The grand challenges of climate change demand a new paradigm of urban design that takes the perfor- mance of urban systems into account, such as energy and water efficiency. Traditional urban design methods focus on t...The grand challenges of climate change demand a new paradigm of urban design that takes the perfor- mance of urban systems into account, such as energy and water efficiency. Traditional urban design methods focus on the form-making process and lack performance dimensions. Geodesign is an emerging approach that emphasizes the links between systems thinking, digital technology, and geographic con- text. This paper presents the research results of the first phase of a larger research collaboration and pro- poses an extended geodesign method for a district-scale urban design to integrate systems of renewable energy production, energy consumption, and storm water management, as well as a measurement of human experiences in cities. The method incorporates geographic information system （GIS）, parametric modeling techniques, and multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） tools that enable collaborative design decision-making. The method is tested and refined in a test case with the objective of designing a near-zero-energy urban district. Our final method has three characteristics. （1） Integrated geodesign and parametric design： It uses a parametric design approach to generate focal-scale district prototypes by means of a custom procedural algorithm, and applies geodesign to evaluate the performances of design proposals. （2） A focus on design flow： It elaborates how to define problems, what information is selected, and what criteria are used in making design decisions. （3） Multi-objective optimization： The test case produces indicators from performance modeling and derives principles through a multi-objective computational experiment to inform how the design can be improved. This paper concludes with issues and next steps in modeling urban design and infrastructure systems based on MDO tools.展开更多
Here,we propose and demonstrate a modular holographic display system that allows seamless spatial tiling of multiple coarse integral holographic(CIH)displays called"holobricks".A holobrick is a self-containe...Here,we propose and demonstrate a modular holographic display system that allows seamless spatial tiling of multiple coarse integral holographic(CIH)displays called"holobricks".A holobrick is a self-contained CIH module enclosing a spatial light modulator(SLM),a scanner,and periscopic coarse integral optics.Modular CIH uses a coarse pitch and small area but high-bandwidth SLM in conjunction with periscopic coarse integral optics to form the angularly tiled 3D holograms with large viewing areas and fields of view.The creation of periscopic coarse integral optics prevents the optical system from being larger than the holographic image and allows the holographic fringe pattern to fill the entire face of the holobrick.Thus,multiple holobricks can be seamlessly abutted to form a scalable spatially tiled holographic image display capable of both wide feld-of-view angle and arbitrary large-size area.We demonstrate an initial prototype that seamlessly tiles two holobricks each with 1024×768 pixels,40°FOV,full color,24 fps,displaying 2D,3D holographic stereograms,and full parallax 3D CGI Fresnel holograms.展开更多
Researchers often summarize their work in the form of scientific posters.Posters provide a coherent and efficient way to convey core ideas expressed in scientific papers.Generating a good scientific poster,however,is ...Researchers often summarize their work in the form of scientific posters.Posters provide a coherent and efficient way to convey core ideas expressed in scientific papers.Generating a good scientific poster,however,is a complex and time-consuming cognitive task,since such posters need to be readable,informative,and visually aesthetic.In this paper, for the first time,we study the challenging problem of learning to generate posters from scientific papers.To this end,a data-driven framework,which utilizes graphical models,is proposed.Specifically,given content to display,the key elements of a good poster,including attributes of each panel and arrangements of graphical elements,are learned and inferred from data.During the inference stage,the maximum a posterior (MAP)estimation framework is employed to incorporate some design principles.In order to bridge the gap between panel attributes and the composition within each panel,we also propose a recursive page splitting algorithm to generate the panel layout for a poster.To learn and validate our model,we collect and release a new benchmark dataset,called NJU-Fudan Paper-Poster dataset,which consists of scientific papers and corresponding posters with exhaustively labelled panels and attributes.Qualitative and quantitative results indicate the effectiveness of our approach.展开更多
Te orthogonal nature of diferent orbital angular momentum modes enables information transmission in optical communications with increased bandwidth through mode division multiplexing.So far the related works have been...Te orthogonal nature of diferent orbital angular momentum modes enables information transmission in optical communications with increased bandwidth through mode division multiplexing.So far the related works have been focused on using orbital angular momentum modes to encode/decode and multiplex point-based on-axis signals for maximum data channel numbers and capacity.Whether orbital angular momentum modes can be utilized to encode/decode of-axis signals for multiplexing in twodimensional space is of signifcant importance both fundamentally and practically for its enormous potential in increasing the channel information capacity.In this work,a direct use of orbital angular momentum modes to encode/decode and multiplex twodimensional images is realized in a scalable multiview display architecture,which can be utilized for viewing three-dimensional images from diferent angles.Te efect of of-axis encoding/decoding and the resultant crosstalk between multiplexed diferent twodimensional views are studied.Based on which,a color display of good image quality with four independent views is demonstrated.Te resolution of the decoded images is analyzed and the limitation of this approach discussed.Moreover,a spatially multiplexed data communication scheme is also proposed with such a two-dimensional encoding/decoding approach to signifcantly enhance the data transmission capacity in free space for future data communication needs.展开更多
Deformation of skin and muscle is essential for bringing an animated character to life. This deformation is difficult to animate in a realistic fashion using traditional techniques because of the subtlety of the skin ...Deformation of skin and muscle is essential for bringing an animated character to life. This deformation is difficult to animate in a realistic fashion using traditional techniques because of the subtlety of the skin deformations that must move appropriately for the character design. In this paper, we present an algorithm that generates natural, dynamic, and detailed skin deformation(movement and jiggle) from joint angle data sequences. The algorithm has two steps: identification of parameters for a quasi-static muscle deformation model, and simulation of skin deformation. In the identification step, we identify the model parameters using a musculoskeletal model and a short sequence of skin deformation data captured via a dense marker set. The simulation step first uses the quasi-static muscle deformation model to obtain the quasi-static muscle shape at each frame of the given motion sequence(slow jump). Dynamic skin deformation is then computed by simulating the passive muscle and soft tissue dynamics modeled as a mass–spring–damper system. Having obtained the model parameters, we can simulate dynamic skin deformations for subjects with similar body types from new motion data. We demonstrate our method by creating skin deformations for muscle co-contraction and external impacts from four different behaviors captured as skeletal motion capture data. Experimental results show that the simulated skin deformations are quantitatively and qualitatively similar to measured actual skin deformations.展开更多
This Letter proposes a scanned holographic display system that takes the advantage of a high-speed resonant scanner to augment a galvanometer and hence improves the opto-mechanical information distribution capabilitie...This Letter proposes a scanned holographic display system that takes the advantage of a high-speed resonant scanner to augment a galvanometer and hence improves the opto-mechanical information distribution capabilities,thereby potentially achieving an increased image size and enlarged viewing angles.展开更多
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71471138)
文摘The grand challenges of climate change demand a new paradigm of urban design that takes the perfor- mance of urban systems into account, such as energy and water efficiency. Traditional urban design methods focus on the form-making process and lack performance dimensions. Geodesign is an emerging approach that emphasizes the links between systems thinking, digital technology, and geographic con- text. This paper presents the research results of the first phase of a larger research collaboration and pro- poses an extended geodesign method for a district-scale urban design to integrate systems of renewable energy production, energy consumption, and storm water management, as well as a measurement of human experiences in cities. The method incorporates geographic information system （GIS）, parametric modeling techniques, and multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） tools that enable collaborative design decision-making. The method is tested and refined in a test case with the objective of designing a near-zero-energy urban district. Our final method has three characteristics. （1） Integrated geodesign and parametric design： It uses a parametric design approach to generate focal-scale district prototypes by means of a custom procedural algorithm, and applies geodesign to evaluate the performances of design proposals. （2） A focus on design flow： It elaborates how to define problems, what information is selected, and what criteria are used in making design decisions. （3） Multi-objective optimization： The test case produces indicators from performance modeling and derives principles through a multi-objective computational experiment to inform how the design can be improved. This paper concludes with issues and next steps in modeling urban design and infrastructure systems based on MDO tools.
文摘Here,we propose and demonstrate a modular holographic display system that allows seamless spatial tiling of multiple coarse integral holographic(CIH)displays called"holobricks".A holobrick is a self-contained CIH module enclosing a spatial light modulator(SLM),a scanner,and periscopic coarse integral optics.Modular CIH uses a coarse pitch and small area but high-bandwidth SLM in conjunction with periscopic coarse integral optics to form the angularly tiled 3D holograms with large viewing areas and fields of view.The creation of periscopic coarse integral optics prevents the optical system from being larger than the holographic image and allows the holographic fringe pattern to fill the entire face of the holobrick.Thus,multiple holobricks can be seamlessly abutted to form a scalable spatially tiled holographic image display capable of both wide feld-of-view angle and arbitrary large-size area.We demonstrate an initial prototype that seamlessly tiles two holobricks each with 1024×768 pixels,40°FOV,full color,24 fps,displaying 2D,3D holographic stereograms,and full parallax 3D CGI Fresnel holograms.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant No.BK20150016the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61772257 and 61672279the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No.020214380042.
文摘Researchers often summarize their work in the form of scientific posters.Posters provide a coherent and efficient way to convey core ideas expressed in scientific papers.Generating a good scientific poster,however,is a complex and time-consuming cognitive task,since such posters need to be readable,informative,and visually aesthetic.In this paper, for the first time,we study the challenging problem of learning to generate posters from scientific papers.To this end,a data-driven framework,which utilizes graphical models,is proposed.Specifically,given content to display,the key elements of a good poster,including attributes of each panel and arrangements of graphical elements,are learned and inferred from data.During the inference stage,the maximum a posterior (MAP)estimation framework is employed to incorporate some design principles.In order to bridge the gap between panel attributes and the composition within each panel,we also propose a recursive page splitting algorithm to generate the panel layout for a poster.To learn and validate our model,we collect and release a new benchmark dataset,called NJU-Fudan Paper-Poster dataset,which consists of scientific papers and corresponding posters with exhaustively labelled panels and attributes.Qualitative and quantitative results indicate the effectiveness of our approach.
基金This research was performed under a joint collaboration between Disney Research and the University of Cambridge through the CAPE consortium.J.Chu and D.Chu would like to thank the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC)for the support through the Platform Grant for Liquid Crystal Photonics(EP/F00897X/1)the EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Ultra Precision(EP/I033491/1).J.Chu thanks K.Li for experimental assistance.
文摘Te orthogonal nature of diferent orbital angular momentum modes enables information transmission in optical communications with increased bandwidth through mode division multiplexing.So far the related works have been focused on using orbital angular momentum modes to encode/decode and multiplex point-based on-axis signals for maximum data channel numbers and capacity.Whether orbital angular momentum modes can be utilized to encode/decode of-axis signals for multiplexing in twodimensional space is of signifcant importance both fundamentally and practically for its enormous potential in increasing the channel information capacity.In this work,a direct use of orbital angular momentum modes to encode/decode and multiplex twodimensional images is realized in a scalable multiview display architecture,which can be utilized for viewing three-dimensional images from diferent angles.Te efect of of-axis encoding/decoding and the resultant crosstalk between multiplexed diferent twodimensional views are studied.Based on which,a color display of good image quality with four independent views is demonstrated.Te resolution of the decoded images is analyzed and the limitation of this approach discussed.Moreover,a spatially multiplexed data communication scheme is also proposed with such a two-dimensional encoding/decoding approach to signifcantly enhance the data transmission capacity in free space for future data communication needs.
文摘Deformation of skin and muscle is essential for bringing an animated character to life. This deformation is difficult to animate in a realistic fashion using traditional techniques because of the subtlety of the skin deformations that must move appropriately for the character design. In this paper, we present an algorithm that generates natural, dynamic, and detailed skin deformation(movement and jiggle) from joint angle data sequences. The algorithm has two steps: identification of parameters for a quasi-static muscle deformation model, and simulation of skin deformation. In the identification step, we identify the model parameters using a musculoskeletal model and a short sequence of skin deformation data captured via a dense marker set. The simulation step first uses the quasi-static muscle deformation model to obtain the quasi-static muscle shape at each frame of the given motion sequence(slow jump). Dynamic skin deformation is then computed by simulating the passive muscle and soft tissue dynamics modeled as a mass–spring–damper system. Having obtained the model parameters, we can simulate dynamic skin deformations for subjects with similar body types from new motion data. We demonstrate our method by creating skin deformations for muscle co-contraction and external impacts from four different behaviors captured as skeletal motion capture data. Experimental results show that the simulated skin deformations are quantitatively and qualitatively similar to measured actual skin deformations.
基金part of the COIN-3DⅡproject as a collaboration between the University of Cambridge and Disney Research under the CAPE consortium
文摘This Letter proposes a scanned holographic display system that takes the advantage of a high-speed resonant scanner to augment a galvanometer and hence improves the opto-mechanical information distribution capabilities,thereby potentially achieving an increased image size and enlarged viewing angles.
