)NGTRF+RWM(in Gampaha);(5)NGTRF+RWM+HNW.According to clinical,biochemical and radiological profiles,majority of categoroes 2,3,4 and 5 are either controlled or cured effectively and sustainably compared to category 01.Preliminary evidence shows that effectiveness and sustainability of prescribing NGTRF is better.According to“Hela Suwaya”knowledge,genetic basis of food(conventional vs.traditional)and agronomic practices should be strongly considered while prescribing food.Traditional rice grown with toxin free Hela Suwaya“Hela Govithena”technology improves the micronutrient,prebiotic,probiotic and antioxidant profiles of food.Agrochemical farming reduces these parameters by reducing soil pH and biota.Functional foods produced by Hela Suwaya post-harvest food technology(such as rice-based porridge)will further improve these nutritional profiles.The resulting optimization of the disturbed liver function is the key factor behind this beneficial effect on whole NCD spectrum.This is observed as cured or reduced NAFL/NAFLD.We have already planned controlled clinical trials for further confirmation.Proper food-based intervention is therefore strongly suggested.
文摘The present study was conducted in four districts of Telangana State of India with 120 respondents in which 60 were members and other 60 were non-members of DCSs （Dairy Co-operative Societies）/MPIs （Milk Producer Institutions）. Constraints perceived in dairy farming and suggestions elicited by members and non-members were noted, tabulated and analyzed. The major constraints perceived by half or more than half of members were scarcity of water （91.67%）, lack of green fodder （88.33%）, preferring NS （natural service） than AI （Artificial Insemination） （83.33%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （81.37%）, insufficient loan amount （78.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （71.67%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （70.00%）, lack of remunerative price for milk （66.67%）, high cost of feed （61.67%）, lack of fodder conservation （55.00%） and high cost of animals （50.00%）. Whereas major constraints perceived by non-members were scarcity of water （96.67%）, lack of green fodder （93.33%）, preferring NS than AI （88.33%）, lack of availability of sufficient labour （85.00%）, negligence in feeding pregnant and dry animals （83.33%）, tendency to feed only grass and brans （78.33%）, high cost of animals （75.00%）, complex procedure for obtaining loans （71.67%） and high cost of feed （66.67%）. Suggestions elicited by members majorly were providing subsidy for purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （81.67%）, enhancing the procurement price （70.00%）, providing more incentives （60.00%）, encouraging calf rearing （58.33%） and conducting frequent animal health camps （50.00%）. In case of non-members major suggestions elicited were conducting frequent animal health camps （68.33%） and providing subsidy on purchase of animals/providing loans on par with the cost of animal （58.33%）. Considering the above constraints perceived and suggestions elicited by dairy farmers a proper linkage strategy should be developed among private and public sectors in providing need based services to the dairy farmers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82022015,32071361,82370923,81921002 and 82100966)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YG2023ZD16)the Health Discipline Con-struction Project in Pudong New Area(No.PWYts2021-20).
文摘Guided bone regeneration(GBR)is widely applied in implant dentistry,employing barrier membranes to create an osteogenic space by preventing gingival tissue ingrowth.However,this method does not enhance the oste-ogenic capacity of osteoblasts,limiting sufficient bone volume in larger defects.Inspired by axolotl limb regeneration,abundant soft tissue-derived stem cells mobilized to the defect may facilitate comprehensive osteogenesis within a BMP-2-enriched environment.We developed a biomimetic channel system(BCS)to pro-mote alveolar bone regeneration,using channel structures to activate gingival-derived stem cells under a BMP-2-enriched biological barrier.In a cell-tracing mouse model,Prrx1+stem cells demonstrated a critical role in BMP-2-induced subcutaneous osteogenesis.Sequencing and histological analyses revealed that channel structures significantly enhance soft tissue cell proliferation and migration.Attributable to the biological barrier,BCS applications markedly improved bone formation in beagle mandibular defects.These results suggest a novel osteoinductive strategy for alveolar bone regeneration that functions without a traditional barrier membrane.
基金Shanghai Henlius Biotech Inc.NationalNatural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82473000。
文摘Background:The ASTRUM-005 study previously demonstrated a signifi-cant overall survival(OS)benefit with serplulimab(a programmed death1 inhibitor)plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in previouslyuntreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer(ES-SCLC).Here,we reportupdated efficacy and safety results after an extended median follow-up of 19.8months,along with the first report on findings from exploratory biomarkeranalyses.Methods:A total of 585 patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive4.5 mg/kg serplulimab(n=389)or placebo(n=196)intravenously every 3weeks,together with carboplatin and etoposide.The primary endpoint was OS.In addition,genomic profiling was performed to identify mutated genes,and quantitative serum proteome profiling was conducted to identify differ-entially expressed proteins(DEPs)between responders and non-responders ofserplulimab plus chemotherapy.Regression analysis was subsequently used toconstruct a protein signature based on the DEPs.The associations betweenefficacy outcomes(objective response rate[ORR],OS,and progression-free sur-vival[PFS])and gene mutation status or DEP expression were also examinedwith regression analysis.Furthermore,the prognostic value of hematologicalparameters was evaluated.Results:In the intent-to-treat population,the median OS was 15.8 monthsin the serplulimab group versus 11.1 months in the placebo group(haz-ard ratio,0.62;95%confidence interval,0.50-0.76;P<0.001).We identified181 DEPs between responders and non-responders in the serplulimab group,from which a 15-protein signature was constructed.In the serplulimab group,patients with a higher 15-protein signature score were associated with sig-nificantly longer OS and PFS.Also,patients harboring tumor-suppressorretinoblastoma-1(RB1)mutations or mutations in Notch pathway membersshowed improved ORR,OS,or PFS compared with their wild-type counter-parts.Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)level were independent prognosticators of patients with ES-SCLC.Conclusions:First-line serplulimab provided a sustained clinical benefit overplacebo in patients with ES-SCLC.A 15-protein signature and mutations in RB1or Notch pathway genes may serve as predictive biomarkers for benefits fromserplulimab plus chemotherapy,while baseline NLR and LDH were independentprognosticators for ES-SCLC.
文摘Introduction:National Notifiable Disease Reporting System(NNDRS)plays an important role in the early detection and control of tuberculosis(TB)in China.This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)in Kashgar Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autnomous Region,China from 2011 to 2020 to provide a scientific basis for developing TB control strategies and measures in Kashgar.Methods:The data were collected from the NNDRS,which included the geographical distribution,age,sex,occupation,and pathogenic classification of reported PTB cases in 12 counties/cities of Kashgar Prefecture from 2011 to 2020.Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristic of PTB epidemic in Kashgar.Results:There were 189,416 PTB cases reported during 2011–2020,with a mean annual PTB case notification rate(CNR)of 451.29/100,000.A rising trend in the rate of reported PTB between 2011 and 2017(χ2 trend=26.09,P<0.01)and a declining trend between 2018 and 2020(χ2 trend=314.44,P<0.01)were observed.The months with the highest reported number of PTB cases were March to May and November to December.The mean annual rate of reported PTB was 451.88/100,000 for males and 450.67/100,000 for females.In addition,19.76%of patients were bacteriologically-confirmed(Bac+)cases(37,425/189,416),and the mean annual Bac+CNR was 89.17/100,000,rising from 64.76/100,000 in 2011 to 139.12/100,000 in 2020(χ^(2)_(trend)=74.44,P<0.01).Conclusions:The CNR of reported PTB in Kashgar showed a significant declining trend in the past three years.Males,elderly population,winter and spring,and farmers as an occupation were the main factors associated with high incidence of tuberculosis in Kashgar.Targeted prevention and treatment of TB should be strengthened in key groups in this region.
基金sponsored by the Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation,Cuttack,Odisha
文摘Background and Aims:Lifestyle(exercise and dietary)modification is the mainstay of treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).However,there is paucity of data on effect of intensity of exercise in management of NAFLD,and we aimed to study the effect of variable intensities of exercise on NAFLD.Methods:The study was performed in the Department of Gastroenterology of the SCB Medical Col-lege,Cuttack and the Biju Patnaik State Police Academy,Bhu-baneswar.The subjects were police trainees[18 in a moderate intensity exercise group(MIG)and 19 in a low in-tensity exercise group(LIG)]recruited for a 6-month physical training course(261.8 Kcalorie,3.6 metabolic equivalent in MIG and 153.6 Kcalorie,2.1 metabolic equivalent in LIG).NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography,with exclusion of all secondary causes of steatosis.All participants were eval-uated by anthropometry(weight,height,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference),assessed for blood pressure and biochemical parameters(blood glucose,liver function test,lipid profile,serum insulin),and subjected to transabdo-minal ultrasonography before and after 6 months of physical training,and the results were compared.Results:Both the groups had similar BMI,fasting plasma glucose,AST,gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase,insulin,and homeostatic model as-sessment-insulin resistance(known as HOMA-IR)(p>0.05).However,subjects in the LIG were older and had lower alanine transaminase,higher triglycerides and lower high-density lip-oproteins than MIG subjects.There was a significant reduc-tion in BMI(27.0±2.1 to 26.8±2.0;p=0.001),fasting blood glucose(106.7±21.6 to 85.8±19.0;p<0.001),serum trigly-cerides(167.5±56.7 to 124.6±63.5;p=0.017),total choles-terol(216.8±29.2 to 196.7±26.6;p=0.037),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(134.6±21.4 to 130.5±21.9;p=0.010),serum aspartate transaminase(39.3±32.2 to 30.9±11.4;p<0.001),serum alanine transaminase(56.6±28.7 to 33.0±11.3;p<0.001)and HOMA-IR(2.63±2.66 to 1.70±2.59;p<0.001)in the MIG.However,changes in these parameters in the LIG were non-significant.Hepatic steatosis regressed in 66.7%of the NAFLD subjects in the MIG but in only 26.3%of the LIG NAFLD subjects(p=0.030).Conclusions:Moderate rather than low intensity physical activity causes sig-nificant improvement in BMI,serum triglycerides,cholesterol,serum transaminases and HOMA-IR,and regression of ultraso-nographic fatty change in liver among NAFLD subjects.
