Ensuring the reliability of pipe pile designs under earthquake loading necessitates an accurate determination of lateral displacement and bending moment,typically achieved through complex numerical modeling to address...Ensuring the reliability of pipe pile designs under earthquake loading necessitates an accurate determination of lateral displacement and bending moment,typically achieved through complex numerical modeling to address the intricacies of soil-pile interaction.Despite recent advancements in machine learning techniques,there is a persistent need to establish data-driven models that can predict these parameters without using numerical simulations due to the difficulties in conducting correct numerical simulations and the need for constitutive modelling parameters that are not readily available.This research presents novel lateral displacement and bending moment predictive models for closed and open-ended pipe piles,employing a Genetic Programming(GP)approach.Utilizing a soil dataset extracted from existing literature,comprising 392 data points for both pile types embedded in cohesionless soil and subjected to earthquake loading,the study intentionally limited input parameters to three features to enhance model simplicity:Standard Penetration Test(SPT)corrected blow count(N60),Peak Ground Acceleration(PGA),and pile slenderness ratio(L/D).Model performance was assessed via coefficient of determination(R^(2)),Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE),and Mean Absolute Error(MAE),with R^(2) values ranging from 0.95 to 0.99 for the training set,and from 0.92 to 0.98 for the testing set,which indicate of high accuracy of prediction.Finally,the study concludes with a sensitivity analysis,evaluating the influence of each input parameter across different pile types.展开更多
Road traffic accidents are the outcome of the factors associated with the traffic system namely road users, road environment and vehicles. Despite good road surface, the Kathmandu-Bhaktapur road has high accident reco...Road traffic accidents are the outcome of the factors associated with the traffic system namely road users, road environment and vehicles. Despite good road surface, the Kathmandu-Bhaktapur road has high accident records. The traffic police record shows that 1530 accidents have occurred from July 2009 to June 2012. The area of study of this research is the Kathmandu-Bhaktapur road which starts at Tinkune Kathmandu and ends at Suryabinayak with a length of 9.1 kilometer, a section of Araniko highway heading towards China. The road is the first ever six lane road constructed in Nepal. The objectives of this research work are to identify locations with high accident numbers, to investigate possible causes of accidents, and to propose countermeasures for traffic safety along the Kathmandu-Bhaktapur road.展开更多
In this investigation,the bearing capacity solution of a strip footing in anisotropic clay under inclined and eccentric load is analyzed using the numerical simulation model.The lower and upper bound finite element li...In this investigation,the bearing capacity solution of a strip footing in anisotropic clay under inclined and eccentric load is analyzed using the numerical simulation model.The lower and upper bound finite element limit analysis(FELA)approaches are utilized to establish precise modeling and derive the numerical outcomes of a strip footing’s bearing capacity.All analyses use effective automated adaptive meshes with three iteration stages to enhance the accuracy of the outcomes.The parametric analysis is performed to examine the influence of four dimensionless parameters which are taken into account in this study,namely the anisotropic strength ratio,the dimensionless eccentricity,the load inclination angle,and the adhesion factor to the bearing capacity factor.Furthermore,a new model has been proposed to predict the bearing capacity factor for the calculation of the undrained bearing capacity for footings resting on an anisotropic clay using an advanced data-driven method(MOGA-EPR).The new model takes into account the anisotropy,eccentricity,and inclination of the applied load and could be used with confidence in routine designs of shallow foundations in undrained conditions with the consideration of the anisotropic strengths of clays.展开更多
Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them maintenance is essential. The delay of maintenance works can lead the road in the stage of expensive rehabilitation and reconstruction. In Nepal, Departmen...Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them maintenance is essential. The delay of maintenance works can lead the road in the stage of expensive rehabilitation and reconstruction. In Nepal, Department of Roads (DoR) is responsible for maintenance of strategic roads of country. The maintenance practice of the road under Department of Road is predominantly based on Strengthen Maintenance Division Process where several maintenance activities like Routine maintenance, Recurrent Maintenance, Periodic Maintenance and Emergency Maintenance are planned and carried out. The maintenance work is based on traditional quantity and unit price based short term maintenance contracts, where maintenance of physical works is outsourced. Client demands the contractor what work is to be done, when to be do it and the extent of the work. The contractor is paid on the basis of a defined output or quantity accomplished, and the schedule of the rates. DoR engineers required full time supervision of work. Pilot based performance based maintenance practice of road started in Nepal in 2003. The study assesses performance road maintenance practices of road maintenance in Nepal on the basis of the framework of cost efficiency, level of service effectiveness and quality of service. The study concluded that implementation of Performance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) was not successful in Nepal as Road Asset condition was not maintained to performance standard. One of the reasons is the weak service delivery of contractor alongside weak contract enforcement from the road agency.展开更多
This paper introduces novel explicit models to predict the frictional resistance of open and closed-ended pipe piles subjected to seismic loading.This research employs genetic programming(GP)and multiobjective genetic...This paper introduces novel explicit models to predict the frictional resistance of open and closed-ended pipe piles subjected to seismic loading.This research employs genetic programming(GP)and multiobjective genetic algorithm-based evolutionary polynomial regression(EPR-MOGA)to develop closed-form expressions for estimating pile frictional resistance,utilizing widely used input parameters for enhanced practicality and applicability in engineering practice.The proposed models are developed using only three input variables:the corrected standard penetration test(SPT)blow count(N1)60,the pile slenderness ratio(L/D),and the peak ground acceleration(PGA).This deliberate reduction in input complexity significantly enhances the models’applicability across a wide range of geotechnical scenarios and industries.The accuracy of the developed models was assessed via the coefficient of determination(R2),root mean squared error(RMSE),and mean absolute error(MAE).In the case of the GP model,the evaluation metrics for the testing set for open-ended piles(R2,RMSE,and MAE values)are 0.89,0.43,and 0.35,respectively,whereas the corresponding values for closed-ended piles are 0.93,0.38,and 0.3,respectively.On the other hand,the EPR-MOGA approach achieves similarly encouraging results,with performance metrics of 0.92,0.37,and 0.29 for open-ended piles and 0.91,0.39,and 0.30 for closed-ended piles.展开更多
The ability of a pavement structure in carrying out its function reduces in line with the increase of traffic load, especially if there are overloaded heavy vehicle passing through the road. This study was done to kno...The ability of a pavement structure in carrying out its function reduces in line with the increase of traffic load, especially if there are overloaded heavy vehicle passing through the road. This study was done to know the effect of overloading vehicles on the road pavement and remaining service life of the pavement. In this study, the service life of pavement due to overloaded vehicles was analyzed using the AASHTO 1993. In Narayanghat-Mugling road the composition of traffic seems to be 83.76% heavy vehicles, 9.18% medium vehicle and 7.05% light vehicle. For the direction of Narayanghat-Mugling, the pavement service life might be reduced by 59.90% due to overloading condition, while for the opposite direction, the service life would not reduced caused by the same factor. The impact of overload conditions on the road pavement showed premature failure;that is, a condition which the damage reduced the life of roads before the design life of the road is reached. From the results, it can be concluded that overloaded vehicles on the road are very influential to the reduction in pavement service life. Therefore, it is expected that road users to comply with existing regulations in the conduct of transportation. As overloading is increasing, it has to be controlled by rules and regulations with penalty to control the overloading. So fines must be associated with intensified enforcement when considered in further strategy. Regular monitoring, inspection and enforcement are the effective ways to control overloading. Use of technology (Automatic overloading information system) may be the effective way to control the overloading.展开更多
In this paper, author’s first part of research of GFRP bridge deck (using ASSET fiber line composite modular system) took part at AGH University of Science and Technology Laboratory of Glass Technology and Amorphous ...In this paper, author’s first part of research of GFRP bridge deck (using ASSET fiber line composite modular system) took part at AGH University of Science and Technology Laboratory of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings Department. The analysis consisted spectrometer analysis of chemical constitution of glass fiber, identification of material according to Fourier spectroscopy, electronic scan microscopy (SEM/EDAX) and DTA analysis. The modal FEM analysis of chosen footbridge with light GFRP deck has been presented in the paper.展开更多
文摘Ensuring the reliability of pipe pile designs under earthquake loading necessitates an accurate determination of lateral displacement and bending moment,typically achieved through complex numerical modeling to address the intricacies of soil-pile interaction.Despite recent advancements in machine learning techniques,there is a persistent need to establish data-driven models that can predict these parameters without using numerical simulations due to the difficulties in conducting correct numerical simulations and the need for constitutive modelling parameters that are not readily available.This research presents novel lateral displacement and bending moment predictive models for closed and open-ended pipe piles,employing a Genetic Programming(GP)approach.Utilizing a soil dataset extracted from existing literature,comprising 392 data points for both pile types embedded in cohesionless soil and subjected to earthquake loading,the study intentionally limited input parameters to three features to enhance model simplicity:Standard Penetration Test(SPT)corrected blow count(N60),Peak Ground Acceleration(PGA),and pile slenderness ratio(L/D).Model performance was assessed via coefficient of determination(R^(2)),Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE),and Mean Absolute Error(MAE),with R^(2) values ranging from 0.95 to 0.99 for the training set,and from 0.92 to 0.98 for the testing set,which indicate of high accuracy of prediction.Finally,the study concludes with a sensitivity analysis,evaluating the influence of each input parameter across different pile types.
文摘Road traffic accidents are the outcome of the factors associated with the traffic system namely road users, road environment and vehicles. Despite good road surface, the Kathmandu-Bhaktapur road has high accident records. The traffic police record shows that 1530 accidents have occurred from July 2009 to June 2012. The area of study of this research is the Kathmandu-Bhaktapur road which starts at Tinkune Kathmandu and ends at Suryabinayak with a length of 9.1 kilometer, a section of Araniko highway heading towards China. The road is the first ever six lane road constructed in Nepal. The objectives of this research work are to identify locations with high accident numbers, to investigate possible causes of accidents, and to propose countermeasures for traffic safety along the Kathmandu-Bhaktapur road.
基金financially supported by Office of the Permanent Secretary,Ministry of Higher Education,Science,Research and Innovation under Research Grant for New Scholar(RGNS 65-112).
文摘In this investigation,the bearing capacity solution of a strip footing in anisotropic clay under inclined and eccentric load is analyzed using the numerical simulation model.The lower and upper bound finite element limit analysis(FELA)approaches are utilized to establish precise modeling and derive the numerical outcomes of a strip footing’s bearing capacity.All analyses use effective automated adaptive meshes with three iteration stages to enhance the accuracy of the outcomes.The parametric analysis is performed to examine the influence of four dimensionless parameters which are taken into account in this study,namely the anisotropic strength ratio,the dimensionless eccentricity,the load inclination angle,and the adhesion factor to the bearing capacity factor.Furthermore,a new model has been proposed to predict the bearing capacity factor for the calculation of the undrained bearing capacity for footings resting on an anisotropic clay using an advanced data-driven method(MOGA-EPR).The new model takes into account the anisotropy,eccentricity,and inclination of the applied load and could be used with confidence in routine designs of shallow foundations in undrained conditions with the consideration of the anisotropic strengths of clays.
文摘Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them maintenance is essential. The delay of maintenance works can lead the road in the stage of expensive rehabilitation and reconstruction. In Nepal, Department of Roads (DoR) is responsible for maintenance of strategic roads of country. The maintenance practice of the road under Department of Road is predominantly based on Strengthen Maintenance Division Process where several maintenance activities like Routine maintenance, Recurrent Maintenance, Periodic Maintenance and Emergency Maintenance are planned and carried out. The maintenance work is based on traditional quantity and unit price based short term maintenance contracts, where maintenance of physical works is outsourced. Client demands the contractor what work is to be done, when to be do it and the extent of the work. The contractor is paid on the basis of a defined output or quantity accomplished, and the schedule of the rates. DoR engineers required full time supervision of work. Pilot based performance based maintenance practice of road started in Nepal in 2003. The study assesses performance road maintenance practices of road maintenance in Nepal on the basis of the framework of cost efficiency, level of service effectiveness and quality of service. The study concluded that implementation of Performance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) was not successful in Nepal as Road Asset condition was not maintained to performance standard. One of the reasons is the weak service delivery of contractor alongside weak contract enforcement from the road agency.
文摘This paper introduces novel explicit models to predict the frictional resistance of open and closed-ended pipe piles subjected to seismic loading.This research employs genetic programming(GP)and multiobjective genetic algorithm-based evolutionary polynomial regression(EPR-MOGA)to develop closed-form expressions for estimating pile frictional resistance,utilizing widely used input parameters for enhanced practicality and applicability in engineering practice.The proposed models are developed using only three input variables:the corrected standard penetration test(SPT)blow count(N1)60,the pile slenderness ratio(L/D),and the peak ground acceleration(PGA).This deliberate reduction in input complexity significantly enhances the models’applicability across a wide range of geotechnical scenarios and industries.The accuracy of the developed models was assessed via the coefficient of determination(R2),root mean squared error(RMSE),and mean absolute error(MAE).In the case of the GP model,the evaluation metrics for the testing set for open-ended piles(R2,RMSE,and MAE values)are 0.89,0.43,and 0.35,respectively,whereas the corresponding values for closed-ended piles are 0.93,0.38,and 0.3,respectively.On the other hand,the EPR-MOGA approach achieves similarly encouraging results,with performance metrics of 0.92,0.37,and 0.29 for open-ended piles and 0.91,0.39,and 0.30 for closed-ended piles.
文摘The ability of a pavement structure in carrying out its function reduces in line with the increase of traffic load, especially if there are overloaded heavy vehicle passing through the road. This study was done to know the effect of overloading vehicles on the road pavement and remaining service life of the pavement. In this study, the service life of pavement due to overloaded vehicles was analyzed using the AASHTO 1993. In Narayanghat-Mugling road the composition of traffic seems to be 83.76% heavy vehicles, 9.18% medium vehicle and 7.05% light vehicle. For the direction of Narayanghat-Mugling, the pavement service life might be reduced by 59.90% due to overloading condition, while for the opposite direction, the service life would not reduced caused by the same factor. The impact of overload conditions on the road pavement showed premature failure;that is, a condition which the damage reduced the life of roads before the design life of the road is reached. From the results, it can be concluded that overloaded vehicles on the road are very influential to the reduction in pavement service life. Therefore, it is expected that road users to comply with existing regulations in the conduct of transportation. As overloading is increasing, it has to be controlled by rules and regulations with penalty to control the overloading. So fines must be associated with intensified enforcement when considered in further strategy. Regular monitoring, inspection and enforcement are the effective ways to control overloading. Use of technology (Automatic overloading information system) may be the effective way to control the overloading.
文摘In this paper, author’s first part of research of GFRP bridge deck (using ASSET fiber line composite modular system) took part at AGH University of Science and Technology Laboratory of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings Department. The analysis consisted spectrometer analysis of chemical constitution of glass fiber, identification of material according to Fourier spectroscopy, electronic scan microscopy (SEM/EDAX) and DTA analysis. The modal FEM analysis of chosen footbridge with light GFRP deck has been presented in the paper.
