BACKGROUND Dental follicle stem cell(DFSC)sheets demonstrate strong extracellular secretion capabilities and efficacy in periodontal regeneration.However,existing methods for producing DFSC sheets lack a comprehensive...BACKGROUND Dental follicle stem cell(DFSC)sheets demonstrate strong extracellular secretion capabilities and efficacy in periodontal regeneration.However,existing methods for producing DFSC sheets lack a comprehensive discussion on the most efficient and cost-effective approaches at the good manufacturing practice(GMP)level.AIM To investigate the culture condition of GMP-compliant DFSC sheets and to compare the properties of DFSC sheets and cell suspensions.METHODS This study explored the optimal conditions for culturing GMP-compliant DFSC sheets,focusing on four key factors:Cell passage,cell concentration,L-ascorbic acid content,and culture duration.We evaluated the characteristics of the cell sheets under varying culture conditions,including cell viability,cell count,appearance,osteogenesis,chondrogenesis,odontogenesis,aging,relative telomere length,and extracellular matrix secretion.A comparison was also made between the periodontal regeneration,osteogenesis,and paracrine capacity of cell sheets cultured under optimal conditions and those of the cell suspensions.RESULTS The GMP-compliant DFSC sheets cultured from passage 4 cells exhibited the highest viability(≥99%,P<0.05)and optimal osteogenic differentiation capacity(optical density≥0.126,P<0.05).When cultured for 10 days,DFSC sheets demonstrated maximal expression of osteogenic,chondrogenic and periostin genes[alkaline phosphatase,Runt-related transcription factor 2,collagen type I,osteopontin,cartilage associated protein,and PERIOSTN(P<0.001);osteocalcin(P<0.01)].Concurrently,they showed the lowest senescent cell count(P<0.01)with no progression to late-stage senescence.At a seeding density of 2500 cells/cm^(2),GMP-compliant DFSC sheets achieved better osteogenic differentiation(P<0.01)and maximal osteogenic,chondrogenic and periostin gene expression(P<0.001),coupled with the highest hydroxyproline secretion(P<0.001)and moderate sulfated glycosaminoglycan production.No statistically significant difference in senescent cell count was observed compared to DFSC sheets at a seeding density of 5000 cells/cm^(2).Supplementation with 25μg/mL L-ascorbic acid significantly enhanced osteogenic gene expression(P<0.001)and elevated hydroxyproline(P<0.01)and sulfated glycosaminoglycan secretion to high ranges.Compared with the cell suspension,the cell sheet demonstrated improved osteogenic,paracrine,and periodontal regenerative capacities in Sprague-Dawley rats.The optimized DFSC sheets demonstrated significantly higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1(P<0.001)compared to DFSC suspensions,along with enhanced osteogenic induction outcomes(optical density=0.1333±0.01270 vs 0.1007±0.0005774 in suspensions,P<0.05).Following implantation into the rat periodontal defect model,micro-computed tomography analysis revealed superior bone regeneration metrics in the cell sheet group compared to both the cell suspension group and control group(percent bone volume,trabecular thickness,trabecular number),while trabecular spacing exhibited an inverse pattern.CONCLUSION Optimized DFSC sheets cultured under the identified conditions outperform DFSC suspensions.This study contributes to the industrial-scale production of DFSC sheets and establishes a foundation for cell therapy applications.展开更多
Improving freight axle load is the most effective method to improve railway freight capability; based on the imported technologies of railway freight bogie, the 27 t axle load side-frame cross-bracing bogie and sub-fr...Improving freight axle load is the most effective method to improve railway freight capability; based on the imported technologies of railway freight bogie, the 27 t axle load side-frame cross-bracing bogie and sub-frame radial bogie are developed in China. In order to analyze and compare dynamic interactions of the two newly developed heavy-haul freight bogies, we establish a vehi- cle-track coupling dynamic model and use numerical calculation methods for computer simulation. The dynamic performances of the two bogies are simulated separately at various conditions. The results show that at the dipped joint and straight line running conditions, the wheel-rail dynamic interactions of both bogies are basically the same, but at the curve negotiation condition, the wear and the lateral force of the side-frame cross-bracing bogie are much higher than that of the sub-frame radial bogie, and the advantages become more obvious when the curve radius is smaller. The results also indicate that the sub- frame radial bogie has better low-wheel-rail interaction characteristics.展开更多
A rapid predictive method based on near-infrared re flectance spectroscopy(NIRS)of paddy rice was developed to measure the pasting properties of rice.The paddy rice samples were scanned by a near-infrared re flectance...A rapid predictive method based on near-infrared re flectance spectroscopy(NIRS)of paddy rice was developed to measure the pasting properties of rice.The paddy rice samples were scanned by a near-infrared re flectance spectrometer in the wavelength region of 1400–2400 nm and preprocessed by mathematical pretreatments prior to pasting properties analysis using a rapid visco-analyzer(RVA).The results indicated that the developed models of setback(SB),peak viscosity(PV),breakdown(BD)and consistency(CS)provided good prediction results with relatively high correlation coe±cients(0.81–0.96).In addition,the validity of the calibration models was statistically tested.Standard error of prediction(SEPT) and bias were small enough without any significance at 95% confidence interval.Nonetheless,this study proved that the use of NIRS for predicting pasting properties was feasible in paddy rice and could be applied in commercial trade and research.展开更多
Polyurethane-imide elastomers (PUIEs) are formed from isocyanate, polyol, acid anhydride, and diamine by liquid polymerization. Unfortunately, many of the diamines have rarely been applied to the formation of PUIEs. H...Polyurethane-imide elastomers (PUIEs) are formed from isocyanate, polyol, acid anhydride, and diamine by liquid polymerization. Unfortunately, many of the diamines have rarely been applied to the formation of PUIEs. Hence, investigating the effect of diamines on PUIEs remains a challenge in polymer chemistry. Herein, PUIEs prepared from 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polytetramethylene glycol (Mw: 1000), pyromellitic dianhydride, and aromatic diamines (such as p-phenylene diamine, 4,4'-oxydianiline, and 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene), and aliphatic diamines (such as 1,2-ethylene diamine, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine, and 1,12-dodecamethylene diamine) were synthesized by liquid polymerization. The morphologies and the chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the various PUIEs were investigated. The obtained elastomeric sheets were characterized in terms of the following tests and methods: solubility and swelling tests, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis, tensile tests, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle microscopy, and scanning electron展开更多
Honey is a product of the elaboration of flower nectar by bees. The general features and elemental composition of honey depend on its botanical origin. In this study, five color parameters （L＊： lightness, a＊： red...Honey is a product of the elaboration of flower nectar by bees. The general features and elemental composition of honey depend on its botanical origin. In this study, five color parameters （L＊： lightness, a＊： red color, b＊： yellow color, C＊ab and hab） and five elements （Na, K, Mg, Ca and Zn） were determined and related with 91 Thai honey samples. The origins of four botanic types of （1） longan flower （Dimocarpus sp.）, （2） lynchee flower （Litchi sp.）, （3） sunflower （Helianthus sp.） and （4） wild flower （Eupatorium sp.） using principle component analysis （PCA）. The results showed that five color parameters and five metal contents related with the Thai botanic origins of the honeys using principle component analysis （PCA）. Six major indicators of PC i （variance is 44.33%） from three color parameters are L＊（-0.926）, a＊（0.927） and hue or hab （0.824） and from three metal contents are K（0.833）, Ca（0.816） and Mg（0.595）. Two minor indicators of PC2 （variance is 21.58%） from color parameters are b＊（-0.934） and Chroma or C＊ab （-0.834）. Two indicators of PC3 （%variance is 12.47%） from contents of Na （-0.722） and Zn （0.704）. Thai Lynchee （C） flower honeys classified using both six parameters in PC 1 and two color parameters in PC2. Thai longan flower （G） honeys classified using the contents of Zn and Na in PC3 parameters. Thai sunflower （S） honeys classified using two color parameters in PC2. Thai wild flower （W） honeys classified using the metal contents of K in PC 1 parameter, Zn and Na in PC3 parameters.展开更多
This paper presents a new optimisation approach for variance within a supply chain management process.The approach is presented by the variance cube of purchasing(VCP)that involves a lean method for variance optimisat...This paper presents a new optimisation approach for variance within a supply chain management process.The approach is presented by the variance cube of purchasing(VCP)that involves a lean method for variance optimisation,namely the cost and variance driver analysis.The approach focuses on the optimisation and the control of existing process variance within the supply chain.The application of the cube is presented by a case study involving a globally acting Tier 1 supplier,who produces steering systems for passenger cars and commercial vehicles.In this case,the sourcing process of this Tier 1 supplier will be analysed,evaluated and optimised regarding variance.The variance is presented in the form of the number of suppliers who are involved in the sourcing process.Unnecessary existing process variance,like an unnecessary huge number of suppliers within the sourcing process,is a type of waste.Time,money,quality and technology can be saved through a greater understanding of the optimal number of suppliers within a sourcing process.The results of the case study led to a generalised method to optimise the existing process variance,present cost improvements as well as optimising the key performance indicator to manage the number of suppliers in the sourcing process.The general approach can be used for other company departments like logistics and for different industries other than automotive.The insights of this article support the operative user and the strategic company management in order to reduce and improve unnecessary variance in different sections.The structured analysis of supply chain process variance via the VCP and the key performance indicator“optimal supplier number per sourcing process”are new to company management.展开更多
White mugwort (Artemisia lactiflora Wall.) is known as a medicinal herb containing phytochemicals with antioxidant and bio-activity.The optimal concentration of ethanol was investigated for extracting polyphenols from...White mugwort (Artemisia lactiflora Wall.) is known as a medicinal herb containing phytochemicals with antioxidant and bio-activity.The optimal concentration of ethanol was investigated for extracting polyphenols from the fresh aerial part and dried powder of white mugwort as expressed by total phenolic content (TPC),phenolic compounds,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-adipogenic activity.Among various ethanol concentrations (0,25,50 or 95%) used in the extraction process,the freeze-dried extract from fresh aerial part (FE) extracted with 95% ethanol expressed the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging IC50 of 0.817 ± 0.06 μl/mg dry weight (DW) and FRAP value of 11.40 ± 0.86 mmol Fe(II)/g DW) and the highest TPC (61.46 ± 3.09 mgGAE/g DW).While,the freeze-dried extract from dried powder (PE) exhibited the prominent antioxidant properties (DPPH radical scavenging IC50 of 0.975 ± 0.03 μl/mg DW and FRAP value of 07.60 ± 0.22 mmol Fe(II)/g DW),TPC (48.11 ± 1.45 mgGAE/g DW) when extracted with 50% ethanol.Seven phenolic compounds—two phenolic acids (gallic acid and tannic acid) and five flavonoids (apigenin,isoquercetin,quercetin,rutin,and catechin) were identified in FE and PE using HPLC-DAD/MS.The inflammatory genes were down-regulated in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 monocytes treated with PE,suggesting anti-inflammatory activity.Lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with FE at 60 μ gGAE/mL decreased to 12.8%,while the decrease of 36.8% was detected in PE.Hence,flavonoids were suggested to be responsible for the stronger bioactivity of PE over FE.Moreover,this work originally revealed the investigation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic activity of white mugwort on THP-1 and 3T3-L1 cells.展开更多
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE)plays a significant role in the regulation of blood pressure via generating angiotensin II(Ang II).Using natural inhibitors to block the activity of ACE is an alternative method to ...Angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE)plays a significant role in the regulation of blood pressure via generating angiotensin II(Ang II).Using natural inhibitors to block the activity of ACE is an alternative method to minimize the side effects of commercial drugs,and is a major goal of hypertension management.This study detected the presence of ACE inhibitory peptides in whey protein hydrolysate.The whey protein hydrolysate was separated sequentially by ultrafiltration and RP-HPLC.LC-MS/MS revealed the amino acid sequences of the fractions and four potential ACE inhibitory peptides were selected(PQVSTPTL,MPGP,PMHIR,PPLT)for synthesis.IC50 values of these four peptides were 86±8,179±4,90±6,and 168±4μM,respectively.Then,molecular docking analysis was used to assess how these peptides interact with ACE.PQVSTPTL exhibited the lowest binding energy(6.64 kcal/mol)with the ACE molecule.These four reported peptides were with no allergenicity nor toxicity.These results indicated that whey protein hydrolysate could be a suitable resource for obtaining novel inhibitory peptides against ACE and provides information for obtaining novel ACE inhibitors for hypertension management.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2021YFA1100600 and No.2022YFA1104400.
文摘BACKGROUND Dental follicle stem cell(DFSC)sheets demonstrate strong extracellular secretion capabilities and efficacy in periodontal regeneration.However,existing methods for producing DFSC sheets lack a comprehensive discussion on the most efficient and cost-effective approaches at the good manufacturing practice(GMP)level.AIM To investigate the culture condition of GMP-compliant DFSC sheets and to compare the properties of DFSC sheets and cell suspensions.METHODS This study explored the optimal conditions for culturing GMP-compliant DFSC sheets,focusing on four key factors:Cell passage,cell concentration,L-ascorbic acid content,and culture duration.We evaluated the characteristics of the cell sheets under varying culture conditions,including cell viability,cell count,appearance,osteogenesis,chondrogenesis,odontogenesis,aging,relative telomere length,and extracellular matrix secretion.A comparison was also made between the periodontal regeneration,osteogenesis,and paracrine capacity of cell sheets cultured under optimal conditions and those of the cell suspensions.RESULTS The GMP-compliant DFSC sheets cultured from passage 4 cells exhibited the highest viability(≥99%,P<0.05)and optimal osteogenic differentiation capacity(optical density≥0.126,P<0.05).When cultured for 10 days,DFSC sheets demonstrated maximal expression of osteogenic,chondrogenic and periostin genes[alkaline phosphatase,Runt-related transcription factor 2,collagen type I,osteopontin,cartilage associated protein,and PERIOSTN(P<0.001);osteocalcin(P<0.01)].Concurrently,they showed the lowest senescent cell count(P<0.01)with no progression to late-stage senescence.At a seeding density of 2500 cells/cm^(2),GMP-compliant DFSC sheets achieved better osteogenic differentiation(P<0.01)and maximal osteogenic,chondrogenic and periostin gene expression(P<0.001),coupled with the highest hydroxyproline secretion(P<0.001)and moderate sulfated glycosaminoglycan production.No statistically significant difference in senescent cell count was observed compared to DFSC sheets at a seeding density of 5000 cells/cm^(2).Supplementation with 25μg/mL L-ascorbic acid significantly enhanced osteogenic gene expression(P<0.001)and elevated hydroxyproline(P<0.01)and sulfated glycosaminoglycan secretion to high ranges.Compared with the cell suspension,the cell sheet demonstrated improved osteogenic,paracrine,and periodontal regenerative capacities in Sprague-Dawley rats.The optimized DFSC sheets demonstrated significantly higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1(P<0.001)compared to DFSC suspensions,along with enhanced osteogenic induction outcomes(optical density=0.1333±0.01270 vs 0.1007±0.0005774 in suspensions,P<0.05).Following implantation into the rat periodontal defect model,micro-computed tomography analysis revealed superior bone regeneration metrics in the cell sheet group compared to both the cell suspension group and control group(percent bone volume,trabecular thickness,trabecular number),while trabecular spacing exhibited an inverse pattern.CONCLUSION Optimized DFSC sheets cultured under the identified conditions outperform DFSC suspensions.This study contributes to the industrial-scale production of DFSC sheets and establishes a foundation for cell therapy applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50975238)
文摘Improving freight axle load is the most effective method to improve railway freight capability; based on the imported technologies of railway freight bogie, the 27 t axle load side-frame cross-bracing bogie and sub-frame radial bogie are developed in China. In order to analyze and compare dynamic interactions of the two newly developed heavy-haul freight bogies, we establish a vehi- cle-track coupling dynamic model and use numerical calculation methods for computer simulation. The dynamic performances of the two bogies are simulated separately at various conditions. The results show that at the dipped joint and straight line running conditions, the wheel-rail dynamic interactions of both bogies are basically the same, but at the curve negotiation condition, the wear and the lateral force of the side-frame cross-bracing bogie are much higher than that of the sub-frame radial bogie, and the advantages become more obvious when the curve radius is smaller. The results also indicate that the sub- frame radial bogie has better low-wheel-rail interaction characteristics.
文摘A rapid predictive method based on near-infrared re flectance spectroscopy(NIRS)of paddy rice was developed to measure the pasting properties of rice.The paddy rice samples were scanned by a near-infrared re flectance spectrometer in the wavelength region of 1400–2400 nm and preprocessed by mathematical pretreatments prior to pasting properties analysis using a rapid visco-analyzer(RVA).The results indicated that the developed models of setback(SB),peak viscosity(PV),breakdown(BD)and consistency(CS)provided good prediction results with relatively high correlation coe±cients(0.81–0.96).In addition,the validity of the calibration models was statistically tested.Standard error of prediction(SEPT) and bias were small enough without any significance at 95% confidence interval.Nonetheless,this study proved that the use of NIRS for predicting pasting properties was feasible in paddy rice and could be applied in commercial trade and research.
文摘Polyurethane-imide elastomers (PUIEs) are formed from isocyanate, polyol, acid anhydride, and diamine by liquid polymerization. Unfortunately, many of the diamines have rarely been applied to the formation of PUIEs. Hence, investigating the effect of diamines on PUIEs remains a challenge in polymer chemistry. Herein, PUIEs prepared from 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polytetramethylene glycol (Mw: 1000), pyromellitic dianhydride, and aromatic diamines (such as p-phenylene diamine, 4,4'-oxydianiline, and 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene), and aliphatic diamines (such as 1,2-ethylene diamine, 1,6-hexamethylene diamine, and 1,12-dodecamethylene diamine) were synthesized by liquid polymerization. The morphologies and the chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the various PUIEs were investigated. The obtained elastomeric sheets were characterized in terms of the following tests and methods: solubility and swelling tests, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis, tensile tests, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle microscopy, and scanning electron
文摘Honey is a product of the elaboration of flower nectar by bees. The general features and elemental composition of honey depend on its botanical origin. In this study, five color parameters （L＊： lightness, a＊： red color, b＊： yellow color, C＊ab and hab） and five elements （Na, K, Mg, Ca and Zn） were determined and related with 91 Thai honey samples. The origins of four botanic types of （1） longan flower （Dimocarpus sp.）, （2） lynchee flower （Litchi sp.）, （3） sunflower （Helianthus sp.） and （4） wild flower （Eupatorium sp.） using principle component analysis （PCA）. The results showed that five color parameters and five metal contents related with the Thai botanic origins of the honeys using principle component analysis （PCA）. Six major indicators of PC i （variance is 44.33%） from three color parameters are L＊（-0.926）, a＊（0.927） and hue or hab （0.824） and from three metal contents are K（0.833）, Ca（0.816） and Mg（0.595）. Two minor indicators of PC2 （variance is 21.58%） from color parameters are b＊（-0.934） and Chroma or C＊ab （-0.834）. Two indicators of PC3 （%variance is 12.47%） from contents of Na （-0.722） and Zn （0.704）. Thai Lynchee （C） flower honeys classified using both six parameters in PC 1 and two color parameters in PC2. Thai longan flower （G） honeys classified using the contents of Zn and Na in PC3 parameters. Thai sunflower （S） honeys classified using two color parameters in PC2. Thai wild flower （W） honeys classified using the metal contents of K in PC 1 parameter, Zn and Na in PC3 parameters.
文摘This paper presents a new optimisation approach for variance within a supply chain management process.The approach is presented by the variance cube of purchasing(VCP)that involves a lean method for variance optimisation,namely the cost and variance driver analysis.The approach focuses on the optimisation and the control of existing process variance within the supply chain.The application of the cube is presented by a case study involving a globally acting Tier 1 supplier,who produces steering systems for passenger cars and commercial vehicles.In this case,the sourcing process of this Tier 1 supplier will be analysed,evaluated and optimised regarding variance.The variance is presented in the form of the number of suppliers who are involved in the sourcing process.Unnecessary existing process variance,like an unnecessary huge number of suppliers within the sourcing process,is a type of waste.Time,money,quality and technology can be saved through a greater understanding of the optimal number of suppliers within a sourcing process.The results of the case study led to a generalised method to optimise the existing process variance,present cost improvements as well as optimising the key performance indicator to manage the number of suppliers in the sourcing process.The general approach can be used for other company departments like logistics and for different industries other than automotive.The insights of this article support the operative user and the strategic company management in order to reduce and improve unnecessary variance in different sections.The structured analysis of supply chain process variance via the VCP and the key performance indicator“optimal supplier number per sourcing process”are new to company management.
基金funded by Thailand Researchers and Research for Industry Grants(RRi)(Grant No.PHD61I0001)。
文摘White mugwort (Artemisia lactiflora Wall.) is known as a medicinal herb containing phytochemicals with antioxidant and bio-activity.The optimal concentration of ethanol was investigated for extracting polyphenols from the fresh aerial part and dried powder of white mugwort as expressed by total phenolic content (TPC),phenolic compounds,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-adipogenic activity.Among various ethanol concentrations (0,25,50 or 95%) used in the extraction process,the freeze-dried extract from fresh aerial part (FE) extracted with 95% ethanol expressed the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging IC50 of 0.817 ± 0.06 μl/mg dry weight (DW) and FRAP value of 11.40 ± 0.86 mmol Fe(II)/g DW) and the highest TPC (61.46 ± 3.09 mgGAE/g DW).While,the freeze-dried extract from dried powder (PE) exhibited the prominent antioxidant properties (DPPH radical scavenging IC50 of 0.975 ± 0.03 μl/mg DW and FRAP value of 07.60 ± 0.22 mmol Fe(II)/g DW),TPC (48.11 ± 1.45 mgGAE/g DW) when extracted with 50% ethanol.Seven phenolic compounds—two phenolic acids (gallic acid and tannic acid) and five flavonoids (apigenin,isoquercetin,quercetin,rutin,and catechin) were identified in FE and PE using HPLC-DAD/MS.The inflammatory genes were down-regulated in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 monocytes treated with PE,suggesting anti-inflammatory activity.Lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with FE at 60 μ gGAE/mL decreased to 12.8%,while the decrease of 36.8% was detected in PE.Hence,flavonoids were suggested to be responsible for the stronger bioactivity of PE over FE.Moreover,this work originally revealed the investigation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic activity of white mugwort on THP-1 and 3T3-L1 cells.
文摘Angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE)plays a significant role in the regulation of blood pressure via generating angiotensin II(Ang II).Using natural inhibitors to block the activity of ACE is an alternative method to minimize the side effects of commercial drugs,and is a major goal of hypertension management.This study detected the presence of ACE inhibitory peptides in whey protein hydrolysate.The whey protein hydrolysate was separated sequentially by ultrafiltration and RP-HPLC.LC-MS/MS revealed the amino acid sequences of the fractions and four potential ACE inhibitory peptides were selected(PQVSTPTL,MPGP,PMHIR,PPLT)for synthesis.IC50 values of these four peptides were 86±8,179±4,90±6,and 168±4μM,respectively.Then,molecular docking analysis was used to assess how these peptides interact with ACE.PQVSTPTL exhibited the lowest binding energy(6.64 kcal/mol)with the ACE molecule.These four reported peptides were with no allergenicity nor toxicity.These results indicated that whey protein hydrolysate could be a suitable resource for obtaining novel inhibitory peptides against ACE and provides information for obtaining novel ACE inhibitors for hypertension management.
