In our previous study, we found that the edible alcohol extract of the root of the medicinal plant Rhodiola crenulata（RCE） improved spatial cognition in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease. Another study from our la...In our previous study, we found that the edible alcohol extract of the root of the medicinal plant Rhodiola crenulata（RCE） improved spatial cognition in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease. Another study from our laboratory showed that RCE enhanced neural cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and prevented damage to hippocampal neurons in a rat model of chronic stress-induced depression. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of RCE are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the anti-apoptotic effect of RCE and its neuroprotective mechanism of action in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease established by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. The rats were pre-administered RCE at doses of 1.5, 3.0 or 6.0 g/kg for 21 days before model establishment. ATP and cytochrome c oxidase levels were significantly decreased in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease. Furthermore, neuronal injury was obvious in the hippocampus, with the presence of a large number of apoptotic neurons. In comparison, in rats given RCE pretreatment, ATP and cytochrome c oxidase levels were markedly increased, the number of apoptotic neurons was reduced, and mitochondrial injury was mitigated. The 3.0 g/kg dose of RCE had the optimal effect. These findings suggest that pretreatment with RCE prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and protects hippocampal neurons from apoptosis in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the expressions of O6-methyguanine-DNA methytransferase（MGMT） and Survivin in colorectal carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods： Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens fr...Objective： To investigate the expressions of O6-methyguanine-DNA methytransferase（MGMT） and Survivin in colorectal carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods： Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens from polypus and colorectal carcinoma were examined with streptavidin-biotin peroxidase（S-P） immunohistochemical technique for the expressions of MGMT and Survivin. Results： We found that there were significant differences in MGMT and Survivin between polypus and colorectal carcinoma. Expression of MGMT was correlated with ages and lymph node metastasis while Survivin was associated with lymph node metastasis only. Meanwhile, the expression of MGMT was correlated with Survivin （P〈0.01, r=0.65）. But there was no significant difference between male and female and the different depth of infiltration. Conclusion： It is concluded that the abnormal expressions of MGMT and Survivin were associated with the degree of malignancy of colorectal tumor. They possibly could be useful indexes for the primary screening and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma. Examination of them may have an important guiding significance in the chemotherapy strategy.展开更多
Objectives Langerhans’Cell histiocytosis(LCH)is a rare disease,which remains poorly understood and whose cellular origin remains unknown.To increase understanding of temporal bone LCH,it is necessary to study recent ...Objectives Langerhans’Cell histiocytosis(LCH)is a rare disease,which remains poorly understood and whose cellular origin remains unknown.To increase understanding of temporal bone LCH,it is necessary to study recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.Methods The long term(5 to 30 years)results of 21 temporal bone LCH cases treated between 1973 and 2003 were reviewed.Surgery,radiotherapy,pharmacologic therapy or a combination of these treatments were employed in these cases.Results Eighteen patients were cured(18/21,85%).Six patients developed residual diabetes insipidus(DI)and dwarfism(28%).Three patients died(14%).Conclusions The Alessi classification system for LCH based on the extent of disease accurately predicts prognosis and is a useful guide in selecting treatment methodologies.X-ray,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have proved useful in defining the extent of osseous and soft tissue diseases.Diagnosis of LCH is based on clinical presentations,radiographic findings and histopathological results.Surgery and radiotherapy are the main treatment modalities.Pharmacologic therapy should be used in patients with aggressive,disseminate,and refractory lesions.LCH has a predilection for children and prognosis depends on age and extent of vital organ involvement.展开更多
Dear Sir, I am Dr. Zhi-Qing Li from Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin City, China. I write to present a case with hiding iris neovascularization (INV) following central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) can...Dear Sir, I am Dr. Zhi-Qing Li from Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin City, China. I write to present a case with hiding iris neovascularization (INV) following central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) can be detected early by iris angiography (IA) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) was展开更多
To the Editor： A 20-year-old woman complained of two painful pruritic lesions on her left index finger. She had been bitten by a lamb on her index finger a month earlier; the lamb died 2 days later. Five days after h...To the Editor： A 20-year-old woman complained of two painful pruritic lesions on her left index finger. She had been bitten by a lamb on her index finger a month earlier; the lamb died 2 days later. Five days after having been bitten, she noticed two papules on her left index finger that enlarged gradually. Physical examination revealed two indurated nodules 8-mm and 10-mm in diameter, each with central umbilication and surrounded by a reddish halo [Figure i a]. The patient had no fever, respiratory symptoms, or lymphadenopathy. The informed consent was written.展开更多
AIM:To introduce Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a new therapeutic modality for schistosomiasis through stem cell mobilization,immunomodulation or fibrosis remodeling. METHODS:In this study,a 5 d cour...AIM:To introduce Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a new therapeutic modality for schistosomiasis through stem cell mobilization,immunomodulation or fibrosis remodeling. METHODS:In this study,a 5 d course of human recombinant G-CSF (100 μg/kg sc) was applied to Schis-tosoma mansoni-infected mice at different stages of disease (5 d before infection as well as 3,5 and 7 wk post-infection). The animals were sacrificed at 10 d as well as 4,6 and 8 wk post infection. Mice were examined for:(1) Total leukocyte count which is an accepted surrogate marker for the stem cell mobilization into the circulation; (2) Egg count in intestine and liver tissue to assess the parasitic load; and (3) Histopathological changes in Hx/E and Masson trichrome stained sections as well as collagen content in Sirius redstained liver sections to determine the severity of liver fibrosis. RESULTS:Mice developed leukocytosis. The egg load and the number of granulomas were not affected by the G-CSF treatment but there was an obvious change in the composition of granulomas towards an increased cellularity. Moreover,fibrosis was significantly decreased in treated groups compared to untreated animals (collagen content either preinfection or at 3 and 5 wk post infection:5.8 ± 0.5,4.7 ± 0.5,4.0 ± 0.7 vs 8.2 ± 0.9; P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION:Although G-CSF did not cause direct elimination of the parasite,it enhanced granulomatous reaction and reduced the fibrosis. Further investigation of the underlying mechanisms of these two actions is warranted.展开更多
A fractal aggregation behavior in amorphous silicon nitride(Si_(x) N_(y))films deposited by microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition is reported.The fractal structure and dimension of 1....A fractal aggregation behavior in amorphous silicon nitride(Si_(x) N_(y))films deposited by microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition is reported.The fractal structure and dimension of 1.45 obtained by experiment and computer simulation are all in excellent agreement with the result predicted by the cluster-cluster-aggregation model.The forming of fractal structure is related to the change of discharge mode between ring plasma and bulk plasma.展开更多
The mechanism underlying neurogenesis during embryonic spinal cord development involves a specific ligand/receptor interaction,which may be help guide neuroengineering to boost stem cell-based neural regeneration for ...The mechanism underlying neurogenesis during embryonic spinal cord development involves a specific ligand/receptor interaction,which may be help guide neuroengineering to boost stem cell-based neural regeneration for the structural and functional repair of spinal cord injury.Herein,we hypothesized that supplying spinal cord defects with an exogenous neural network in the NT-3/fibroin-coated gelatin sponge(NF-GS)scaffold might improve tissue repair efficacy.To test this,we engineered tropomyosin receptor kinase C(TrkC)-modified neural stem cell(NSC)-derived neural network tissue with robust viability within an NF-GS scaffold.When NSCs were genetically modified to overexpress TrkC,the NT-3 receptor,a functional neuronal population dominated the neural network tissue.The pro-regenerative niche allowed the long-term survival and phenotypic maintenance of the donor neural network tissue for up to 8 weeks in the injured spinal cord.Additionally,host nerve fibers regenerated into the graft,making synaptic connections with the donor neurons.Accordingly,motor function recovery was significantly improved in rats with spinal cord injury(SCI)that received TrkC-modified NSC-derived neural network tissue transplantation.Together,the results suggested that transplantation of the neural network tissue formed in the 3D bioactive scaffold may represent a valuable approach to study and develop therapies for SCI.展开更多
Neurofibromatosis(NF)is a genetic disease in which the lungs are rarely involved.However,in NF cases with lung involvement,chest computed tomography may show bilateral basal reticulations,apical bullae,and cysts witho...Neurofibromatosis(NF)is a genetic disease in which the lungs are rarely involved.However,in NF cases with lung involvement,chest computed tomography may show bilateral basal reticulations,apical bullae,and cysts without bronchiectasis.Herein,we report a patient diagnosed with NF on the basis of the results of genetic testing who presented with early-onset wet cough and bronchiectasis.Considering the differential diagnosis of bronchiectasis combined with his early-onset wet cough,sinusitis,and sperm quality decline,we considered the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD).Further electron microscopy analysis of cilia and identification of homozygous mutations in the RSPH4A gene confirmed the diagnosis of PCD.Therefore,for patients with NF,when an image change exists in the lungs that does not correspond to NF,the possibility of other diagnoses,including PCD,must be considered.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of Kangxin Capsule （康欣胶囊, KXC） on the expression of nerve growth factor （NGF） as well as the morphology and amount of nerve synapse in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocamp...Objective： To observe the effect of Kangxin Capsule （康欣胶囊, KXC） on the expression of nerve growth factor （NGF） as well as the morphology and amount of nerve synapse in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus CA; area of vascular dementia （VD） model rats. Methods： The model rats of VD made by photochemical reaction technique were randomly divided into five groups： the model group （MG）, the high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose KXC groups （HDG, MDG and LDG）, and the Western medicine hydergin control group （WMG）. They were treated respectively with distilled water, high, middle and low dosage of KXC suspended liquid, and hydergin for a month. Besides, a blank group consisting of normal （non-model） rats was set up for control （CG）. The ultrastructure of nerve synapse in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus CA~ area of the rats were observed and its density estimated. The condition of NGF positive neurons in the above-mentioned two regions were also observed by immunohistochemical stain. Results： All the KXC or hydergin treated groups demonstrated a normal amount of nerve synapse with integral structure in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus OA; area, which approached that in the CG and was superior to that in the MG. Also, the NGF positive neuron in all the treated groups was much more than that in MG with significant difference （ P〈0.01 ）, approaching to that in the CG. Conclusion： KXC could elevate the expression of NGF in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus CA; area, preserve the number and morphology of synapse, thus to protect the function of nerve system from ischemic injury.展开更多
Objective To investigate the function of microtubules in volume overload cardiac hypertrophy of rat. Methods The structure of microtubules was observed using an immunofluorescent microscope, while the pixel intensity ...Objective To investigate the function of microtubules in volume overload cardiac hypertrophy of rat. Methods The structure of microtubules was observed using an immunofluorescent microscope, while the pixel intensity and distribution of microtubule imaging was estimated from laser scanning confocal images of left ventricular cardiocytes immuno-labeled with an antibody to β-tubulin. Results The pixels of the microtubule image taken just after volume overload were not evenly distributed. At 6 hours after overload, the pixel intensity of the microtubule image was decreased to less than 150 (arbitrary units), which was the same as the pixel intensity and distribution of the colchicine depolymerized microtubule image. The changes were partially recovered to 200 (arbitrary units) after 4 more days. The pixel intensity of the control microtubule image was 250 (arbitrary units) and had an even distribution. The structuring of the microtubules was more disordered as volume overload hypertrophy developed. Conclusions There are disorders in the signal transduction pathways governing the hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes in the hypertrophic myocardium and microtubule is one of the members of the signal transduction pathways governing the hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes in the hypertrophic myocardium. The disordered microtubule array may be targeted during heart failure treatment.展开更多
Objective： To observe the deregulation of autophagy in diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） and investigate whether Jinmaitong （筋脉通, JMT） alleviates DPN by inducing autophagy. Methods： DPN models were establi...Objective： To observe the deregulation of autophagy in diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） and investigate whether Jinmaitong （筋脉通, JMT） alleviates DPN by inducing autophagy. Methods： DPN models were established by streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and Schwann cells （SCs） cultured in high glucose medium. The pathological morphology was observed by the improved Bielschowsky＇s nerve fiber axonal staining and the Luxol fast blue-neutral red myelin staining. The ultrastructure was observed by the transmission electron microscopy. Beclinl level was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The proliferation of cultured SCs was detected by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide. Results： Diabetic peripheral nerve tissues demonstrated pathological morphology and reduced autophagic structure, accompanied with down-regulation of Beclinl. JMT apparently alleviated the pathological morphology change and increased the autophagy [in vivo, Beclinl integral optical density （IOD） value of the control group 86.6 ± 17.7, DM 43.9± 8.8, JMT 73.3 ± 17.8, P〈0.01 or P〈0.05, in vitro Beclinl IOD value of the glucose group 0.47 ± 0.25 vs the control group 0.88 ± 0.29, P〈0.05]. Consequently, inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine resulted in a time- and concentration- dependent decrease of the proliferation of SCs （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusions： Down-regulation of autophagy in SCs might contribute to the pathogenesis of DPN. JMT alleviates diabetic peripheral nerve injury at least in part by inducing autophagy.展开更多
Background Atherosclerosis is an important cardiovascular disease, becoming a major and increasing health problem in developed countries. However, the possible underlying mechanisms were not completely clear. In 2009,...Background Atherosclerosis is an important cardiovascular disease, becoming a major and increasing health problem in developed countries. However, the possible underlying mechanisms were not completely clear. In 2009, our research group first discovered that hydrogen sulfide （H2S） as a novel gastrotransmitter played an important anti-atherosclerotic role. The study was designed to examine the regulatory effect of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） on endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS） in apolipoprotein E knockout （apoE/） mice fed a Western type diet. Methods C57BL/6 mice and homozygous apoE/ mice were fed a Western type diet. C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline （5 ml/kg per day） as control group. The apoE/ mice were treated with the same dose of normal saline as the apoE/ group, injected intraperitoneally with sodium hydrosulfide （NariS, an H2S donor, 56 IJmol/kg per day） as the apoE/＋NaHS group and injected intraperitoneally with DL-propargylglycine （PPG, a cystathionine-y-lyase inhibitor, 50 mg/kg, per day） as the apoE/ ＋PPG group. After 10 weeks, the mice were sacrificed and the plasma lipids were detected. Sections of aortic root from these animals were examined for atherosclerotic lesions by HE and oil red O staining. The aortic ultrastructure and microstructure were analyzed with the help of light and electronic microscope. Glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）, caspase-12, copper-andzinc-containing superoxide dismutase （Cu/ZnSOD） and Mn-containing superoxide dismutase （MnSOD） protein expression in aortic tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） were measured by using a commercial assay kit. Results Compared with control mice, apoE/ mice showed increased plasma levels of total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG） and low density lipoprotein （LDL）, decreased high density lipoprotein （HDL）, increased aortic plaque size, destroyed ultra-structure of aortic tissue, and increased expression of GRP78 and caspase-12 proteins. Compared with apoE/ mice, H2S donor-treated apoE-/- mice showed a decreased plasma LDL level, lessened plaque necrosis and attenuated aortic ultra-structural disorder. H2S donor-treatment induced GRP78 expression but suppressed caspase-12 expression in aortic lesions. However, compared with apoE-/- mice, PPG treated apoE/ mice showed enlarged plaque size, more severe ultrastructural disorder of the aortic tissue and reduced GRP78 staining in aortic lesions. The plasma lipids and the staining of caspase-12 in apoE-/＋ PPG rats did not significantly differ from those in the apoE-/- mice. Consistently, H2S induced SOD expression, accompanied by a reduced level of ROS. Conclusion H2S plays a regulatory role in aortic ERS and reduces atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-/-mice fed with a Western type diet.展开更多
基金supported by grants of the Administrative Bureau of Chinese Traditional Medicine of Guangdong Province of China,No.2007109the Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China,No.A20111154
文摘In our previous study, we found that the edible alcohol extract of the root of the medicinal plant Rhodiola crenulata（RCE） improved spatial cognition in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease. Another study from our laboratory showed that RCE enhanced neural cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and prevented damage to hippocampal neurons in a rat model of chronic stress-induced depression. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of RCE are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the anti-apoptotic effect of RCE and its neuroprotective mechanism of action in a rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease established by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. The rats were pre-administered RCE at doses of 1.5, 3.0 or 6.0 g/kg for 21 days before model establishment. ATP and cytochrome c oxidase levels were significantly decreased in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease. Furthermore, neuronal injury was obvious in the hippocampus, with the presence of a large number of apoptotic neurons. In comparison, in rats given RCE pretreatment, ATP and cytochrome c oxidase levels were markedly increased, the number of apoptotic neurons was reduced, and mitochondrial injury was mitigated. The 3.0 g/kg dose of RCE had the optimal effect. These findings suggest that pretreatment with RCE prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and protects hippocampal neurons from apoptosis in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease.
基金a grant from the Department of Sci & Tech of Hebei Province(No.03276117)
文摘Objective： To investigate the expressions of O6-methyguanine-DNA methytransferase（MGMT） and Survivin in colorectal carcinoma and their clinical significance. Methods： Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens from polypus and colorectal carcinoma were examined with streptavidin-biotin peroxidase（S-P） immunohistochemical technique for the expressions of MGMT and Survivin. Results： We found that there were significant differences in MGMT and Survivin between polypus and colorectal carcinoma. Expression of MGMT was correlated with ages and lymph node metastasis while Survivin was associated with lymph node metastasis only. Meanwhile, the expression of MGMT was correlated with Survivin （P〈0.01, r=0.65）. But there was no significant difference between male and female and the different depth of infiltration. Conclusion： It is concluded that the abnormal expressions of MGMT and Survivin were associated with the degree of malignancy of colorectal tumor. They possibly could be useful indexes for the primary screening and prognosis of colorectal carcinoma. Examination of them may have an important guiding significance in the chemotherapy strategy.
文摘Objectives Langerhans’Cell histiocytosis(LCH)is a rare disease,which remains poorly understood and whose cellular origin remains unknown.To increase understanding of temporal bone LCH,it is necessary to study recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.Methods The long term(5 to 30 years)results of 21 temporal bone LCH cases treated between 1973 and 2003 were reviewed.Surgery,radiotherapy,pharmacologic therapy or a combination of these treatments were employed in these cases.Results Eighteen patients were cured(18/21,85%).Six patients developed residual diabetes insipidus(DI)and dwarfism(28%).Three patients died(14%).Conclusions The Alessi classification system for LCH based on the extent of disease accurately predicts prognosis and is a useful guide in selecting treatment methodologies.X-ray,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have proved useful in defining the extent of osseous and soft tissue diseases.Diagnosis of LCH is based on clinical presentations,radiographic findings and histopathological results.Surgery and radiotherapy are the main treatment modalities.Pharmacologic therapy should be used in patients with aggressive,disseminate,and refractory lesions.LCH has a predilection for children and prognosis depends on age and extent of vital organ involvement.
文摘Dear Sir, I am Dr. Zhi-Qing Li from Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin City, China. I write to present a case with hiding iris neovascularization (INV) following central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) can be detected early by iris angiography (IA) and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) was
文摘To the Editor： A 20-year-old woman complained of two painful pruritic lesions on her left index finger. She had been bitten by a lamb on her index finger a month earlier; the lamb died 2 days later. Five days after having been bitten, she noticed two papules on her left index finger that enlarged gradually. Physical examination revealed two indurated nodules 8-mm and 10-mm in diameter, each with central umbilication and surrounded by a reddish halo [Figure i a]. The patient had no fever, respiratory symptoms, or lymphadenopathy. The informed consent was written.
文摘AIM:To introduce Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a new therapeutic modality for schistosomiasis through stem cell mobilization,immunomodulation or fibrosis remodeling. METHODS:In this study,a 5 d course of human recombinant G-CSF (100 μg/kg sc) was applied to Schis-tosoma mansoni-infected mice at different stages of disease (5 d before infection as well as 3,5 and 7 wk post-infection). The animals were sacrificed at 10 d as well as 4,6 and 8 wk post infection. Mice were examined for:(1) Total leukocyte count which is an accepted surrogate marker for the stem cell mobilization into the circulation; (2) Egg count in intestine and liver tissue to assess the parasitic load; and (3) Histopathological changes in Hx/E and Masson trichrome stained sections as well as collagen content in Sirius redstained liver sections to determine the severity of liver fibrosis. RESULTS:Mice developed leukocytosis. The egg load and the number of granulomas were not affected by the G-CSF treatment but there was an obvious change in the composition of granulomas towards an increased cellularity. Moreover,fibrosis was significantly decreased in treated groups compared to untreated animals (collagen content either preinfection or at 3 and 5 wk post infection:5.8 ± 0.5,4.7 ± 0.5,4.0 ± 0.7 vs 8.2 ± 0.9; P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION:Although G-CSF did not cause direct elimination of the parasite,it enhanced granulomatous reaction and reduced the fibrosis. Further investigation of the underlying mechanisms of these two actions is warranted.
文摘A fractal aggregation behavior in amorphous silicon nitride(Si_(x) N_(y))films deposited by microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition is reported.The fractal structure and dimension of 1.45 obtained by experiment and computer simulation are all in excellent agreement with the result predicted by the cluster-cluster-aggregation model.The forming of fractal structure is related to the change of discharge mode between ring plasma and bulk plasma.
基金the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation of China(81891003)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0104700)and the 111 Project for Academic Exchange Program(B13037)to Y.S.Zeng+2 种基金the Foundation of Guangdong Province(2017B020210012)to Y.S.Zeng and X.Zengthe Co-innovation Foundation of Guangzhou City(201704020221)to Y.S.Zeng,X.Zeng,and G.Lithe Start-up Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2018A030310113)to G.Li.
文摘The mechanism underlying neurogenesis during embryonic spinal cord development involves a specific ligand/receptor interaction,which may be help guide neuroengineering to boost stem cell-based neural regeneration for the structural and functional repair of spinal cord injury.Herein,we hypothesized that supplying spinal cord defects with an exogenous neural network in the NT-3/fibroin-coated gelatin sponge(NF-GS)scaffold might improve tissue repair efficacy.To test this,we engineered tropomyosin receptor kinase C(TrkC)-modified neural stem cell(NSC)-derived neural network tissue with robust viability within an NF-GS scaffold.When NSCs were genetically modified to overexpress TrkC,the NT-3 receptor,a functional neuronal population dominated the neural network tissue.The pro-regenerative niche allowed the long-term survival and phenotypic maintenance of the donor neural network tissue for up to 8 weeks in the injured spinal cord.Additionally,host nerve fibers regenerated into the graft,making synaptic connections with the donor neurons.Accordingly,motor function recovery was significantly improved in rats with spinal cord injury(SCI)that received TrkC-modified NSC-derived neural network tissue transplantation.Together,the results suggested that transplantation of the neural network tissue formed in the 3D bioactive scaffold may represent a valuable approach to study and develop therapies for SCI.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0901502)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Nos.CIFMS-2018-I2M-1-003,CIFMS-2017-12M-2-001,CIFMS-2020-I2M-C&T-B-002,and CIFMS-2016-I2M-1-002).
文摘Neurofibromatosis(NF)is a genetic disease in which the lungs are rarely involved.However,in NF cases with lung involvement,chest computed tomography may show bilateral basal reticulations,apical bullae,and cysts without bronchiectasis.Herein,we report a patient diagnosed with NF on the basis of the results of genetic testing who presented with early-onset wet cough and bronchiectasis.Considering the differential diagnosis of bronchiectasis combined with his early-onset wet cough,sinusitis,and sperm quality decline,we considered the possibility of primary ciliary dyskinesia(PCD).Further electron microscopy analysis of cilia and identification of homozygous mutations in the RSPH4A gene confirmed the diagnosis of PCD.Therefore,for patients with NF,when an image change exists in the lungs that does not correspond to NF,the possibility of other diagnoses,including PCD,must be considered.
基金Key Project supported by Health Bureau of Fujian Province (2002-101), Fujian Innovation Project for Young Scientific Talents (2002J055), Fujian Education Committee (JA02237).
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of Kangxin Capsule （康欣胶囊, KXC） on the expression of nerve growth factor （NGF） as well as the morphology and amount of nerve synapse in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus CA; area of vascular dementia （VD） model rats. Methods： The model rats of VD made by photochemical reaction technique were randomly divided into five groups： the model group （MG）, the high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose KXC groups （HDG, MDG and LDG）, and the Western medicine hydergin control group （WMG）. They were treated respectively with distilled water, high, middle and low dosage of KXC suspended liquid, and hydergin for a month. Besides, a blank group consisting of normal （non-model） rats was set up for control （CG）. The ultrastructure of nerve synapse in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus CA~ area of the rats were observed and its density estimated. The condition of NGF positive neurons in the above-mentioned two regions were also observed by immunohistochemical stain. Results： All the KXC or hydergin treated groups demonstrated a normal amount of nerve synapse with integral structure in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus OA; area, which approached that in the CG and was superior to that in the MG. Also, the NGF positive neuron in all the treated groups was much more than that in MG with significant difference （ P〈0.01 ）, approaching to that in the CG. Conclusion： KXC could elevate the expression of NGF in the cortical parietal lobe and hippocampus CA; area, preserve the number and morphology of synapse, thus to protect the function of nerve system from ischemic injury.
文摘Objective To investigate the function of microtubules in volume overload cardiac hypertrophy of rat. Methods The structure of microtubules was observed using an immunofluorescent microscope, while the pixel intensity and distribution of microtubule imaging was estimated from laser scanning confocal images of left ventricular cardiocytes immuno-labeled with an antibody to β-tubulin. Results The pixels of the microtubule image taken just after volume overload were not evenly distributed. At 6 hours after overload, the pixel intensity of the microtubule image was decreased to less than 150 (arbitrary units), which was the same as the pixel intensity and distribution of the colchicine depolymerized microtubule image. The changes were partially recovered to 200 (arbitrary units) after 4 more days. The pixel intensity of the control microtubule image was 250 (arbitrary units) and had an even distribution. The structuring of the microtubules was more disordered as volume overload hypertrophy developed. Conclusions There are disorders in the signal transduction pathways governing the hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes in the hypertrophic myocardium and microtubule is one of the members of the signal transduction pathways governing the hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes in the hypertrophic myocardium. The disordered microtubule array may be targeted during heart failure treatment.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30572438)the Beijing Science Nuture Foundation(No.7132189)+1 种基金Science Foundation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital(No.2013-098)Youth Foundation of Peking Union Medical College Hospital
文摘Objective： To observe the deregulation of autophagy in diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） and investigate whether Jinmaitong （筋脉通, JMT） alleviates DPN by inducing autophagy. Methods： DPN models were established by streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and Schwann cells （SCs） cultured in high glucose medium. The pathological morphology was observed by the improved Bielschowsky＇s nerve fiber axonal staining and the Luxol fast blue-neutral red myelin staining. The ultrastructure was observed by the transmission electron microscopy. Beclinl level was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The proliferation of cultured SCs was detected by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide. Results： Diabetic peripheral nerve tissues demonstrated pathological morphology and reduced autophagic structure, accompanied with down-regulation of Beclinl. JMT apparently alleviated the pathological morphology change and increased the autophagy [in vivo, Beclinl integral optical density （IOD） value of the control group 86.6 ± 17.7, DM 43.9± 8.8, JMT 73.3 ± 17.8, P〈0.01 or P〈0.05, in vitro Beclinl IOD value of the glucose group 0.47 ± 0.25 vs the control group 0.88 ± 0.29, P〈0.05]. Consequently, inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine resulted in a time- and concentration- dependent decrease of the proliferation of SCs （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusions： Down-regulation of autophagy in SCs might contribute to the pathogenesis of DPN. JMT alleviates diabetic peripheral nerve injury at least in part by inducing autophagy.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the Major Basic Research Development Program of China （No. 2011CB503904, No. 2012CB517806） and from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81070212, No. 30821001 and No. 30801251）.
文摘Background Atherosclerosis is an important cardiovascular disease, becoming a major and increasing health problem in developed countries. However, the possible underlying mechanisms were not completely clear. In 2009, our research group first discovered that hydrogen sulfide （H2S） as a novel gastrotransmitter played an important anti-atherosclerotic role. The study was designed to examine the regulatory effect of hydrogen sulfide （H2S） on endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS） in apolipoprotein E knockout （apoE/） mice fed a Western type diet. Methods C57BL/6 mice and homozygous apoE/ mice were fed a Western type diet. C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline （5 ml/kg per day） as control group. The apoE/ mice were treated with the same dose of normal saline as the apoE/ group, injected intraperitoneally with sodium hydrosulfide （NariS, an H2S donor, 56 IJmol/kg per day） as the apoE/＋NaHS group and injected intraperitoneally with DL-propargylglycine （PPG, a cystathionine-y-lyase inhibitor, 50 mg/kg, per day） as the apoE/ ＋PPG group. After 10 weeks, the mice were sacrificed and the plasma lipids were detected. Sections of aortic root from these animals were examined for atherosclerotic lesions by HE and oil red O staining. The aortic ultrastructure and microstructure were analyzed with the help of light and electronic microscope. Glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）, caspase-12, copper-andzinc-containing superoxide dismutase （Cu/ZnSOD） and Mn-containing superoxide dismutase （MnSOD） protein expression in aortic tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） were measured by using a commercial assay kit. Results Compared with control mice, apoE/ mice showed increased plasma levels of total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG） and low density lipoprotein （LDL）, decreased high density lipoprotein （HDL）, increased aortic plaque size, destroyed ultra-structure of aortic tissue, and increased expression of GRP78 and caspase-12 proteins. Compared with apoE/ mice, H2S donor-treated apoE-/- mice showed a decreased plasma LDL level, lessened plaque necrosis and attenuated aortic ultra-structural disorder. H2S donor-treatment induced GRP78 expression but suppressed caspase-12 expression in aortic lesions. However, compared with apoE-/- mice, PPG treated apoE/ mice showed enlarged plaque size, more severe ultrastructural disorder of the aortic tissue and reduced GRP78 staining in aortic lesions. The plasma lipids and the staining of caspase-12 in apoE-/＋ PPG rats did not significantly differ from those in the apoE-/- mice. Consistently, H2S induced SOD expression, accompanied by a reduced level of ROS. Conclusion H2S plays a regulatory role in aortic ERS and reduces atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-/-mice fed with a Western type diet.
