AIM: To investigate the association between the polymorphism of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and viral hepatitis B.METHODS: HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in 54patients with chronic hepatitis B, 30 patients wi...AIM: To investigate the association between the polymorphism of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and viral hepatitis B.METHODS: HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in 54patients with chronic hepatitis B, 30 patients with acute hepatitis B and 106 normal control subjects were analyzed by using the polymerase chain reaction/sequence specific primer (PCR/SSP) technique.RESULTS: The allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*0301 in the chronic hepatitis B group was markedly higher than that in the normal control group (17.31% VS 5.67%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2= 12.3068,Pc=0.0074, RR=4.15). The allele frequency of HLADQA1*0501 in the chronic hepatitis B group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (25.96% VS 13.68%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=9.2002, PC＝0.0157, RR=2.87). The allele frequency of HLA-DQB1*0301 in the chronic hepatitis B group was notably higher than that in the normal control group (35.58%vs 18.87%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=15.5938, PC=0.0075, RR=4.07). The allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*1101/1104 in the chronic hepatitis B group was obviously lower than that in the normal control group (0.96% VS 13.33%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=11.9206, PC=0.0145, RR=18.55). The allele frequency of HLA-DQA1*0301 in the chronic hepatitis B group was remarkably lower than that in the normal control group (14.42% VS30%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=8.7396, Pc=0.0167, RR=0.35).CONCLUSION: HLA-DRB1*0301, HLA-DQA1*0501 and HLA-DQB1*0301 are closely related with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B, and HLA-DRB1*1101/1104 and HLADQA1*0301 are closely related with resistance to chronic hepatitis B. These findings suggest that host HLA class Ⅱ gene is an important factor determining the outcome of HBV infection.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of heparin-derived oligosaccharides (Oligs) on secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) from human peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBTLs).METHODS: Oligs were...AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of heparin-derived oligosaccharides (Oligs) on secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) from human peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBTLs).METHODS: Oligs were prepared by three different heparin depolymerization methods and separated by gel filtration chromatography. PBTLs from ten adult patients with allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis were treated with phytahematoagglutinin (PHA) and Oligs. The supernatants from the cell culture of PBTLs were harvested and subjected to the determination of IL-4 and IL-5 contents by ELISA method.RESULTS: At the concentration of 5μg/mL, Oligs with different Mr had different effects on the secretion of IL-4 and IL-5. The tetrasaccharide with Mr of 1 142, produced by depolymerizing heparin with hydrogen peroxide, had the strongest inhibitory effect on the secretion of IL-4. It decreased the IL-4 content from 375.6±39.2 ng/L (PHA group) to 12.5±5.7 ng/L (P<0.01). The hexasaccharide with Mr of I 806, produced by depolymerizing heparin with βelimination method, had the strongest inhibitory effect on the secretion of IL-5. It decreased the IL-5 content from 289.2±33.4 ng/L (PHA group) to 22.0±5.2 ng/L (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The inhibitory activity of Oligs on the secretion of IL-4 and IL-5 from human PBTLs closely depends on their molecular structure, and there may be an essential structure to act as an inhibitor. The most effective inhibitors of IL-4 and IL-5 secretion are tetrasaccharides and hexasaccharides, respectively.展开更多
Ciprofloxacin loaded microspheres were prepared by spray drying technique, with bovine serum albumin as the natural biodegradable wall materials. The obtained microspheres, using aqueous system, were organic solvent-f...Ciprofloxacin loaded microspheres were prepared by spray drying technique, with bovine serum albumin as the natural biodegradable wall materials. The obtained microspheres, using aqueous system, were organic solvent-free. The diameters of the spherical microspheres were in the range of 1-5 1:4. The drug entrapment of microspheres, formulated with different ciprofloxacin/albumin ratios as 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4, were 46.93%, 32.96% and 20.56% (n=3). And the encapsulation efflciencies for ciprofloxacin during spray drying were higher than 90%. Thermal denaturation programs at different temperatures (100-120℃) for different time intervals (3-6-12 h) were further processed to stabilize the spray-dried microspheres. The higher the extent for thermal denaturation, the slower the rate of ciprofloxacin released from microspheres in vitro. So the release rate of ciprofloxacin from microspheres can be controlled by modifing the conditions of thermal denaturation.展开更多
AIM: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of a Chinese medicine compound Changtong oral liquid (CT) on tissue plasminogen activity (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), TGF-β1 and hydroxyproline (...AIM: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of a Chinese medicine compound Changtong oral liquid (CT) on tissue plasminogen activity (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), TGF-β1 and hydroxyproline (OHP). METHODS: Two sets of animal experiments were performed in the present study. Forty New Zealand rabbits and 48 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned randomly to one of the five groups: sham adhesion, adhesion with saline, adhesion with low dosage of the CT, adhesion with middle dosage of the CT and adhesion with high dosage of the CT. t-PA and PAI activity in plasma, OHP and TGF-β1 expression in adhesion were investigated. Analysis of variance was used to test differences among groups. RESULTS: CT treatment increased plasma t-PA activity in rabbits but decreased TGF-β1 activity in rats. The data were expressed from low to high dose respectively as follows: t-PA, 46.1±8.6 μkat/L, 59.6±10.1 μkat/L, 64.0±11.5 μkat/L; TGF-β1 28±7.23%, 31±3.05%, 30±4.04%. There were significant differences compared with saline-treated animals (t-PA 26.4±5.1 μkat/L, TGF-β1 54±5.51%). OHP content in cecum of rabbits from middle and high but not low dose of CT lowered significantly as compared with saline-treated rabbits, 0.3641±0.1373, 0.3348±0.0321, 0.2757±0.0497 mg/g vs 0.4183±0.0883 mg/g of protein, P>0.05, P<0.05, P<0.05 respectively. The rabbit plasma PAI activity and OHP content in abdominal wall had no difference in all groups. CONCLUSION: CT treatment significantly enhanced t-PA activity in rabbits, but decreased TGF-β1 content in rats, OHP content in cecum of rabbits, and failed to affect the activity of PAI and OHP content in abdominal wall in rabbits, compared with saline group. The result suggests that CT could effectively prevent adhesions without interfering wound healina.展开更多
Objective: To explore the activities of Composite Artemisia Capillaris Tablet (复方茵陈片, CACT) against hepatitis B virus replication in vitro . Methods: By means of radioimmunoassay (RIA), Dot blot and Southern blo...Objective: To explore the activities of Composite Artemisia Capillaris Tablet (复方茵陈片, CACT) against hepatitis B virus replication in vitro . Methods: By means of radioimmunoassay (RIA), Dot blot and Southern blot, the surface and e antigen production of 2.2.15 cells, HBV DNA in 2.2.15 cell culture medium and that in 2.2.15 cells were examined respectively. Results: HBsAg, HBeAg values of 2.2.15 cells treated by CACT were lower than those of the control, the HBV DNA quantities in culture medium and in 2.2.15 cells decreased as compared with those cells with no treatment by CACT given to them. Conclusion: CACT could inhibit HBV DNA replication, showing its potential antiviral activity in hepatitis B treatment.展开更多
A new compound, desmosdumotin A (1), was isolated from the roots of Desmos dumosus (Roxb.) Saff. Its chemical structure was established as 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-formyl-3-benzoyl-2,6-dimethyl-2R,3S-dihy-drochromone on ...A new compound, desmosdumotin A (1), was isolated from the roots of Desmos dumosus (Roxb.) Saff. Its chemical structure was established as 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-formyl-3-benzoyl-2,6-dimethyl-2R,3S-dihy-drochromone on the basis of spectral methods, including ^1H-^1H COSY, ^1H-^13C COSY, and HMBC as well as single-crystal X-ray analysis.展开更多
Aim To determine five organic acids in Radix Isatidis . Method The extraction method and the column partition chromatographic conditions were studied. Then a capillary zone electrophoretic method was set up for t...Aim To determine five organic acids in Radix Isatidis . Method The extraction method and the column partition chromatographic conditions were studied. Then a capillary zone electrophoretic method was set up for the determination. Results The linear ranges of quinazolinone acid, n anthranilic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, and syringic acid were 5 52-92 0 μg·mL -1 , 5 12-102 μg·mL -1 , 2 28-84 4 μg·mL-1 , 4 78-159 μg·mL -1 , and 1 74-87 0 μg·mL -1 respectively. Conclusion The established method is accurate and simple.展开更多
Four new oxypregnane-oligoglycosides, mucronatosides A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4), together with one known stephanoside E (5) were isolated from the stems of Stephanotis mucronata (Blanco) Merr.. Their chemical st...Four new oxypregnane-oligoglycosides, mucronatosides A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4), together with one known stephanoside E (5) were isolated from the stems of Stephanotis mucronata (Blanco) Merr.. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of chemical and extensive spectroscopic methods including one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR.展开更多
Acrylonitrile reacts with aryl iodides in the presence of tri-n-butylamine and a catalytic amount of a silica-bound arsine palladium(0) complex to afford stereoselectively (E)-cinnamo- nitriles in high yields.
A newly synthesized reagent 2-amino-5-mercapto-[1, 3, 4]triazole (MATZ) has been usedto fabricate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrode for the first time. The SAMselectrode was characterized by electroch...A newly synthesized reagent 2-amino-5-mercapto-[1, 3, 4]triazole (MATZ) has been usedto fabricate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrode for the first time. The SAMselectrode was characterized by electrochemical methods and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM),the SAMs electrode can be used to determinate dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) simultaneouslywith a detection limit of 8×10-7 mol/L for DA and 1×10-6 mol/L for UA respectively. The SAMscan also be used to detect the contents of DA and UA in synthetic urine sample with satisfactoryresults.展开更多
Aim:To establish a simple high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of captopril in human plasma and study the phamacokinetics of captopril in healthy volunteers.Methods:Captopril was stabili...Aim:To establish a simple high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of captopril in human plasma and study the phamacokinetics of captopril in healthy volunteers.Methods:Captopril was stabilized by forming an adduct with p-bromophenacyl bromide and this adduct in plasma was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection following a single oral dose 50mg of captopril test and reference preparations respectively given to 18 healthy volunteers.Results:The standard curve was liner over a range of 25-1200ng·mL^-1.The quantitative limit of detection was 25ng·mL^-1.The RSD of inter-and intra-assay were below 8%.On the basis of elaborated method,single-dose pharmacokinetics in 18 healthy volunteers have been investigated.The comparison of the pharmacokinetic parameters was performed.The pharmacokinetic parameters of test and reference tablets were calculated as follows:tmax were (0.64±0.18)h and (0.82±0.41)h;Cmax were (600.2±194.3)ng·mL^-1 and (582.7±175.3)ng·mL^-1.AUC0→gh were (1448.5±483.7)ng·h·mL^-1 and (1389.9±392.5)ng·h·mL^-1;AUC0→∞ were (1869.4±701.6)ng·h·mL^-1 and (1781±615.5)ng·h·mL^-1and (1389.9±392.5)ng·h·mL^-1;AUC0→∞were (1869.4±701.6)ng·h·mL^-1 and (1781.8±615.5)ng·h·mL^-1,respectively.Conclusion:The improved analytical method for captopril was found to be sensitive,simple and rapid,suitable for application in pharmacokinetic studies and routine determination of numerous samples.展开更多
AIM: To characterize the receptor binding affinity and cytotoxicity of insulin-methotrexate (MTX) for the potential utilization of insulin as carriers for carcinoma target drugs.METHODS: MTX was covalently linked to i...AIM: To characterize the receptor binding affinity and cytotoxicity of insulin-methotrexate (MTX) for the potential utilization of insulin as carriers for carcinoma target drugs.METHODS: MTX was covalently linked to insulin. Insulin-MTX conjugate was purified by Sephadex G-25 column and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography.Hepatocellular carcinoma cell membrane fractions were isolated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation.Competitive displacement of ^125Ⅰ-insulin with insulin and insulin-MTX binding to insulin receptors were carried out.Cytoreductive effect of insulin-MTX on human hepatoma BEL7402 cells and human hepatocyte cell line HL7702 was evaluated using the MTT assay.RESULTS: Insulin-MTX competed as effectively as insulin with^125Ⅰ-insulin for insulin receptors. The values of Kd for insulin-MTX and insulin were 93.82±19.32 nmol/L and 5.01±1.24 nmol/L, respectively. The value of Kd for insulin-MTX was significantly increased in comparison with insulin(t=7.2532, n=4, P<0.005). Insulin-MTX inhibited the growth of human hepatoma cells (BEL7402) almost as potently as MTX. The inhibitory effect reached a peak on the 5 th day when the growth of cells was inhibited by 79% at aconcentration of 5.0 μg/mL insulin-MTX. Treatment with 5.0 μg/mL of MTX and 5.0 μg/mL of insulin-MTX merely resulted in inhibition of HL7702 cells by 31.5% and 7.8% on the 5 th day.CONCLUSION: Insulin-MTX specifically recognizes insulin receptors and inhibits the growth of BEL7402 cells. These results suggest that insulin can be used as a carrier in receptor mediated carcinoma-targeting therapy.展开更多
In order to overcome the elementary heterogeneous nucleation whileoctahydro trisodium salt of fructose- 1, 6-diphosphate (FDPNa_3·8H_2O) is crystallized with ethanol precipitation at low temperature,a new crystal...In order to overcome the elementary heterogeneous nucleation whileoctahydro trisodium salt of fructose- 1, 6-diphosphate (FDPNa_3·8H_2O) is crystallized with ethanol precipitation at low temperature,a new crystallization method with alcohol precipitation combined withsalt precipitation has been presented. The ethanol-sodium ac- etatesystem for crystallization of salt of fructose-1, 6-diphosphate isbased on the mechanism of crystallization of FDPNA_3·8H_2O in theethanol-low temperature system. It is found that crystal size may becontrolled by regulating Temperature of pH value of solution in thecrystallization process, and the crystal yield increases to 95/100from 78/100 Which obtained in the ethanol-low temperature system.展开更多
Breviscapine has extensive effects and its main active component is scutellarin.This study established a solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) method for determining scutellarin in p...Breviscapine has extensive effects and its main active component is scutellarin.This study established a solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) method for determining scutellarin in plasma,and studied its pharmacokinetics after iv breviscapine in rabbits.Methanol-water-phosphoric acid was used as mobile phase,Nucleosil C18 column was welected.Plasma samples were pretreated by solid phase extraction.Fifteen rabbits(3 groups) were given breviscapine by iv at the dose of 10.0,20.0 and 40.0mg·kg^-1,respectively.Scutellarin in plasma was determined.The linearity was obtained over the range of 0.02-10.0mg·L^-1.The limit of detection was 0.02mg·L^-1.After iv breviscapine in rabbits,the concentration-time curves of scutellarin was fitted to three compartment model.The results showed that this assay method was accurate,sensitive and simple.The changes of drug concentration in vivo exhibited linear kinetics over the dosage range of 10.0-20.0mg·kg^-1,but when dosage was 40.0mg·kg^-1,the linear kinetic properties did not exist.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effect of derrnatan sulfate (DS) derivatives on platelet surface P-selectin expression and blood activated protein C (APC) activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to cla...AIM: To investigate the effect of derrnatan sulfate (DS) derivatives on platelet surface P-selectin expression and blood activated protein C (APC) activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to clarity the antiinflammatory mechanism of DS derivatives.METHODS: Derrnatan sulfate (DS) was sulfated with chlorosulfonic acid to prepare polysulfated derrnatan sulfate (PSDS). The major disaccharides of DS and PSDS were determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (^1H-NMR) and ^13NMR. Both DS and PSDS were depolymerized with hydrogen peroxide. The fragments were separated by gel filtration chromatography. The effects of DS derivatives on P-selectin expression were assayed by ELISA method,and blood APC activity was assayed by the synthetic chrornogenic substrate method.RESULTS: The major disaccharides of DS and PSDS were IdoA-1→3-GalNAc-4-SO3 and IdoA-2SO3-1→3-GalNAc4, 6diSO3, respectively. Compared with the adenosine diphosphate stimulated group and IBD control group, DS and its derivatives all had significant inhibitory effects on P-selectin expression (P<0.01), but there was no difference between DS-derived oligosaccharides (DSOSs) and PSDS-derived oligosaccharides (PSDSOSs). The experiments on APC activity showed that DS and its derivatives all enhanced APC activity. The most active DSOS was the one with a relative molecular weight (Mr) of 4 825, which enhanced the APC activity from106.5±11.5% to 181.8±22.3% (P<0.01). With the decreaseof Mr, the activity of DSOSs decreased gradually. The effect of PSDS on APC activity enhancement was more significant than that of DS, and the APC activity was raised to 205.2±22.1% (P<0.01). All the PSDSOSs were more active than DSOSs on the basis of comparable Mr. With the decrease of Mr, the activity of PSDSOSs increased gradually, and the most active PSDSOS was PSDSOS3 with Mr of 2 749, which enhanced the APC activity to 331.2:1:27.8% (P<0.01), then the activity of PSDSOSs decreased gradually.CONCLUSION: DS and its derivatives can significantly inhibit P-selectin expression on platelet surface, but the effect has no correlation with DS molecular mass and sulfation.The effect of DS or its derivatives on APC activity at molecular level involves complex mechanisms that depend on the molecular mass, the degree of sulfation, and the heterogeneous composition of DS. On the same molecular size, the higher the degree of DS sulfation, the more significant the effect on enhancing APC activity.展开更多
Z)-á-Bromovinylstannanes undergo the cross-coupling reaction with alkynyl iodides in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 and CuI in THF at room temperature to afford stereoselectively (E)-1, 3- enynyl bromides in good yields.
Microsomal glutathion S-transferase(mGST) is one of the important detoxifcation enzymes in vivo,its modifying activation by drugs has been paid more attention to in pertinent field recently.This study was to explore t...Microsomal glutathion S-transferase(mGST) is one of the important detoxifcation enzymes in vivo,its modifying activation by drugs has been paid more attention to in pertinent field recently.This study was to explore the influence of paracetamol(Par) on mGST and its possible mechanism in vivo,and to further reveal the biological significance.Par is metabolized to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine(NAPQI) by CYP2E1 and mGST is activated by sulfhydryl modification.展开更多
Membrane-associated microsomal glutathione S-transferase-I (mGST-I) is activated easily by alkyl agent or electrophilic metabolite.It was expected that toxic drugs and their metabolites derived from biotransformation ...Membrane-associated microsomal glutathione S-transferase-I (mGST-I) is activated easily by alkyl agent or electrophilic metabolite.It was expected that toxic drugs and their metabolites derived from biotransformation by cytochrome P-450 maybe bind to and activate the mGST-I that can accelerate the metabolism of drugs to form inactive metabolites and simultaneously protect cell from damages.The aim of the present study was to investigate whether mGST-I is activated by cyclophosphamide(CP) treatment and to explore the possible mechanism in vivo.The results suggested that the main mechanism of mGST-I activation caused by overdose CP treatment is the unique sulfhydryl modification on its Cys-49.展开更多
It was reported that artemisinin derivatives in high does could lead to neurotoxicity in rat,dog and monkey.Using artemether as a representative,neurotoxicity and its mechanism of artemisinin derivatives was studied i...It was reported that artemisinin derivatives in high does could lead to neurotoxicity in rat,dog and monkey.Using artemether as a representative,neurotoxicity and its mechanism of artemisinin derivatives was studied in vitro.MTT assay showed that artemether could affect MTT transformation of pheochromocytoma cell significantly.The morphologic result showed that artemisinin mainly injured mitochondria of pheochromocytoma cells and primary cultured rat neural cells with mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial crista decreasing,rupturing and disappearing,and degeneration.Artemisinin could decrease mitochondrial transmembrane potential in both cell types in a dose-dependent manner and inhibit activity of the complex I and Ⅳ of mitochondria respiratory chain of rat brain.but the production of malondialdehyde in rat cerebral cortex mitochondria wasn't increased by artemether.Based on these experiments,it may infer that one of the neurotoxic mechanism of arfemether lies on its effects on the structure and function of mitochondria of neural cell.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the association between the polymorphism of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and viral hepatitis B.METHODS: HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in 54patients with chronic hepatitis B, 30 patients with acute hepatitis B and 106 normal control subjects were analyzed by using the polymerase chain reaction/sequence specific primer (PCR/SSP) technique.RESULTS: The allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*0301 in the chronic hepatitis B group was markedly higher than that in the normal control group (17.31% VS 5.67%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2= 12.3068,Pc=0.0074, RR=4.15). The allele frequency of HLADQA1*0501 in the chronic hepatitis B group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (25.96% VS 13.68%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=9.2002, PC＝0.0157, RR=2.87). The allele frequency of HLA-DQB1*0301 in the chronic hepatitis B group was notably higher than that in the normal control group (35.58%vs 18.87%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=15.5938, PC=0.0075, RR=4.07). The allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*1101/1104 in the chronic hepatitis B group was obviously lower than that in the normal control group (0.96% VS 13.33%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=11.9206, PC=0.0145, RR=18.55). The allele frequency of HLA-DQA1*0301 in the chronic hepatitis B group was remarkably lower than that in the normal control group (14.42% VS30%), there was a significant correlation between them (χ2=8.7396, Pc=0.0167, RR=0.35).CONCLUSION: HLA-DRB1*0301, HLA-DQA1*0501 and HLA-DQB1*0301 are closely related with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B, and HLA-DRB1*1101/1104 and HLADQA1*0301 are closely related with resistance to chronic hepatitis B. These findings suggest that host HLA class Ⅱ gene is an important factor determining the outcome of HBV infection.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30370613 and the Major state Basic Research Development Program of China,2001CCA01600
文摘AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of heparin-derived oligosaccharides (Oligs) on secretion of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) from human peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBTLs).METHODS: Oligs were prepared by three different heparin depolymerization methods and separated by gel filtration chromatography. PBTLs from ten adult patients with allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis were treated with phytahematoagglutinin (PHA) and Oligs. The supernatants from the cell culture of PBTLs were harvested and subjected to the determination of IL-4 and IL-5 contents by ELISA method.RESULTS: At the concentration of 5μg/mL, Oligs with different Mr had different effects on the secretion of IL-4 and IL-5. The tetrasaccharide with Mr of 1 142, produced by depolymerizing heparin with hydrogen peroxide, had the strongest inhibitory effect on the secretion of IL-4. It decreased the IL-4 content from 375.6±39.2 ng/L (PHA group) to 12.5±5.7 ng/L (P<0.01). The hexasaccharide with Mr of I 806, produced by depolymerizing heparin with βelimination method, had the strongest inhibitory effect on the secretion of IL-5. It decreased the IL-5 content from 289.2±33.4 ng/L (PHA group) to 22.0±5.2 ng/L (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The inhibitory activity of Oligs on the secretion of IL-4 and IL-5 from human PBTLs closely depends on their molecular structure, and there may be an essential structure to act as an inhibitor. The most effective inhibitors of IL-4 and IL-5 secretion are tetrasaccharides and hexasaccharides, respectively.
文摘Ciprofloxacin loaded microspheres were prepared by spray drying technique, with bovine serum albumin as the natural biodegradable wall materials. The obtained microspheres, using aqueous system, were organic solvent-free. The diameters of the spherical microspheres were in the range of 1-5 1:4. The drug entrapment of microspheres, formulated with different ciprofloxacin/albumin ratios as 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4, were 46.93%, 32.96% and 20.56% (n=3). And the encapsulation efflciencies for ciprofloxacin during spray drying were higher than 90%. Thermal denaturation programs at different temperatures (100-120℃) for different time intervals (3-6-12 h) were further processed to stabilize the spray-dried microspheres. The higher the extent for thermal denaturation, the slower the rate of ciprofloxacin released from microspheres in vitro. So the release rate of ciprofloxacin from microspheres can be controlled by modifing the conditions of thermal denaturation.
基金Supported by the National New Drug Foundation of China, No.96-901-05-245
文摘AIM: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of a Chinese medicine compound Changtong oral liquid (CT) on tissue plasminogen activity (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), TGF-β1 and hydroxyproline (OHP). METHODS: Two sets of animal experiments were performed in the present study. Forty New Zealand rabbits and 48 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned randomly to one of the five groups: sham adhesion, adhesion with saline, adhesion with low dosage of the CT, adhesion with middle dosage of the CT and adhesion with high dosage of the CT. t-PA and PAI activity in plasma, OHP and TGF-β1 expression in adhesion were investigated. Analysis of variance was used to test differences among groups. RESULTS: CT treatment increased plasma t-PA activity in rabbits but decreased TGF-β1 activity in rats. The data were expressed from low to high dose respectively as follows: t-PA, 46.1±8.6 μkat/L, 59.6±10.1 μkat/L, 64.0±11.5 μkat/L; TGF-β1 28±7.23%, 31±3.05%, 30±4.04%. There were significant differences compared with saline-treated animals (t-PA 26.4±5.1 μkat/L, TGF-β1 54±5.51%). OHP content in cecum of rabbits from middle and high but not low dose of CT lowered significantly as compared with saline-treated rabbits, 0.3641±0.1373, 0.3348±0.0321, 0.2757±0.0497 mg/g vs 0.4183±0.0883 mg/g of protein, P>0.05, P<0.05, P<0.05 respectively. The rabbit plasma PAI activity and OHP content in abdominal wall had no difference in all groups. CONCLUSION: CT treatment significantly enhanced t-PA activity in rabbits, but decreased TGF-β1 content in rats, OHP content in cecum of rabbits, and failed to affect the activity of PAI and OHP content in abdominal wall in rabbits, compared with saline group. The result suggests that CT could effectively prevent adhesions without interfering wound healina.
基金Supported by the Project of Military Science during the 9th Five Year Plan Period (No. 01G19) and the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 39970911)
文摘Objective: To explore the activities of Composite Artemisia Capillaris Tablet (复方茵陈片, CACT) against hepatitis B virus replication in vitro . Methods: By means of radioimmunoassay (RIA), Dot blot and Southern blot, the surface and e antigen production of 2.2.15 cells, HBV DNA in 2.2.15 cell culture medium and that in 2.2.15 cells were examined respectively. Results: HBsAg, HBeAg values of 2.2.15 cells treated by CACT were lower than those of the control, the HBV DNA quantities in culture medium and in 2.2.15 cells decreased as compared with those cells with no treatment by CACT given to them. Conclusion: CACT could inhibit HBV DNA replication, showing its potential antiviral activity in hepatitis B treatment.
文摘A new compound, desmosdumotin A (1), was isolated from the roots of Desmos dumosus (Roxb.) Saff. Its chemical structure was established as 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-formyl-3-benzoyl-2,6-dimethyl-2R,3S-dihy-drochromone on the basis of spectral methods, including ^1H-^1H COSY, ^1H-^13C COSY, and HMBC as well as single-crystal X-ray analysis.
文摘Aim To determine five organic acids in Radix Isatidis . Method The extraction method and the column partition chromatographic conditions were studied. Then a capillary zone electrophoretic method was set up for the determination. Results The linear ranges of quinazolinone acid, n anthranilic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, and syringic acid were 5 52-92 0 μg·mL -1 , 5 12-102 μg·mL -1 , 2 28-84 4 μg·mL-1 , 4 78-159 μg·mL -1 , and 1 74-87 0 μg·mL -1 respectively. Conclusion The established method is accurate and simple.
文摘Four new oxypregnane-oligoglycosides, mucronatosides A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4), together with one known stephanoside E (5) were isolated from the stems of Stephanotis mucronata (Blanco) Merr.. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of chemical and extensive spectroscopic methods including one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR.
文摘Acrylonitrile reacts with aryl iodides in the presence of tri-n-butylamine and a catalytic amount of a silica-bound arsine palladium(0) complex to afford stereoselectively (E)-cinnamo- nitriles in high yields.
文摘A newly synthesized reagent 2-amino-5-mercapto-[1, 3, 4]triazole (MATZ) has been usedto fabricate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrode for the first time. The SAMselectrode was characterized by electrochemical methods and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM),the SAMs electrode can be used to determinate dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) simultaneouslywith a detection limit of 8×10-7 mol/L for DA and 1×10-6 mol/L for UA respectively. The SAMscan also be used to detect the contents of DA and UA in synthetic urine sample with satisfactoryresults.
文摘Aim:To establish a simple high-performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of captopril in human plasma and study the phamacokinetics of captopril in healthy volunteers.Methods:Captopril was stabilized by forming an adduct with p-bromophenacyl bromide and this adduct in plasma was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection following a single oral dose 50mg of captopril test and reference preparations respectively given to 18 healthy volunteers.Results:The standard curve was liner over a range of 25-1200ng·mL^-1.The quantitative limit of detection was 25ng·mL^-1.The RSD of inter-and intra-assay were below 8%.On the basis of elaborated method,single-dose pharmacokinetics in 18 healthy volunteers have been investigated.The comparison of the pharmacokinetic parameters was performed.The pharmacokinetic parameters of test and reference tablets were calculated as follows:tmax were (0.64±0.18)h and (0.82±0.41)h;Cmax were (600.2±194.3)ng·mL^-1 and (582.7±175.3)ng·mL^-1.AUC0→gh were (1448.5±483.7)ng·h·mL^-1 and (1389.9±392.5)ng·h·mL^-1;AUC0→∞ were (1869.4±701.6)ng·h·mL^-1 and (1781±615.5)ng·h·mL^-1and (1389.9±392.5)ng·h·mL^-1;AUC0→∞were (1869.4±701.6)ng·h·mL^-1 and (1781.8±615.5)ng·h·mL^-1,respectively.Conclusion:The improved analytical method for captopril was found to be sensitive,simple and rapid,suitable for application in pharmacokinetic studies and routine determination of numerous samples.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30270415
文摘AIM: To characterize the receptor binding affinity and cytotoxicity of insulin-methotrexate (MTX) for the potential utilization of insulin as carriers for carcinoma target drugs.METHODS: MTX was covalently linked to insulin. Insulin-MTX conjugate was purified by Sephadex G-25 column and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography.Hepatocellular carcinoma cell membrane fractions were isolated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation.Competitive displacement of ^125Ⅰ-insulin with insulin and insulin-MTX binding to insulin receptors were carried out.Cytoreductive effect of insulin-MTX on human hepatoma BEL7402 cells and human hepatocyte cell line HL7702 was evaluated using the MTT assay.RESULTS: Insulin-MTX competed as effectively as insulin with^125Ⅰ-insulin for insulin receptors. The values of Kd for insulin-MTX and insulin were 93.82±19.32 nmol/L and 5.01±1.24 nmol/L, respectively. The value of Kd for insulin-MTX was significantly increased in comparison with insulin(t=7.2532, n=4, P<0.005). Insulin-MTX inhibited the growth of human hepatoma cells (BEL7402) almost as potently as MTX. The inhibitory effect reached a peak on the 5 th day when the growth of cells was inhibited by 79% at aconcentration of 5.0 μg/mL insulin-MTX. Treatment with 5.0 μg/mL of MTX and 5.0 μg/mL of insulin-MTX merely resulted in inhibition of HL7702 cells by 31.5% and 7.8% on the 5 th day.CONCLUSION: Insulin-MTX specifically recognizes insulin receptors and inhibits the growth of BEL7402 cells. These results suggest that insulin can be used as a carrier in receptor mediated carcinoma-targeting therapy.
基金Supported by the National Eighth Five-Year Key Project of China.
文摘In order to overcome the elementary heterogeneous nucleation whileoctahydro trisodium salt of fructose- 1, 6-diphosphate (FDPNa_3·8H_2O) is crystallized with ethanol precipitation at low temperature,a new crystallization method with alcohol precipitation combined withsalt precipitation has been presented. The ethanol-sodium ac- etatesystem for crystallization of salt of fructose-1, 6-diphosphate isbased on the mechanism of crystallization of FDPNA_3·8H_2O in theethanol-low temperature system. It is found that crystal size may becontrolled by regulating Temperature of pH value of solution in thecrystallization process, and the crystal yield increases to 95/100from 78/100 Which obtained in the ethanol-low temperature system.
文摘Breviscapine has extensive effects and its main active component is scutellarin.This study established a solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC) method for determining scutellarin in plasma,and studied its pharmacokinetics after iv breviscapine in rabbits.Methanol-water-phosphoric acid was used as mobile phase,Nucleosil C18 column was welected.Plasma samples were pretreated by solid phase extraction.Fifteen rabbits(3 groups) were given breviscapine by iv at the dose of 10.0,20.0 and 40.0mg·kg^-1,respectively.Scutellarin in plasma was determined.The linearity was obtained over the range of 0.02-10.0mg·L^-1.The limit of detection was 0.02mg·L^-1.After iv breviscapine in rabbits,the concentration-time curves of scutellarin was fitted to three compartment model.The results showed that this assay method was accurate,sensitive and simple.The changes of drug concentration in vivo exhibited linear kinetics over the dosage range of 10.0-20.0mg·kg^-1,but when dosage was 40.0mg·kg^-1,the linear kinetic properties did not exist.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30370613,and the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China,No.2001CCA01600,and the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,No.Y2000C22
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of derrnatan sulfate (DS) derivatives on platelet surface P-selectin expression and blood activated protein C (APC) activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to clarity the antiinflammatory mechanism of DS derivatives.METHODS: Derrnatan sulfate (DS) was sulfated with chlorosulfonic acid to prepare polysulfated derrnatan sulfate (PSDS). The major disaccharides of DS and PSDS were determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (^1H-NMR) and ^13NMR. Both DS and PSDS were depolymerized with hydrogen peroxide. The fragments were separated by gel filtration chromatography. The effects of DS derivatives on P-selectin expression were assayed by ELISA method,and blood APC activity was assayed by the synthetic chrornogenic substrate method.RESULTS: The major disaccharides of DS and PSDS were IdoA-1→3-GalNAc-4-SO3 and IdoA-2SO3-1→3-GalNAc4, 6diSO3, respectively. Compared with the adenosine diphosphate stimulated group and IBD control group, DS and its derivatives all had significant inhibitory effects on P-selectin expression (P<0.01), but there was no difference between DS-derived oligosaccharides (DSOSs) and PSDS-derived oligosaccharides (PSDSOSs). The experiments on APC activity showed that DS and its derivatives all enhanced APC activity. The most active DSOS was the one with a relative molecular weight (Mr) of 4 825, which enhanced the APC activity from106.5±11.5% to 181.8±22.3% (P<0.01). With the decreaseof Mr, the activity of DSOSs decreased gradually. The effect of PSDS on APC activity enhancement was more significant than that of DS, and the APC activity was raised to 205.2±22.1% (P<0.01). All the PSDSOSs were more active than DSOSs on the basis of comparable Mr. With the decrease of Mr, the activity of PSDSOSs increased gradually, and the most active PSDSOS was PSDSOS3 with Mr of 2 749, which enhanced the APC activity to 331.2:1:27.8% (P<0.01), then the activity of PSDSOSs decreased gradually.CONCLUSION: DS and its derivatives can significantly inhibit P-selectin expression on platelet surface, but the effect has no correlation with DS molecular mass and sulfation.The effect of DS or its derivatives on APC activity at molecular level involves complex mechanisms that depend on the molecular mass, the degree of sulfation, and the heterogeneous composition of DS. On the same molecular size, the higher the degree of DS sulfation, the more significant the effect on enhancing APC activity.
文摘Z)-á-Bromovinylstannanes undergo the cross-coupling reaction with alkynyl iodides in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 and CuI in THF at room temperature to afford stereoselectively (E)-1, 3- enynyl bromides in good yields.
文摘Microsomal glutathion S-transferase(mGST) is one of the important detoxifcation enzymes in vivo,its modifying activation by drugs has been paid more attention to in pertinent field recently.This study was to explore the influence of paracetamol(Par) on mGST and its possible mechanism in vivo,and to further reveal the biological significance.Par is metabolized to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine(NAPQI) by CYP2E1 and mGST is activated by sulfhydryl modification.
文摘Membrane-associated microsomal glutathione S-transferase-I (mGST-I) is activated easily by alkyl agent or electrophilic metabolite.It was expected that toxic drugs and their metabolites derived from biotransformation by cytochrome P-450 maybe bind to and activate the mGST-I that can accelerate the metabolism of drugs to form inactive metabolites and simultaneously protect cell from damages.The aim of the present study was to investigate whether mGST-I is activated by cyclophosphamide(CP) treatment and to explore the possible mechanism in vivo.The results suggested that the main mechanism of mGST-I activation caused by overdose CP treatment is the unique sulfhydryl modification on its Cys-49.
文摘It was reported that artemisinin derivatives in high does could lead to neurotoxicity in rat,dog and monkey.Using artemether as a representative,neurotoxicity and its mechanism of artemisinin derivatives was studied in vitro.MTT assay showed that artemether could affect MTT transformation of pheochromocytoma cell significantly.The morphologic result showed that artemisinin mainly injured mitochondria of pheochromocytoma cells and primary cultured rat neural cells with mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial crista decreasing,rupturing and disappearing,and degeneration.Artemisinin could decrease mitochondrial transmembrane potential in both cell types in a dose-dependent manner and inhibit activity of the complex I and Ⅳ of mitochondria respiratory chain of rat brain.but the production of malondialdehyde in rat cerebral cortex mitochondria wasn't increased by artemether.Based on these experiments,it may infer that one of the neurotoxic mechanism of arfemether lies on its effects on the structure and function of mitochondria of neural cell.
