AIM:To compare changes in anterior segment topography and axial length(AL)evaluated with Pentacam and IOL Master after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)performed with and without vitreous base shaving.METHODS:This prospectiv...AIM:To compare changes in anterior segment topography and axial length(AL)evaluated with Pentacam and IOL Master after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)performed with and without vitreous base shaving.METHODS:This prospective study included patients who underwent PPV or phacoemulsification+PPV(Phaco+PPV)for various indications.Patients who underwent total posterior hyaloid detachment and excessive vitreous base shaving with scleral indentation were referred to as complete PPV(c-PPV).The patients whom posterior hyaloid was separated as far as the posterior arcades and vitreous base shaving with scleral depression was not performed were classified as the partial PPV(p-PPV)group.All patients underwent detailed ophthalmologic examinations preoperatively and lwk,I,and 3mo postoperatively.Changes in the anterior chamber depth(ACD),anterior chamber volume(ACV),iridocorneal angle(ICA)f central corneal thickness(Cd),and keratometric measurements(K1 and K2)were evaluated with Pentacam HR.Changes in the AL measurements were analyzed with IOL Master.RESULTS:A significant increase in ACD was observed in c-PPV cases(P=0.02),but this increase was not significant in the p-PPV group(P=0.053).In contrast,ICA increased significantly in the c-PPV group(P=0.02)but decreased in the p-PPV group(P=0.09).BCVA was significantly improved in the c-PPV group from week 1(P<0.001)while the increase in the p-PPV group reached significance at 3mo(P=0.035).Cd increased in the first week and later returned to baseline in both groups.No significant differences in the other parameters were observed between the groups,and there were no significant changes in intraocular pressure,ACV,AL,K1 or K2 values(P>0.05 for all).CONCLUSION:Incomplete posterior hyaloid excision and not removing the vitreous base in PPV surgeries may create a more stable anterior chamber,thus preventing the downward movement of the lens-iris diaphragm,and may cause ciliary body retraction,thereby reducing ICA.Awareness of these effects can provide some amount of guidance to physicians in selecting the appropriate PPV procedure and preempting surgical complications.展开更多
Objective To analyze the prevalence of dry and wet age-related macular degeneration(AMD)in patients with diabetes,hypertension and hyperlipidemia,and to analyze the risk factors for AMD.Methods A population-based cros...Objective To analyze the prevalence of dry and wet age-related macular degeneration(AMD)in patients with diabetes,hypertension and hyperlipidemia,and to analyze the risk factors for AMD.Methods A population-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted involving 14,440 individuals.We assessed the prevalence of dry and wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and analyzed the risk factors for AMD.Results The prevalence of wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 0.3%and 0.5%,respectively,and the prevalence of dry AMD was 17%and 16.4%,respectively.The prevalence of wet AMD in healthy,hypertensive,hyperlipidemic,and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 0.5%,0.3%,0.2%,and 0.7%,respectively.The prevalence of dry AMD in healthy,hypertensive,hyperlipidemic,and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 16.6%,16.2%,15.2%,and 17.2%,respectively.Age,sex,body mass index,and use of hypoglycemic drugs or lowering blood pressure drugs were corrected in the risk factor analysis of AMD.Diabetes,diabetes/hypertension,diabetes/hyperlipidemia,and diabetes/hypertension/hyperlipidemia were analyzed.None of the factors analyzed in the current study increased the risk for the onset of AMD.Conclusion There was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.Similarly,there was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among subjects with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.Diabetes co-existing with hypertension and hyperlipidemia were not shown to be risk factors for the onset of dry AMD.展开更多
Purpose: To review 244 cases of orbital tumors to determine the distribution of patient age, pathology, and tumor origin and location. Methods: We reviewed cases of histopathologically or radiologically verified orbit...Purpose: To review 244 cases of orbital tumors to determine the distribution of patient age, pathology, and tumor origin and location. Methods: We reviewed cases of histopathologically or radiologically verified orbital tumors at our institution from 1981 through 2002, and studied the distribution of patient age, pathology, origin of tumors, and tumor location in the orbit in 244 consecutive patients (aged from 0 to 90 years, mean, 48.7 years; 114 men, 130 women). Results: Among the 244 cases, 213 (89% ) were primary orbital tumors, 23 (9% ) were secondary tumors originating in contiguous spaces, and 8 ( 2% )weremetastatic tumors. Regarding the location in the orbit, 122 tumors (50% ) were extraconal, 36 (15% ) were intraconal, and 86 (35% ) were in the lacrimal gland area. The common tumors were reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (22% ) and malignant lymphoma (20% ) in the extraconal area; cavernous hemangioma (25% ), optic nerve glioma (14% ), and optic nerve sheath meningioma (14% ) in the intraconal area; and malignant lym-phoma (40% ) and pleomorphic adenoma (24% ) in the lacrimal gland area. The age distribution of the 244 patients exhibited two peaks, at 0 to 9 years and 60 to 69 years. In the 0- to 9- year-old patients, the most common tumors were dermoid cyst (26% ), optic nerve glioma (11% ), capillary hemangioma (11% ), and hemorrhagic lymphangioma (11% ). On the other hand, in patients over 40 years of age, the common tumors were malignant lymphoma (31% ), orbital pseudotumor (24% )- , pleomorphic adenoma (10% ), and cavernous hemangioma (9% ). Conclusions: The pathologic profiles of orbital tumors were characterized according to patient age and the location of the tumor in the orbit. The age of onset, tumor location, and radiological findings provide us with important information for the diagnosis of a tumor prior to biopsy or tumor resection and for the determination of the treatment strategy.展开更多
Background: There are no specific ocular findings for infectious endocarditis. We report a case of infectious endocarditis detected by combining orbital colorDoppler imaging (CDI) and ophthalmological findings. Case: ...Background: There are no specific ocular findings for infectious endocarditis. We report a case of infectious endocarditis detected by combining orbital colorDoppler imaging (CDI) and ophthalmological findings. Case: A 47- year-old man suffered from lumbar pain and low-grade fever. He had undergone heart surgery for a ventricular septal defect and received blood transfusions 20 years earlier, and he had started interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C 8months previously. Systemic examinations suggested either collagen disease, malignant lymphoma, or infectious disease. Observations: The patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including CDI. Ophthalmoscopy showed multiple cotton-wool patches in both eyes and branch retinal artery occlusion in the left eye. Orbital CDI showed that bilateral ophthalmic arteries and central retinal arteries flowed synchronouslywith abnormalwaves composed of three narrow, sharp peaks. These findings were suggestive of a cardiac valve disorder, which can lead to embolisms. Echocardiography established the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of infectious endocarditis detected by orbital CDI.展开更多
Purpose: To determine the proportion of age-related ophthalmologic diseases discovered in a healthy Japanese adult population, as well as to evaluate the age-related changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) in this popul...Purpose: To determine the proportion of age-related ophthalmologic diseases discovered in a healthy Japanese adult population, as well as to evaluate the age-related changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) in this population during a 10- year period. Methods: Ophthalmologic surveys were conducted in 1988 and 1998 at Tamaho-cho in Yamanashi Prefecture. The target population of the first survey was 1389 subjects over 40 years of age, and of these, 1250 subjects (473 men and 777 women) participated in the survey. Their mean age was 57.8± 11.9 years. Of these 1250 subjects, 245 subjects participated in the second ophthalmologic survey in 1998. The cases of glaucoma or age-related ophthalmologic diseases developing over the intervening 10-year period were determined among the subjects who had been diagnosed with no ophthalmologic abnormalities in the 1988 survey. We also compared the IOP values of the 219 subjects who were diagnosed with no ophthalmologic abnormalities in either the 1988 or the 1998 survey. Results: The number of cases in the 1998 survey with newly discovered ocular diseases were as follows: two cases (0.82% )-of normal-tension glaucoma, two cases (0.82% ) of epiretinal membrane, one case (0.41% ) of age-related macular degeneration, one case (0.41% ) of angle-closure glaucoma, and one case (0.41% ) of branch retinal vein occlusion. The mean IOP of the 219 subjects diagnosed with no ophthalmic abnormalities in either survey was 13.88 ± 3.04 mmHg in 1988, which declined significantly to 13.16 ± 2.75 mmHg in 1998 (P< 0.0001). Conclusions: The 10-year follow-up of the 245 subjects participating in both surveys showed one or two de novo cases of age-relatedmacular degeneration, epiretinal membrane, branch retinal vein occlusion, normal-tension glaucoma, or angle- closure glaucoma. IOP was found to decline significantly with age.展开更多
文摘AIM:To compare changes in anterior segment topography and axial length(AL)evaluated with Pentacam and IOL Master after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)performed with and without vitreous base shaving.METHODS:This prospective study included patients who underwent PPV or phacoemulsification+PPV(Phaco+PPV)for various indications.Patients who underwent total posterior hyaloid detachment and excessive vitreous base shaving with scleral indentation were referred to as complete PPV(c-PPV).The patients whom posterior hyaloid was separated as far as the posterior arcades and vitreous base shaving with scleral depression was not performed were classified as the partial PPV(p-PPV)group.All patients underwent detailed ophthalmologic examinations preoperatively and lwk,I,and 3mo postoperatively.Changes in the anterior chamber depth(ACD),anterior chamber volume(ACV),iridocorneal angle(ICA)f central corneal thickness(Cd),and keratometric measurements(K1 and K2)were evaluated with Pentacam HR.Changes in the AL measurements were analyzed with IOL Master.RESULTS:A significant increase in ACD was observed in c-PPV cases(P=0.02),but this increase was not significant in the p-PPV group(P=0.053).In contrast,ICA increased significantly in the c-PPV group(P=0.02)but decreased in the p-PPV group(P=0.09).BCVA was significantly improved in the c-PPV group from week 1(P<0.001)while the increase in the p-PPV group reached significance at 3mo(P=0.035).Cd increased in the first week and later returned to baseline in both groups.No significant differences in the other parameters were observed between the groups,and there were no significant changes in intraocular pressure,ACV,AL,K1 or K2 values(P>0.05 for all).CONCLUSION:Incomplete posterior hyaloid excision and not removing the vitreous base in PPV surgeries may create a more stable anterior chamber,thus preventing the downward movement of the lens-iris diaphragm,and may cause ciliary body retraction,thereby reducing ICA.Awareness of these effects can provide some amount of guidance to physicians in selecting the appropriate PPV procedure and preempting surgical complications.
文摘Objective To analyze the prevalence of dry and wet age-related macular degeneration(AMD)in patients with diabetes,hypertension and hyperlipidemia,and to analyze the risk factors for AMD.Methods A population-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study was conducted involving 14,440 individuals.We assessed the prevalence of dry and wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and analyzed the risk factors for AMD.Results The prevalence of wet AMD in diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 0.3%and 0.5%,respectively,and the prevalence of dry AMD was 17%and 16.4%,respectively.The prevalence of wet AMD in healthy,hypertensive,hyperlipidemic,and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 0.5%,0.3%,0.2%,and 0.7%,respectively.The prevalence of dry AMD in healthy,hypertensive,hyperlipidemic,and hypertensive/hyperlipidemic populations was 16.6%,16.2%,15.2%,and 17.2%,respectively.Age,sex,body mass index,and use of hypoglycemic drugs or lowering blood pressure drugs were corrected in the risk factor analysis of AMD.Diabetes,diabetes/hypertension,diabetes/hyperlipidemia,and diabetes/hypertension/hyperlipidemia were analyzed.None of the factors analyzed in the current study increased the risk for the onset of AMD.Conclusion There was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.Similarly,there was no significant difference in the prevalence of wet and dry AMD among subjects with hypertension and hyperlipidemia.Diabetes co-existing with hypertension and hyperlipidemia were not shown to be risk factors for the onset of dry AMD.
文摘Purpose: To review 244 cases of orbital tumors to determine the distribution of patient age, pathology, and tumor origin and location. Methods: We reviewed cases of histopathologically or radiologically verified orbital tumors at our institution from 1981 through 2002, and studied the distribution of patient age, pathology, origin of tumors, and tumor location in the orbit in 244 consecutive patients (aged from 0 to 90 years, mean, 48.7 years; 114 men, 130 women). Results: Among the 244 cases, 213 (89% ) were primary orbital tumors, 23 (9% ) were secondary tumors originating in contiguous spaces, and 8 ( 2% )weremetastatic tumors. Regarding the location in the orbit, 122 tumors (50% ) were extraconal, 36 (15% ) were intraconal, and 86 (35% ) were in the lacrimal gland area. The common tumors were reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (22% ) and malignant lymphoma (20% ) in the extraconal area; cavernous hemangioma (25% ), optic nerve glioma (14% ), and optic nerve sheath meningioma (14% ) in the intraconal area; and malignant lym-phoma (40% ) and pleomorphic adenoma (24% ) in the lacrimal gland area. The age distribution of the 244 patients exhibited two peaks, at 0 to 9 years and 60 to 69 years. In the 0- to 9- year-old patients, the most common tumors were dermoid cyst (26% ), optic nerve glioma (11% ), capillary hemangioma (11% ), and hemorrhagic lymphangioma (11% ). On the other hand, in patients over 40 years of age, the common tumors were malignant lymphoma (31% ), orbital pseudotumor (24% )- , pleomorphic adenoma (10% ), and cavernous hemangioma (9% ). Conclusions: The pathologic profiles of orbital tumors were characterized according to patient age and the location of the tumor in the orbit. The age of onset, tumor location, and radiological findings provide us with important information for the diagnosis of a tumor prior to biopsy or tumor resection and for the determination of the treatment strategy.
文摘Background: There are no specific ocular findings for infectious endocarditis. We report a case of infectious endocarditis detected by combining orbital colorDoppler imaging (CDI) and ophthalmological findings. Case: A 47- year-old man suffered from lumbar pain and low-grade fever. He had undergone heart surgery for a ventricular septal defect and received blood transfusions 20 years earlier, and he had started interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C 8months previously. Systemic examinations suggested either collagen disease, malignant lymphoma, or infectious disease. Observations: The patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including CDI. Ophthalmoscopy showed multiple cotton-wool patches in both eyes and branch retinal artery occlusion in the left eye. Orbital CDI showed that bilateral ophthalmic arteries and central retinal arteries flowed synchronouslywith abnormalwaves composed of three narrow, sharp peaks. These findings were suggestive of a cardiac valve disorder, which can lead to embolisms. Echocardiography established the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of infectious endocarditis detected by orbital CDI.
文摘Purpose: To determine the proportion of age-related ophthalmologic diseases discovered in a healthy Japanese adult population, as well as to evaluate the age-related changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) in this population during a 10- year period. Methods: Ophthalmologic surveys were conducted in 1988 and 1998 at Tamaho-cho in Yamanashi Prefecture. The target population of the first survey was 1389 subjects over 40 years of age, and of these, 1250 subjects (473 men and 777 women) participated in the survey. Their mean age was 57.8± 11.9 years. Of these 1250 subjects, 245 subjects participated in the second ophthalmologic survey in 1998. The cases of glaucoma or age-related ophthalmologic diseases developing over the intervening 10-year period were determined among the subjects who had been diagnosed with no ophthalmologic abnormalities in the 1988 survey. We also compared the IOP values of the 219 subjects who were diagnosed with no ophthalmologic abnormalities in either the 1988 or the 1998 survey. Results: The number of cases in the 1998 survey with newly discovered ocular diseases were as follows: two cases (0.82% )-of normal-tension glaucoma, two cases (0.82% ) of epiretinal membrane, one case (0.41% ) of age-related macular degeneration, one case (0.41% ) of angle-closure glaucoma, and one case (0.41% ) of branch retinal vein occlusion. The mean IOP of the 219 subjects diagnosed with no ophthalmic abnormalities in either survey was 13.88 ± 3.04 mmHg in 1988, which declined significantly to 13.16 ± 2.75 mmHg in 1998 (P< 0.0001). Conclusions: The 10-year follow-up of the 245 subjects participating in both surveys showed one or two de novo cases of age-relatedmacular degeneration, epiretinal membrane, branch retinal vein occlusion, normal-tension glaucoma, or angle- closure glaucoma. IOP was found to decline significantly with age.
