The influencing factors of the equipment support activity process have the characteristics of nonlinearity, high dimension, many constraints, random uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty. Monte Carlo method can solve the ...The influencing factors of the equipment support activity process have the characteristics of nonlinearity, high dimension, many constraints, random uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty. Monte Carlo method can solve the above problems commendably. This paper analyzes the main equipment support activity process and establishes the sampling plan and simulation model of the medium maintenance process based on Monte Carlo method, and the simulation result verifies a fact that the medium maintenance time can be effectively reduced when parallel operation on some procedures is used. It has a practical value and can give good advice to achieve the capability of equipment supportability.展开更多
Time for single vehicle combat preparation(TSVCP) is an important characteristic parameter for the operational support feature of armored vehicle. During the development phase, how to validate the TSVCP of armored veh...Time for single vehicle combat preparation(TSVCP) is an important characteristic parameter for the operational support feature of armored vehicle. During the development phase, how to validate the TSVCP of armored vehicle through analytic method is a difficult issue in analysis and validation of vehicle supportability.This paper uses Monte Carlo approach and builds a working model for single vehicle combat preparation(SVCP)of armored vehicle, thus realizes the prediction and analysis of the TSVCP of armored vehicle, and finally validates the effectiveness of the approach by example.展开更多
For the disadvantages of analyzing system reliability using common Bayes method,an evaluation method based on improved Bayes-Bootstrap method is presented.Firstly,the data obliteration problem existing in traditional ...For the disadvantages of analyzing system reliability using common Bayes method,an evaluation method based on improved Bayes-Bootstrap method is presented.Firstly,the data obliteration problem existing in traditional Bayes method is analyzed,then an improved sampling arithmetic is proposed on the foundation of an experience function.Finally,effectiveness of this method is proved by an example.The simulating result shows that this method is more accurate than common Bayes method.展开更多
In order to prepare special MRFs to satisfy the demands of tracked vehicle,two different carrier fluids were used to prepare MRFs.Preparation of MRF,which are based on carrier of special shock absorption fluid and 45#...In order to prepare special MRFs to satisfy the demands of tracked vehicle,two different carrier fluids were used to prepare MRFs.Preparation of MRF,which are based on carrier of special shock absorption fluid and 45# transformer oil,was finished.And characteristics of these samples were tested and analyzed.The results show that Tween-80 and Span-80 can improve the sedimentary stability,and the larger mass fraction can also increase the sedimentary stability.Using 45# transformer oil instead of special shock absorption fluid as a carrier of MRF,the shear yield stress remains nearly constant but the viscosity and the sedimentary stability are reduced.The MRF with diameter of 2.73 μm shows better sedimentary stability than that of the MRF with diameter of 2.30 μm,or 4.02 μm.Stearic acid obviously improves sedimentary stability and off-state viscosity,but has no function on the shear yield stress.In magnetic field of 237 kA/m,the shear yield stress of MRF based on special shock absorption fluid is 18.34 kPa and the shear yield stress of MRF based on 45# transformer oil is 14.26 kPa.展开更多
Over recent years the progress in actuator and microelectronics technology has made intelligent suspension systems feasible.Based on conventional vane hydraulic damper,a new vane magneto-rheological fluid(MRF) damper ...Over recent years the progress in actuator and microelectronics technology has made intelligent suspension systems feasible.Based on conventional vane hydraulic damper,a new vane magneto-rheological fluid(MRF) damper with fail-safe capability is designed.Firstly,the mathematical model of damping moment is deduced based on the parallel-plate model and Bingham model of MR fluids.Secondly,some influence factors of damping adjustable multiple are analyzed to provide some ways for augmenting the damping adjustable multiple under the condition of keeping initial damping moment invariable.Finally,the magnetic circuit is designed,and magnetic field distribution is simulated with the magnetic finite element analysis software-ANSOFT.The theory and simulation results confirm that the damping adjustable range of vane MRF damper can meet the requirement of heavy vehicle semi-active suspension system.展开更多
The reliability assessment model of k /N system is built based on Copula function theory considering the failure correlativity existing among components,and then a simulation strategy is presented on the foundation of...The reliability assessment model of k /N system is built based on Copula function theory considering the failure correlativity existing among components,and then a simulation strategy is presented on the foundation of agent technique.The components and equipment entity model are designed according to the modeling technique above to describe the operation relationship during the mission phase,and then the simulation system for the assessment of product reliability is completed.And at last,an example is given with different material support programs.The research result has shown that the relevance existing in components has effect on the confirmation and optimization of maintenance strategy.展开更多
The core of grid technology is just to solve the problem of resource share and to eliminate information island and resource island. Thus, it is a perfect approach to apply the grid technology to armored equipment mate...The core of grid technology is just to solve the problem of resource share and to eliminate information island and resource island. Thus, it is a perfect approach to apply the grid technology to armored equipment materiel support. Firstly, the military and function demands of armored equipment materiel support grid are analyzed. Besides, according to the function demand, the system structure of armored equipment materiel support grid is designed. Finally, the organizational structure of armored equipment materiel support grid is established in this paper based on actual armored equipment materiel support.展开更多
The mission reliability assessment plays a great role in logistics planning and supporting resource optimization of complex system.But the current problem,which is difficult to solve,is how to model and analyze the ch...The mission reliability assessment plays a great role in logistics planning and supporting resource optimization of complex system.But the current problem,which is difficult to solve,is how to model and analyze the characters of system reliability under the complex mission profile.In order to solve the problem,an agentbased simulation method was used to assess reliability for complex systems with various random working conditions.A multi-working condition simulation agent(MA)was designed and used to simulate the random transferring process of working conditions of system,and it cooperated with system simulation agents(SAs)and unit simulation agents(UAs)to realize system mission reliability(MR)simulation.Through simulation experiments,effect of multiple working conditions mission on the reliability of system was analyzed by comparing with the basic reliability condition.Feasibility and efficiency of the method were proved through simulation experiments of the case system.The research result provides a viable and useful method and a solution for MR analysis and assessment of complex systems in multi-working conditions,which can help to evaluate the reliability of operating system orienting to the practical mission and environment,and it is meaningful for the reliability analysis and the design of complex systems.展开更多
The divisions of the typical army maintenance organization's tasks in wartime are discussed.Two distribution models of armored equipment maintenance objects are presented:one is calculated by maintenance workload ...The divisions of the typical army maintenance organization's tasks in wartime are discussed.Two distribution models of armored equipment maintenance objects are presented:one is calculated by maintenance workload and the other is calculated by maintenance time.Combined with the division of maintenance time limit for the land force's maintenance institutions,the probability distribution of the maintenance object which is produced from the typical armored equipment's technical failure and battle damage in every repair organization is obtained.A new way for the study of the distribution law of battle damage is supplied,which has an active function to improve the accuracy of technical support program.展开更多
Food waste is recognized as a valuable source for potential agricultural applications to supply organic matter and nutrients to arable soil.However,the information on the combined application of food waste and the pla...Food waste is recognized as a valuable source for potential agricultural applications to supply organic matter and nutrients to arable soil.However,the information on the combined application of food waste and the plant growth-promoting bacterial strain,Chlorella,related to plant metabolic features and sodium chloride content in arable soil is limited.The present study was conducted to investigate the exogenous application of food waste along with Chlorella,which improved the physio-morphological features of red pepper.Our results revealed that this combination enhanced the organic matter in the soil,ultimately improving the fertility rate of the soil,and the physio-morphological features,such as chlorophyll a content(24.5±0.7),root(7.8±0.7)cm and shoot length(12.1±0.7)cm,fresh weight(2.1±0.05)g,dry weight(0.19±0.05)g,mineral contents,and hormonal concentration(ABA by up to 2 folds).The combined treatment also minimized free radicals via the activation of the intrinsic antioxidant series cascade and electrolyte leakage.Our findings showed that adding Chlorella and food wastes improved growth characteristics and can be used as a green bio-fertilizer for sustainable agriculture.展开更多
In several countries, the residual RHA （rice husk ash） has been produced in rice processing industries or in thermoelectric plants that use rice husk to generate heat and/or electrical energy, usually without burnin...In several countries, the residual RHA （rice husk ash） has been produced in rice processing industries or in thermoelectric plants that use rice husk to generate heat and/or electrical energy, usually without burning process control. This causes a reduction in the amorphous silica content of residual RHA, which distinguishes them from the RHA produced according to controlled burning process, which is totally amorphous and considered a highly reactive pozzolan. In this paper, the hydration products and the porous structure of binders paste were studied by replacing, in weight of 5%, 10% and 20% of Portland cement OPC （ordinary Portland cement）, by residual RHAs named A and B, which have high and low content of amorphous silica, respectively, using microstructure evaluation techniques as XRD （X-ray diffraction）, TG （thermogravimetric） tests and MIP （mercury intrusion porosimetry）. A reducing the size of the pores of the pastes was observed according to the increase of content replacement of RHA A and RHA B.展开更多
The paper deals with systems suffered from gradual deterioration. To avoid functional failures and disastrous consequences, such systems should be monitored and preventively maintained. And to promote the maintenance ...The paper deals with systems suffered from gradual deterioration. To avoid functional failures and disastrous consequences, such systems should be monitored and preventively maintained. And to promote the maintenance effectiveness, an unequal time-interval maintenance policy was brought forward to substitute fixedinterval preventive maintenance strategy. At the same time, preventive and corrective maintenance actions are both assumed to be imperfect, and their impact on the system is expressed by the increment of failure rate. The case study shown that the unequal time-interval maintenance policy proposed in the paper is of help to promote the availability of the system.展开更多
Lung cancer is emerging as a common malignancy worldwide,with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounting for approximately 85%of all cases.Two-dimensional(2D)in vitro cell line cultures and animal models are currentl...Lung cancer is emerging as a common malignancy worldwide,with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounting for approximately 85%of all cases.Two-dimensional(2D)in vitro cell line cultures and animal models are currently used to study NSCLC.However,2D cell cultures fail to replicate the medication response and neoplastic heterogeneity of parental tumors.Animal models are expensive and require lengthy modeling cycles.The generation of in vitro three-dimensional(3D)tissue cultures called organoids,which exhibit multicellular,anatomical,and functional properties of real organs,is now achievable owing to advancements in stem cell culturing.The genetic,proteomic,morphological,and pharmacological characteristics of tumors are largely preserved in tumor organoids grown in vitro.The design and physiology of human organs can be precisely reconstructed in tumor organoids,opening new possibilities for complementing the use of animal models and studying human diseases.This review summarizes the development of NSCLC organoids and their applications in basic research,drug testing,immunotherapy,and individualized treatments.展开更多
Background:P311,a highly conserved 8 kDa intracellular protein,has recently been reported to play an important role in aggravating hypertrophic scaring by promoting the differentiation and secretion of fibroblasts.Nev...Background:P311,a highly conserved 8 kDa intracellular protein,has recently been reported to play an important role in aggravating hypertrophic scaring by promoting the differentiation and secretion of fibroblasts.Nevertheless,how P311 regulates the differentiation and function of fibroblasts to affect granulation tissue formation remains unclear.In this work,we studied the underlying mechanisms via which P311 affects fibroblasts and promotes acute skin wound repair.Methods:To explore the role of P311,both in vitro and in vivo wound-healing models were used.Full-thickness skin excisional wounds were made in wild-type and P311−/−C57 adult mice.Wound healing rate,re-epithelialization,granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition were measured at days 3,6 and 9 after skin injury.The biological phenotypes of fibroblasts,the expression of target proteins and relevant signaling pathways were examined both in vitro and in vivo.Results:P311 could promote the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts,enhance the ability of myofibroblasts to secrete extracellular matrix and promote cell contraction,and then facilitate the formation of granulation tissue and eventually accelerate skin wound closure.Importantly,we discovered that P311 acts via up-regulating the expression of type II transforming growth factor-βreceptor(TGF-βRII)in fibroblasts and promoting the activation of the TGF-βRII-Smad signaling pathway.Mechanistically,the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway is closely implicated in the regulation of the TGF-βRII-Smad pathway in fibroblasts mediated by P311.Conclusions:P311 plays a critical role in activation of the TGF-βRII-Smad pathway to promote fibroblast proliferation and differentiation as well as granulation tissue formation in the process of skin wound repair.展开更多
基金the Special Research Fund for the Research on Armored Vehicle Supportability Requirement Analysis(No.51319050302)
文摘The influencing factors of the equipment support activity process have the characteristics of nonlinearity, high dimension, many constraints, random uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty. Monte Carlo method can solve the above problems commendably. This paper analyzes the main equipment support activity process and establishes the sampling plan and simulation model of the medium maintenance process based on Monte Carlo method, and the simulation result verifies a fact that the medium maintenance time can be effectively reduced when parallel operation on some procedures is used. It has a practical value and can give good advice to achieve the capability of equipment supportability.
文摘Time for single vehicle combat preparation(TSVCP) is an important characteristic parameter for the operational support feature of armored vehicle. During the development phase, how to validate the TSVCP of armored vehicle through analytic method is a difficult issue in analysis and validation of vehicle supportability.This paper uses Monte Carlo approach and builds a working model for single vehicle combat preparation(SVCP)of armored vehicle, thus realizes the prediction and analysis of the TSVCP of armored vehicle, and finally validates the effectiveness of the approach by example.
文摘For the disadvantages of analyzing system reliability using common Bayes method,an evaluation method based on improved Bayes-Bootstrap method is presented.Firstly,the data obliteration problem existing in traditional Bayes method is analyzed,then an improved sampling arithmetic is proposed on the foundation of an experience function.Finally,effectiveness of this method is proved by an example.The simulating result shows that this method is more accurate than common Bayes method.
文摘In order to prepare special MRFs to satisfy the demands of tracked vehicle,two different carrier fluids were used to prepare MRFs.Preparation of MRF,which are based on carrier of special shock absorption fluid and 45# transformer oil,was finished.And characteristics of these samples were tested and analyzed.The results show that Tween-80 and Span-80 can improve the sedimentary stability,and the larger mass fraction can also increase the sedimentary stability.Using 45# transformer oil instead of special shock absorption fluid as a carrier of MRF,the shear yield stress remains nearly constant but the viscosity and the sedimentary stability are reduced.The MRF with diameter of 2.73 μm shows better sedimentary stability than that of the MRF with diameter of 2.30 μm,or 4.02 μm.Stearic acid obviously improves sedimentary stability and off-state viscosity,but has no function on the shear yield stress.In magnetic field of 237 kA/m,the shear yield stress of MRF based on special shock absorption fluid is 18.34 kPa and the shear yield stress of MRF based on 45# transformer oil is 14.26 kPa.
基金the National Defence Sci-Tech Key Lab Fundation(51457040204BQ0102)
文摘Over recent years the progress in actuator and microelectronics technology has made intelligent suspension systems feasible.Based on conventional vane hydraulic damper,a new vane magneto-rheological fluid(MRF) damper with fail-safe capability is designed.Firstly,the mathematical model of damping moment is deduced based on the parallel-plate model and Bingham model of MR fluids.Secondly,some influence factors of damping adjustable multiple are analyzed to provide some ways for augmenting the damping adjustable multiple under the condition of keeping initial damping moment invariable.Finally,the magnetic circuit is designed,and magnetic field distribution is simulated with the magnetic finite element analysis software-ANSOFT.The theory and simulation results confirm that the damping adjustable range of vane MRF damper can meet the requirement of heavy vehicle semi-active suspension system.
文摘The reliability assessment model of k /N system is built based on Copula function theory considering the failure correlativity existing among components,and then a simulation strategy is presented on the foundation of agent technique.The components and equipment entity model are designed according to the modeling technique above to describe the operation relationship during the mission phase,and then the simulation system for the assessment of product reliability is completed.And at last,an example is given with different material support programs.The research result has shown that the relevance existing in components has effect on the confirmation and optimization of maintenance strategy.
文摘The core of grid technology is just to solve the problem of resource share and to eliminate information island and resource island. Thus, it is a perfect approach to apply the grid technology to armored equipment materiel support. Firstly, the military and function demands of armored equipment materiel support grid are analyzed. Besides, according to the function demand, the system structure of armored equipment materiel support grid is designed. Finally, the organizational structure of armored equipment materiel support grid is established in this paper based on actual armored equipment materiel support.
文摘The mission reliability assessment plays a great role in logistics planning and supporting resource optimization of complex system.But the current problem,which is difficult to solve,is how to model and analyze the characters of system reliability under the complex mission profile.In order to solve the problem,an agentbased simulation method was used to assess reliability for complex systems with various random working conditions.A multi-working condition simulation agent(MA)was designed and used to simulate the random transferring process of working conditions of system,and it cooperated with system simulation agents(SAs)and unit simulation agents(UAs)to realize system mission reliability(MR)simulation.Through simulation experiments,effect of multiple working conditions mission on the reliability of system was analyzed by comparing with the basic reliability condition.Feasibility and efficiency of the method were proved through simulation experiments of the case system.The research result provides a viable and useful method and a solution for MR analysis and assessment of complex systems in multi-working conditions,which can help to evaluate the reliability of operating system orienting to the practical mission and environment,and it is meaningful for the reliability analysis and the design of complex systems.
文摘The divisions of the typical army maintenance organization's tasks in wartime are discussed.Two distribution models of armored equipment maintenance objects are presented:one is calculated by maintenance workload and the other is calculated by maintenance time.Combined with the division of maintenance time limit for the land force's maintenance institutions,the probability distribution of the maintenance object which is produced from the typical armored equipment's technical failure and battle damage in every repair organization is obtained.A new way for the study of the distribution law of battle damage is supplied,which has an active function to improve the accuracy of technical support program.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant Funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)(No.2022R1A2C1008993).
文摘Food waste is recognized as a valuable source for potential agricultural applications to supply organic matter and nutrients to arable soil.However,the information on the combined application of food waste and the plant growth-promoting bacterial strain,Chlorella,related to plant metabolic features and sodium chloride content in arable soil is limited.The present study was conducted to investigate the exogenous application of food waste along with Chlorella,which improved the physio-morphological features of red pepper.Our results revealed that this combination enhanced the organic matter in the soil,ultimately improving the fertility rate of the soil,and the physio-morphological features,such as chlorophyll a content(24.5±0.7),root(7.8±0.7)cm and shoot length(12.1±0.7)cm,fresh weight(2.1±0.05)g,dry weight(0.19±0.05)g,mineral contents,and hormonal concentration(ABA by up to 2 folds).The combined treatment also minimized free radicals via the activation of the intrinsic antioxidant series cascade and electrolyte leakage.Our findings showed that adding Chlorella and food wastes improved growth characteristics and can be used as a green bio-fertilizer for sustainable agriculture.
文摘In several countries, the residual RHA （rice husk ash） has been produced in rice processing industries or in thermoelectric plants that use rice husk to generate heat and/or electrical energy, usually without burning process control. This causes a reduction in the amorphous silica content of residual RHA, which distinguishes them from the RHA produced according to controlled burning process, which is totally amorphous and considered a highly reactive pozzolan. In this paper, the hydration products and the porous structure of binders paste were studied by replacing, in weight of 5%, 10% and 20% of Portland cement OPC （ordinary Portland cement）, by residual RHAs named A and B, which have high and low content of amorphous silica, respectively, using microstructure evaluation techniques as XRD （X-ray diffraction）, TG （thermogravimetric） tests and MIP （mercury intrusion porosimetry）. A reducing the size of the pores of the pastes was observed according to the increase of content replacement of RHA A and RHA B.
文摘The paper deals with systems suffered from gradual deterioration. To avoid functional failures and disastrous consequences, such systems should be monitored and preventively maintained. And to promote the maintenance effectiveness, an unequal time-interval maintenance policy was brought forward to substitute fixedinterval preventive maintenance strategy. At the same time, preventive and corrective maintenance actions are both assumed to be imperfect, and their impact on the system is expressed by the increment of failure rate. The case study shown that the unequal time-interval maintenance policy proposed in the paper is of help to promote the availability of the system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271363 and No.82172831)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0642).
文摘Lung cancer is emerging as a common malignancy worldwide,with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)accounting for approximately 85%of all cases.Two-dimensional(2D)in vitro cell line cultures and animal models are currently used to study NSCLC.However,2D cell cultures fail to replicate the medication response and neoplastic heterogeneity of parental tumors.Animal models are expensive and require lengthy modeling cycles.The generation of in vitro three-dimensional(3D)tissue cultures called organoids,which exhibit multicellular,anatomical,and functional properties of real organs,is now achievable owing to advancements in stem cell culturing.The genetic,proteomic,morphological,and pharmacological characteristics of tumors are largely preserved in tumor organoids grown in vitro.The design and physiology of human organs can be precisely reconstructed in tumor organoids,opening new possibilities for complementing the use of animal models and studying human diseases.This review summarizes the development of NSCLC organoids and their applications in basic research,drug testing,immunotherapy,and individualized treatments.
基金National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.31872742 to W.F.H.and No.81630055 to G.X.L.)Military Medical Science and Technology Youth Training Program of Army Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University)(No.20QNPY024 to W.F.H.)the Special Project for Enhancing Science and Technology Innovation Ability(frontier exploration)of Army Military Medical University(Third Military Medical University)(No.2019XQY12 to W.F.H.).
文摘Background:P311,a highly conserved 8 kDa intracellular protein,has recently been reported to play an important role in aggravating hypertrophic scaring by promoting the differentiation and secretion of fibroblasts.Nevertheless,how P311 regulates the differentiation and function of fibroblasts to affect granulation tissue formation remains unclear.In this work,we studied the underlying mechanisms via which P311 affects fibroblasts and promotes acute skin wound repair.Methods:To explore the role of P311,both in vitro and in vivo wound-healing models were used.Full-thickness skin excisional wounds were made in wild-type and P311−/−C57 adult mice.Wound healing rate,re-epithelialization,granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition were measured at days 3,6 and 9 after skin injury.The biological phenotypes of fibroblasts,the expression of target proteins and relevant signaling pathways were examined both in vitro and in vivo.Results:P311 could promote the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts,enhance the ability of myofibroblasts to secrete extracellular matrix and promote cell contraction,and then facilitate the formation of granulation tissue and eventually accelerate skin wound closure.Importantly,we discovered that P311 acts via up-regulating the expression of type II transforming growth factor-βreceptor(TGF-βRII)in fibroblasts and promoting the activation of the TGF-βRII-Smad signaling pathway.Mechanistically,the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway is closely implicated in the regulation of the TGF-βRII-Smad pathway in fibroblasts mediated by P311.Conclusions:P311 plays a critical role in activation of the TGF-βRII-Smad pathway to promote fibroblast proliferation and differentiation as well as granulation tissue formation in the process of skin wound repair.
