Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based o...Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based on a deep understanding of the connotation of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,it is necessary to clarify the goals of the two through the two-way flow of elements between urban and rural areas,the urban-rural linkage of industries,to achieve coordinated promotion of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization in China.展开更多
In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms...In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms’GVC advancement,measured by the domestic value-added rate(DVAR)in exports.Using integrated Chinese microdata(2000-2014),we find this complementarity significantly boosts export DVAR,explaining about one-quarter of its observed growth.Two mechanisms drive this effect:increased use of domestic intermediates and gains in firm productivity.The benefits are especially large for firms with lower human capital and for those in accessible,innovation-peripheral regions,helping narrow productivity gaps across firms and space.Affected firms also exhibit broader export scopes,higher product quality,more diversified destinations,and greater markups-firm-level evidence of GVC upgrading.These findings highlight how external technological linkages drive upgrading and underscore the importance of fostering inter-regional synergies for balanced development.展开更多
Grain production core area is key region of modern agricultural development in China. Through summarizing related literature about grain production area and modern agricultural development researches both at home and ...Grain production core area is key region of modern agricultural development in China. Through summarizing related literature about grain production area and modern agricultural development researches both at home and abroad,it obtained characteristics and existing problems in the modern agricultural development of the grain production core area. It is found that there are many research perspectives in modern agricultural development of the grain production core area. On the basis of analyzing the grain production core area and connotation,mode and evaluation of the modern agricultural development,it is concluded that further study should be carried out for adopting which development mode and how to make evaluation,so as to provide theoretical guidance for balanced development of modern agriculture in grain production core area of different regions.展开更多
Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same tim...Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same time.The paper analyzes the CDS based on the background of coastal area and the situation at home and abroad, and mainly discusses the relevant tactics in Shandong Province, China.展开更多
In May 2010, the First International Seminar on Frontiers and Perspectives of Demographic Research and the release of the Demography Volume of the UNESCO-EOLSS （Chinese version）, hosted by China Population and Devel...In May 2010, the First International Seminar on Frontiers and Perspectives of Demographic Research and the release of the Demography Volume of the UNESCO-EOLSS （Chinese version）, hosted by China Population and Development Research Center （CPDRC） and co-organized by Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies （CHADS） at National Schoolof Development of Peking University,展开更多
This paper summarizes the development experience of the subcenters in leading provinces, including their establishment mode, strategic positioning, development mode and economic development. It also analyzes the econo...This paper summarizes the development experience of the subcenters in leading provinces, including their establishment mode, strategic positioning, development mode and economic development. It also analyzes the economic development characteristics, regional patterns, and location distributions of Mianyang, Deyang, Leshan, Yibin, Luzhou, Nanchong and Dazhou, the seven alternative subcenters in Sichuan province. It focuses on the analysis of their basic situations regarding scientific and technological(S&T) innovation development including investment in S&T innovation, talent team construction, S&T achievements, industrial structure and S&T platforms compared with the innovative subcenters in leading provinces. Results show that the scale of S&T innovation activities in the seven alternative subcenters in Sichuan province needs to be improved. Finally, based on the ChengduChongqing economic circle strategy, this paper puts forward the thoughts and suggestions on how to cultivate the innovative subcenters in Sichuan province.展开更多
In 2025,the global rare earth exploration and development sector achieved breakthroughs across multiple fronts.Projects advanced intensively across the Americas,Oceania,Africa,and Europe,with significant growth in res...In 2025,the global rare earth exploration and development sector achieved breakthroughs across multiple fronts.Projects advanced intensively across the Americas,Oceania,Africa,and Europe,with significant growth in resources,continuous emergence of new deposits,and strong impetus injected into the industry by technological innovation and policy support.The global rare earth resource supply pattern was further optimized (Table 1).1.Fruitful results in resource growth and new deposit discoveriesBrazil emerged as a core region for resource growth.The Colossus rare earth deposit saw a 150%increase in resources and announced its first reserve estimate.The Caldeira rare earth deposit’s resource estimate grew by 50%.The combined ore resources in the Caladão rare earth deposit’s Zones A and B reached 5.72×10~8 tonnes,with a total rare earth oxide(TREO) grade of 0.1506%,concurrently hosting 2.29×10~4tonnes of gallium metal resources.展开更多
China’s coastal regions,characterized by dense populations and industrial agglomeration,face escalating threats from typhoon disasters.Understanding the evolution of socio-economic exposure to future typhoon landfall...China’s coastal regions,characterized by dense populations and industrial agglomeration,face escalating threats from typhoon disasters.Understanding the evolution of socio-economic exposure to future typhoon landfalls under global change is critical for effective disaster risk management.This study utilizes future typhoon track data simulated by the regional climate model version 4(RegCM4),combined with projected population and Gross Domestic Product(GDP)data for China’s coastal regions under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs:SSP1,sustainability;SSP2,middle of the road;SSP5,fossil-fueled development).We analyze typhoon impact zones for future periods(2030s,2050s,and 2090s)under Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs:RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5,representing low,medium,and high greenhouse gas emission scenarios,respectively).Exposure levels for 2030,2050,and 2100 are calculated based on the annual average frequency of typhoon impacts during these periods,aiming to quantify the distribution characteristics of typhoon-affected population and GDP in China’s coastal regions.Key findings reveal two high-frequency typhoon im-pact zones:the Taiwan Strait region and the northern Qiongzhou Strait region.Furthermore,under RCP2.6,typhoon impacts may ex-tend to Liaoning,while RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios indicate potential impacts reaching further north to Heilongjiang.Under RCP4.5,Northeast China will experience the largest typhoon-affected area(43.800×10^(4) km^(2))by the 2030s.High population and GDP exposure concentrates in the Yangtze River Delta,the Pearl River Delta,and the Taiwan Strait coastal areas.Notably,Liaoning’s cumulative ex-posed population may exceed 0.100×10^(8) by 2030 and 2050 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 due to typhoon track migration.Given China’s location within the Western Pacific typhoon high-incidence region,the northward expansion of impacts will substantially escalate socio-economic exposure in mid-latitude regions previously at lower risk.These findings underscore the imperative for enhanced disaster pre-vention,mitigation strategies and targeted countermeasure research.展开更多
Mineral resources in Asia continent and its mining industry play a significant role in the economic growth and industrialization of both Asia and the world.Asia continent boasts the most comprehensive kinds of mineral...Mineral resources in Asia continent and its mining industry play a significant role in the economic growth and industrialization of both Asia and the world.Asia continent boasts the most comprehensive kinds of minerals,with reserves of at least 38 of over 80 widely used minerals worldwide accounting for more than30%of the global total reserves.Asia continent experienced three main tectonic evolution and mineralization stages:The Precambrian,the Paleozoic,and the Mesozoic to Cenozoic.The abundant mineral resources in this continent can be divided into seven first-order metallogenic belts(metallogenic domains),18 second-order metallogenic belts(metallogenic provinces),61 third-order metallogenic belts(metallogenic zones),and nine main minerogenetic series.Asia continent exhibits the most significant metallogenic specialization among all continents.Specifically,granite belts of Asia continent manifest pronounced metallogenic specialization of tin,rare metals,and porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposits.Its maficultramafic rock belts and ophiolite belts display notable metallogenic specialization of lateritic nickel deposits and magmatic type chromite deposits,while its Mesozoic to Cenozoic basalt belts show remarkable metallogenic specialization of lateritic bauxite deposits.Consequently,many giant metallogenic belts were formed,including the Southeast Asian tin belt,the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau rare metal metallogenic belt,the Tethyan porphyry Cu-Au-Mo metallogenic belt,the circum-Pacific porphyry Cu-Au-Mo metallogenic belt,the Southeast Asian lateritic bauxite metallogenic belt,the Deccan Plateau lateritic bauxite metallogenic belt in India,the Southeast Asian lateritic nickel metallogenic belt,and the Tethyan magmatic type chromite metallogenic belt—all of which are significant metallogenic belts in Asia continent.Future mineral exploration in Asia should focus primarily on the Precambrian mineralization of ancient cratons,the Paleozoic mineralization of the Central Asian-Mongolian orogenic belt,and the Mesozoic to Cenozoic mineralization of the Tethyan and circum-Pacific mobile belts.Asia's mining industry not only underpins its own economic growth but also propels global economic development and industrialization,contributing significantly to the world economy.Asia boasts the highest production value of minerals,the largest annual production of minerals,and the greatest trade value of mineral products among all the continents,having emerged as the trade center of global mineral products and the center of the mining industry economy.China is identified as one of the few countries that possess the most comprehensive kinds of minerals,and its mining industry has supported and driven the economic development and industrialization of Asia and even the world.Standing as the largest mineral producer worldwide,China ranked first in the production of 28 mineral commodities in the world in 2022.Besides,China exhibits the highest annual production value of minerals and the largest trade value of mineral products among all countries.Therefore,China's demand for global mineral products influences the global supply and demand patterns of minerals and the world economic situation.展开更多
Macroscopic grasp of agricultural carbon emissions status, spatial-temporal characteristics as well as driving factors are the basic premise in further research on China’s agricultural carbon emissions. Based on 23 k...Macroscopic grasp of agricultural carbon emissions status, spatial-temporal characteristics as well as driving factors are the basic premise in further research on China’s agricultural carbon emissions. Based on 23 kinds of major carbon emission sources including agricultural materials inputs, paddy ifeld, soil and livestock breeding, this paper ifrstly calculated agricultural carbon emissions from 1995 to 2010, as well as 31 provinces and cities in 2010 in China. We then made a decomposed analysis to the driving factors of carbon emissions with logarithmic mean Divisia index （LMDI） model. The results show：（1） The amount of agricultural carbon emissions is 291.1691 million t in 2010. Compared with 249.5239 million t in 1995, it increased by 16.69%, in which, agricultural materials inputs, paddy ifeld, soil, enteric fermentation, and manure management accounted for 33.59, 22.03, 7.46, 17.53 and 19.39%of total agricultural carbon emissions, respectively. Although the amount exist ups and downs, it shows an overall trend of cyclical rise; （2） There is an obvious difference among regions：the amount of agricultural carbon emissions from top ten zones account for 56.68%, while 9.84%from last 10 zones. The traditional agricultural provinces, especially the major crop production areas are the main source regions. Based on the differences of carbon emission rations, 31 provinces and cities are divided into ifve types, namely agricultural materials dominant type, paddy ifeld dominant type, enteric fermentation dominant type, composite factors dominant type and balanced type. The agricultural carbon emissions intensity in west of China is the highest, followed by the central region, and the east zone is the lowest; （3） Compared with 1995, efifciency, labor and structure factors cut down carbon emissions by 65.78, 27.51 and 3.19%, respectively;while economy factor increase carbon emissions by 113.16%.展开更多
Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultura...Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultural output.China has made all-round achievements in its agriculture,forestry,livestock and fishery sectors,vastly improved agricultural production conditions,fostered new types of agricultural operators,increased opening-up,and delivered better living conditions for rural residents.China's agricultural development experience over the past seven decades can be summarized as follows:the Party's leadership over the work on agriculture,farmers and countryside,policy support and protection for agriculture,agri-technology innovation,and agricultural product market reform.In the new era,China's agriculture must follow a green and quality-oriented approach,and develop multifunctionality.China'should foster new-type agricultural operators and service entities,promote large-scale agriculture,encourage capital inputs in agriculture,integrate primary,secondary and tertiary agricultural industries,and bring about a new patter of agricultural opening-up.展开更多
The Chinese economy is currently undergoing a digital transformation.New growth drivers are replacing old ones,creating a new development landscape.Countries with strong digital industries will be the first to reap th...The Chinese economy is currently undergoing a digital transformation.New growth drivers are replacing old ones,creating a new development landscape.Countries with strong digital industries will be the first to reap the benefits of digitalization.For China,the transformation to a digital economy is both of inevitability and heterogeneity fueled by dual circulations.Crowded out from more skill-based digitalized sectors,less-skilled labor moves to less digitalized sectors.New capital,industries and technology clusters emerge as new drivers of manufacturing and service sector development.With its large domestic market and industrial competitiveness,China has fostered a new development landscape of“dual circulations”.展开更多
The eradication of poverty is one of the largest global challenges facing the world. This article examines poverty reduction goals within the framework of Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development G...The eradication of poverty is one of the largest global challenges facing the world. This article examines poverty reduction goals within the framework of Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). It also discusses the relationship between poverty reduction and sustainable development. Poverty reduction and sustainable development are inseparable and poverty reduction is the premise for sustainable development. Furthermore, several key bones of contention on the role of poverty reduction and sustainable development and implications of Post-2015 Development Agenda are also discussed. It concludes that to end poverty and inequality should continuously be given top priority for the Chinese government, because poverty reduction is China's soft power. Meanwhile, new ways of poverty alleviation should be explored and government should make great efforts to create a new partnership for poverty reduction and development.展开更多
2021 is the year with the least amount of oil and gas exploration and discoveries in the past 75 years.The world’s new proven oil and gas reserves were 6.6×10^(9) barrels of oil equivalent,compared with 19×...2021 is the year with the least amount of oil and gas exploration and discoveries in the past 75 years.The world’s new proven oil and gas reserves were 6.6×10^(9) barrels of oil equivalent,compared with 19×10^(9) barrels of oil equivalent in 2020,with a significant decline in new proven oil and gas reserves.展开更多
Mineral potential assessment at the Earth’s surface has been an important research for geoscientists around the world in the past five decades. The fundamental aspects of mineral assessment at different scales can be...Mineral potential assessment at the Earth’s surface has been an important research for geoscientists around the world in the past five decades. The fundamental aspects of mineral assessment at different scales can be associated with the following tasks, e.g., mineral potential mapping and estimation of mineral resources. This paper summarized the history and development in terms of theories, methods technologies and software platforms for quantitative assessment of mineral resources in China, e.g. comprehensive information methodology, geological anomaly, three-component quantitative prediction method, 5P orefinding area, integrated information assessment method, nonlinear process modeling and fractals, three dimensional mineral potential mapping, etc. At last, to discuss the future of quantitative mineral assessment in an era of big data including platform for 3D visualization, analysis and sharing, new methods and protocols for data cleaning, information enhancement, information integration, and uncertainties and multiple explanations of multi-information.展开更多
In China, the total fertility rate has remained at a low level since the 1990s. The evaluation, causes and impacts of this low fertility rate is an important research area. In 2006, research on population and childbir...In China, the total fertility rate has remained at a low level since the 1990s. The evaluation, causes and impacts of this low fertility rate is an important research area. In 2006, research on population and childbirth behaviour in China concentrated on estimation of the current fertility rate and on future family planning policies; attention was also given to a new childbirth culture.展开更多
In northern China’s agro-pastoral ecotone,there are conflicts between agricultural industry and ecological construction resource competition,and also problems urgently to be solved for economic growth and sustainable...In northern China’s agro-pastoral ecotone,there are conflicts between agricultural industry and ecological construction resource competition,and also problems urgently to be solved for economic growth and sustainable ecological improvement.Taking the development concept of"lucid waters and lush mountains being mountains of gold and silver"as the guiding principle of prioritizing ecological and green development,this paper studied the strategies for prioritizing ecological construction with consideration of economic development of agricultural industry from the perspective of opportunity cost.Through the analysis of opportunity cost,externality,and Pareto optimal theory,and using the calculation method of the unit equivalent factor value of terrestrial ecological service function,this paper calculated the ecological service value of forest,grassland,and farmland.It found that the ecological value of forest and grassland per unit area was greater than the ecological value of agricultural industry.This indicates that the opportunity cost of farmland for ecological construction was less than that of agricultural industry.Based on the theoretical and quantitative analysis,it came up with recommendations for establishing a comprehensive system for prioritizing ecological construction with consideration of agricultural industry development and establishing and improving the incentive mechanism of ecological construction.展开更多
Empirical research has shown that there were international spillover effects from the U.S. monetary policy to output level, net exports and price levels of each country, and the impact on prices in each country was of...Empirical research has shown that there were international spillover effects from the U.S. monetary policy to output level, net exports and price levels of each country, and the impact on prices in each country was of synchronous effect. The structural impulse response analysis showed that U.S. monetary policy could improve U.S. income and payment without damaging U.S. economic growth, but the shocks negatively affected the economic growth in the rest of the world. Hence, it's important to pay close attention to the moral risks of U.S. monetary policy to evade the global shocks caused by the "benefit-itself-at-the-expense-of-others" polices of the American government. Besides these findings, U.S. monetary policy shocks strongly affect China's trade surplus fluctuations. Based on this, we propose that the approaches of balancing China's current account could be explored efficiently from the perspective of monetary policy.展开更多
In " leading enterprise + farmer" cooperation model,farmer's behavior of breaching contract exists generally. In this paper,from the angle of incomplete contract,the influencial factors of farmer breakin...In " leading enterprise + farmer" cooperation model,farmer's behavior of breaching contract exists generally. In this paper,from the angle of incomplete contract,the influencial factors of farmer breaking contract are analyzed. It is found that farmer sex,age,culture degree and farming period have obvious effects on the behavior of breaching contract. Under regulating effect of relationship quality,farmer assest specificity,exogenous uncertainty and endogenous uncertainty affect farmer's breaking behavior. That is,the higher the farmer assest specificity,the lower the farmer breaching tendency; higher exogenous uncertainty causes that farmer is easy to generate breaching behavior; higher endogenous uncertainty causes that farmer is also easy to take breaching behavior.展开更多
As a new light spot and form of current agricultural development,the sixth industry is a new way to solve the problems of rural development.This paper first introduced current situations of the development of the sixt...As a new light spot and form of current agricultural development,the sixth industry is a new way to solve the problems of rural development.This paper first introduced current situations of the development of the sixth industry in Jingzhou of Hubei Province,analyzed the related problems,and then came up with some feasible development paths.First of all,the local government should formulate the financial support policies for the sixth industry.Second,local government should focus on strengthening the cultivation of new type of agricultural business entities and carrying out agricultural brand strategy.Finally,local government should develop leisure agriculture,ecological agriculture and promote the integration of rural tourism in the whole region.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Project of Humanities and Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Education Department——"Research on the Agricultural Supply-side Structural Reform Based on the Integration of Three Rural Industries"(18D031).
文摘Although there are certain differences in the center of gravity between rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,their connotations and goals require that both must be promoted in concert.Therefore,based on a deep understanding of the connotation of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization,it is necessary to clarify the goals of the two through the two-way flow of elements between urban and rural areas,the urban-rural linkage of industries,to achieve coordinated promotion of rural revitalization and human-centered urbanization in China.
基金supported by the following grants:National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Major Project)“Research on the Mechanism and Breakthrough Path for Achieving Key Core Technologies through the Coupling of Innovation Chains and Industrial Chains”(Grant No.22&ZD093)Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences,Ministry of Education“Research on Innovation Development Theory Based on Chinese Practice”(Grant No.23CEDRZ03).
文摘In the complex architecture of global value-chain(GVC)trade,firms’technological content increasingly reflects external knowledge flows.This study examines how inter-regional technological complementarity shapes firms’GVC advancement,measured by the domestic value-added rate(DVAR)in exports.Using integrated Chinese microdata(2000-2014),we find this complementarity significantly boosts export DVAR,explaining about one-quarter of its observed growth.Two mechanisms drive this effect:increased use of domestic intermediates and gains in firm productivity.The benefits are especially large for firms with lower human capital and for those in accessible,innovation-peripheral regions,helping narrow productivity gaps across firms and space.Affected firms also exhibit broader export scopes,higher product quality,more diversified destinations,and greater markups-firm-level evidence of GVC upgrading.These findings highlight how external technological linkages drive upgrading and underscore the importance of fostering inter-regional synergies for balanced development.
文摘Grain production core area is key region of modern agricultural development in China. Through summarizing related literature about grain production area and modern agricultural development researches both at home and abroad,it obtained characteristics and existing problems in the modern agricultural development of the grain production core area. It is found that there are many research perspectives in modern agricultural development of the grain production core area. On the basis of analyzing the grain production core area and connotation,mode and evaluation of the modern agricultural development,it is concluded that further study should be carried out for adopting which development mode and how to make evaluation,so as to provide theoretical guidance for balanced development of modern agriculture in grain production core area of different regions.
文摘Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same time.The paper analyzes the CDS based on the background of coastal area and the situation at home and abroad, and mainly discusses the relevant tactics in Shandong Province, China.
文摘In May 2010, the First International Seminar on Frontiers and Perspectives of Demographic Research and the release of the Demography Volume of the UNESCO-EOLSS （Chinese version）, hosted by China Population and Development Research Center （CPDRC） and co-organized by Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies （CHADS） at National Schoolof Development of Peking University,
文摘This paper summarizes the development experience of the subcenters in leading provinces, including their establishment mode, strategic positioning, development mode and economic development. It also analyzes the economic development characteristics, regional patterns, and location distributions of Mianyang, Deyang, Leshan, Yibin, Luzhou, Nanchong and Dazhou, the seven alternative subcenters in Sichuan province. It focuses on the analysis of their basic situations regarding scientific and technological(S&T) innovation development including investment in S&T innovation, talent team construction, S&T achievements, industrial structure and S&T platforms compared with the innovative subcenters in leading provinces. Results show that the scale of S&T innovation activities in the seven alternative subcenters in Sichuan province needs to be improved. Finally, based on the ChengduChongqing economic circle strategy, this paper puts forward the thoughts and suggestions on how to cultivate the innovative subcenters in Sichuan province.
文摘In 2025,the global rare earth exploration and development sector achieved breakthroughs across multiple fronts.Projects advanced intensively across the Americas,Oceania,Africa,and Europe,with significant growth in resources,continuous emergence of new deposits,and strong impetus injected into the industry by technological innovation and policy support.The global rare earth resource supply pattern was further optimized (Table 1).1.Fruitful results in resource growth and new deposit discoveriesBrazil emerged as a core region for resource growth.The Colossus rare earth deposit saw a 150%increase in resources and announced its first reserve estimate.The Caldeira rare earth deposit’s resource estimate grew by 50%.The combined ore resources in the Caladão rare earth deposit’s Zones A and B reached 5.72×10~8 tonnes,with a total rare earth oxide(TREO) grade of 0.1506%,concurrently hosting 2.29×10~4tonnes of gallium metal resources.
基金Under the auspices of National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0604902,2024YFF1306802)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2022J01497)Open Project of the Strait Meteorology Laboratory(No.2025KF03)。
文摘China’s coastal regions,characterized by dense populations and industrial agglomeration,face escalating threats from typhoon disasters.Understanding the evolution of socio-economic exposure to future typhoon landfalls under global change is critical for effective disaster risk management.This study utilizes future typhoon track data simulated by the regional climate model version 4(RegCM4),combined with projected population and Gross Domestic Product(GDP)data for China’s coastal regions under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs:SSP1,sustainability;SSP2,middle of the road;SSP5,fossil-fueled development).We analyze typhoon impact zones for future periods(2030s,2050s,and 2090s)under Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs:RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5,representing low,medium,and high greenhouse gas emission scenarios,respectively).Exposure levels for 2030,2050,and 2100 are calculated based on the annual average frequency of typhoon impacts during these periods,aiming to quantify the distribution characteristics of typhoon-affected population and GDP in China’s coastal regions.Key findings reveal two high-frequency typhoon im-pact zones:the Taiwan Strait region and the northern Qiongzhou Strait region.Furthermore,under RCP2.6,typhoon impacts may ex-tend to Liaoning,while RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios indicate potential impacts reaching further north to Heilongjiang.Under RCP4.5,Northeast China will experience the largest typhoon-affected area(43.800×10^(4) km^(2))by the 2030s.High population and GDP exposure concentrates in the Yangtze River Delta,the Pearl River Delta,and the Taiwan Strait coastal areas.Notably,Liaoning’s cumulative ex-posed population may exceed 0.100×10^(8) by 2030 and 2050 under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 due to typhoon track migration.Given China’s location within the Western Pacific typhoon high-incidence region,the northward expansion of impacts will substantially escalate socio-economic exposure in mid-latitude regions previously at lower risk.These findings underscore the imperative for enhanced disaster pre-vention,mitigation strategies and targeted countermeasure research.
基金funded by geological survey project of China Geological Survey(DD20211404)。
文摘Mineral resources in Asia continent and its mining industry play a significant role in the economic growth and industrialization of both Asia and the world.Asia continent boasts the most comprehensive kinds of minerals,with reserves of at least 38 of over 80 widely used minerals worldwide accounting for more than30%of the global total reserves.Asia continent experienced three main tectonic evolution and mineralization stages:The Precambrian,the Paleozoic,and the Mesozoic to Cenozoic.The abundant mineral resources in this continent can be divided into seven first-order metallogenic belts(metallogenic domains),18 second-order metallogenic belts(metallogenic provinces),61 third-order metallogenic belts(metallogenic zones),and nine main minerogenetic series.Asia continent exhibits the most significant metallogenic specialization among all continents.Specifically,granite belts of Asia continent manifest pronounced metallogenic specialization of tin,rare metals,and porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposits.Its maficultramafic rock belts and ophiolite belts display notable metallogenic specialization of lateritic nickel deposits and magmatic type chromite deposits,while its Mesozoic to Cenozoic basalt belts show remarkable metallogenic specialization of lateritic bauxite deposits.Consequently,many giant metallogenic belts were formed,including the Southeast Asian tin belt,the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau rare metal metallogenic belt,the Tethyan porphyry Cu-Au-Mo metallogenic belt,the circum-Pacific porphyry Cu-Au-Mo metallogenic belt,the Southeast Asian lateritic bauxite metallogenic belt,the Deccan Plateau lateritic bauxite metallogenic belt in India,the Southeast Asian lateritic nickel metallogenic belt,and the Tethyan magmatic type chromite metallogenic belt—all of which are significant metallogenic belts in Asia continent.Future mineral exploration in Asia should focus primarily on the Precambrian mineralization of ancient cratons,the Paleozoic mineralization of the Central Asian-Mongolian orogenic belt,and the Mesozoic to Cenozoic mineralization of the Tethyan and circum-Pacific mobile belts.Asia's mining industry not only underpins its own economic growth but also propels global economic development and industrialization,contributing significantly to the world economy.Asia boasts the highest production value of minerals,the largest annual production of minerals,and the greatest trade value of mineral products among all the continents,having emerged as the trade center of global mineral products and the center of the mining industry economy.China is identified as one of the few countries that possess the most comprehensive kinds of minerals,and its mining industry has supported and driven the economic development and industrialization of Asia and even the world.Standing as the largest mineral producer worldwide,China ranked first in the production of 28 mineral commodities in the world in 2022.Besides,China exhibits the highest annual production value of minerals and the largest trade value of mineral products among all countries.Therefore,China's demand for global mineral products influences the global supply and demand patterns of minerals and the world economic situation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71273105)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China (2013YB12)
文摘Macroscopic grasp of agricultural carbon emissions status, spatial-temporal characteristics as well as driving factors are the basic premise in further research on China’s agricultural carbon emissions. Based on 23 kinds of major carbon emission sources including agricultural materials inputs, paddy ifeld, soil and livestock breeding, this paper ifrstly calculated agricultural carbon emissions from 1995 to 2010, as well as 31 provinces and cities in 2010 in China. We then made a decomposed analysis to the driving factors of carbon emissions with logarithmic mean Divisia index （LMDI） model. The results show：（1） The amount of agricultural carbon emissions is 291.1691 million t in 2010. Compared with 249.5239 million t in 1995, it increased by 16.69%, in which, agricultural materials inputs, paddy ifeld, soil, enteric fermentation, and manure management accounted for 33.59, 22.03, 7.46, 17.53 and 19.39%of total agricultural carbon emissions, respectively. Although the amount exist ups and downs, it shows an overall trend of cyclical rise; （2） There is an obvious difference among regions：the amount of agricultural carbon emissions from top ten zones account for 56.68%, while 9.84%from last 10 zones. The traditional agricultural provinces, especially the major crop production areas are the main source regions. Based on the differences of carbon emission rations, 31 provinces and cities are divided into ifve types, namely agricultural materials dominant type, paddy ifeld dominant type, enteric fermentation dominant type, composite factors dominant type and balanced type. The agricultural carbon emissions intensity in west of China is the highest, followed by the central region, and the east zone is the lowest; （3） Compared with 1995, efifciency, labor and structure factors cut down carbon emissions by 65.78, 27.51 and 3.19%, respectively;while economy factor increase carbon emissions by 113.16%.
文摘Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultural output.China has made all-round achievements in its agriculture,forestry,livestock and fishery sectors,vastly improved agricultural production conditions,fostered new types of agricultural operators,increased opening-up,and delivered better living conditions for rural residents.China's agricultural development experience over the past seven decades can be summarized as follows:the Party's leadership over the work on agriculture,farmers and countryside,policy support and protection for agriculture,agri-technology innovation,and agricultural product market reform.In the new era,China's agriculture must follow a green and quality-oriented approach,and develop multifunctionality.China'should foster new-type agricultural operators and service entities,promote large-scale agriculture,encourage capital inputs in agriculture,integrate primary,secondary and tertiary agricultural industries,and bring about a new patter of agricultural opening-up.
基金国家社科基金重大项目“新旧动能转换机制设计与路径选择”(批准号:18Z D A077)南京大学长江三角洲经济社会发展研究中心暨区域经济转型与管理变革协同创新中心联合招标重大项目“长三角区域世界级产业集聚培育和协调发展”(批准号:CYD-2020019)。
文摘The Chinese economy is currently undergoing a digital transformation.New growth drivers are replacing old ones,creating a new development landscape.Countries with strong digital industries will be the first to reap the benefits of digitalization.For China,the transformation to a digital economy is both of inevitability and heterogeneity fueled by dual circulations.Crowded out from more skill-based digitalized sectors,less-skilled labor moves to less digitalized sectors.New capital,industries and technology clusters emerge as new drivers of manufacturing and service sector development.With its large domestic market and industrial competitiveness,China has fostered a new development landscape of“dual circulations”.
基金funded by the International Poverty Reduction Center in China(IPRCC) in 2014
文摘The eradication of poverty is one of the largest global challenges facing the world. This article examines poverty reduction goals within the framework of Post-2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs). It also discusses the relationship between poverty reduction and sustainable development. Poverty reduction and sustainable development are inseparable and poverty reduction is the premise for sustainable development. Furthermore, several key bones of contention on the role of poverty reduction and sustainable development and implications of Post-2015 Development Agenda are also discussed. It concludes that to end poverty and inequality should continuously be given top priority for the Chinese government, because poverty reduction is China's soft power. Meanwhile, new ways of poverty alleviation should be explored and government should make great efforts to create a new partnership for poverty reduction and development.
文摘2021 is the year with the least amount of oil and gas exploration and discoveries in the past 75 years.The world’s new proven oil and gas reserves were 6.6×10^(9) barrels of oil equivalent,compared with 19×10^(9) barrels of oil equivalent in 2020,with a significant decline in new proven oil and gas reserves.
文摘Mineral potential assessment at the Earth’s surface has been an important research for geoscientists around the world in the past five decades. The fundamental aspects of mineral assessment at different scales can be associated with the following tasks, e.g., mineral potential mapping and estimation of mineral resources. This paper summarized the history and development in terms of theories, methods technologies and software platforms for quantitative assessment of mineral resources in China, e.g. comprehensive information methodology, geological anomaly, three-component quantitative prediction method, 5P orefinding area, integrated information assessment method, nonlinear process modeling and fractals, three dimensional mineral potential mapping, etc. At last, to discuss the future of quantitative mineral assessment in an era of big data including platform for 3D visualization, analysis and sharing, new methods and protocols for data cleaning, information enhancement, information integration, and uncertainties and multiple explanations of multi-information.
文摘In China, the total fertility rate has remained at a low level since the 1990s. The evaluation, causes and impacts of this low fertility rate is an important research area. In 2006, research on population and childbirth behaviour in China concentrated on estimation of the current fertility rate and on future family planning policies; attention was also given to a new childbirth culture.
基金Supported by Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(19BSH077).
文摘In northern China’s agro-pastoral ecotone,there are conflicts between agricultural industry and ecological construction resource competition,and also problems urgently to be solved for economic growth and sustainable ecological improvement.Taking the development concept of"lucid waters and lush mountains being mountains of gold and silver"as the guiding principle of prioritizing ecological and green development,this paper studied the strategies for prioritizing ecological construction with consideration of economic development of agricultural industry from the perspective of opportunity cost.Through the analysis of opportunity cost,externality,and Pareto optimal theory,and using the calculation method of the unit equivalent factor value of terrestrial ecological service function,this paper calculated the ecological service value of forest,grassland,and farmland.It found that the ecological value of forest and grassland per unit area was greater than the ecological value of agricultural industry.This indicates that the opportunity cost of farmland for ecological construction was less than that of agricultural industry.Based on the theoretical and quantitative analysis,it came up with recommendations for establishing a comprehensive system for prioritizing ecological construction with consideration of agricultural industry development and establishing and improving the incentive mechanism of ecological construction.
文摘Empirical research has shown that there were international spillover effects from the U.S. monetary policy to output level, net exports and price levels of each country, and the impact on prices in each country was of synchronous effect. The structural impulse response analysis showed that U.S. monetary policy could improve U.S. income and payment without damaging U.S. economic growth, but the shocks negatively affected the economic growth in the rest of the world. Hence, it's important to pay close attention to the moral risks of U.S. monetary policy to evade the global shocks caused by the "benefit-itself-at-the-expense-of-others" polices of the American government. Besides these findings, U.S. monetary policy shocks strongly affect China's trade surplus fluctuations. Based on this, we propose that the approaches of balancing China's current account could be explored efficiently from the perspective of monetary policy.
基金Supported by Natural Science Research Project Fund,Ministry of Education(71573100)
文摘In " leading enterprise + farmer" cooperation model,farmer's behavior of breaching contract exists generally. In this paper,from the angle of incomplete contract,the influencial factors of farmer breaking contract are analyzed. It is found that farmer sex,age,culture degree and farming period have obvious effects on the behavior of breaching contract. Under regulating effect of relationship quality,farmer assest specificity,exogenous uncertainty and endogenous uncertainty affect farmer's breaking behavior. That is,the higher the farmer assest specificity,the lower the farmer breaching tendency; higher exogenous uncertainty causes that farmer is easy to generate breaching behavior; higher endogenous uncertainty causes that farmer is also easy to take breaching behavior.
文摘As a new light spot and form of current agricultural development,the sixth industry is a new way to solve the problems of rural development.This paper first introduced current situations of the development of the sixth industry in Jingzhou of Hubei Province,analyzed the related problems,and then came up with some feasible development paths.First of all,the local government should formulate the financial support policies for the sixth industry.Second,local government should focus on strengthening the cultivation of new type of agricultural business entities and carrying out agricultural brand strategy.Finally,local government should develop leisure agriculture,ecological agriculture and promote the integration of rural tourism in the whole region.
