Benefiting from the widespread potential applications in the era of the Internet of Thing and metaverse,triboelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators(TENG&PENG)have attracted considerably increasing attention.The...Benefiting from the widespread potential applications in the era of the Internet of Thing and metaverse,triboelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators(TENG&PENG)have attracted considerably increasing attention.Their outstanding characteristics,such as self-powered ability,high output performance,integration compatibility,cost-effectiveness,simple configurations,and versatile operation modes,could effectively expand the lifetime of vastly distributed wearable,implantable,and environmental devices,eventually achieving self-sustainable,maintenance-free,and reliable systems.However,current triboelectric/piezoelectric based active(i.e.self-powered)sensors still encounter serious bottlenecks in continuous monitoring and multimodal applications due to their intrinsic limitations of monomodal kinetic response and discontinuous transient output.This work systematically summarizes and evaluates the recent research endeavors to address the above challenges,with detailed discussions on the challenge origins,designing strategies,device performance,and corresponding diverse applications.Finally,conclusions and outlook regarding the research gap in self-powered continuous multimodal monitoring systems are provided,proposing the necessity of future research development in this field.展开更多
Targeted stem cell delivery utilizing a magnetic actuation system is an emerging technology in stem cell engineering that efficiently targets stem cells in specific areas in vitro.However,integrating precise magnetic ...Targeted stem cell delivery utilizing a magnetic actuation system is an emerging technology in stem cell engineering that efficiently targets stem cells in specific areas in vitro.However,integrating precise magnetic control systems with selective neural differentiation has not yet been widely considered for building successful neural networks.Challenges arise in creating targeted functional neuronal networks,largely due to difficulties in simultaneously controlling the positions of stem cells and selectively stimulating their differentiation.These challenges often result in suboptimal differentiation rates and abnormalities in transplanted neural stem cells.In contrast,ultrasound stimulation has superior tissue penetration and focusing capability,and represents a promising noninvasive neural stimulation technique capable of modulating neural activity and promoting selective differentiation into neuronal stem cells.In this study,we introduce a method for targeted neural differentiation using localized ultrasonic stimulation with a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer(pMUT)array.Differentiation was assessed quantitatively by monitoring neurite outgrowth as the ultrasound intensity was increased.The neurite length of cells ultrasonically stimulated for 40 min was found to have increased,compared to the non-stimulated group(119.9±34.3μm vs.63.2±17.3μm,respectively).Targeted differentiation was confirmed by measuring neurite lengths,where selective ultrasound stimulation induced differentiation in cells that were precisely delivered via an electromagnetic system.Magnetic cell-based robots reaching the area of localized ultrasound stimulation were confirmed to have enhanced differentiation.This research demonstrated the potential of the combination of precise stem cell delivery with selective neural differentiation to establish functional neural networks.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFB3603403,2021YFB3600502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62075040,62301150)+3 种基金the Southeast University Interdisciplinary Research Program for Young Scholars(2024FGC1007)the Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University(RF1028623164)the Nanjing Science and Technology Innovation Project for Returned Overseas Talent(4206002302)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242024K40015).
文摘Benefiting from the widespread potential applications in the era of the Internet of Thing and metaverse,triboelectric and piezoelectric nanogenerators(TENG&PENG)have attracted considerably increasing attention.Their outstanding characteristics,such as self-powered ability,high output performance,integration compatibility,cost-effectiveness,simple configurations,and versatile operation modes,could effectively expand the lifetime of vastly distributed wearable,implantable,and environmental devices,eventually achieving self-sustainable,maintenance-free,and reliable systems.However,current triboelectric/piezoelectric based active(i.e.self-powered)sensors still encounter serious bottlenecks in continuous monitoring and multimodal applications due to their intrinsic limitations of monomodal kinetic response and discontinuous transient output.This work systematically summarizes and evaluates the recent research endeavors to address the above challenges,with detailed discussions on the challenge origins,designing strategies,device performance,and corresponding diverse applications.Finally,conclusions and outlook regarding the research gap in self-powered continuous multimodal monitoring systems are provided,proposing the necessity of future research development in this field.
基金financially supported by the National Convergence Research of Scientific Challenges through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(no.2021M3F7A1082275)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT.
文摘Targeted stem cell delivery utilizing a magnetic actuation system is an emerging technology in stem cell engineering that efficiently targets stem cells in specific areas in vitro.However,integrating precise magnetic control systems with selective neural differentiation has not yet been widely considered for building successful neural networks.Challenges arise in creating targeted functional neuronal networks,largely due to difficulties in simultaneously controlling the positions of stem cells and selectively stimulating their differentiation.These challenges often result in suboptimal differentiation rates and abnormalities in transplanted neural stem cells.In contrast,ultrasound stimulation has superior tissue penetration and focusing capability,and represents a promising noninvasive neural stimulation technique capable of modulating neural activity and promoting selective differentiation into neuronal stem cells.In this study,we introduce a method for targeted neural differentiation using localized ultrasonic stimulation with a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer(pMUT)array.Differentiation was assessed quantitatively by monitoring neurite outgrowth as the ultrasound intensity was increased.The neurite length of cells ultrasonically stimulated for 40 min was found to have increased,compared to the non-stimulated group(119.9±34.3μm vs.63.2±17.3μm,respectively).Targeted differentiation was confirmed by measuring neurite lengths,where selective ultrasound stimulation induced differentiation in cells that were precisely delivered via an electromagnetic system.Magnetic cell-based robots reaching the area of localized ultrasound stimulation were confirmed to have enhanced differentiation.This research demonstrated the potential of the combination of precise stem cell delivery with selective neural differentiation to establish functional neural networks.
