We studied gas-exchange, chlorophyll pigments, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, and biomass partitioning responses in seedlings of four wolfberry species （Lycium chinense Mill. var. potaninii （Pojark.） A. M...We studied gas-exchange, chlorophyll pigments, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, and biomass partitioning responses in seedlings of four wolfberry species （Lycium chinense Mill. var. potaninii （Pojark.） A. M. Lu, Lycium chinense Mill., Lycium barbarum L., and Lycium yunnanense Kuang ＆ A. M. Lu） under four water supply regimes. In all four species, drought affected seedlings in terms of chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate （Pn）＇ transpiration rate （E）, and lipid peroxidation. Drought also increased some antioxidant enzyme activities, such as peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and ascorbate peroxidase （APX）. Significant changes in dry biomass partitioning also occurred in response to water stress. In particular, dry biomass of leaves and fruits decreased significantly. L. chinense Mill. and L. barbarum L. possessed greater drought tolerance and exhibited superior antioxidant processing ability and other related physiological traits compared to the other two species. L. chinense Mill. was the most tolerant to all levels of drought. In contrast,L, yunnanense Kuang ＆ A. M. Lu was more affected by water supply and had the lowest resistance to drought stress. These findings would provide some important information regarding genetic resources for future forest tree improvement in relation to drought tolerance.展开更多
This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis,so-called famine foods,that helped the people in Darfur and Kordofan,Sudan survive during the 1984-1985 famine.Four types of explants prepared fro...This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis,so-called famine foods,that helped the people in Darfur and Kordofan,Sudan survive during the 1984-1985 famine.Four types of explants prepared from green mature zygotic embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 1-5 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA).The highest number of shoots per explant (14.3±0.9) was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BA,while the highest shoot length [(3.5±0.4) cm] was obtained with 1 mg/L BA.The shoot cluster,when subcultured to its same medium,significantly increased the rate of shoot multiplication by the end of the third subculture.The maximum mean number of shoots per explant (86.5±3.6) was produced after three multiplication cycles on 3 mg/L BA-supplemented medium.In vitro induced shoots were excised and rooted on half strength MS medium fortified with 0.25 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to obtain complete plantlets.B.senegalensis-regenerated plantlets obtained in vitro for the first time,were hardened and 95% survived under greenhouse conditions.展开更多
White Nile state characterizes by rich healthy habitats especially wetlands which it supports the diversity of wildlife, Odonata species are actually poorly known in the White Nile region. A systematic survey was carr...White Nile state characterizes by rich healthy habitats especially wetlands which it supports the diversity of wildlife, Odonata species are actually poorly known in the White Nile region. A systematic survey was carried out in aquatic systems located at six localities： Kosti, A1-Kawwa, ELJebelein, Kenana cities, Om Elganateer and El Shawat islands. A total of 357 belonged to 16 species distributed in 4 families were recorded and observed. Family Libellulidae was dominant, with 9 species, followed by Coenagrionidae, Brachythemis leucosticte showed the highest abundance in compare with other species. ELJebelein area showed highest number of Odonata, while Kenana showed highest diversity, 11 species recorded from Kenana sugar scheme and Kenana Zoo Park, phyllornacrornia Africana and Olpogastra lugubris recorded only in Kenana. Agriocnemis exilis and lctinogornphus ferox were recorded for first time in Sudan展开更多
The present study was conducted to study the effect of feed restriction prior to slaughter on carcass weight of male broiler chicks from 32 to 40 days of age. A total number of 180 (Pure line) male broiler chicks were...The present study was conducted to study the effect of feed restriction prior to slaughter on carcass weight of male broiler chicks from 32 to 40 days of age. A total number of 180 (Pure line) male broiler chicks were taken randomly, labeled and divided into six groups. At 32 days of age, the experimental groups were put under the experimental feeding program. Group A fed ad libitum (control) while group B and C fed 120, 60 gm/bird/day for eight days, respectively. Group D and E fed 120, 60 gm/bird/day for four days respectively, followed by zero feeding for an extra 4 days. Group F deprived of food during the whole experimental period (8 days). The experimental diet was formulated to be approximately iso caloric-iso nitrogenous containing sorghum, groundnut cake, broiler concentrate, calcium, salt, lysine, methionine, and premix. The parameters taken were live body weight, feed intake, mortality, carcass, and non-carcass values. The effect of feed restriction program on male broiler chicks was not significant during the period from 32 to 34 days of age for parameters final live body weight, carcass weight, and dressing percentage, but net weight (gain or loss) was affected by feed restriction program and showed a significant difference (P < 0.01) between experimental groups. From 32 to 36 days of age male broilers subjected to feed restriction regimes showed the lowest reading for final live body weight, net weight (gain or loss) and carcass weight and the difference were significant (P 0.05) between experimental groups for dressing percentage during period from32 to 36 days of age. At the period from 32 to 38 days and the period from 32 to 40 days of age, all parameters were significantly affected by feed restriction program. It was concluded that carcass weight of broiler chickens can be controlled using different options of feed restriction programs according to the need of the market and the producer situation with special consideration to the economic return.展开更多
Three hundred and eleven honeybee samples from 12 countries in the Middle East and North Africa （MENA） （Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Yemen, Palestine, and Sudan） were anal...Three hundred and eleven honeybee samples from 12 countries in the Middle East and North Africa （MENA） （Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Yemen, Palestine, and Sudan） were analyzed for the presence of deformed wing virus （DWV）. The prevalence of DWV throughout the MENA region was pervasive, but variable. The highest prevalence was found in Lebanon and Syria, with prevalence dropping in Palestine, Jordan, and Egypt before increasing slightly moving westwards to Algeria and Morocco Phylogenetic analysis of a 194 nucleotide section of the DWV Lp gene did not identify any significant phylogenetic resolution among the samples, although the sequences did show consistent regional clustering, including an interesting geographic gradient from Morocco through North Africa to Jordan and Syria. The sequences revealed several clear variability hotspots in the deduced amino acid sequence, which furthermore showed some patterns of regional identity. Furthermore, the sequence variants from the Middle East and North Africa appear more numerous and diverse than those from Europe.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31360191, 31660220)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China (NZ16121)the Self-option and Foundation of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, China (YES-16-0402, NKYZ-16-0402)
文摘We studied gas-exchange, chlorophyll pigments, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, and biomass partitioning responses in seedlings of four wolfberry species （Lycium chinense Mill. var. potaninii （Pojark.） A. M. Lu, Lycium chinense Mill., Lycium barbarum L., and Lycium yunnanense Kuang ＆ A. M. Lu） under four water supply regimes. In all four species, drought affected seedlings in terms of chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate （Pn）＇ transpiration rate （E）, and lipid peroxidation. Drought also increased some antioxidant enzyme activities, such as peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and ascorbate peroxidase （APX）. Significant changes in dry biomass partitioning also occurred in response to water stress. In particular, dry biomass of leaves and fruits decreased significantly. L. chinense Mill. and L. barbarum L. possessed greater drought tolerance and exhibited superior antioxidant processing ability and other related physiological traits compared to the other two species. L. chinense Mill. was the most tolerant to all levels of drought. In contrast,L, yunnanense Kuang ＆ A. M. Lu was more affected by water supply and had the lowest resistance to drought stress. These findings would provide some important information regarding genetic resources for future forest tree improvement in relation to drought tolerance.
文摘This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis,so-called famine foods,that helped the people in Darfur and Kordofan,Sudan survive during the 1984-1985 famine.Four types of explants prepared from green mature zygotic embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 1-5 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA).The highest number of shoots per explant (14.3±0.9) was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BA,while the highest shoot length [(3.5±0.4) cm] was obtained with 1 mg/L BA.The shoot cluster,when subcultured to its same medium,significantly increased the rate of shoot multiplication by the end of the third subculture.The maximum mean number of shoots per explant (86.5±3.6) was produced after three multiplication cycles on 3 mg/L BA-supplemented medium.In vitro induced shoots were excised and rooted on half strength MS medium fortified with 0.25 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to obtain complete plantlets.B.senegalensis-regenerated plantlets obtained in vitro for the first time,were hardened and 95% survived under greenhouse conditions.
文摘White Nile state characterizes by rich healthy habitats especially wetlands which it supports the diversity of wildlife, Odonata species are actually poorly known in the White Nile region. A systematic survey was carried out in aquatic systems located at six localities： Kosti, A1-Kawwa, ELJebelein, Kenana cities, Om Elganateer and El Shawat islands. A total of 357 belonged to 16 species distributed in 4 families were recorded and observed. Family Libellulidae was dominant, with 9 species, followed by Coenagrionidae, Brachythemis leucosticte showed the highest abundance in compare with other species. ELJebelein area showed highest number of Odonata, while Kenana showed highest diversity, 11 species recorded from Kenana sugar scheme and Kenana Zoo Park, phyllornacrornia Africana and Olpogastra lugubris recorded only in Kenana. Agriocnemis exilis and lctinogornphus ferox were recorded for first time in Sudan
文摘The present study was conducted to study the effect of feed restriction prior to slaughter on carcass weight of male broiler chicks from 32 to 40 days of age. A total number of 180 (Pure line) male broiler chicks were taken randomly, labeled and divided into six groups. At 32 days of age, the experimental groups were put under the experimental feeding program. Group A fed ad libitum (control) while group B and C fed 120, 60 gm/bird/day for eight days, respectively. Group D and E fed 120, 60 gm/bird/day for four days respectively, followed by zero feeding for an extra 4 days. Group F deprived of food during the whole experimental period (8 days). The experimental diet was formulated to be approximately iso caloric-iso nitrogenous containing sorghum, groundnut cake, broiler concentrate, calcium, salt, lysine, methionine, and premix. The parameters taken were live body weight, feed intake, mortality, carcass, and non-carcass values. The effect of feed restriction program on male broiler chicks was not significant during the period from 32 to 34 days of age for parameters final live body weight, carcass weight, and dressing percentage, but net weight (gain or loss) was affected by feed restriction program and showed a significant difference (P < 0.01) between experimental groups. From 32 to 36 days of age male broilers subjected to feed restriction regimes showed the lowest reading for final live body weight, net weight (gain or loss) and carcass weight and the difference were significant (P 0.05) between experimental groups for dressing percentage during period from32 to 36 days of age. At the period from 32 to 38 days and the period from 32 to 40 days of age, all parameters were significantly affected by feed restriction program. It was concluded that carcass weight of broiler chickens can be controlled using different options of feed restriction programs according to the need of the market and the producer situation with special consideration to the economic return.
文摘Three hundred and eleven honeybee samples from 12 countries in the Middle East and North Africa （MENA） （Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Yemen, Palestine, and Sudan） were analyzed for the presence of deformed wing virus （DWV）. The prevalence of DWV throughout the MENA region was pervasive, but variable. The highest prevalence was found in Lebanon and Syria, with prevalence dropping in Palestine, Jordan, and Egypt before increasing slightly moving westwards to Algeria and Morocco Phylogenetic analysis of a 194 nucleotide section of the DWV Lp gene did not identify any significant phylogenetic resolution among the samples, although the sequences did show consistent regional clustering, including an interesting geographic gradient from Morocco through North Africa to Jordan and Syria. The sequences revealed several clear variability hotspots in the deduced amino acid sequence, which furthermore showed some patterns of regional identity. Furthermore, the sequence variants from the Middle East and North Africa appear more numerous and diverse than those from Europe.
