In recent years,advancements in autonomous vehicle technology have accelerated,promising safer and more efficient transportation systems.However,achieving fully autonomous driving in challenging weather conditions,par...In recent years,advancements in autonomous vehicle technology have accelerated,promising safer and more efficient transportation systems.However,achieving fully autonomous driving in challenging weather conditions,particularly in snowy environments,remains a challenge.Snow-covered roads introduce unpredictable surface conditions,occlusions,and reduced visibility,that require robust and adaptive path detection algorithms.This paper presents an enhanced road detection framework for snowy environments,leveraging Simple Framework forContrastive Learning of Visual Representations(SimCLR)for Self-Supervised pretraining,hyperparameter optimization,and uncertainty-aware object detection to improve the performance of YouOnly Look Once version 8(YOLOv8).Themodel is trained and evaluated on a custom-built dataset collected from snowy roads in Tromsø,Norway,which covers a range of snow textures,illumination conditions,and road geometries.The proposed framework achieves scores in terms of mAP@50 equal to 99%and mAP@50–95 equal to 97%,demonstrating the effectiveness of YOLOv8 for real-time road detection in extreme winter conditions.The findings contribute to the safe and reliable deployment of autonomous vehicles in Arctic environments,enabling robust decision-making in hazardous weather conditions.This research lays the groundwork for more resilient perceptionmodels in self-driving systems,paving the way for the future development of intelligent and adaptive transportation networks.展开更多
The prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace an organ of a human body member to restore a compromised function. It is necessary following the removal of a human organ, which can occur as a result of an illn...The prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace an organ of a human body member to restore a compromised function. It is necessary following the removal of a human organ, which can occur as a result of an illness, trauma or congenital malformation. The trans-tibia prosthesis, in particular, allows the amputee patient to recover the impaired function and regain autonomy, while facilitating their daily social integration. The trans-tibia prosthesis consists of a socket, a sleeve, connecting elements and a prosthetic foot. Each of these components plays a very important role. Among these components, the prosthetic foot usually called “SACH foot” is very often replaced due to cracking and therefore has a fairly short lifespan. At the Center for Equipment and Rehabilitation of Kabalaye (CERK), the SACH foot made using polyurethane and wood is imported and is given to patients with reduced mobility. The aim of this article is twofold, on the one hand, to make a social and pathological study of trans-tibia amputees in relation to the use of the SACH foot prosthesis, on the other hand, to compare this foot with a new prosthetic foot proposed and which is manufactured using extruded polystyrene. The result of prosthetic tests carried out on twenty-four amputees showed that the foot manufactured using extruded polystyrene is better in terms of resistance, bulk and adaptability to active amputees.展开更多
With the booming of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and Artificial Intelligence(AI),the objective of the work in Cai et al.(2022)is to explore the utilizing of data-driven methodology for the prediction of the burs...With the booming of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and Artificial Intelligence(AI),the objective of the work in Cai et al.(2022)is to explore the utilizing of data-driven methodology for the prediction of the burst strength of cor‐roded pipelines,which can hopefully overcome the com‐mon drawbacks of widely-used traditional Finite Element Method(FEM)and the needs of sufficient domain knowl‐edge.The authors in Cai et al.(2022)are not aiming to overthrow the functionality and beneficence introduced by physical-based methods and widely-used empirical/semi-emprical engineering expressions,such as the DNV standars(DNVGL,2017)in offshore engineering.展开更多
We tried to collect all publications based on Scopus for 24 years in English for the keyword Wollastonite.We analyzed the most popular journals,top authors,top-cited papers,and the role of top countries in the world o...We tried to collect all publications based on Scopus for 24 years in English for the keyword Wollastonite.We analyzed the most popular journals,top authors,top-cited papers,and the role of top countries in the world on the usage of Wollastonite in construction.Moreover,a comprehensive examination of literature and patent data pertaining to the production and utilisation of wollastonite and materials derived from wollastonite was conducted.We then consolidated and presented our findings about Wollastonite's characteristics.We demonstrated the theoretical possibility of using recycled wollastonite in some areas of cement-based construction materials and product manufacture.Our research results shows that the number of available articles on Wollastonite-mineral as a fibre and aggregate is less than that on other areas.In addition,the research enables us to discover potential deficiencies in the utilization of Wollastonite in situations where there is currently no available published literature.展开更多
Assessing the benefits and costs of digitalization in the energy industry is a complex issue.Traditional cost-benefit analysis(CBA)might encounter problems in addressing uncertainties,dynamic stakeholder interactions,...Assessing the benefits and costs of digitalization in the energy industry is a complex issue.Traditional cost-benefit analysis(CBA)might encounter problems in addressing uncertainties,dynamic stakeholder interactions,and feedback loops arising out of the evolving nature of digitalization.This paper introduces a methodological framework to help address the intricate inter connections between digital applications and business models in the energy industry.The proposed framework leverages system dynamics to achieve two primary objectives.It investigates how digitalization generally influences the value proposi-tion,value capture,and value creation dimensions of business models.It also quantifies the financial and social impacts of digitalization from a dynamic perspective.The proposed dynamic CBA allows for a more precise quantification of the benefits and costs,associated with evidence-based decision-making.Findings from an illustrative case study challenge the static assumptions of conventional methods.These methods often presume continuous operation,neglecting reinvestment and operational feedback loops,and resulting in negative net present values.Conversely,the outcomes of the proposed method indicate positive net present values when accounting for factors such as reinvestment rates and the will-ingness to invest in digitalization projects.The principles outlined in this paper can enable a more accu-rate assessment of digitalization projects,thus catalyzing the development of new CBA applications and guidelines for digitalization.展开更多
This study investigates laminar convection in three regimes(forced convection,mixed convection,and natural convection)of a bi-nanofluid(Cu-Al_(2)O_(3)-water)/mono-nanofluid(Al_(2)O_(3)-water)inside a square enclosure ...This study investigates laminar convection in three regimes(forced convection,mixed convection,and natural convection)of a bi-nanofluid(Cu-Al_(2)O_(3)-water)/mono-nanofluid(Al_(2)O_(3)-water)inside a square enclosure of sliding vertical walls which are kept at cold temperature and moving up,down,or in opposite directions.The enclosure bottom is heated partially by a central heat source of various sizes while the horizontal walls are considered adiabatic.The thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity are dependent on temperature and nanoparticle size.The conservation equations are implemented in the solver ANSYS R2(2020).The numerical predictions are successfully validated by comparison with data from the literature.Numerical simulations are carried out for various volume fractions of solid mono/hybrid-nanoparticles(0≤ϕ≤5%),Richardson numbers(0.001≤Ri≤10),and hot source lengths((1/5)H≤ε≤(4/5)H).Isothermal lines,streamlines,and average Nusselt numbers are analyzed.The thermal performance of nanofluids is compared to that of the base heat transfer fluid(water).Outcomes illustrate the flow characteristics significantly affected by the convection regime,hot source size,sidewall motion,and concentration of solid nanoparticles.In the case of sidewalls moving downward,using hybrid nanofluid(Cu-Al_(2)O_(3)-water)shows the highest heat transfer rate in the enclosure at Ri=1,ε=(4/5)H and volume fraction ofφ=5%where a significant increment(25.14%)of Nusselt number is obtained.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the efficacy of Eleutherine bulbosa(Mill.)Urb.bulb extract(EBE)on the 3D human retinoblastoma cancer cells(WERI-Rb-1)spheroids and explore its apoptotic mechanism.METHODS:The 3D WERI-Rb-1 and human ...AIM:To investigate the efficacy of Eleutherine bulbosa(Mill.)Urb.bulb extract(EBE)on the 3D human retinoblastoma cancer cells(WERI-Rb-1)spheroids and explore its apoptotic mechanism.METHODS:The 3D WERI-Rb-1 and human retinal pigmented epithelium cells(ARPE-19)spheroids were developed using type 1 murine collagen that was excised from the rat tail tendon and cultured via hanging drop and embedded techniques.The cytotoxic activity was examined by Alamar blue assay meanwhile,the morphological characteristics were assessed by 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The mRNA and protein expressions of apoptotic and antioxidant signal transduction pathways were explored to ascertain its molecular mechanisms.The statistical analysis was carried out using GraphPad Prism.RESULTS:The Alamar blue assay portrayed higher half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values of EBE and cisplatin on 3D WERI-Rb-1 model as compared to the previous study on 2D model.The results of DAPI and SEM illustrated apoptotic features upon treatment with EBE and cisplatin in a dose-dependent manner on 3D WERI-Rb-1 model.The mRNA and protein levels of apoptotic and antioxidant-related pathways were significantly affected by EBE and cisplatin,respectively(P<0.05).The regulation of gene and protein expressions of 3D WERI-Rb-1 spheroids differed from the 2D study,suggesting that the tumor microenvironment of extracellular matrix(ECM)collagen matrix hindered the EBE treatment efficacy,leading to apoptotic evasion.CONCLUSION:A significant inhibition effect of EBE is observed on the 3D WERI-Rb-1 spheroids.The presence of ECM causes an increase in cytotoxic resistance upon treatment with EBE and cisplatin.展开更多
Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relati...Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.展开更多
Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-202...Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers.The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers.Instead,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.Originality/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge.This finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact.展开更多
The Information Technology at Home has caught the attention of various industries such as IT,Home Appliances,Communication,and Real Estate.Based on the information technology acceptance theories and family consumption...The Information Technology at Home has caught the attention of various industries such as IT,Home Appliances,Communication,and Real Estate.Based on the information technology acceptance theories and family consumption behaviors theories,this study summarized and analyzed four key belief variables i.e.Perceived Value,Perceived Risk,Perceived Cost and Perceived Ease of Use,which influence the acceptance of home information technology.The study also summaries three groups of external variables.They are social,industrial,and family influence factors.The social influence factors include Subjective Norm;the industry factors include the Unification of Home Information Technological Standards,the Perfection of Home Information Industry Value Chain,and the Competitiveness of Home Information Industry;and the family factors include Family Income,Family Life Cycle and Family Educational Level.The study discusses the relationship among these external variables and cognitive variables.The study provides Home Information Technology Acceptance Model based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the characteristics of home information technology consumption.展开更多
Ceramic matrix composites(CMCs)are highly promising materials for the next generation of aero-engines.However,machining of CMCs suffers from low efficiency and poor surfacefinish,which presents an obstacle to their wide...Ceramic matrix composites(CMCs)are highly promising materials for the next generation of aero-engines.However,machining of CMCs suffers from low efficiency and poor surfacefinish,which presents an obstacle to their wider application.To overcome these problems,this study investigates high-efficiency deep grinding of CMCs,focusing on the effects of grinding depth.The results show that both the sur-face roughness and the depth of subsurface damage(SSD)are insensitive to grinding depth.The material removal rate can be increased sixfold by increasing the grinding depth,while the surface roughness and SSD depth increase by only about 10%.Moreover,it is found that the behavior of material removal is strongly dependent on grinding depth.As the grinding depth is increased,fibers are removed in smaller sizes,with thefiber length in chips being reduced by about 34%.However,too large a grinding depth will result in blockage by chip powder,which leads to a dramatic increase in the ratio of tangential to normal grinding forces.This study demonstrates that increasing the depth of cut is an effective approach to improve the machining efficiency of CMCs,while maintaining a good surfacefin-ish.It provides the basis for the further development of high-performance grinding methods for CMCs,which should facilitate their wider application.展开更多
As oil is now an important resource for the survival and development of mankind,the consumption of oil continues to increase each year,and there have been a number of major oil spills in history,such as the oil spill ...As oil is now an important resource for the survival and development of mankind,the consumption of oil continues to increase each year,and there have been a number of major oil spills in history,such as the oil spill from the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig.Therefore,oil spills during storage and transportation have become an issue of serious concern.Current methods such as incineration and chemical methods cause secondary environmental pollution and fail to enable resource recovery.The adsorption method by porous materials has attracted worldwide attention due to its simplicity,portability,and efficiency.It has become an important factor to explore how porous adsorption materials can adsorb efficiently and reduce environmental pollution.Biomass resources are abundant,cost-effective,biodegradable,and sustainable,which have been extensively explored for the production of porous materials.Herein,recent advances in cellulose-based,chitosan-based,wood-based and other biomassbased oil-absorbing porous materials are summarized,and cellulose-based porous materials,such as nanocellulose,bacterial cellulose,and regenerated cellulose and their related derivatives,are further expanded.In addition,typical environmentally friendly manufacturing methods and the oil adsorption capacities of various oil-absorbing porous materials are also discussed.Compared with the traditional petrochemical adsorption materials,the development advantages of biomass porous oil absorption materials are analyzed.The reasons hindering the popularization and use of oil-absorbing biomass materials are summarized and the future application fields are prospected.展开更多
Amidst the rapidly expanding integration of large language models(LLMs)across various sectors(ranging from everyday applications to specialized fields demanding stringent regulatory adherence),our investigation seeks ...Amidst the rapidly expanding integration of large language models(LLMs)across various sectors(ranging from everyday applications to specialized fields demanding stringent regulatory adherence),our investigation seeks to determine how well these models can support medical device software classification.Medical device classification functions to systematically categorize devices according to their designated use,associated risk levels,and requisite regulatory oversight,thereby providing a structured framework for ensuring safety and efficacy as mandated by regulatory authorities.展开更多
The objective of this investigation is to assess the effect of obstacles on numerical heat transfer and fluid flow momentum in a rectangular microchannel(MC).Two distinct configurations were studied:one without obstac...The objective of this investigation is to assess the effect of obstacles on numerical heat transfer and fluid flow momentum in a rectangular microchannel(MC).Two distinct configurations were studied:one without obstacles and the other with alternating obstacles placed on the upper and lower walls.The research utilized the thermal lattice Boltzmann method(LBM),which solves the energy and momentum equations of fluids with the BGK approximation,implemented in a Python coding environment.Temperature jump and slip velocity conditions were utilized in the simulation for the MC and extended to all obstacle boundaries.The study aims to analyze the rarefaction effect,with Knudsen numbers(Kn)of 0.012,0.02,and 0.05.The outcomes indicate that rarefaction has a significant impact on the velocity and temperature distribution.The presence of nine obstacles led to slower fluid movement inside the microchannel MC,resulting in faster cooling at the outlet.In MCs with obstacles,the rarefaction effect plays a crucial role in decreasing the Nusselt number(Nu)and skin friction coefficient(Cf).Furthermore,the study demonstrated that the obstacles played a crucial role in boosting fluid flow and heat transfer in the MC.The findings suggest that the examined configurations could have potential applications as cooling technologies in micro-electro-mechanical systems and microdevice applications.展开更多
A significant portion of the national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, though the extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, the contribution of Water Resou...A significant portion of the national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, though the extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, the contribution of Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) effluent to waters that supply drinking water treatment plants has been documented by some communities. In the United States (US), among the top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by upstream WRRF, 16% of the influent flow to the drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently, the full extent of de facto reuse in the US may be much higher because of population growth. The scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Authority (BJWSA) in South Carolina, US, with contributions to the Savannah River originating from numerous WRRF and other upstream dischargers. South Carolina coastal utilities such as BJSWA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by disposal limitations and challenges. Currently, South Carolina does not have a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions have started among the regulated community. In addition to understanding the extent of de facto reuse, the state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources challenges. Such guidance should address human health risk management and technical considerations regarding treatment in addition to other factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. This study conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJWSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah River, and observed that de facto reuse is approximately 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow months and is within the range generally observed nationwide. When coupled with evidence that planned potable reuse can improve human health and environmental risks, this practice is a meaningful option in the water supply portfolio for many utilities.展开更多
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a significant health concern affecting pregnant women worldwide. It is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy and poses risks to both maternal and fetal he...Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a significant health concern affecting pregnant women worldwide. It is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy and poses risks to both maternal and fetal health. Maternal complications of GDM include an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life, as well as hypertension and preeclampsia during pregnancy. Fetal complications may include macrosomia (large birth weight), birth injuries, and an increased risk of developing metabolic disorders later in life. Understanding the demographics, risk factors, and biomarkers associated with GDM is crucial for effective management and prevention strategies. This research aims to address these aspects comprehensively through the analysis of a dataset comprising 600 pregnant women. By exploring the demographics of the dataset and employing data modeling techniques, the study seeks to identify key risk factors associated with GDM. Moreover, by analyzing various biomarkers, the research aims to gain insights into the physiological mechanisms underlying GDM and its implications for maternal and fetal health. The significance of this research lies in its potential to inform clinical practice and public health policies related to GDM. By identifying demographic patterns and risk factors, healthcare providers can better tailor screening and intervention strategies for pregnant women at risk of GDM. Additionally, insights into biomarkers associated with GDM may contribute to the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches. Ultimately, by enhancing our understanding of GDM, this research aims to improve maternal and fetal outcomes and reduce the burden of this condition on healthcare systems and society. However, it’s important to acknowledge the limitations of the dataset used in this study. Further research utilizing larger and more diverse datasets, perhaps employing advanced data analysis techniques such as Power BI, is warranted to corroborate and expand upon the findings of this research. This underscores the ongoing need for continued investigation into GDM to refine our understanding and improve clinical management strategies.展开更多
Arctic shipping poses environmental risks due to the region’s fragile ecosystems and rapid climate changes.Effective risk assessment tools are needed to ensure sustainable expansion and to carry out environmental imp...Arctic shipping poses environmental risks due to the region’s fragile ecosystems and rapid climate changes.Effective risk assessment tools are needed to ensure sustainable expansion and to carry out environmental impact assessments.This paper explores applications of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis(FMEA)and Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis(STPA)coupled with the consequences of a“Dynamic baseline approach”for Arctic shipping environmental impact assessment.Shipping entails complex interactions between environmental,technical,human,and organizational factors.FMEA identifies failure modes and their effects through component-level analysis.STPA examines how unsafe control actions can emerge from interactions between system components.Combining these techniques with a dynamic(variable)baseline,accounting for inherent ongoing changing Arctic conditions,offers a robust methodology.A qualitative case study shows that prioritizing hazards by risk,yields highest concerns,as increased greenhouse gas emissions,black carbon deposition on ice and snow,and response delays to accidents represent some of the most important identified threats to the environment.The use of FMEA and STPA are complementary,and differences are highlighted.The methodology applied,should be representative for the qualitative risk analysis methodology,and while the findings are impacted by the perspectives of the authors,the process followed is intended to identify and rank risks in a consistent manner.Mitigations measures must be in place to target these issues.Constant monitoring of the changing ecological and socioeconomic Arctic baselines supports the responses.This methodology offers a starting point for systematically addressing environmental impact risks in the data-limited Arctic.Integrating failure modes and effect analysis,system theories and dynamic baselines,account for identification of the complex interactions,influencing environmental risks in this rapidly evolving region.展开更多
The objective of the work is to determine the influence of the PLA melting temperature during 3D printing on the dimensional accuracy of the model parts. Two modular drilling devices were also made using PLA model par...The objective of the work is to determine the influence of the PLA melting temperature during 3D printing on the dimensional accuracy of the model parts. Two modular drilling devices were also made using PLA model parts. The model parts were 3D printed using FDM technology and the ZMorph 2.0 hybrid 3D printer. The accuracy of 3D printing of the model part influences the realization of modular devices. In recent years, technology has evolved a lot, and the need to have the most efficient manufacturing equipment has increased. This is the reason for the development of 3D printers using FDM technology for plastic parts. The software used by these 3D printers used in FDM technology is very sophisticated, as they allow the manufacture of very precise 3D prototypes, identical to the designed 3D model, through modern additive manufacturing techniques. The quality and mechanical strength of the prototypes obtained using 3D printers is very good. The materials used by the 3D printers manufactured by FDM are cheap and accessible. These 3D printers are used to make three-dimensional objects (gears, flanges, bearings, covers, casings, mechanisms, figurines, interior and exterior design elements, architectural models, medical models).展开更多
Public-and private-sector organizations have adopted artificial intelligence(AI)to meet the challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.The successful implementation of AI is a challenging task,and previous researc...Public-and private-sector organizations have adopted artificial intelligence(AI)to meet the challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.The successful implementation of AI is a challenging task,and previous research has advocated the need to explore key readiness before AI implementation.The objective of this study is to identify the AI readiness factors explored by different authors in past research.To achieve this,we conducted a rigorous literature review.The approach used in the systematic literature review is also discussed.A rigorous review of 52 studies from various journals and databases(Science Direct,Springer Link,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Emerald,and Google Scholar)identified 23 AI readiness factors.The key factors identified were mainly related to organizational information technology infrastructure,top management support,resource availability,collaborative culture,organizational size,organizational capability,compatibility,data quality,and financial budget,whereas the other 15 were potential factors in AI readiness.All of these factors should be considered before the implementation of AI in any organization.The findings also reflect a high failure rate,including AI readiness factors,which are intended to facilitate AI adoption in organizations and reduce the frequency of failures.These factors will aid management in developing an effective strategy for AI implementation in organizations.展开更多
The Baiyun sag is a deep one developing on the slope of the Pearl River Mouth Basin. It occurs as a composite graben horizontally, and is composed of two sub-sags versus one low uplift. Vertically, the sedimentary arc...The Baiyun sag is a deep one developing on the slope of the Pearl River Mouth Basin. It occurs as a composite graben horizontally, and is composed of two sub-sags versus one low uplift. Vertically, the sedimentary architecture could be divided into three layers, i.e. the faulted layer on the bottom, the faulted-ductile stretching layer in the middle and the draping layer on the top. The main rifting stage of the sag is supposed to be characterized by ductile extension and thinning of the crust. The special deformation pattern is probably attributed to the fact that the Baiyun sag is located in the transfer zone of the pre-existing weak zone, which made the sag a strongly deformed area, characterized by the greatly thinned lithosphere and active magmatism. The highly rising mantle under the Baiyun sag should be an important mechanism responsible for the ductile deformation, which caused partial melting of the upper mantle. Upweiling to the upper crust and the sedimentary layers, the partial melting materials accommodated extensional strain and caused non-faulted vertical subsidence. Magma was collected under the transfer zone after the first stage of rifting, and transferred laterally in a direction perpendicular to the extension to the ENE and WSW parts of the sag and upwelled along the NW-trending basal faults, where WNW-trending shear faults developed in swarms. The faulting activity and sedimentation history of the Baiyun sag may have been affected by the ocean ridge jump around 24 Ma and the cessation of sea floor spreading around 16 Ma.展开更多
文摘In recent years,advancements in autonomous vehicle technology have accelerated,promising safer and more efficient transportation systems.However,achieving fully autonomous driving in challenging weather conditions,particularly in snowy environments,remains a challenge.Snow-covered roads introduce unpredictable surface conditions,occlusions,and reduced visibility,that require robust and adaptive path detection algorithms.This paper presents an enhanced road detection framework for snowy environments,leveraging Simple Framework forContrastive Learning of Visual Representations(SimCLR)for Self-Supervised pretraining,hyperparameter optimization,and uncertainty-aware object detection to improve the performance of YouOnly Look Once version 8(YOLOv8).Themodel is trained and evaluated on a custom-built dataset collected from snowy roads in Tromsø,Norway,which covers a range of snow textures,illumination conditions,and road geometries.The proposed framework achieves scores in terms of mAP@50 equal to 99%and mAP@50–95 equal to 97%,demonstrating the effectiveness of YOLOv8 for real-time road detection in extreme winter conditions.The findings contribute to the safe and reliable deployment of autonomous vehicles in Arctic environments,enabling robust decision-making in hazardous weather conditions.This research lays the groundwork for more resilient perceptionmodels in self-driving systems,paving the way for the future development of intelligent and adaptive transportation networks.
文摘The prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace an organ of a human body member to restore a compromised function. It is necessary following the removal of a human organ, which can occur as a result of an illness, trauma or congenital malformation. The trans-tibia prosthesis, in particular, allows the amputee patient to recover the impaired function and regain autonomy, while facilitating their daily social integration. The trans-tibia prosthesis consists of a socket, a sleeve, connecting elements and a prosthetic foot. Each of these components plays a very important role. Among these components, the prosthetic foot usually called “SACH foot” is very often replaced due to cracking and therefore has a fairly short lifespan. At the Center for Equipment and Rehabilitation of Kabalaye (CERK), the SACH foot made using polyurethane and wood is imported and is given to patients with reduced mobility. The aim of this article is twofold, on the one hand, to make a social and pathological study of trans-tibia amputees in relation to the use of the SACH foot prosthesis, on the other hand, to compare this foot with a new prosthetic foot proposed and which is manufactured using extruded polystyrene. The result of prosthetic tests carried out on twenty-four amputees showed that the foot manufactured using extruded polystyrene is better in terms of resistance, bulk and adaptability to active amputees.
文摘With the booming of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and Artificial Intelligence(AI),the objective of the work in Cai et al.(2022)is to explore the utilizing of data-driven methodology for the prediction of the burst strength of cor‐roded pipelines,which can hopefully overcome the com‐mon drawbacks of widely-used traditional Finite Element Method(FEM)and the needs of sufficient domain knowl‐edge.The authors in Cai et al.(2022)are not aiming to overthrow the functionality and beneficence introduced by physical-based methods and widely-used empirical/semi-emprical engineering expressions,such as the DNV standars(DNVGL,2017)in offshore engineering.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51978545)。
文摘We tried to collect all publications based on Scopus for 24 years in English for the keyword Wollastonite.We analyzed the most popular journals,top authors,top-cited papers,and the role of top countries in the world on the usage of Wollastonite in construction.Moreover,a comprehensive examination of literature and patent data pertaining to the production and utilisation of wollastonite and materials derived from wollastonite was conducted.We then consolidated and presented our findings about Wollastonite's characteristics.We demonstrated the theoretical possibility of using recycled wollastonite in some areas of cement-based construction materials and product manufacture.Our research results shows that the number of available articles on Wollastonite-mineral as a fibre and aggregate is less than that on other areas.In addition,the research enables us to discover potential deficiencies in the utilization of Wollastonite in situations where there is currently no available published literature.
基金conducted as part of the project Innovative Tools for Cyber-Physical Energy Systems(InnoCyPES)received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation pro-gram under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie(956433).
文摘Assessing the benefits and costs of digitalization in the energy industry is a complex issue.Traditional cost-benefit analysis(CBA)might encounter problems in addressing uncertainties,dynamic stakeholder interactions,and feedback loops arising out of the evolving nature of digitalization.This paper introduces a methodological framework to help address the intricate inter connections between digital applications and business models in the energy industry.The proposed framework leverages system dynamics to achieve two primary objectives.It investigates how digitalization generally influences the value proposi-tion,value capture,and value creation dimensions of business models.It also quantifies the financial and social impacts of digitalization from a dynamic perspective.The proposed dynamic CBA allows for a more precise quantification of the benefits and costs,associated with evidence-based decision-making.Findings from an illustrative case study challenge the static assumptions of conventional methods.These methods often presume continuous operation,neglecting reinvestment and operational feedback loops,and resulting in negative net present values.Conversely,the outcomes of the proposed method indicate positive net present values when accounting for factors such as reinvestment rates and the will-ingness to invest in digitalization projects.The principles outlined in this paper can enable a more accu-rate assessment of digitalization projects,thus catalyzing the development of new CBA applications and guidelines for digitalization.
文摘This study investigates laminar convection in three regimes(forced convection,mixed convection,and natural convection)of a bi-nanofluid(Cu-Al_(2)O_(3)-water)/mono-nanofluid(Al_(2)O_(3)-water)inside a square enclosure of sliding vertical walls which are kept at cold temperature and moving up,down,or in opposite directions.The enclosure bottom is heated partially by a central heat source of various sizes while the horizontal walls are considered adiabatic.The thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity are dependent on temperature and nanoparticle size.The conservation equations are implemented in the solver ANSYS R2(2020).The numerical predictions are successfully validated by comparison with data from the literature.Numerical simulations are carried out for various volume fractions of solid mono/hybrid-nanoparticles(0≤ϕ≤5%),Richardson numbers(0.001≤Ri≤10),and hot source lengths((1/5)H≤ε≤(4/5)H).Isothermal lines,streamlines,and average Nusselt numbers are analyzed.The thermal performance of nanofluids is compared to that of the base heat transfer fluid(water).Outcomes illustrate the flow characteristics significantly affected by the convection regime,hot source size,sidewall motion,and concentration of solid nanoparticles.In the case of sidewalls moving downward,using hybrid nanofluid(Cu-Al_(2)O_(3)-water)shows the highest heat transfer rate in the enclosure at Ri=1,ε=(4/5)H and volume fraction ofφ=5%where a significant increment(25.14%)of Nusselt number is obtained.
基金Supported by Universiti Putra Malaysia,Serdang,Selangor,Malaysia(UPM/700-2/1/GPB/2017/9549900).
文摘AIM:To investigate the efficacy of Eleutherine bulbosa(Mill.)Urb.bulb extract(EBE)on the 3D human retinoblastoma cancer cells(WERI-Rb-1)spheroids and explore its apoptotic mechanism.METHODS:The 3D WERI-Rb-1 and human retinal pigmented epithelium cells(ARPE-19)spheroids were developed using type 1 murine collagen that was excised from the rat tail tendon and cultured via hanging drop and embedded techniques.The cytotoxic activity was examined by Alamar blue assay meanwhile,the morphological characteristics were assessed by 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The mRNA and protein expressions of apoptotic and antioxidant signal transduction pathways were explored to ascertain its molecular mechanisms.The statistical analysis was carried out using GraphPad Prism.RESULTS:The Alamar blue assay portrayed higher half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values of EBE and cisplatin on 3D WERI-Rb-1 model as compared to the previous study on 2D model.The results of DAPI and SEM illustrated apoptotic features upon treatment with EBE and cisplatin in a dose-dependent manner on 3D WERI-Rb-1 model.The mRNA and protein levels of apoptotic and antioxidant-related pathways were significantly affected by EBE and cisplatin,respectively(P<0.05).The regulation of gene and protein expressions of 3D WERI-Rb-1 spheroids differed from the 2D study,suggesting that the tumor microenvironment of extracellular matrix(ECM)collagen matrix hindered the EBE treatment efficacy,leading to apoptotic evasion.CONCLUSION:A significant inhibition effect of EBE is observed on the 3D WERI-Rb-1 spheroids.The presence of ECM causes an increase in cytotoxic resistance upon treatment with EBE and cisplatin.
文摘Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.
文摘Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers.The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers.Instead,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.Originality/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge.This finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact.
文摘The Information Technology at Home has caught the attention of various industries such as IT,Home Appliances,Communication,and Real Estate.Based on the information technology acceptance theories and family consumption behaviors theories,this study summarized and analyzed four key belief variables i.e.Perceived Value,Perceived Risk,Perceived Cost and Perceived Ease of Use,which influence the acceptance of home information technology.The study also summaries three groups of external variables.They are social,industrial,and family influence factors.The social influence factors include Subjective Norm;the industry factors include the Unification of Home Information Technological Standards,the Perfection of Home Information Industry Value Chain,and the Competitiveness of Home Information Industry;and the family factors include Family Income,Family Life Cycle and Family Educational Level.The study discusses the relationship among these external variables and cognitive variables.The study provides Home Information Technology Acceptance Model based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the characteristics of home information technology consumption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92060203,52105453,and 92360304)the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project(No.P2022-A-IV-002-001).
文摘Ceramic matrix composites(CMCs)are highly promising materials for the next generation of aero-engines.However,machining of CMCs suffers from low efficiency and poor surfacefinish,which presents an obstacle to their wider application.To overcome these problems,this study investigates high-efficiency deep grinding of CMCs,focusing on the effects of grinding depth.The results show that both the sur-face roughness and the depth of subsurface damage(SSD)are insensitive to grinding depth.The material removal rate can be increased sixfold by increasing the grinding depth,while the surface roughness and SSD depth increase by only about 10%.Moreover,it is found that the behavior of material removal is strongly dependent on grinding depth.As the grinding depth is increased,fibers are removed in smaller sizes,with thefiber length in chips being reduced by about 34%.However,too large a grinding depth will result in blockage by chip powder,which leads to a dramatic increase in the ratio of tangential to normal grinding forces.This study demonstrates that increasing the depth of cut is an effective approach to improve the machining efficiency of CMCs,while maintaining a good surfacefin-ish.It provides the basis for the further development of high-performance grinding methods for CMCs,which should facilitate their wider application.
基金supported by Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Material Laboratory(JSBEM-S-202201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901257)School-Level Research Projects of the Yancheng Institute of Technology(xjr2019008).
文摘As oil is now an important resource for the survival and development of mankind,the consumption of oil continues to increase each year,and there have been a number of major oil spills in history,such as the oil spill from the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig.Therefore,oil spills during storage and transportation have become an issue of serious concern.Current methods such as incineration and chemical methods cause secondary environmental pollution and fail to enable resource recovery.The adsorption method by porous materials has attracted worldwide attention due to its simplicity,portability,and efficiency.It has become an important factor to explore how porous adsorption materials can adsorb efficiently and reduce environmental pollution.Biomass resources are abundant,cost-effective,biodegradable,and sustainable,which have been extensively explored for the production of porous materials.Herein,recent advances in cellulose-based,chitosan-based,wood-based and other biomassbased oil-absorbing porous materials are summarized,and cellulose-based porous materials,such as nanocellulose,bacterial cellulose,and regenerated cellulose and their related derivatives,are further expanded.In addition,typical environmentally friendly manufacturing methods and the oil adsorption capacities of various oil-absorbing porous materials are also discussed.Compared with the traditional petrochemical adsorption materials,the development advantages of biomass porous oil absorption materials are analyzed.The reasons hindering the popularization and use of oil-absorbing biomass materials are summarized and the future application fields are prospected.
文摘Amidst the rapidly expanding integration of large language models(LLMs)across various sectors(ranging from everyday applications to specialized fields demanding stringent regulatory adherence),our investigation seeks to determine how well these models can support medical device software classification.Medical device classification functions to systematically categorize devices according to their designated use,associated risk levels,and requisite regulatory oversight,thereby providing a structured framework for ensuring safety and efficacy as mandated by regulatory authorities.
文摘The objective of this investigation is to assess the effect of obstacles on numerical heat transfer and fluid flow momentum in a rectangular microchannel(MC).Two distinct configurations were studied:one without obstacles and the other with alternating obstacles placed on the upper and lower walls.The research utilized the thermal lattice Boltzmann method(LBM),which solves the energy and momentum equations of fluids with the BGK approximation,implemented in a Python coding environment.Temperature jump and slip velocity conditions were utilized in the simulation for the MC and extended to all obstacle boundaries.The study aims to analyze the rarefaction effect,with Knudsen numbers(Kn)of 0.012,0.02,and 0.05.The outcomes indicate that rarefaction has a significant impact on the velocity and temperature distribution.The presence of nine obstacles led to slower fluid movement inside the microchannel MC,resulting in faster cooling at the outlet.In MCs with obstacles,the rarefaction effect plays a crucial role in decreasing the Nusselt number(Nu)and skin friction coefficient(Cf).Furthermore,the study demonstrated that the obstacles played a crucial role in boosting fluid flow and heat transfer in the MC.The findings suggest that the examined configurations could have potential applications as cooling technologies in micro-electro-mechanical systems and microdevice applications.
文摘A significant portion of the national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, though the extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, the contribution of Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) effluent to waters that supply drinking water treatment plants has been documented by some communities. In the United States (US), among the top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by upstream WRRF, 16% of the influent flow to the drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently, the full extent of de facto reuse in the US may be much higher because of population growth. The scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Authority (BJWSA) in South Carolina, US, with contributions to the Savannah River originating from numerous WRRF and other upstream dischargers. South Carolina coastal utilities such as BJSWA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by disposal limitations and challenges. Currently, South Carolina does not have a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions have started among the regulated community. In addition to understanding the extent of de facto reuse, the state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources challenges. Such guidance should address human health risk management and technical considerations regarding treatment in addition to other factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. This study conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJWSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah River, and observed that de facto reuse is approximately 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow months and is within the range generally observed nationwide. When coupled with evidence that planned potable reuse can improve human health and environmental risks, this practice is a meaningful option in the water supply portfolio for many utilities.
文摘Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a significant health concern affecting pregnant women worldwide. It is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy and poses risks to both maternal and fetal health. Maternal complications of GDM include an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life, as well as hypertension and preeclampsia during pregnancy. Fetal complications may include macrosomia (large birth weight), birth injuries, and an increased risk of developing metabolic disorders later in life. Understanding the demographics, risk factors, and biomarkers associated with GDM is crucial for effective management and prevention strategies. This research aims to address these aspects comprehensively through the analysis of a dataset comprising 600 pregnant women. By exploring the demographics of the dataset and employing data modeling techniques, the study seeks to identify key risk factors associated with GDM. Moreover, by analyzing various biomarkers, the research aims to gain insights into the physiological mechanisms underlying GDM and its implications for maternal and fetal health. The significance of this research lies in its potential to inform clinical practice and public health policies related to GDM. By identifying demographic patterns and risk factors, healthcare providers can better tailor screening and intervention strategies for pregnant women at risk of GDM. Additionally, insights into biomarkers associated with GDM may contribute to the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches. Ultimately, by enhancing our understanding of GDM, this research aims to improve maternal and fetal outcomes and reduce the burden of this condition on healthcare systems and society. However, it’s important to acknowledge the limitations of the dataset used in this study. Further research utilizing larger and more diverse datasets, perhaps employing advanced data analysis techniques such as Power BI, is warranted to corroborate and expand upon the findings of this research. This underscores the ongoing need for continued investigation into GDM to refine our understanding and improve clinical management strategies.
基金supported in parts by funds provided by“The Program for Maritim Competence(MARKOM II),”(https://www.markomii.no/om-markomii/),project 10039funds made available to UIT,The Arctic University of Norway。
文摘Arctic shipping poses environmental risks due to the region’s fragile ecosystems and rapid climate changes.Effective risk assessment tools are needed to ensure sustainable expansion and to carry out environmental impact assessments.This paper explores applications of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis(FMEA)and Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis(STPA)coupled with the consequences of a“Dynamic baseline approach”for Arctic shipping environmental impact assessment.Shipping entails complex interactions between environmental,technical,human,and organizational factors.FMEA identifies failure modes and their effects through component-level analysis.STPA examines how unsafe control actions can emerge from interactions between system components.Combining these techniques with a dynamic(variable)baseline,accounting for inherent ongoing changing Arctic conditions,offers a robust methodology.A qualitative case study shows that prioritizing hazards by risk,yields highest concerns,as increased greenhouse gas emissions,black carbon deposition on ice and snow,and response delays to accidents represent some of the most important identified threats to the environment.The use of FMEA and STPA are complementary,and differences are highlighted.The methodology applied,should be representative for the qualitative risk analysis methodology,and while the findings are impacted by the perspectives of the authors,the process followed is intended to identify and rank risks in a consistent manner.Mitigations measures must be in place to target these issues.Constant monitoring of the changing ecological and socioeconomic Arctic baselines supports the responses.This methodology offers a starting point for systematically addressing environmental impact risks in the data-limited Arctic.Integrating failure modes and effect analysis,system theories and dynamic baselines,account for identification of the complex interactions,influencing environmental risks in this rapidly evolving region.
文摘The objective of the work is to determine the influence of the PLA melting temperature during 3D printing on the dimensional accuracy of the model parts. Two modular drilling devices were also made using PLA model parts. The model parts were 3D printed using FDM technology and the ZMorph 2.0 hybrid 3D printer. The accuracy of 3D printing of the model part influences the realization of modular devices. In recent years, technology has evolved a lot, and the need to have the most efficient manufacturing equipment has increased. This is the reason for the development of 3D printers using FDM technology for plastic parts. The software used by these 3D printers used in FDM technology is very sophisticated, as they allow the manufacture of very precise 3D prototypes, identical to the designed 3D model, through modern additive manufacturing techniques. The quality and mechanical strength of the prototypes obtained using 3D printers is very good. The materials used by the 3D printers manufactured by FDM are cheap and accessible. These 3D printers are used to make three-dimensional objects (gears, flanges, bearings, covers, casings, mechanisms, figurines, interior and exterior design elements, architectural models, medical models).
文摘Public-and private-sector organizations have adopted artificial intelligence(AI)to meet the challenges of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.The successful implementation of AI is a challenging task,and previous research has advocated the need to explore key readiness before AI implementation.The objective of this study is to identify the AI readiness factors explored by different authors in past research.To achieve this,we conducted a rigorous literature review.The approach used in the systematic literature review is also discussed.A rigorous review of 52 studies from various journals and databases(Science Direct,Springer Link,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Emerald,and Google Scholar)identified 23 AI readiness factors.The key factors identified were mainly related to organizational information technology infrastructure,top management support,resource availability,collaborative culture,organizational size,organizational capability,compatibility,data quality,and financial budget,whereas the other 15 were potential factors in AI readiness.All of these factors should be considered before the implementation of AI in any organization.The findings also reflect a high failure rate,including AI readiness factors,which are intended to facilitate AI adoption in organizations and reduce the frequency of failures.These factors will aid management in developing an effective strategy for AI implementation in organizations.
文摘The Baiyun sag is a deep one developing on the slope of the Pearl River Mouth Basin. It occurs as a composite graben horizontally, and is composed of two sub-sags versus one low uplift. Vertically, the sedimentary architecture could be divided into three layers, i.e. the faulted layer on the bottom, the faulted-ductile stretching layer in the middle and the draping layer on the top. The main rifting stage of the sag is supposed to be characterized by ductile extension and thinning of the crust. The special deformation pattern is probably attributed to the fact that the Baiyun sag is located in the transfer zone of the pre-existing weak zone, which made the sag a strongly deformed area, characterized by the greatly thinned lithosphere and active magmatism. The highly rising mantle under the Baiyun sag should be an important mechanism responsible for the ductile deformation, which caused partial melting of the upper mantle. Upweiling to the upper crust and the sedimentary layers, the partial melting materials accommodated extensional strain and caused non-faulted vertical subsidence. Magma was collected under the transfer zone after the first stage of rifting, and transferred laterally in a direction perpendicular to the extension to the ENE and WSW parts of the sag and upwelled along the NW-trending basal faults, where WNW-trending shear faults developed in swarms. The faulting activity and sedimentation history of the Baiyun sag may have been affected by the ocean ridge jump around 24 Ma and the cessation of sea floor spreading around 16 Ma.
