Particle breakage commonly occurs during processing of particulate materials,but a mechanistic model of particle impact breakage is not fully established.This article presents oblique impact breakage characteristics o...Particle breakage commonly occurs during processing of particulate materials,but a mechanistic model of particle impact breakage is not fully established.This article presents oblique impact breakage characteristics of nonspherical particles using discrete element method(DEM)simulations.Three different particle shapes,i.e.spherical,cuboidal and cylindrical,are investigated.Constituent spheres are agglomerated with bridging bonds to model the breakage characteristics under impact conditions.The effect of agglomerate shapes on the breakage pattern,damage ratio,and fragment size distribution is fully investigated.By using a newly proposed oblique impact model,unified breakage master surfaces are theoretically constructed for all the particle shapes under oblique impact conditions.The developed approach can be applied to modelling particulate processes where nonspherical particles and oblique impact breakage are prevailing.展开更多
Plasmonic metal nanostructures hold immense promise for catalysis,yet their potential remains limited by inefficient utilization of plasmon-derived energy.Herein,guided by theoretical predictions on the merits of plas...Plasmonic metal nanostructures hold immense promise for catalysis,yet their potential remains limited by inefficient utilization of plasmon-derived energy.Herein,guided by theoretical predictions on the merits of plasmon-coupling metal nanoparticles within dielectric matrices,Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)nanoreactors,where clustered Ru nanoparticles confined in a porous SiO_(2)shell,are rationally designed.This architecture features enhanced plasmon-energy harvesting,intensified electromagnetic field confinement,and optimized photothermal management.Consequently,the as-designed Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)-2 nanoreactor achieved a remarkable CH_(4)production rate of 8.75 mol g_(Ru)^(-1)h^(-1)with near-100%selectivity at 250℃under irradiation in photo-thermal CO_(2)methanation,surpassing surface-supported Rum/pSiO_(2)and isolated Ru_(1)@pSiO_(2)catalysts by 3.2-and 2.6-fold,respectively.Notably,it delivered a CH_(4)yield of 2.26 L g_(cat)^(-1)h^(-1)under natural sunlight,even on a winter day(outdoor temperature:-4-6℃).This study provides a comprehensive understanding on plasmonic energy utilization for photo-thermal catalysis and establishes a groundbreaking design paradigm for next-generation photothermal catalysts.展开更多
A hafnium strontium oxide(HfSrO)liquid crystal(LC)alignment film was efficiently created through brush coating,and its ability to change the LC alignment direction was confirmed.A brush was applied to HfSrO sol coated...A hafnium strontium oxide(HfSrO)liquid crystal(LC)alignment film was efficiently created through brush coating,and its ability to change the LC alignment direction was confirmed.A brush was applied to HfSrO sol coated on an indium-tin oxide substrate,after which the coating was solidified at var-ious curing temperatures.It was confirmed that a directional micro/nanostructure was formed above 280°C due to the shear stresses caused by the movement of the brush hairs.Surface chemical changes were analyzed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements.As the curing temperature increased,the prevalence of oxygen bonds increased and the contact angle decreased,thereby increasing the surface energy.The anisotropic boundary of the micro-grooves and the van der Waals forces due to an increase in surface energy changed the alignment direction of LC mole-cules from vertical to horizontal,as verified through polarized optical microscopy and pretilt angle measurements.Thus,the efficiency of the brush-coating method,which dramatically simplifies the LC alignment film process,was confirmed.The homeotropic/homogeneous LC alignment property of the HfSrO film produced through brush coating depending on the curing temperature provides an innovative approach for LC alignment.展开更多
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program(Overseas)(grant No.YQ2023-22)Shandong Excellent YoungsScientistsFund Program(Overseas)(grant No.2022HWYQ-020)Shenzhen Science and TechnologyProgram(grant No.RCBS20200714114910354,JCYJ20220530141016036 and GJHZ20200731095006019).
文摘Particle breakage commonly occurs during processing of particulate materials,but a mechanistic model of particle impact breakage is not fully established.This article presents oblique impact breakage characteristics of nonspherical particles using discrete element method(DEM)simulations.Three different particle shapes,i.e.spherical,cuboidal and cylindrical,are investigated.Constituent spheres are agglomerated with bridging bonds to model the breakage characteristics under impact conditions.The effect of agglomerate shapes on the breakage pattern,damage ratio,and fragment size distribution is fully investigated.By using a newly proposed oblique impact model,unified breakage master surfaces are theoretically constructed for all the particle shapes under oblique impact conditions.The developed approach can be applied to modelling particulate processes where nonspherical particles and oblique impact breakage are prevailing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172213)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023YQ038)+1 种基金Shandong Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program(Overseas)(2022HWYQ-020)the Project of“20 Items of University”of Jinan(202333055)。
文摘Plasmonic metal nanostructures hold immense promise for catalysis,yet their potential remains limited by inefficient utilization of plasmon-derived energy.Herein,guided by theoretical predictions on the merits of plasmon-coupling metal nanoparticles within dielectric matrices,Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)nanoreactors,where clustered Ru nanoparticles confined in a porous SiO_(2)shell,are rationally designed.This architecture features enhanced plasmon-energy harvesting,intensified electromagnetic field confinement,and optimized photothermal management.Consequently,the as-designed Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)-2 nanoreactor achieved a remarkable CH_(4)production rate of 8.75 mol g_(Ru)^(-1)h^(-1)with near-100%selectivity at 250℃under irradiation in photo-thermal CO_(2)methanation,surpassing surface-supported Rum/pSiO_(2)and isolated Ru_(1)@pSiO_(2)catalysts by 3.2-and 2.6-fold,respectively.Notably,it delivered a CH_(4)yield of 2.26 L g_(cat)^(-1)h^(-1)under natural sunlight,even on a winter day(outdoor temperature:-4-6℃).This study provides a comprehensive understanding on plasmonic energy utilization for photo-thermal catalysis and establishes a groundbreaking design paradigm for next-generation photothermal catalysts.
基金This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea[2020R1G1A1013604].
文摘A hafnium strontium oxide(HfSrO)liquid crystal(LC)alignment film was efficiently created through brush coating,and its ability to change the LC alignment direction was confirmed.A brush was applied to HfSrO sol coated on an indium-tin oxide substrate,after which the coating was solidified at var-ious curing temperatures.It was confirmed that a directional micro/nanostructure was formed above 280°C due to the shear stresses caused by the movement of the brush hairs.Surface chemical changes were analyzed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements.As the curing temperature increased,the prevalence of oxygen bonds increased and the contact angle decreased,thereby increasing the surface energy.The anisotropic boundary of the micro-grooves and the van der Waals forces due to an increase in surface energy changed the alignment direction of LC mole-cules from vertical to horizontal,as verified through polarized optical microscopy and pretilt angle measurements.Thus,the efficiency of the brush-coating method,which dramatically simplifies the LC alignment film process,was confirmed.The homeotropic/homogeneous LC alignment property of the HfSrO film produced through brush coating depending on the curing temperature provides an innovative approach for LC alignment.
