In this article, we have addressed the recent published article by Wang et al whichexamines risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) and evaluatesthe effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in th...In this article, we have addressed the recent published article by Wang et al whichexamines risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) and evaluatesthe effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in their prevention. Wang et al identifiedseveral significant risk factors of SSIs, including age ≥ 60 years, diabetesmellitus, and surgical complications such as insufficient cystic duct stump closure,gallbladder perforation, empyema, and postoperative hematoma. Their findingssuggest that prophylactic antibiotics can serve as a protective factor against SSIs.However, other reported risk factors and preventive strategies warrant considerationto further reduce the incidence of SSIs, lower healthcare costs, and enhancepatient outcomes. Additionally, the judicious use of prophylactic antibioticsis crucial in light of the growing global challenge of antibiotic resistance caused bythe misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Effective management strategies forprophylactic antibiotic use should be prioritized to balance infection control withthe need to combat antimicrobial resistance.展开更多
Background: Resveratrol is a widely recognized anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent,and it has been suggested to possess anti-tumor effects. But the effect of resveratrol onhepatocellular carcinoma and its molecula...Background: Resveratrol is a widely recognized anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent,and it has been suggested to possess anti-tumor effects. But the effect of resveratrol onhepatocellular carcinoma and its molecular mechanisms are unknown. This study confirmedthe effects of resveratrol on HepG2 cell proliferation and migration, and the underlyingmechanism. Methods: Viability of resveratrol (0-200 μmol/L)-treated HepG2 cells wasdetected by CCK-8. Wound healing assay was employed to evaluate cell migration. Theexpression levels of proteins including Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase3, SIRT1, and components of theMAPK pathway were analyzed via Western blot. Results: Resveratrol significantly inhibitedthe migration and proliferation of HepG2 cells at concentrations above 100 μmol/L(P<0.01). The expression of Bax, cleaved Caspase3 and SIRT1 was up-regulate (P<0.05)and Bcl-2, p-JNK、p-p38 MAPK was down-regulate (P<0.05) by resveratrol. Conclusion:Resveratrol suppresses the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells by activating theSIRT1 signaling pathway and inhibiting the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.展开更多
Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the level of methotrexate(MTX)toxicity in the intestines of mice and to evaluate the protective effect of probiotics composed of Streptococcus,Bifidobacterium,and...Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the level of methotrexate(MTX)toxicity in the intestines of mice and to evaluate the protective effect of probiotics composed of Streptococcus,Bifidobacterium,and Lactobacillus species on intestinal cells during MTX treatment.Methods:Mice were divided into three groups:control,MTX group(received MTX injections),and MTX+probiotics group(received MTX injections along with a diet containing probiotics).Morphological and histological changes,the level of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)damage,the level of lipid peroxidation products,and gene expression in the mice’s small intestine were assessed.Results:We demonstrated that intraperitoneal MTX injections significantly increased mtDNA damage in the liver(p<0.001),small intestine(p<0.001),and blood of mice(p<0.01).MTX elevated the quantity of lipid peroxidation products in the liver and small intestine,indicating its strong prooxidative properties.MTX induced structural changes in the mice’s intestines,characterized by leukocytic infiltration of tissues.Probiotic therapy in mice partially mitigated the morphological and histological changes in the small intestine induced by MTX,reduced oxidative stress,and promoted increased expression of quinone oxidoreductase 1(Nqo1),which participates in both cell protection against oxidative stress and drug/xenobiotic detoxification.Probiotics prevented the upregulation of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1b in the small intestine and induced increased expression of genes associated with the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Antioxidant response element(Nrf2/ARE)pathway,an important mechanism of cell protection.Conclusions:Probiotics can be considered an effective approach to reducing the toxicity of MTX during psoriasis or cancer treatment.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy(ESWT)combined with sodium hyaluronate(HA)for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS:PubM ed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of...OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy(ESWT)combined with sodium hyaluronate(HA)for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS:PubM ed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,and SinoMed were searched from inception to July 2020.The quality of the randomized controlled trials was evaluated independently by two reviewers according to the criteria in the Cochrane Collaboration for Systematic Reviews.The identified articles were then screened individually using EndnoteX9 for eligibility in this Meta-analysis.The heterogeneity among the articles was evaluated using I2.RESULTS:A total of 17 studies,comprising 2000 individuals,were included in this Meta-analysis.The results showed that a significant improvement was observed in knee pain and function based on the clinical efficacy of ESWT combined with HA.Statistical analysis of clinical efficacy showed that[relative risk(RR)=1.21,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.12,1.30),P<0.01].Statistical analysis of visual analog scale showed that[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-2.84,95%CI(-4.01,-1.66),P<0.01].Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index statistical analysis showed that[SMD=-1.57,95%CI(-2.52,-0.61),P<0.01].Lysholm score statistical analysis showed that[SMD=1.71,95%CI(0.98,2.44),P<0.01].In addition,only minor side effects,such as redness and swelling of the skin,were observed.CONCLUSIONS:Medium to low quality evidence showed that ESWT combined with HA offers an inexpensive,welltolerated,safe,and effective method to improve pain and functionality in patients with KOA.However,tightly controlled,randomized,large multicenter trials are warranted to validate the current findings.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between smoking and drinking and constitution types from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)theory.METHODS:The Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ)was used.A sam...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between smoking and drinking and constitution types from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)theory.METHODS:The Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ)was used.A sample of 8448subjects from nine provinces and municipalities was chosen from the database of the TCM constitution and health status survey.Constituent ratio and correspondence analysis were used to find the relationship between smoking and drinking and TCM constitution.RESULTS:There was an association between smokinganddrinkingandtheGentleness,phlegm-dampness,and dampness-heat type constitutions.People that did not smoke tobacco or drink alcohol tended to have Yang-deficiency,Yin-deficiency,Qi-depression,Qi-deficiency,special diathesis,orblood-stasis type constitutions.CONCLUSION:There was a significant correlation between tobacco and alcohol use and TCM constitutions.To improve patient health,more attention should be paid to tobacco and alcohol control.展开更多
Objective Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common cause of clinical liver dysfunction and an important prepathological change of liver cirrhosis.Central obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and met...Objective Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common cause of clinical liver dysfunction and an important prepathological change of liver cirrhosis.Central obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and metabolic syndrome are the major risk factors for NAFLD.Sitagliptin(Sig)is a novel hypoglycemic agent that improves blood glucose levels by increasing the level of active incretin.Sig has been shown to prevent the development of fatty livers in mice on a fructose-rich diet.The purpose of this study was to observe the efficacy of Sig on NAFLD in type 2 diabetic mice.Methods The diet-induced obesity mouse model was established,and the diabetic mice were screened by an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance trial.The mice were randomly divided into four groups for 8 weeks of intervention:high-fat diet(HFD)group,Sig group,metformin(Met)group,and Sig+Met group.After the intervention,the liver function indexes as well as the blood glucose and blood lipid levels of the mice were measured.In addition,the wet weight of the liver was measured;the pathological sections of the liver tissues were stained to observe the hepatocyte fatty degeneration,inflammation,necrosis,and fibrosis;and the hepatic histological injury was recorded as the NAFLD activity score(NAS).Results Compared with the normal control group,the body weight,liver weight,blood glucose level,insulin resistance(IR),blood lipid level,and transaminase level of the mice in the HFD group were significantly increased,showing typical metabolic syndrome.After treatment with Sig and/or Met,the mice gained less weight,had lower levels of blood glucose,triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and transaminase,and had improved IR compared with the HFD group.The liver pathological NASs in the Sig group(P=0.01),Met group(P=0.028),and Sig+Met group(P<0.001)were lower than those in the HFD group(P<0.05),suggesting that the use of the two drugs alone or in combination can improve the state of liver inflammation.In terms of fibrosis,there was no fibrosis in the control group but there was significant fibrosis in the HFD group(P<0.001).There was no significant difference between the drug intervention groups and the HFD group,indicating that the drug therapy(Sig and/or Met)did not significantly improve the pre-existing fibrosis.Conclusion Our experiment proved that Sig can improve NAFLD,including improvement of the serum transaminase level,hepatic pathological inflammation level,and hepatocyte adiposis,suggesting that Sig may play a role by improving glucose and lipid metabolism,reducing the body weight and liver weight,improving insulin sensitivity,and inhibiting fatty liver inflammation.Sig may be a new direction for the treatment of patients with a nonalcoholic fatty liver and diabetes,delaying the progression of NAFLD.展开更多
Green tea is a popular product with a high consumption in Vietnam. Moreover, green tea produced in Tan Cuong commune, Thai Nguyen province, has long been recognized for its superior quality to those coming from other ...Green tea is a popular product with a high consumption in Vietnam. Moreover, green tea produced in Tan Cuong commune, Thai Nguyen province, has long been recognized for its superior quality to those coming from other regions of the country. This study aims at comparing the tea from Thai Nguyen and Phu Tho and finding out if the difference can be identified through sensory analysis. Two products picked from Tan Cuong, Thai Nguyen province, and two others from Phu Ho district, Phu Tho province were evaluated by a trained panel of 12 judges （11 women and 1 man）. The sensory evaluation of the dry tea （11 descriptors） was carried out separately from the brewed tea （21 descriptors） and brewed leaf （five descriptors） using an unstructured intensity scale （10 cm）. Statistic analyses have shown differences between regions in all three groups of attributes： dry leaf, liquor and brewed leaf.展开更多
Objective:To study the effects of Danshen Chuanxiongqin therapy on TXA2/PGI2, bone metabolism and stress levels after proximal femoral fracture surgery.Methods:A total of 80 patients with proximal femoral fractures wh...Objective:To study the effects of Danshen Chuanxiongqin therapy on TXA2/PGI2, bone metabolism and stress levels after proximal femoral fracture surgery.Methods:A total of 80 patients with proximal femoral fractures who received open reduction and internal fixation treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University between January 2015 and December 2016 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the experimental group who received postoperative adjuvant Danshen Chuanxiongqin therapy and the control group who received postoperative conventional therapy. The levels of TXA2/PGI2 balance-related indicators, bone metabolism indicators and stress hormones in serum as well as the expression levels of stress molecules in peripheral blood were measured before surgery and 3 d after surgery.Results:Compared with those of same group before surgery, serum 6-keto-PGF1α, t-PA, PICP, BALP and OCN levels of both groups of patients were significantly lower whereas serum TXB2, PAI-1, D-D,β-CTX, RANKL, NE, COR and ANG-Ⅱ levels as well as peripheral blood NF-κB and HSP70 expression were significantly higher after surgery, and serum 6-keto-PGF1α, t-PA, PICP, BALP and OCN levels of experimental group after surgery were higher than those of control group whereas serum TXB2, PAI-1, D-D,β-CTX, RANKL, NE, COR and ANG-Ⅱ levels as well as peripheral blood NF-κB and HSP70 expression were lower than those of control group.Conclusion:Danshen Chuanxiongqin therapy after proximal femoral fracture surgery can adjust the TXA2/PGI2 balance, improve the bone metabolism and reduce the stress level.展开更多
Intestinal transplantation(ITx)has emerged as a pivotal life-saving intervention for patients with irreversible intestinal failure unresponsive to conventional medical and nutritional therapies.Despite its growing cli...Intestinal transplantation(ITx)has emerged as a pivotal life-saving intervention for patients with irreversible intestinal failure unresponsive to conventional medical and nutritional therapies.Despite its growing clinical acceptance,ITx remains among the most immunologically complex and technically demanding procedures in the field of solid organ transplantation.This review comprehensively summarizes the historical evolution,clinical indications,and advancements in surgical techniques,with emphasis on innovations in vascular anastomosis,multivisceral transplantation,and ex vivo preservation.Special attention is given to the unique immunological challenges of ITx,including bidirectional immune responses-host-vs-graft and graft-vs-host disease-immune-microbiota interactions,and the distinct roles of key immune cells.Pediatric and adult recipients exhibit divergent etiologies,immune responses,and complication profiles,necessitating individualized approaches.Although novel immunotherapeutic strategies and bioengineering innovations have improved short-term outcomes,chronic rejection,graft dysfunction,and immunosuppressive toxicity remain significant barriers.Looking ahead,future directions should prioritize precision immunomodulation,microbiome-targeted therapies,and integrated platforms for gene editing,3D bioprinting,and immune monitoring.Through multidisciplinary collaboration and translational research,ITx is poised to evolve from a high-risk salvage therapy into a personalized,sustainable solution that enhances long-term survival and patient quality of life.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease with rising global incidence.Current therapies for UC often provide incomplete relief and are associated with adverse side effects,hig...BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease with rising global incidence.Current therapies for UC often provide incomplete relief and are associated with adverse side effects,highlighting the need for alternatives with increased safety and effectiveness.Compound spleen-tonifying composition(CSTC)contains ingredients,such as Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge)Regel and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch,that have been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of UC.Its mechanism needs to be investigated further.AIM To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of CSTC in dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC in rats.METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were freely given 4%DSS solution for seven days to establish the UC model.After intervention with CSTC and its different solvent extracts,body weight changes,the disease activity index(DAI),and colon histopathology were assessed to evaluate therapeutic outcomes.The contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),myeloperoxidase(MPO),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-px),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in colon tissue were determined to investigate changes in biochemical indicators.RESULTS DSS administration triggered severe UC symptoms,including weight loss,colon shortening,elevated DAI scores,and histological damage.These symptoms were accompanied with oxidative stress(reduced SOD and GSH-px levels and increased MDA and MPO levels),inflammation(elevated TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels),and a reduction in the expression levels of tight junction proteins[zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occluding].High-and mediumdose CSTC treatment significantly alleviated clinical symptoms,restored colon morphology,normalized oxidative stress markers,suppressed proinflammatory cytokines,and enhanced ZO-1 and occludin levels,demonstrating dose-dependent efficacy.Notably,solvent extraction critically influenced bioactivity:Nonpolar extracts(chloroform and petroleum ether)showed minimal effects,whereas polar extracts(ethyl acetate and n-butanol)remarkably improved clinical symptoms.CONCLUSION The above findings highlight CSTC’s multifaceted anti-UC effects,which are mediated through oxidative stress mitigation and cytokine modulation,while emphasizing the polarity-dependent efficacy of its extracts.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationships between different lifestyle-behavioral factors and phlegm wetness type of Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution,so as to provide health management strategies for phlegm-wetn...OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationships between different lifestyle-behavioral factors and phlegm wetness type of Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution,so as to provide health management strategies for phlegm-wetness constitution.METHODS: A case-control study was conducted with the cases selected from the database of Chinese constitution survey in 9 provinces or municipalities of China. 1380 cases met the diagnostic criteria of phlegm-wetness type were taken as the case group, and 1380 cases were randomly selected from gentleness type as the control group. Using Chi-square test to compare the differences of lifestyle-behavior composition in each group; single factor and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to compare the relationships of life-style-behavioral factors and phlegm-wetness type.RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between phlegm-wetness type group and gentleness type group in lifestyle behaviors(dietary habits, tobacco and liquor consumptions, exercise habits, sleeping habits). The results of single factor logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of phlegm-wetness constitution decreased significantly in light diet(odds ratio, OR=0.68);The risk factors of phlegm-wetness type were fatty food intake(OR=2.36), sleeping early and getting up late(OR=1.87), tobacco smoking(OR=1.83),barbecued food intake(OR=1.68), alcohol drinking(OR=1.63), salty food intake(OR=1.44), sleeping erratically(OR=1.43), less physical activities(OR=1.42), sweet food intake(OR=1.29), sleeping and getting up late(OR=1.26), and pungent food intake(OR=1.21), respectively. Regardless of the interaction among lifestyle-behavioral factors, the results of the multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of phlegm-wetness type were sleeping early and getting up late(OR=1.94), fatty food intake(OR=1.80), tobacco smoking(OR=1.50),sleeping erratically(OR=1.50), barbecued food intake(OR=1.40), sleeping and getting up late(OR=1.40), less physical activities(OR=1.31), sleeping late and getting up early(OR=1.27),and sweet food intake(OR=1.27), respectively, and the risk ofphlegm-wetness type still decreased significantly inlightfoodintake(OR=0.79).CONCLUSION: Light diet can decrease the risk of being phlegm-wetness constitution, and bad lifestyle behaviors such as sleeping early and getting up late, sleeping erratically, fatty food, barbecued food or sweet food intake, tobacco and liquor consumptions, and less physical activities can increase the risks of becoming phlegm-wetness constitution.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the functional networks underlying the brain-activity changes of patients with high myopia using the voxel-wise degree centrality（DC） method.METHODS： In total, 38 patients with high myopia（HM...AIM： To investigate the functional networks underlying the brain-activity changes of patients with high myopia using the voxel-wise degree centrality（DC） method.METHODS： In total, 38 patients with high myopia（HM）（17 males and 21 females）, whose binocular refractive diopter were-6.00 to-7.00 D, and 38 healthy controls（17 males and 21 females）, closely matched in age, sex, and education levels, participated in the study. Spontaneous brain activities were evaluated using the voxel-wise DC method. The receiver operating characteristic curve was measured to distinguish patients with HM from healthy controls. Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the observed mean DC values of the different brain areas and the behavioral performance.RESULTS： Compared with healthy controls, HM patients had significantly decreased DC values in the right inferior frontal gyrus/insula, right middle frontal gyrus, and right supramarginal/inferior parietal lobule（P〈0.05）. In contrast, HM patients had significantly increased DC values in the right cerebellum posterior lobe, left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus, and right middle cingulate gyrus（P〈0.05）. However, no relationship was found between the observed mean DC values of the different brain areas and the behavioral performance（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION： HM is associated with abnormalities in many brain regions, which may indicate the neural mechanisms of HM. The altered DC values may be used as a useful biomarker for the brain activity changes in HM patients.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is spreading at an alarming rate,and it has created an unprecedented health emergency threatening ten...The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is spreading at an alarming rate,and it has created an unprecedented health emergency threatening tens of millions of people worldwide.Previous studies have indicated that SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid could be detected in the feces of patients even after smearnegative respiratory samples.However,demonstration of confirmed fecal-oral transmission has been difficult.Clinical studies have shown an incidence rate of gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms ranging from 2%to 79.1%in patients with COVID-19.They may precede or accompany respiratory symptoms.The most common GI symptoms included nausea,diarrhea,and abdominal pain.In addition,some patients also had liver injury,pancreatic damage,and even acute mesenteric ischemia/thrombosis.Although the incidence rates reported in different centers were quite different,the digestive system was the clinical component of the COVID-19 section.Studies have shown that angiotensinconverting enzyme 2,the receptor of SARS-CoV-2,was not only expressed in the lungs,but also in the upper esophagus,small intestine,liver,and colon.The possible mechanism of GI symptoms in COVID-19 patients may include direct viral invasion into target cells,dysregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2,immune-mediated tissue injury,and gut dysbiosis caused by microbiota.Additionally,numerous experiences,guidelines,recommendations,and position statements were published or released by different organizations and societies worldwide to optimize the management practice of outpatients,inpatients,and endoscopy in the era of COVID-19.In this review,based on our previous work and relevant literature,we mainly discuss potential fecal-oral transmission,GI manifestations,abdominal imaging findings,relevant pathophysiological mechanisms,and infection control and prevention measures in the time of COVID-19.展开更多
Objective:To explore the double psychosocial threats of the COVID-19 pandemic,targeted behavior toward Chinese Americans,and the correlates to their mental health.Methods:A quantitative,cross-sectional,and descriptive...Objective:To explore the double psychosocial threats of the COVID-19 pandemic,targeted behavior toward Chinese Americans,and the correlates to their mental health.Methods:A quantitative,cross-sectional,and descriptive design was utilized by using a purposive convenience sample of 301 Chinese Americans over the age of 18 residing in the United States.Online data collection was conducted through the social media platform WeChat from April 8–21,2021.Descriptive statistical analysis was used for the participants’demographic charac-teristics,Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS),Double Threat Situations,COVID-19 Racial Discrimination,and General Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7).Stepwise logistic regression was conducted to verify predictors for anxiety levels by GAD-7.Results:In this sample(N=301),127(42.19%)were male and 174(57.81%)were female.The average age was 41.67(SD=5.89).Among MSPSS subscales,social support from family(MSPSS-Fam,79.73%,n=240)and social support from significant others(MSPSS-SO,73.75%,n=222)were high.231(76.74%)reported threats due to their Chinese ethnic background during the COVID-19 outbreak.Predictors for the high anxiety level by GAD-7 were COVID-19 racial discrimination from the local community(OR=0.47,95%CI=0.39–0.71,p<0.001),media/online(OR=0.36,95%CI=0.26–0.53,p<0.001),the perceived threat from the COVID-19 virus(OR=0.33,95%CI=0.23–0.51,p<0.001)and Perceived racism threat from Chinese back-ground related to COVID-19(OR=0.31,95%CI=0.21–0.49,p<0.001).Conclusions:COVID-19 double-threats(The virus and racial discrimination)situations are significantly related to the high level of anxiety among Chinese Americans.The sense of belonging and social perceptions of Chinese immigrants is closely related to public health problems in Western societies and needs to be addressed at all levels.Ourfindings call for the attention of health-care workers to specific racism double-threatened situations and high mental health risks,as well as direct and indirect ethnic discrimination that Chinese Americans are experiencing during this pandemic,the long-term influ-ences and effective coping ways related to this issue should be explored in further research.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)self-testing serves as a crucial strategy for overcoming testing barriers,with urine-based self-testing emerging as a potential novel app...Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)self-testing serves as a crucial strategy for overcoming testing barriers,with urine-based self-testing emerging as a potential novel approach.What is added by this report?In a real-world setting,this study demonstrated that the urine rapid test exhibited lower diagnostic accuracy compared to the blood rapid test.Study participants expressed stronger preferences for HIV self-testing methods utilizing finger prick samples,accompanied by standard written instructions and lower costs.展开更多
Recently,a paper published in Science by Hadjadj et al.reported that type I interferon(IFN)deficiency,could be a hallmark of severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronav...Recently,a paper published in Science by Hadjadj et al.reported that type I interferon(IFN)deficiency,could be a hallmark of severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Severe COVID-19 was also associated with a lymphocytopenia,persistent blood viral load,and an exacerbated inflammatory response(Fig.1).These findings provide insights into the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with type I IFN.展开更多
Natural fractures serve as the primary storage spaces and flow pathways in deep to ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs,directly influencing hydrocarbon accumulation,preservation,and production.Borehole images offer ...Natural fractures serve as the primary storage spaces and flow pathways in deep to ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs,directly influencing hydrocarbon accumulation,preservation,and production.Borehole images offer intuitive,continuous,and high-resolution identification of natural fractures along the entire borehole.However,relying solely on complete sinusoidal curves from borehole images for fracture identification may lead to omissions,as it overlooks cases where these curves are incomplete or truncated.To address the problems and deficiencies in fracture identification,this study systematically classifies borehole image feature patterns based on core-to-log spatial position restoring.A bidirectional comparison is conducted between natu ral fractures in cores and the fracture image features in borehole images.A quantitative relationship between fracture dip angle,thin layer thickness and borehole radius was established,accompanied by a mathematical expression describing the fracture curve morphology was proposed.These findings enabled the development of an imaging response pattern for natural fractures in deep and ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs,incorporating key parameters such as dip angle,through-layer connectivity,and spatial position within the borehole.In the Bashijiqike-Baxigai tight-sandstone reservoirs of the Bozi-Dabei area,we estimate that approximately 24%of coreobserved fractures display distinct linear-pattern features on borehole images,whereas approximately 91%of borehole images features can be correlated with fractures observed in core.Fracture identification rates for natural fractures increased by 17%in water-based mud and by 3%in oil-based mud through the application of the natural fracture image response pattern.Moreover,this study analyzes the deviations in the matching between core fractures and image features.Finally,we further discuss the common sources of error in natural fracture identification using borehole images from multiple perspectives,including missing core responses,inconsistencies between core and borehole image features,distortion of fracture chord curve,inaccurate fracture count,misclassification of fractures,and variations in interpretation under different mud systems.The research addresses the blind spots of traditional methods in fracture identification within thin layers,not only enhancing the detection rate of natural fractu res but also further improving the accuracy of fractu re recognitio n.At the same time,it will contribute to the optimization of fracture characterization,reservoir evaluation,and production forecasting,providing a more reliable data foundation for exploration and development under complex geological conditions.展开更多
Secondary water supply systems(SWSSs)are pivotal in urban water management.Municipal water entering SWSS storage tank undergoes hydraulic stagnation before being distributed to end users.This stagnation provides a sta...Secondary water supply systems(SWSSs)are pivotal in urban water management.Municipal water entering SWSS storage tank undergoes hydraulic stagnation before being distributed to end users.This stagnation provides a stable microenvironment,facilitating a series of chemical reactions,particularly chlorine disinfectant decay resulting in favorable conditions for microbial proliferation.Elevated microbial loads within SWSSs directly compromise the microbiological safety of residential drinking water.In this review,we compile the findings from our studies and existing literature and systematically evaluate the latent microbial hazards in SWSSs serving both urban residential neighborhoods and self-built houses.SWSSs function as persistent reservoirs for pathogenic microbiota.We propose Legionella spp.as targeted supplementary microbiological indicators for routine waterquality monitoring in SWSSs.To mitigate the risks,we advocate implementing three-tiered interventions:1)an optimized building layout and operation mode,2)engineered secondary disinfection strategies,and 3)enhanced regulatory oversight through smart monitoring frameworks.In summary,we characterize the microbial contamination mechanisms in urban SWSSs and establish a vital scientific basis for advancing operational management and safety assurance.展开更多
Objective To explore the causes of delayed medical record archiving in a certain hospital and propose corresponding improvement measures to support hospital accreditation.Methods Discharged medical records from May 20...Objective To explore the causes of delayed medical record archiving in a certain hospital and propose corresponding improvement measures to support hospital accreditation.Methods Discharged medical records from May 2023 to April 2024 in the hospital were selected as the control group,and those from May 2024 to April 2025 as the observation group.Administrative functional departments were organized to analyze the 2-day archiving status of medical records in the control group and propose scientific and reasonable improvement strategies.Results The 2-day archiving rate of the observation group was 1.6%higher than that of the control group.The archiving status of surgical medical records was relatively poor.Conclusion Guided by hospital accreditation indicators,Multi-Disciplinary Team(MDT)collaboration among administrative departments can improve the 2-day archiving rate.展开更多
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection continues to be a major threat to global public health,and new safe and efficacious vaccines are needed for prevention of infections caused by P.aeruginosa.X-ray irradiation has been u...Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection continues to be a major threat to global public health,and new safe and efficacious vaccines are needed for prevention of infections caused by P.aeruginosa.X-ray irradiation has been used to prepare whole-cell inactivated vaccines against P.aeruginosa infection.However,the immunological mechanisms of X-ray-inactivated vaccines are still unclear and require further investigation.Our previous study found that an X-ray-inactivated whole-cell vaccine could provide protection against P.aeruginosa by boosting T cells.The aim of the present study was to further explore the immunological mechanisms of the vaccine.Herein,P.aeruginosa PAO1,a widely used laboratory strain,was utilized to prepare the vaccine,and we found nucleic acids and 8-hydroxyguanosine in the supernatant of X-ray-inactivated PAO1(XPa).By detecting CD86,CD80,and MHCII expression,we found that XPa fostered dentritic cell(DC)maturation by detecting.XPa stimulated the cGAS-STING pathway as well as Toll-like receptors in DCs in vitro,and DC finally underwent apoptosis and pyroptosis after XPa stimulation.In addition,DC stimulated by XPa induced CD8+T-cell proliferation in vitro and generated immunologic memory in vivo.Moreover,XPa vaccination induced both Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses in mice and reduced the level of inflammatory factors during infection.XPa protected mice in pneumonia models from infection with PAO1 or multidrug-resistant clinical isolate W9.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)mice immunized with XPa could resist PAO1 infection.Therefore,a new mechanism of an X-ray-inactivated whole-cell vaccine against P.aeruginosa infection was discovered in this study.展开更多
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission of Changning District,No.20234Y038Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China,No.C2022023.
文摘In this article, we have addressed the recent published article by Wang et al whichexamines risk factors associated with surgical site infections (SSIs) and evaluatesthe effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in their prevention. Wang et al identifiedseveral significant risk factors of SSIs, including age ≥ 60 years, diabetesmellitus, and surgical complications such as insufficient cystic duct stump closure,gallbladder perforation, empyema, and postoperative hematoma. Their findingssuggest that prophylactic antibiotics can serve as a protective factor against SSIs.However, other reported risk factors and preventive strategies warrant considerationto further reduce the incidence of SSIs, lower healthcare costs, and enhancepatient outcomes. Additionally, the judicious use of prophylactic antibioticsis crucial in light of the growing global challenge of antibiotic resistance caused bythe misuse and overuse of antibiotics. Effective management strategies forprophylactic antibiotic use should be prioritized to balance infection control withthe need to combat antimicrobial resistance.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine(XZR2023010)Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu Province(QN202212)Guidance Program of Jiangsu Commission of Health(Z2020046).
文摘Background: Resveratrol is a widely recognized anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent,and it has been suggested to possess anti-tumor effects. But the effect of resveratrol onhepatocellular carcinoma and its molecular mechanisms are unknown. This study confirmedthe effects of resveratrol on HepG2 cell proliferation and migration, and the underlyingmechanism. Methods: Viability of resveratrol (0-200 μmol/L)-treated HepG2 cells wasdetected by CCK-8. Wound healing assay was employed to evaluate cell migration. Theexpression levels of proteins including Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase3, SIRT1, and components of theMAPK pathway were analyzed via Western blot. Results: Resveratrol significantly inhibitedthe migration and proliferation of HepG2 cells at concentrations above 100 μmol/L(P<0.01). The expression of Bax, cleaved Caspase3 and SIRT1 was up-regulate (P<0.05)and Bcl-2, p-JNK、p-p38 MAPK was down-regulate (P<0.05) by resveratrol. Conclusion:Resveratrol suppresses the proliferation and migration of HepG2 cells by activating theSIRT1 signaling pathway and inhibiting the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.
基金This research was carried out within the State Assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(project FZGW-2024-0003).
文摘Objective:The objective of this study was to determine the level of methotrexate(MTX)toxicity in the intestines of mice and to evaluate the protective effect of probiotics composed of Streptococcus,Bifidobacterium,and Lactobacillus species on intestinal cells during MTX treatment.Methods:Mice were divided into three groups:control,MTX group(received MTX injections),and MTX+probiotics group(received MTX injections along with a diet containing probiotics).Morphological and histological changes,the level of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)damage,the level of lipid peroxidation products,and gene expression in the mice’s small intestine were assessed.Results:We demonstrated that intraperitoneal MTX injections significantly increased mtDNA damage in the liver(p<0.001),small intestine(p<0.001),and blood of mice(p<0.01).MTX elevated the quantity of lipid peroxidation products in the liver and small intestine,indicating its strong prooxidative properties.MTX induced structural changes in the mice’s intestines,characterized by leukocytic infiltration of tissues.Probiotic therapy in mice partially mitigated the morphological and histological changes in the small intestine induced by MTX,reduced oxidative stress,and promoted increased expression of quinone oxidoreductase 1(Nqo1),which participates in both cell protection against oxidative stress and drug/xenobiotic detoxification.Probiotics prevented the upregulation of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1b in the small intestine and induced increased expression of genes associated with the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Antioxidant response element(Nrf2/ARE)pathway,an important mechanism of cell protection.Conclusions:Probiotics can be considered an effective approach to reducing the toxicity of MTX during psoriasis or cancer treatment.
基金Natural Science Foundation-funded Project:Yang Deficiency Constitution of Knee Osteoarthritis and the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway Regulates the Level of Correlation,and the Constitution Theraphy(No.81260546)Construction Project of Chinese Medicine Inheritance Innovation Platform:Basic and Clinical Application Research on Osteoarthritis of the Knee(Gan Wei Chinese Medicine Letter[2020]No.203)Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project:Clinical Medical Research Centre for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases(18JR2FA009)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy(ESWT)combined with sodium hyaluronate(HA)for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS:PubM ed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,and SinoMed were searched from inception to July 2020.The quality of the randomized controlled trials was evaluated independently by two reviewers according to the criteria in the Cochrane Collaboration for Systematic Reviews.The identified articles were then screened individually using EndnoteX9 for eligibility in this Meta-analysis.The heterogeneity among the articles was evaluated using I2.RESULTS:A total of 17 studies,comprising 2000 individuals,were included in this Meta-analysis.The results showed that a significant improvement was observed in knee pain and function based on the clinical efficacy of ESWT combined with HA.Statistical analysis of clinical efficacy showed that[relative risk(RR)=1.21,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.12,1.30),P<0.01].Statistical analysis of visual analog scale showed that[standardized mean difference(SMD)=-2.84,95%CI(-4.01,-1.66),P<0.01].Western Ontario and McMaster University osteoarthritis index statistical analysis showed that[SMD=-1.57,95%CI(-2.52,-0.61),P<0.01].Lysholm score statistical analysis showed that[SMD=1.71,95%CI(0.98,2.44),P<0.01].In addition,only minor side effects,such as redness and swelling of the skin,were observed.CONCLUSIONS:Medium to low quality evidence showed that ESWT combined with HA offers an inexpensive,welltolerated,safe,and effective method to improve pain and functionality in patients with KOA.However,tightly controlled,randomized,large multicenter trials are warranted to validate the current findings.
基金Supported by a Grant from the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program)(No.2011CB505403)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between smoking and drinking and constitution types from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)theory.METHODS:The Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(CCMQ)was used.A sample of 8448subjects from nine provinces and municipalities was chosen from the database of the TCM constitution and health status survey.Constituent ratio and correspondence analysis were used to find the relationship between smoking and drinking and TCM constitution.RESULTS:There was an association between smokinganddrinkingandtheGentleness,phlegm-dampness,and dampness-heat type constitutions.People that did not smoke tobacco or drink alcohol tended to have Yang-deficiency,Yin-deficiency,Qi-depression,Qi-deficiency,special diathesis,orblood-stasis type constitutions.CONCLUSION:There was a significant correlation between tobacco and alcohol use and TCM constitutions.To improve patient health,more attention should be paid to tobacco and alcohol control.
基金Research Foundation of Beijing Friendship Hospital(No.yyqdkt2018-8).
文摘Objective Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common cause of clinical liver dysfunction and an important prepathological change of liver cirrhosis.Central obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and metabolic syndrome are the major risk factors for NAFLD.Sitagliptin(Sig)is a novel hypoglycemic agent that improves blood glucose levels by increasing the level of active incretin.Sig has been shown to prevent the development of fatty livers in mice on a fructose-rich diet.The purpose of this study was to observe the efficacy of Sig on NAFLD in type 2 diabetic mice.Methods The diet-induced obesity mouse model was established,and the diabetic mice were screened by an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance trial.The mice were randomly divided into four groups for 8 weeks of intervention:high-fat diet(HFD)group,Sig group,metformin(Met)group,and Sig+Met group.After the intervention,the liver function indexes as well as the blood glucose and blood lipid levels of the mice were measured.In addition,the wet weight of the liver was measured;the pathological sections of the liver tissues were stained to observe the hepatocyte fatty degeneration,inflammation,necrosis,and fibrosis;and the hepatic histological injury was recorded as the NAFLD activity score(NAS).Results Compared with the normal control group,the body weight,liver weight,blood glucose level,insulin resistance(IR),blood lipid level,and transaminase level of the mice in the HFD group were significantly increased,showing typical metabolic syndrome.After treatment with Sig and/or Met,the mice gained less weight,had lower levels of blood glucose,triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and transaminase,and had improved IR compared with the HFD group.The liver pathological NASs in the Sig group(P=0.01),Met group(P=0.028),and Sig+Met group(P<0.001)were lower than those in the HFD group(P<0.05),suggesting that the use of the two drugs alone or in combination can improve the state of liver inflammation.In terms of fibrosis,there was no fibrosis in the control group but there was significant fibrosis in the HFD group(P<0.001).There was no significant difference between the drug intervention groups and the HFD group,indicating that the drug therapy(Sig and/or Met)did not significantly improve the pre-existing fibrosis.Conclusion Our experiment proved that Sig can improve NAFLD,including improvement of the serum transaminase level,hepatic pathological inflammation level,and hepatocyte adiposis,suggesting that Sig may play a role by improving glucose and lipid metabolism,reducing the body weight and liver weight,improving insulin sensitivity,and inhibiting fatty liver inflammation.Sig may be a new direction for the treatment of patients with a nonalcoholic fatty liver and diabetes,delaying the progression of NAFLD.
文摘Green tea is a popular product with a high consumption in Vietnam. Moreover, green tea produced in Tan Cuong commune, Thai Nguyen province, has long been recognized for its superior quality to those coming from other regions of the country. This study aims at comparing the tea from Thai Nguyen and Phu Tho and finding out if the difference can be identified through sensory analysis. Two products picked from Tan Cuong, Thai Nguyen province, and two others from Phu Ho district, Phu Tho province were evaluated by a trained panel of 12 judges （11 women and 1 man）. The sensory evaluation of the dry tea （11 descriptors） was carried out separately from the brewed tea （21 descriptors） and brewed leaf （five descriptors） using an unstructured intensity scale （10 cm）. Statistic analyses have shown differences between regions in all three groups of attributes： dry leaf, liquor and brewed leaf.
文摘Objective:To study the effects of Danshen Chuanxiongqin therapy on TXA2/PGI2, bone metabolism and stress levels after proximal femoral fracture surgery.Methods:A total of 80 patients with proximal femoral fractures who received open reduction and internal fixation treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University between January 2015 and December 2016 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the experimental group who received postoperative adjuvant Danshen Chuanxiongqin therapy and the control group who received postoperative conventional therapy. The levels of TXA2/PGI2 balance-related indicators, bone metabolism indicators and stress hormones in serum as well as the expression levels of stress molecules in peripheral blood were measured before surgery and 3 d after surgery.Results:Compared with those of same group before surgery, serum 6-keto-PGF1α, t-PA, PICP, BALP and OCN levels of both groups of patients were significantly lower whereas serum TXB2, PAI-1, D-D,β-CTX, RANKL, NE, COR and ANG-Ⅱ levels as well as peripheral blood NF-κB and HSP70 expression were significantly higher after surgery, and serum 6-keto-PGF1α, t-PA, PICP, BALP and OCN levels of experimental group after surgery were higher than those of control group whereas serum TXB2, PAI-1, D-D,β-CTX, RANKL, NE, COR and ANG-Ⅱ levels as well as peripheral blood NF-κB and HSP70 expression were lower than those of control group.Conclusion:Danshen Chuanxiongqin therapy after proximal femoral fracture surgery can adjust the TXA2/PGI2 balance, improve the bone metabolism and reduce the stress level.
基金Supported by Guangdong Provincial Medical Research Fund General Program,No.B2025209Guangzhou Science and Technology Program Project,No.2025A03J3269.
文摘Intestinal transplantation(ITx)has emerged as a pivotal life-saving intervention for patients with irreversible intestinal failure unresponsive to conventional medical and nutritional therapies.Despite its growing clinical acceptance,ITx remains among the most immunologically complex and technically demanding procedures in the field of solid organ transplantation.This review comprehensively summarizes the historical evolution,clinical indications,and advancements in surgical techniques,with emphasis on innovations in vascular anastomosis,multivisceral transplantation,and ex vivo preservation.Special attention is given to the unique immunological challenges of ITx,including bidirectional immune responses-host-vs-graft and graft-vs-host disease-immune-microbiota interactions,and the distinct roles of key immune cells.Pediatric and adult recipients exhibit divergent etiologies,immune responses,and complication profiles,necessitating individualized approaches.Although novel immunotherapeutic strategies and bioengineering innovations have improved short-term outcomes,chronic rejection,graft dysfunction,and immunosuppressive toxicity remain significant barriers.Looking ahead,future directions should prioritize precision immunomodulation,microbiome-targeted therapies,and integrated platforms for gene editing,3D bioprinting,and immune monitoring.Through multidisciplinary collaboration and translational research,ITx is poised to evolve from a high-risk salvage therapy into a personalized,sustainable solution that enhances long-term survival and patient quality of life.
基金Supported by Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project,No.20210204012YY.
文摘BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease with rising global incidence.Current therapies for UC often provide incomplete relief and are associated with adverse side effects,highlighting the need for alternatives with increased safety and effectiveness.Compound spleen-tonifying composition(CSTC)contains ingredients,such as Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge)Regel and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch,that have been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of UC.Its mechanism needs to be investigated further.AIM To study the therapeutic effect and mechanism of CSTC in dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced UC in rats.METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were freely given 4%DSS solution for seven days to establish the UC model.After intervention with CSTC and its different solvent extracts,body weight changes,the disease activity index(DAI),and colon histopathology were assessed to evaluate therapeutic outcomes.The contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),myeloperoxidase(MPO),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-px),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in colon tissue were determined to investigate changes in biochemical indicators.RESULTS DSS administration triggered severe UC symptoms,including weight loss,colon shortening,elevated DAI scores,and histological damage.These symptoms were accompanied with oxidative stress(reduced SOD and GSH-px levels and increased MDA and MPO levels),inflammation(elevated TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 levels),and a reduction in the expression levels of tight junction proteins[zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)and occluding].High-and mediumdose CSTC treatment significantly alleviated clinical symptoms,restored colon morphology,normalized oxidative stress markers,suppressed proinflammatory cytokines,and enhanced ZO-1 and occludin levels,demonstrating dose-dependent efficacy.Notably,solvent extraction critically influenced bioactivity:Nonpolar extracts(chloroform and petroleum ether)showed minimal effects,whereas polar extracts(ethyl acetate and n-butanol)remarkably improved clinical symptoms.CONCLUSION The above findings highlight CSTC’s multifaceted anti-UC effects,which are mediated through oxidative stress mitigation and cytokine modulation,while emphasizing the polarity-dependent efficacy of its extracts.
基金Supported by Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health cognition theory and Constitution Classification from the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)(No.2011CB505403)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationships between different lifestyle-behavioral factors and phlegm wetness type of Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution,so as to provide health management strategies for phlegm-wetness constitution.METHODS: A case-control study was conducted with the cases selected from the database of Chinese constitution survey in 9 provinces or municipalities of China. 1380 cases met the diagnostic criteria of phlegm-wetness type were taken as the case group, and 1380 cases were randomly selected from gentleness type as the control group. Using Chi-square test to compare the differences of lifestyle-behavior composition in each group; single factor and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to compare the relationships of life-style-behavioral factors and phlegm-wetness type.RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between phlegm-wetness type group and gentleness type group in lifestyle behaviors(dietary habits, tobacco and liquor consumptions, exercise habits, sleeping habits). The results of single factor logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of phlegm-wetness constitution decreased significantly in light diet(odds ratio, OR=0.68);The risk factors of phlegm-wetness type were fatty food intake(OR=2.36), sleeping early and getting up late(OR=1.87), tobacco smoking(OR=1.83),barbecued food intake(OR=1.68), alcohol drinking(OR=1.63), salty food intake(OR=1.44), sleeping erratically(OR=1.43), less physical activities(OR=1.42), sweet food intake(OR=1.29), sleeping and getting up late(OR=1.26), and pungent food intake(OR=1.21), respectively. Regardless of the interaction among lifestyle-behavioral factors, the results of the multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of phlegm-wetness type were sleeping early and getting up late(OR=1.94), fatty food intake(OR=1.80), tobacco smoking(OR=1.50),sleeping erratically(OR=1.50), barbecued food intake(OR=1.40), sleeping and getting up late(OR=1.40), less physical activities(OR=1.31), sleeping late and getting up early(OR=1.27),and sweet food intake(OR=1.27), respectively, and the risk ofphlegm-wetness type still decreased significantly inlightfoodintake(OR=0.79).CONCLUSION: Light diet can decrease the risk of being phlegm-wetness constitution, and bad lifestyle behaviors such as sleeping early and getting up late, sleeping erratically, fatty food, barbecued food or sweet food intake, tobacco and liquor consumptions, and less physical activities can increase the risks of becoming phlegm-wetness constitution.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81760179 No.81360151)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No.20171BAB205046)Jiangxi Province Education Department Key Foundation (No. GJJ160033)Health Development Planning Commission Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No.20185118)
文摘AIM： To investigate the functional networks underlying the brain-activity changes of patients with high myopia using the voxel-wise degree centrality（DC） method.METHODS： In total, 38 patients with high myopia（HM）（17 males and 21 females）, whose binocular refractive diopter were-6.00 to-7.00 D, and 38 healthy controls（17 males and 21 females）, closely matched in age, sex, and education levels, participated in the study. Spontaneous brain activities were evaluated using the voxel-wise DC method. The receiver operating characteristic curve was measured to distinguish patients with HM from healthy controls. Correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the observed mean DC values of the different brain areas and the behavioral performance.RESULTS： Compared with healthy controls, HM patients had significantly decreased DC values in the right inferior frontal gyrus/insula, right middle frontal gyrus, and right supramarginal/inferior parietal lobule（P〈0.05）. In contrast, HM patients had significantly increased DC values in the right cerebellum posterior lobe, left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus, and right middle cingulate gyrus（P〈0.05）. However, no relationship was found between the observed mean DC values of the different brain areas and the behavioral performance（P〉0.05）.CONCLUSION： HM is associated with abnormalities in many brain regions, which may indicate the neural mechanisms of HM. The altered DC values may be used as a useful biomarker for the brain activity changes in HM patients.
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is spreading at an alarming rate,and it has created an unprecedented health emergency threatening tens of millions of people worldwide.Previous studies have indicated that SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid could be detected in the feces of patients even after smearnegative respiratory samples.However,demonstration of confirmed fecal-oral transmission has been difficult.Clinical studies have shown an incidence rate of gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms ranging from 2%to 79.1%in patients with COVID-19.They may precede or accompany respiratory symptoms.The most common GI symptoms included nausea,diarrhea,and abdominal pain.In addition,some patients also had liver injury,pancreatic damage,and even acute mesenteric ischemia/thrombosis.Although the incidence rates reported in different centers were quite different,the digestive system was the clinical component of the COVID-19 section.Studies have shown that angiotensinconverting enzyme 2,the receptor of SARS-CoV-2,was not only expressed in the lungs,but also in the upper esophagus,small intestine,liver,and colon.The possible mechanism of GI symptoms in COVID-19 patients may include direct viral invasion into target cells,dysregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2,immune-mediated tissue injury,and gut dysbiosis caused by microbiota.Additionally,numerous experiences,guidelines,recommendations,and position statements were published or released by different organizations and societies worldwide to optimize the management practice of outpatients,inpatients,and endoscopy in the era of COVID-19.In this review,based on our previous work and relevant literature,we mainly discuss potential fecal-oral transmission,GI manifestations,abdominal imaging findings,relevant pathophysiological mechanisms,and infection control and prevention measures in the time of COVID-19.
基金supported by the Project of National Social Science Foundation of China(21BMZ018)the Philosophy and Social Science Project of Yunnan Province(YB2020093).
文摘Objective:To explore the double psychosocial threats of the COVID-19 pandemic,targeted behavior toward Chinese Americans,and the correlates to their mental health.Methods:A quantitative,cross-sectional,and descriptive design was utilized by using a purposive convenience sample of 301 Chinese Americans over the age of 18 residing in the United States.Online data collection was conducted through the social media platform WeChat from April 8–21,2021.Descriptive statistical analysis was used for the participants’demographic charac-teristics,Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS),Double Threat Situations,COVID-19 Racial Discrimination,and General Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7).Stepwise logistic regression was conducted to verify predictors for anxiety levels by GAD-7.Results:In this sample(N=301),127(42.19%)were male and 174(57.81%)were female.The average age was 41.67(SD=5.89).Among MSPSS subscales,social support from family(MSPSS-Fam,79.73%,n=240)and social support from significant others(MSPSS-SO,73.75%,n=222)were high.231(76.74%)reported threats due to their Chinese ethnic background during the COVID-19 outbreak.Predictors for the high anxiety level by GAD-7 were COVID-19 racial discrimination from the local community(OR=0.47,95%CI=0.39–0.71,p<0.001),media/online(OR=0.36,95%CI=0.26–0.53,p<0.001),the perceived threat from the COVID-19 virus(OR=0.33,95%CI=0.23–0.51,p<0.001)and Perceived racism threat from Chinese back-ground related to COVID-19(OR=0.31,95%CI=0.21–0.49,p<0.001).Conclusions:COVID-19 double-threats(The virus and racial discrimination)situations are significantly related to the high level of anxiety among Chinese Americans.The sense of belonging and social perceptions of Chinese immigrants is closely related to public health problems in Western societies and needs to be addressed at all levels.Ourfindings call for the attention of health-care workers to specific racism double-threatened situations and high mental health risks,as well as direct and indirect ethnic discrimination that Chinese Americans are experiencing during this pandemic,the long-term influ-ences and effective coping ways related to this issue should be explored in further research.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers#71974212,#71774178,#81803334,#72204059)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(grant number#2020A1515010737)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(grant number#202201010078)the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control of the National Science and Technology Major Project(grant number#2018ZX10715004).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)self-testing serves as a crucial strategy for overcoming testing barriers,with urine-based self-testing emerging as a potential novel approach.What is added by this report?In a real-world setting,this study demonstrated that the urine rapid test exhibited lower diagnostic accuracy compared to the blood rapid test.Study participants expressed stronger preferences for HIV self-testing methods utilizing finger prick samples,accompanied by standard written instructions and lower costs.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for“Significant New Drugs Development”(2019ZX09721001-004-004).
文摘Recently,a paper published in Science by Hadjadj et al.reported that type I interferon(IFN)deficiency,could be a hallmark of severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Severe COVID-19 was also associated with a lymphocytopenia,persistent blood viral load,and an exacerbated inflammatory response(Fig.1).These findings provide insights into the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients with type I IFN.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42072182)the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2024NSFSC0815)supported by the Natural Gas Development Research Department,Exploration and Development Research Institute,Petro China Tarim Oilfield Company。
文摘Natural fractures serve as the primary storage spaces and flow pathways in deep to ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs,directly influencing hydrocarbon accumulation,preservation,and production.Borehole images offer intuitive,continuous,and high-resolution identification of natural fractures along the entire borehole.However,relying solely on complete sinusoidal curves from borehole images for fracture identification may lead to omissions,as it overlooks cases where these curves are incomplete or truncated.To address the problems and deficiencies in fracture identification,this study systematically classifies borehole image feature patterns based on core-to-log spatial position restoring.A bidirectional comparison is conducted between natu ral fractures in cores and the fracture image features in borehole images.A quantitative relationship between fracture dip angle,thin layer thickness and borehole radius was established,accompanied by a mathematical expression describing the fracture curve morphology was proposed.These findings enabled the development of an imaging response pattern for natural fractures in deep and ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs,incorporating key parameters such as dip angle,through-layer connectivity,and spatial position within the borehole.In the Bashijiqike-Baxigai tight-sandstone reservoirs of the Bozi-Dabei area,we estimate that approximately 24%of coreobserved fractures display distinct linear-pattern features on borehole images,whereas approximately 91%of borehole images features can be correlated with fractures observed in core.Fracture identification rates for natural fractures increased by 17%in water-based mud and by 3%in oil-based mud through the application of the natural fracture image response pattern.Moreover,this study analyzes the deviations in the matching between core fractures and image features.Finally,we further discuss the common sources of error in natural fracture identification using borehole images from multiple perspectives,including missing core responses,inconsistencies between core and borehole image features,distortion of fracture chord curve,inaccurate fracture count,misclassification of fractures,and variations in interpretation under different mud systems.The research addresses the blind spots of traditional methods in fracture identification within thin layers,not only enhancing the detection rate of natural fractu res but also further improving the accuracy of fractu re recognitio n.At the same time,it will contribute to the optimization of fracture characterization,reservoir evaluation,and production forecasting,providing a more reliable data foundation for exploration and development under complex geological conditions.
基金supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.ZR2023QE252)the Scientific Research Start-up Fund of Shandong First Medical University.
文摘Secondary water supply systems(SWSSs)are pivotal in urban water management.Municipal water entering SWSS storage tank undergoes hydraulic stagnation before being distributed to end users.This stagnation provides a stable microenvironment,facilitating a series of chemical reactions,particularly chlorine disinfectant decay resulting in favorable conditions for microbial proliferation.Elevated microbial loads within SWSSs directly compromise the microbiological safety of residential drinking water.In this review,we compile the findings from our studies and existing literature and systematically evaluate the latent microbial hazards in SWSSs serving both urban residential neighborhoods and self-built houses.SWSSs function as persistent reservoirs for pathogenic microbiota.We propose Legionella spp.as targeted supplementary microbiological indicators for routine waterquality monitoring in SWSSs.To mitigate the risks,we advocate implementing three-tiered interventions:1)an optimized building layout and operation mode,2)engineered secondary disinfection strategies,and 3)enhanced regulatory oversight through smart monitoring frameworks.In summary,we characterize the microbial contamination mechanisms in urban SWSSs and establish a vital scientific basis for advancing operational management and safety assurance.
文摘Objective To explore the causes of delayed medical record archiving in a certain hospital and propose corresponding improvement measures to support hospital accreditation.Methods Discharged medical records from May 2023 to April 2024 in the hospital were selected as the control group,and those from May 2024 to April 2025 as the observation group.Administrative functional departments were organized to analyze the 2-day archiving status of medical records in the control group and propose scientific and reasonable improvement strategies.Results The 2-day archiving rate of the observation group was 1.6%higher than that of the control group.The archiving status of surgical medical records was relatively poor.Conclusion Guided by hospital accreditation indicators,Multi-Disciplinary Team(MDT)collaboration among administrative departments can improve the 2-day archiving rate.
基金This study was supported by the Chinese Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for“Significant New Drugs Creation”,National Key Project(2019ZX09721-001-004-004)Key Technologies and Transformation Platform for Rapid Emergency Vaccine R&D for“the Sichuan Province Key R&D Program”(2020YFS0568).
文摘Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection continues to be a major threat to global public health,and new safe and efficacious vaccines are needed for prevention of infections caused by P.aeruginosa.X-ray irradiation has been used to prepare whole-cell inactivated vaccines against P.aeruginosa infection.However,the immunological mechanisms of X-ray-inactivated vaccines are still unclear and require further investigation.Our previous study found that an X-ray-inactivated whole-cell vaccine could provide protection against P.aeruginosa by boosting T cells.The aim of the present study was to further explore the immunological mechanisms of the vaccine.Herein,P.aeruginosa PAO1,a widely used laboratory strain,was utilized to prepare the vaccine,and we found nucleic acids and 8-hydroxyguanosine in the supernatant of X-ray-inactivated PAO1(XPa).By detecting CD86,CD80,and MHCII expression,we found that XPa fostered dentritic cell(DC)maturation by detecting.XPa stimulated the cGAS-STING pathway as well as Toll-like receptors in DCs in vitro,and DC finally underwent apoptosis and pyroptosis after XPa stimulation.In addition,DC stimulated by XPa induced CD8+T-cell proliferation in vitro and generated immunologic memory in vivo.Moreover,XPa vaccination induced both Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses in mice and reduced the level of inflammatory factors during infection.XPa protected mice in pneumonia models from infection with PAO1 or multidrug-resistant clinical isolate W9.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)mice immunized with XPa could resist PAO1 infection.Therefore,a new mechanism of an X-ray-inactivated whole-cell vaccine against P.aeruginosa infection was discovered in this study.
