Introduction:Vector-borne diseases(VBDs)represent a significant category of infectious diseases.Analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of VBDs in China,including their temporal and spatial distributions,provide...Introduction:Vector-borne diseases(VBDs)represent a significant category of infectious diseases.Analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of VBDs in China,including their temporal and spatial distributions,provides essential evidence for developing effective prevention and control strategies.Methods:Data for 14 types of VBDs from 2005 to 2024 were obtained from the China National Infectious Disease Surveillance System.These diseases were categorized as mosquito-borne,tick-borne,rodent-borne,and other VBDs.Using the Mann-Kendall trend test,we analyzed demographic characteristics,spatial distribution,temporal trends,and seasonal patterns of notified cases over the 20-year period.Results:From 2005 to 2024,a total of 1,129,736 VBD cases were reported in China.Scrub typhus(28.17%),malaria(20.8%),hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS,18.4%),dengue(12.61%),and schistosomiasis(8.42%)collectively accounted for 88.4%of all cases.Over a 20-year period,mosquitoborne and rodent-borne diseases indicated significant declining trends(P<0.05),while tick-borne and other VBDs demonstrated significant increasing trends(P<0.05).Dengue,scrub typhus,and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)expanded geographically,with annual increases of 10.89,12.37,and 7.07 reporting cities,respectively.Although diseases such as plague,malaria,and schistosomiasis have been effectively controlled,the incidence of scrub typhus,dengue,HFRS,and SFTS has remained high in recent years.Conclusions:The burden of VBDs in China remains substantial,with an increasing trend observed over the past 5 years.The rising incidence and geographic expansion of scrub typhus,dengue,and SFTS warrant particular attention from public health authorities.展开更多
Background:Recent plague cases in Inner Mongolia prompted research on rodents and fleas.This study aimed to describe the spatiotemporal characteristics of parasitic fleas on predominant rodent species and identify pla...Background:Recent plague cases in Inner Mongolia prompted research on rodents and fleas.This study aimed to describe the spatiotemporal characteristics of parasitic fleas on predominant rodent species and identify plague risk areas.Methods:We assembled monitoring data from the National Plague Surveillance System for 12 regions in Inner Mongolia from 2013 to 2021.We performed descriptive statistics using relative indices,analyzed interannual flea index trends using the Mann-Kendall test,compared spatiotemporal characteristics using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and Dunn’s test,and delineated plague risk areas based on cluster analysis.Results:In total,134,181 rodents from 28 species were captured,with an average parasitism rate of 31.46%.A total of 143,958 fleas were collected,resulting in a total average flea index of 1.07.The primary rodent species were the Mongolian gerbil(Meriones unguiculatus)and Daurian ground squirrel(Spermophilus dauricus).The flea index showed a decreasing trend(Sen’s slope=−0.06,P<0.05).Meriones unguiculatus had two peaks(May and October),with a delay of one to two months after peak flea parasitism.Spermophilus dauricus had a peak in May but two flea parasitism peaks(March and November).Meriones unguiculatus and Spermophilus dauricus flea indices varied significantly across regions(H=25.75,P<0.001;H=29.88,P<0.001).Erdos City and Xilingol League had the highest flea indices for each species,respectively.Cluster analysis divided the 12 regions into three risk zones.Conclusions:The two predominant rodent species in Inner Mongolia have demonstrated an overall decline in flea index over time.The hotspots for flea index are primarily concentrated in Erdos and Xilingol League.Strengthening regional cooperation is crucial for tailored plague prevention and control measures.展开更多
Background Global connectivity and environmental change pose continuous threats to dengue invasions from worldwide to China.However,the intrinsic relationship on introduction and outbreak risks of dengue driven by the...Background Global connectivity and environmental change pose continuous threats to dengue invasions from worldwide to China.However,the intrinsic relationship on introduction and outbreak risks of dengue driven by the landscape features are still unknown.This study aimed to map the patterns on source-sink relation of dengue cases and assess the driving forces for dengue invasions in China.Methods We identified the local and imported cases(2006–2020)and assembled the datasets on environmental conditions.The vector auto-regression model was applied to detect the cross-relations of source-sink patterns.We selected the major environmental drivers via the Boruta algorithm to assess the driving forces in dengue outbreak dynamics by applying generalized additive models.We reconstructed the internal connections among imported cases,local cases,and external environmental drivers using the structural equation modeling.Results From 2006 to 2020,81,652 local dengue cases and 12,701 imported dengue cases in China were reported.The hotspots of dengue introductions and outbreaks were in southeast and southwest China,originating from South and Southeast Asia.Oversea-imported dengue cases,as the Granger-cause,were the initial driver of the dengue dynamic;the suitable local bio-socioecological environment is the fundamental factor for dengue epidemics.The Bio8[odds ratio(OR)=2.11,95%confidence interval(CI):1.67–2.68],Bio9(OR=291.62,95%CI:125.63–676.89),Bio15(OR=4.15,95%CI:3.30–5.24),normalized difference vegetation index in March(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.06–1.51)and July(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.00–1.07),and the imported cases are the major drivers of dengue local transmissions(OR=4.79,95%CI:4.34–5.28).The intermediary effect of an index on population and economic development to local cases via the path of imported cases was detected in the dengue dynamic system.Conclusions Dengue outbreaks in China are triggered by introductions of imported cases and boosted by landscape features and connectivity.Our research will contribute to developing nature-based solutions for dengue surveillance,mitigation,and control from a socio-ecological perspective based on invasion ecology theories to control and prevent future dengue invasion and localization.展开更多
Poolingfield specimens could reduce the number of assay and thus increase the efficiency in detecting and screening pathogen infections by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based assay.We investigated a pooling strategy in...Poolingfield specimens could reduce the number of assay and thus increase the efficiency in detecting and screening pathogen infections by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based assay.We investigated a pooling strategy in diagnosis of Angiostrongylus canto-nensis in Pomacea canaliculata.Two settings of speci-mens were prepared,divided into portions and detected by multiplex PCR.Specimens A was 0.4490 g positive lung tissue of 28 larval nodes from four snails mixed with 1.310 g negative lung tissue from six snails and divided into 32 portions.Specimens B was 0.5448 g positive lung tissue with 26 larval nodes from two snails mixed with 1.092 g negative lung tissue from seven snails and divided into 48 portions.Repeated sampling was performed and sample size-accumulated positive rate curves were drawn.According to the sample size-accumulated positive rate curves,the appropriate sample size of the two specimens were 18 and 15,respectively,which is 0.36–0.58 to the total sample size.These test characteristics and the relevant factors to the sample size would need to be determined in much larger studies and more appropriately infield populations.The result indicates that the number of larval node is not the most important,nor the only factor to the sample size.It also implies the feasibility to detect A.cantonensis in P.canaliculata by pooling strategies.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Anopheles sinensis(An.sinensis)is the predominant malaria vector in China.The impact of S-methoprene on the emergence process of mosquito larvae suggests its potential as...Summary What is already known about this topic?Anopheles sinensis(An.sinensis)is the predominant malaria vector in China.The impact of S-methoprene on the emergence process of mosquito larvae suggests its potential as a control method for vector mosquitoes.However,the efficacy of S-methoprene in controlling An.sinensis has not yet been demonstrated.What is added by this report?展开更多
基金Supported by the consultancy project(2023-JB-12)from the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(GRANT32090023).
文摘Introduction:Vector-borne diseases(VBDs)represent a significant category of infectious diseases.Analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of VBDs in China,including their temporal and spatial distributions,provides essential evidence for developing effective prevention and control strategies.Methods:Data for 14 types of VBDs from 2005 to 2024 were obtained from the China National Infectious Disease Surveillance System.These diseases were categorized as mosquito-borne,tick-borne,rodent-borne,and other VBDs.Using the Mann-Kendall trend test,we analyzed demographic characteristics,spatial distribution,temporal trends,and seasonal patterns of notified cases over the 20-year period.Results:From 2005 to 2024,a total of 1,129,736 VBD cases were reported in China.Scrub typhus(28.17%),malaria(20.8%),hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS,18.4%),dengue(12.61%),and schistosomiasis(8.42%)collectively accounted for 88.4%of all cases.Over a 20-year period,mosquitoborne and rodent-borne diseases indicated significant declining trends(P<0.05),while tick-borne and other VBDs demonstrated significant increasing trends(P<0.05).Dengue,scrub typhus,and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)expanded geographically,with annual increases of 10.89,12.37,and 7.07 reporting cities,respectively.Although diseases such as plague,malaria,and schistosomiasis have been effectively controlled,the incidence of scrub typhus,dengue,HFRS,and SFTS has remained high in recent years.Conclusions:The burden of VBDs in China remains substantial,with an increasing trend observed over the past 5 years.The rising incidence and geographic expansion of scrub typhus,dengue,and SFTS warrant particular attention from public health authorities.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32090023).
文摘Background:Recent plague cases in Inner Mongolia prompted research on rodents and fleas.This study aimed to describe the spatiotemporal characteristics of parasitic fleas on predominant rodent species and identify plague risk areas.Methods:We assembled monitoring data from the National Plague Surveillance System for 12 regions in Inner Mongolia from 2013 to 2021.We performed descriptive statistics using relative indices,analyzed interannual flea index trends using the Mann-Kendall test,compared spatiotemporal characteristics using the Kruskal-Wallis H test and Dunn’s test,and delineated plague risk areas based on cluster analysis.Results:In total,134,181 rodents from 28 species were captured,with an average parasitism rate of 31.46%.A total of 143,958 fleas were collected,resulting in a total average flea index of 1.07.The primary rodent species were the Mongolian gerbil(Meriones unguiculatus)and Daurian ground squirrel(Spermophilus dauricus).The flea index showed a decreasing trend(Sen’s slope=−0.06,P<0.05).Meriones unguiculatus had two peaks(May and October),with a delay of one to two months after peak flea parasitism.Spermophilus dauricus had a peak in May but two flea parasitism peaks(March and November).Meriones unguiculatus and Spermophilus dauricus flea indices varied significantly across regions(H=25.75,P<0.001;H=29.88,P<0.001).Erdos City and Xilingol League had the highest flea indices for each species,respectively.Cluster analysis divided the 12 regions into three risk zones.Conclusions:The two predominant rodent species in Inner Mongolia have demonstrated an overall decline in flea index over time.The hotspots for flea index are primarily concentrated in Erdos and Xilingol League.Strengthening regional cooperation is crucial for tailored plague prevention and control measures.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC1200101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82073615,42041001).
文摘Background Global connectivity and environmental change pose continuous threats to dengue invasions from worldwide to China.However,the intrinsic relationship on introduction and outbreak risks of dengue driven by the landscape features are still unknown.This study aimed to map the patterns on source-sink relation of dengue cases and assess the driving forces for dengue invasions in China.Methods We identified the local and imported cases(2006–2020)and assembled the datasets on environmental conditions.The vector auto-regression model was applied to detect the cross-relations of source-sink patterns.We selected the major environmental drivers via the Boruta algorithm to assess the driving forces in dengue outbreak dynamics by applying generalized additive models.We reconstructed the internal connections among imported cases,local cases,and external environmental drivers using the structural equation modeling.Results From 2006 to 2020,81,652 local dengue cases and 12,701 imported dengue cases in China were reported.The hotspots of dengue introductions and outbreaks were in southeast and southwest China,originating from South and Southeast Asia.Oversea-imported dengue cases,as the Granger-cause,were the initial driver of the dengue dynamic;the suitable local bio-socioecological environment is the fundamental factor for dengue epidemics.The Bio8[odds ratio(OR)=2.11,95%confidence interval(CI):1.67–2.68],Bio9(OR=291.62,95%CI:125.63–676.89),Bio15(OR=4.15,95%CI:3.30–5.24),normalized difference vegetation index in March(OR=1.27,95%CI:1.06–1.51)and July(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.00–1.07),and the imported cases are the major drivers of dengue local transmissions(OR=4.79,95%CI:4.34–5.28).The intermediary effect of an index on population and economic development to local cases via the path of imported cases was detected in the dengue dynamic system.Conclusions Dengue outbreaks in China are triggered by introductions of imported cases and boosted by landscape features and connectivity.Our research will contribute to developing nature-based solutions for dengue surveillance,mitigation,and control from a socio-ecological perspective based on invasion ecology theories to control and prevent future dengue invasion and localization.
文摘Poolingfield specimens could reduce the number of assay and thus increase the efficiency in detecting and screening pathogen infections by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based assay.We investigated a pooling strategy in diagnosis of Angiostrongylus canto-nensis in Pomacea canaliculata.Two settings of speci-mens were prepared,divided into portions and detected by multiplex PCR.Specimens A was 0.4490 g positive lung tissue of 28 larval nodes from four snails mixed with 1.310 g negative lung tissue from six snails and divided into 32 portions.Specimens B was 0.5448 g positive lung tissue with 26 larval nodes from two snails mixed with 1.092 g negative lung tissue from seven snails and divided into 48 portions.Repeated sampling was performed and sample size-accumulated positive rate curves were drawn.According to the sample size-accumulated positive rate curves,the appropriate sample size of the two specimens were 18 and 15,respectively,which is 0.36–0.58 to the total sample size.These test characteristics and the relevant factors to the sample size would need to be determined in much larger studies and more appropriately infield populations.The result indicates that the number of larval node is not the most important,nor the only factor to the sample size.It also implies the feasibility to detect A.cantonensis in P.canaliculata by pooling strategies.
基金Project on the Establishment of China-ASEAN Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Public Health(KY202101004)funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China.
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Anopheles sinensis(An.sinensis)is the predominant malaria vector in China.The impact of S-methoprene on the emergence process of mosquito larvae suggests its potential as a control method for vector mosquitoes.However,the efficacy of S-methoprene in controlling An.sinensis has not yet been demonstrated.What is added by this report?
