The significance of gut microbiota(GM)in human health is being increasingly researched.An imbalance in GM composition,known as dysbiosis,is linked to various and other health issues.In addition,antibiotics are the pri...The significance of gut microbiota(GM)in human health is being increasingly researched.An imbalance in GM composition,known as dysbiosis,is linked to various and other health issues.In addition,antibiotics are the primary and most significant factors leading to major changes in the composition and function of the GM,which may result in colonization by antimicrobial-resistant(AMR)pathogens.Therefore,alternative antibiotic strategies for combating AMR pathogens are urgently needed.This narrative review highlights current knowledge regarding various pertinent strategies for decolonizing bacterial pathogens from GM and emphasizes decolonization therapies’critical role in pediatric surgical disorders.Strategies such as decontamination of the digestive tract utilizing antibiotics,the use of probiotics,and particularly fecal microbiota transplantation have introduced new options for clinical treatment.These treatments show the potential to restore GM balance and have demonstrated advantages for intestinal disorders related to pediatric surgery,including inflammatory bowel disease,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis,and short bowel syndrome.Despite GM therapeutics,recent strategies are still in their developmental phase and exhibit challenges that need further research.Thus,potential future directions for GMtargeted decolonization therapies are under consideration.Innovative alternative strategies to combat AMR though GM modulation in disorders related to pediatric surgery appear to be promising and should continue to be prioritized for further research and development.展开更多
Acute alithiasic cholecystitis (AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. It is a rare pathology in children. The aim was to describe the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic ch...Acute alithiasic cholecystitis (AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. It is a rare pathology in children. The aim was to describe the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of this disease. Materials and Method: This was a 3-year retrospective study (January 2008 to December 2010) including 66 patient records collected for CAA. Results: The frequency of AAC was 3.57%, the mean age of the patients was 8 ± 3.52 years, and there were 36 boys and 30 girls. The main clinical features were right hypochondrial pain (66 cases), positive Murphy’s (66 cases), fever (53 cases) and jaundice or sub-jaundice (51 cases). The main ultrasound signs were thickened vesicular wall 50 cas (75.76%), vesicular distension 50cas (75.76%) and positive ultrasound Murphy 47 cas (71.21%). Medical treatment was exclusive in 64 patients (96.97%) and surgical treatment in 2 patients (3.03%). Conclusion: Acute alithiasic cholecystitis is a rare pathology in children, the clinical picture is not very specific and abdominal ultrasound is the key to early diagnosis. Conservative treatment is the first choice in the absence of any complications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pediatric short bowel syndrome(SBS)poses management challenges,and teduglutide is a potential therapy.However,comprehensive data on its pediatric safety are lacking.AIM To evaluate the impact of teduglutide...BACKGROUND Pediatric short bowel syndrome(SBS)poses management challenges,and teduglutide is a potential therapy.However,comprehensive data on its pediatric safety are lacking.AIM To evaluate the impact of teduglutide on infection and gastrointestinal adverse events in pediatric SBS patients via systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS Following PRISMA 2009 guidelines and PROSPERO registration,we searched PubMed,Web of Science,and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(pediatric SBS patients≤18 years;teduglutide vs placebo/standard care).Two reviewers screened studies,extracted data,and assessed bias(ROB2).Metaanalyses used RevMan 5.4(Mantel-Haenszel method,random-effects if I^(2)≠0).Trial sequential analysis and GRADE were applied.RESULTS Three RCTs involving 115 pediatric patients were included.Pooled analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the teduglutide and control groups for the primary outcome of infection events[RR=0.83;(95%CI:0.44-1.56);P=0.57;I^(2)=0%;2 studies,n=55].Similarly,no significant differences were found for secondary outcomes:Upper respiratory tract infection[RR=0.68;(95%CI:0.32-1.47);P=0.33;I^(2)=0%],catheter site infection[RR=1.86;(95%CI:0.23-14.78);P=0.56;I^(2)=0%],vomiting[RR=1.35;(95%CI:0.10-18.23);P=0.82;I^(2)=72%],abdominal pain[RR=2.47;(95%CI:0.50-12.16);P=0.27;I^(2)=0%],nausea[RR=1.31;(95%CI:0.24-7.22);P=0.75;I^(2)=0%],diarrhea[RR=1.02;(95%CI:0.23-4.43);P=0.98;I^(2)=0%],and abdominal distension[RR=1.49;(95%CI:0.18-12.35);P=0.71;I^(2)=0%].The overall certainty of evidence assessed by GRADE was moderate.CONCLUSION Teduglutide does not increase infection or gastrointestinal adverse event risk in pediatric SBS,but small sample sizes limit conclusions.Larger studies are needed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal diseases in young children are often anatomic or inflammatory in nature and can present with symptoms similar to those of Cow’s milk protein allergy(CMPA),complicating diagnosis.This case ...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal diseases in young children are often anatomic or inflammatory in nature and can present with symptoms similar to those of Cow’s milk protein allergy(CMPA),complicating diagnosis.This case series highlights 3 pediatric patients initially misdiagnosed with CMPA,emphasizing the need for a thorough evaluation.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 3-year-old child with chronic abdominal distension and constipation was initially treated for CMPA and was later diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease through rectal biopsy.Surgical intervention involved a laparoscopic colostomy followed by a pull-through procedure,leading to a successful recovery.Case 2:A 2-month-old infant presented with greenish-yellow vomiting and abdominal distension.Initially misdiagnosed with CMPA,further investigation using barium studies revealed partial intestinal malrotation.The patient underwent a laparoscopic Ladd’s procedure and recovered well.Case 3:A 6-month-old infant with persistent vomiting and failure to thrive had been treated for CMPA.Detailed imaging studies indicated achalasia.The child underwent a Heller myotomy,which resulted in significant symptom improvement and weight gain CONCLUSION Thorough evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms is necessary in children.A high suspicion for alternative diagnoses will prevent delays in accurate diagnosis and proper treatment,leading to improved outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)represents an innovative,protocoldriven perioperative care program designed to optimize patient outcomes.However,its application and efficacy in infants and children wit...BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)represents an innovative,protocoldriven perioperative care program designed to optimize patient outcomes.However,its application and efficacy in infants and children with Hirschsprung disease(HD)remain underexplored.AIM To delve into the impact of ERAS on perioperative recovery and the overall medical experience in HD infants and children.METHODS Thirty-eight infants and children with HD who received the Soave surgical procedure were enrolled in this case-control study.According to age-and sexstratified single-blind randomized tables,20 cases received ERAS treatment(ERAS group)and 18 cases received conventional treatment(control group).The two treatments were then compared in terms of perioperative recovery and medical experience.RESULTS Significant differences were observed in pain scores at awakening(4.2±1.3 vs 5.2±1.2,t=2.516,P=0.017)and pain duration(85.69±7.46 hours vs 67.00±8.56 hours,t=7.139,P<0.001)between the ERAS and control group.The recovery of bowel movement was earlier in the ERAS group than in the control group(borborygmus time:33.63±9.83 hours vs 44.69±16.85 hours,t=2.501,P=0.017;feeding time:36.63±9.55 hours vs 49.36±16.99 hours,t=2.884,P=0.007;anal catheter indwelling time:75.83±13.80 hours vs 93.36±20.65 hours,t=3.104,P=0.004),and fever duration(40.73±14.42 hours vs 52.63±18.69 hours,t=2.211,P=0.034).In the ERAS group,hospital stay was shorter(7.5±0.9 days vs 8.3±1.2 days)and the cost was lower(14203±2381 yuan vs 16847±3558 yuan).During the 1-month follow-up period,of the multiple postoperative complications observed,the occurrence of perianal dermatitis(PFisher=0.016)and defecation dysfunction(PFisher=0.027)were lower in the ERAS group than in the control group.CONCLUSION The ERAS protocol has the potential to profoundly enhance postoperative recovery and significantly elevate the overall comfort and quality of the medical experience,making it an indispensable approach that warrants widespread adoption.Continuous refinement through evidence-based practices is anticipated to further optimize its efficacy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)guidelines have been established for multiple types of adult surgeries.However,ERAS guidelines tailored to pediatric surgeries remain to be developed.AIM To evaluate the...BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)guidelines have been established for multiple types of adult surgeries.However,ERAS guidelines tailored to pediatric surgeries remain to be developed.AIM To evaluate the clinical outcomes of ERAS protocols in pediatric laparoscopic Meckel’s diverticulum resection.METHODS This retrospective cohort study analyzed 78 consecutive pediatric cases treated between January 2017 and March 2025.Patients were divided into:Traditional care group(n=38):January 2017-December 2020;ERAS protocol group(n=40):January 2021-March 2025.We compared perioperative outcomes,including clinical recovery parameters and laboratory markers,to assess protocol efficacy.RESULTS All procedures were completed laparoscopically by the same surgical team without conversion.Baseline characteristics,including demographics,diverticulum location,and intraoperative parameters(operative time,blood loss),were comparable between groups(all P>0.05).The ERAS protocol demonstrated significantly shorter postoperative length of stay(7.55±1.52 days vs 10.40±3.59 days,P<0.001)while complication rates were numerically lower in the ERAS group(17.50%vs 13.16%,P=0.595).Additional benefits of ERAS implementation included:Reduced intravenous fluid requirements(5.00 mL/kg/hour vs 8.00 mL/kg/hour),accelerated gastrointestinal recovery(first flatus:2.00 days vs 3.00 days),lower pain scores(P<0.001),earlier total enteral nutrition achievement(5.00 days vs 6.50 days)and shorter intravenous therapy duration(6.00 days vs 8.00 days;all P<0.001).ERAS patients also showed reduced drainage utilization(P<0.05)and improved inflammatory marker profiles postoperatively[neutrophils:(5.98±2.02)×10^(9)/L vs(8.01±3.98)×10^(9)/L];median Creactive protein:13.6 mg/L 7 vs 19.63 mg/L).Glycemic control was superior in the ERAS group despite higher induction levels(both P<0.05).Parental satisfaction(92.50%vs 86.84%)and 30-day readmission rates(2.50%vs 2.63%)showed no significant differences.CONCLUSION ERAS protocols safely optimize recovery in children undergoing laparoscopic Meckel’s diverticulum resection,significantly reducing length of stay while improving pain management and overall clinical outcomes.These findings support the adoption of ERAS in pediatric intestinal surgery.展开更多
The anatomy of the human liver is complex,and the vascular system is highly variable.Moreover,the use of traditional com-puted tomography(CT)two-dimensional(2D)images to recon-struct the tissue and organs requires exp...The anatomy of the human liver is complex,and the vascular system is highly variable.Moreover,the use of traditional com-puted tomography(CT)two-dimensional(2D)images to recon-struct the tissue and organs requires experienced doctors and lim-its the sharing and discussion of therapeutic plans[1].展开更多
BACKGROUND Surgery and percutaneous radiological methods[puncture,aspiration,injection,re-aspiration(PAIR)]are the current invasive treatment strategies for patients with hepatic hydatid cyst(HHC).Biliary leak is a co...BACKGROUND Surgery and percutaneous radiological methods[puncture,aspiration,injection,re-aspiration(PAIR)]are the current invasive treatment strategies for patients with hepatic hydatid cyst(HHC).Biliary leak is a common complication in patients who underwent these treatments of HHC.Bile leak should be treated effectively as uncontrolled biliary fistula may lead to life-treating conditions such as severe cholangitis,intraabdominal abscesses and septicemia.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)has become the main treatment of post-interventional biliary fistula.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ERCP in the management of biliary fistula following HHC-related surgery or PAIR.METHODS We evaluated data of patients who developed bile leakage following HHC-related interventions from endemic area during the period of March 2017 and February 2025.We included 88 patients(50 female,57%)with a median age of 33 years(range:8-83 years)at the time of ERCP.Bile leak occurred following surgery in 72(82%)patients and after PAIR in 16(18%)patients.Low-grade leakage(<400 mL/day)was identified in 46(52%)patients.RESULTS Initial mode of ERCP was endoscopic sphincterotomy(ES)with biliary drainage(plastic stent or nasobiliary drain)in 73(83%)patients and ES alone in remaining 15(17%)patients.Six patients who initially treated by ES alone had persistent fistula and underwent repeat ERCP with stent placement.ERCP type(ES+biliary stenting)and fistula flow rate(<400 mL/day)were significantly associated with 20-days complete closure of the fistula[P=0.020;odds ratio(OR)=5.27,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.30-21.37]and(P=0.008;OR=3.43,95%CI:1.37-8.55),respectively.ERCP-related complications were mild pancreatitis in 5(5.9%)patients and minor bleeding in 4(4.7%)patients and mild-moderate cholangitis in 4(4.7%)patients.CONCLUSION This case based-study from endemic area demonstrates that ERCP is highly effective and safe for managing bile leakage following both surgery and PAIR.ES+biliary stenting seems better mode of ERCP procedure.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of laparoscopic-resection of the abdominal cystic lymphangiomas in Pediatric Surgery and describe the morbidity associated to this management in Queen fabiola...Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of laparoscopic-resection of the abdominal cystic lymphangiomas in Pediatric Surgery and describe the morbidity associated to this management in Queen fabiola children’s university hospital (HUDERF) in Brussels. Methods: We retrospectively conducted a study at the Pediatric Surgery Department of HUDERF, Brussels. The studied period was from January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2024;a span of 10 years. All patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cystic lymphangiomas and who underwent laparoscopic surgery were included in our study. Those who have been operated exclusively by open surgery have been excluded. The technique involved either total laparoscopic resection or laparoscopic-assisted with extra-abdominal resection of the tumor. Parameters that were studied included age, sex, weight, symptoms, preoperative diagnosis, imaging assessment, location, size of the tumor, type of mass, surgical procedure, duration of the surgery, conversion to open surgery, morbidity, and histopathology. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and SPSS. Results: We retrieved 10 files of patients presenting with abdominal cystic lymphangiomas within two patients underwent exclusive open surgery and have excluded from our study. Then our sample was constituted with 8 patients. The mean age of the patients was 6.4 years (standard deviation: 3.6 years, range: 1 to 11 years). Male patients were predominant. The mean weight was 26.7 kg (standard deviation: 14.7 kg, range: 10 to 55 kg). The most common symptom was abdominal pain. Preoperative diagnosis of abdominal cystic lymphangioma was made in 8 cases. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in all patients. MRI was done in 5 patients, and CT scan in 2 patients. All patients presented a multicystic mass. Pure laparoscopic resection of the cyst was done in 2 cases. Laparoscopic-assisted resection in 4 cases (with extra-peritoneal with small bowel resection and mesenteric detorsion in 1 case), and conversion in 2 cases due to the complex location of the cyst. After a follow-up period of 5 years, morbidity was noted in one patient (Patient 3) who developed postoperative bowel obstruction 1 month post-surgery. This patient was re-operated on with a favorable clinical outcome following conventional small bowel resection and anastomosis. The other patients (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) had a simple clinical course, and no recurrence was observed in our series. Conclusion: Laparoscopic-resection of the abdominal cystic lymphangiomas is feasible in Pediatric Surgery. As minimally invasive surgery it gives many advantages even for complex abdominal cystic lymphangiomas with less morbidity as shown in our series.展开更多
Background: Cleft lip and/or palate are the most common orofacial malformations. Many studies, especially in developed countries have been conducted on this malformation, but in Burkina Faso, data are scarce and they ...Background: Cleft lip and/or palate are the most common orofacial malformations. Many studies, especially in developed countries have been conducted on this malformation, but in Burkina Faso, data are scarce and they are not specific to children. The aim of this study was to report the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of cleft lip and/or palate in children in a low-income country. Materials and Method: The authors conducted a retrospective descriptive study based on data of three humanitarian missions of pediatric reconstructive facial surgery which took place in 2007, 2010 and 2014 at Clinique El Fateh-Suka in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. All children of 0 - 14 years of age, presenting with cleft lip and/or palate, were included in the study. Results: A total of 185 cases of cleft lip and/or palate were seen during these three humanitarian surgery missions. There were 100 boys and 85 girls. The average age of the children was 2.4 ± 3.2 years [0 - 12 years];there were 8.7% newborns. The commonest type of cleft was cleft lip and palate (49.7%) followed by isolated cleft lip (48.7%) and isolated cleft palate (1.6%). The left side was the most affected (49.2%). In 21.1% of cases, clefts were associated with other congenital malformations. In total, 150 of 185 (81.1%) children underwent surgery and there were no postoperative complications reported. Conclusions: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cleft lip and/or palate observed in this study are not very different from those described elsewhere in Africa. However, in our conditions, there are circumstances and structural factors which hinder the diagnosis and constitute challenges that must be addressed for adequate management of this congenital, highly disfiguring malformation.展开更多
Introduction: Cancellation of elective surgery is common in developing countries. This decision is difficult to make as it generates economic and organizational consequences for the healthcare facility and an addition...Introduction: Cancellation of elective surgery is common in developing countries. This decision is difficult to make as it generates economic and organizational consequences for the healthcare facility and an additional source of stress for patients and their caregivers. This study aimed to analyze the various aspects of this medical problem. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective and descriptive study over six months (from January 1st, 2017, to June 30th, 2017) at the pediatric surgery department of Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital in Senegal. Results: Ninety-one cases were collected. The cancellation rate was 20.8%. Infants were affected in 36.3% of cases. Among anesthesiologists, 83.5% were residents, and 16.5% were specialists. Cancellation in nephroblastoma children with an indication for extended nephrectomy represented 15.4% of cases. Concerning reasons for cancellation, comorbidities, dominated by respiratory infections, accounted for 28.5% of cases, patient absences for 24.2%, and issues related to the anesthesiologist for 17.6%. Cancellations were avoidable in 33% of cases. Patients were responsible for cancellation in 37.4% of cases, the healthcare system in 33%, and medical reasons in 29.7%. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that one-third of cancellations could have been avoided with improvements in the healthcare system. Actions should be taken to reduce the cancellation rate in our context.展开更多
Inguinal hernia in children is a congenital pathology in children linked to the persistence of the peritoneo-vaginal canal in children and the NüCK canal in girls;persisting into adulthood. This work aimed to stu...Inguinal hernia in children is a congenital pathology in children linked to the persistence of the peritoneo-vaginal canal in children and the NüCK canal in girls;persisting into adulthood. This work aimed to study inguinal hernia in children in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of the Bamako District;to determine the frequency of inguinal hernia;describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of inguinal hernias and in order to evaluate the cost of treatment. This was a prospective study from April 2017 to March 2018 during which 60 children with an inguinal hernia were collected. Inguinal hernias in children represented 9.23% of patients operated on in the department. The average age was 59.23 months with extremes of one month and 180 months and a standard deviation of 49.23 years. The male sex was dominant with a sex ratio equal to 9:1. The notion of prematurity was found in 11.7% and was associated with a testicle not in place in 1.7% of cases. 41.7% of our patients were referred by a doctor and 66.7% of patients presented with painless, intermittent inguino-scrotal swelling (83.3% of cases). The hernia was discovered before one week of life in 50% of cases. Inguinal swelling was absent in 11.7% but observed intraoperatively. The inguinal hernia was unilateral in 91.7% of cases and 70% of hernias were discovered by the parents during pushing efforts. The inguinal hernia was located on the right in 61.7% of cases. The hernia swelling was soft, painless, impulsive and reducible in 78.3% of cases. The swelling was inguino-scrotal in 58.3% of cases. The hernia was simple in 95% of patients and hernial strangulation was observed in 3 cases or 5% of cases. 98.3% of patients were ASA I. The treatment was carried out openly in all our patients including closure of the vaginal peritoneal canal in 95% of cases under general anesthesia in 98.3% of cases. The morbidity rate was 8.4% (surgical site infection: 6.7% of cases and hematoma: 1.7%). The immediate consequences were simple in 96.6% of cases. No cases of recurrence occurred during the 6 months after the intervention. The average cost of care was estimated at 69,743 FCFA.展开更多
Background:The European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association(ECHSA)Congenital Heart Surgery Database(CHSD)was founded in 1999 and is open for worldwide participation.The current dataset includes a large amount of sur...Background:The European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association(ECHSA)Congenital Heart Surgery Database(CHSD)was founded in 1999 and is open for worldwide participation.The current dataset includes a large amount of surgical data from both Europe and China.The purpose of this analysis is to compare patterns of practice and outcomes among pediatric congenital heart defect surgeries in Europe and China using the ECHSA-CHSD.Methods:We examined all European(125 centers,58,261 operations)and Chinese(13 centers,23,920 operations)data in the ECHSA-CHSD from 2006-2018.Operative mortality,postoperative length of stay,median patient age and weight were calculated for the ten benchmark operations for China and Europe,respectively.Results:Benchmark procedure distribution frequencies differed between Europe and China.In China,ventricular septal defect repair comprised approximately 70%of procedures,while Norwood operations comprised less than one percent of all procedures.Neonatal cardiac procedures were rare in China overall.For procedures in STAT mortality category 1,Chinese centers had lower operative mortality rates,while procedures in categories 3 and 5 mortality is lower in European centers.Operative mortality over the time period decreased from 3.89%to 1.64%for the whole cohort,with a sharper decline in China.This drop coincides with an increase of submitted procedures over this 13-year-period.Conclusion:Chinese centers had higher programmatic volume of congenital heart surgeries,while European centers have a more complex case mix.Palliation for patients with functionally univentricular heart was performed less commonly in China.These comparison of patterns of practice and outcomes demonstrate opportunities for continuing bidirectional transcontinental collaboration and quality improvement.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Early bacterial neonatal infection (INBP) or maternofetal infe...<strong>Objective:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Early bacterial neonatal infection (INBP) or maternofetal infection (early neonatal sepsis) remains a concern of the pediatrician due to diagnostic difficulties and its increased morbidity and mortality. No study has been done in Mali on the profile of newborns admitted for INBP with positive CRP, hence the initiation of this work with the aim of studying the epidemiological, biological and bacteriological profile of newborns with a bacterial maternal-fetal infection. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Longitudinal study descriptive (from 27 June to 3 September 2016) which concerned all newborns aged from 0 to 72 hours of life hospitalized for confirmed early bacterial neonatal infection with a positive C</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reactive protein (CRP) in the neonatal department of the CHU Gabriel Touré. INBP was defined by the presence of maternal and neonatal infectious risk factors, positivity of CRP with a germ in the blood culture. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> During the study period we included 244 newborns for probable maternofetal infection and who benefited from the CRP assay, 43 had a positive CRP, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a frequency of 17.62%. The sex ratio was 2.30. The majority had a low birth weight (<2500</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">g) in 69.8% of cases. Mothers were aged 18 to 35 in 93%. The majority were out of school (43.8%) and housewives in 74.4%. The main reasons for consultations were prematurity and/or low birth weight, respiratory distress and neonatal distress, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">46.5%, 25.6% and 11.6% respectively. Among the 43 newborns with a positive CRP, the blood culture returned p</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ositive in 79.1% (n = 34). We deplore 2 deaths (4.7%). The main bacteria were gram-positive cocci (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Staphylococcus aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 53.01% and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Streptococccus agalactiae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 4.10%), gram-negative bacilli (GNB) type </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 11.25% and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> at 5.70%) and non-fermentativ</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">GNB</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2.80% and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Acinetobacter baumannii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> complex </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.24%). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Maternal-fetal infection is a hospital pathology frequently encountered in the neonatal period. Its clinical presentation is dominated by respiratory distress, neurological disorders and low birth weight.</span></span>展开更多
Traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)is a type of serrated polyp of the colorectum and is thought to be a precancerous lesion.There are three types of serrated polyps,namely,hyperplastic polyps,sessile serrated adenomas/p...Traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)is a type of serrated polyp of the colorectum and is thought to be a precancerous lesion.There are three types of serrated polyps,namely,hyperplastic polyps,sessile serrated adenomas/polyps,and TSAs.TSA is the least common of the three types and accounts for about 5% of serrated polyps.Here we report a pediatric case of TSA that was successfully resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).This rare case report describes a pediatric patient with no family history of colonic polyp who was admitted to our hospital with hematochezia.On colonoscopy,we found a polypoid lesion measuring 10 mm in diameter in the lower rectum.We selected ESD as a surgical option for en bloc resection,and histopathological examination revealed TSA.The findings in this case suggest that TSA with precancerous potential can occur in children,and that ESD is useful for treating this lesion.展开更多
Alagille syndrome （AGS） is a multisystem disorder and caused by mutations in JAG1 or NOTCH2 gene. The diagnosis of AGS is hampered by its highly variable clinical manifestations. We performed a retrospective analysi...Alagille syndrome （AGS） is a multisystem disorder and caused by mutations in JAG1 or NOTCH2 gene. The diagnosis of AGS is hampered by its highly variable clinical manifestations. We performed a retrospective analysis on 16 children diagnosed as having AGS in recent five years in our hospital. Cholestasis was seen in 15 patients （93.8%）, heart disease in 12 （75%）, characteristic facies in 7 （43.8%）, and butterfly vertebrae in 7 （43.8%）. Ophthalmology examination was not performed on all the patients. Further, serum biochemical parameters were compared between AGS and 16 biliary atresia （BA） patients who were confirmed by surgery. Elevated liver enzymes were seen in all the patients. Serum total cholesterol （TC） （P=0.0007）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT） （P=0.0056）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） （P=0.0114）, gamma-glutamyl transferase （GGT） （P=0.035） and total bile acid （TBA） levels （P=0.042） were significantly elevated in AGS patients compared to those in BA cases. However, there were no significant differences in serum total bilirubin （TB）, conjugated bilirubin （CB） and albumin （ALB） between the two groups. We identified 14 different JAG1 gene variations and 1 NOTCH2 gene mutation in 16 Chinese AGS patients. Our study suggested clinical features of AGS are highly variable and not all patients meet the classical diagnostic criteria. It was suggested that hypercholesterolaemia and significantly elevated GGT, TBA and ALT may be helpful to diagnose AGS. Genetic testing is integral in the diagnosis of AGS.展开更多
Objective: To present a model of extended home nursing support provided through WeChat for pediatric colostomy patients between the first and second surgery to support parents and to assist them in nursing possible co...Objective: To present a model of extended home nursing support provided through WeChat for pediatric colostomy patients between the first and second surgery to support parents and to assist them in nursing possible complications at home, to reduce colostomy complications caused by improper care, to improve the quality of life of patients at home and to ensure the success of the recovery and second surgery. Methods: A combination of relevant clinical information, health care guidelines, and training as well as the establishment of a specific monitoring protocol was provided to the parents during the patient’ s first hospitalization. A support system for nursing the colostomy was established with regular follow-up via WeChat after the patient’ s first discharge from the hospital using a predetermined protocol. During the 3 to 6 months of home care in-between the colostomy operations, the charge nurse initiated the phone follow-up and provided specific, individual guidance and feedback. If necessary, extended serv-ice at predetermined intervals was provided in the 1st week, the 1st month, the 2nd month and the 3rd month. Results: Extended assistance for the home care of patients with pediatric colostomy complications im-proved the quality of life of the patients and caregivers and was accepted by all parties involved upon in-troduction. The assistance provided support for the parents at all hours, efficiently reduced the level of complications for this type of patient and facilitated fast referrals to hospital care in cases of emergen-cies. Furthermore it paved the way to successful second stage surgeries, provided direct feedback to the charge nurse and improved the work satisfaction and sense of achievement of the nurses involved. Conclusions: All 80 cases supported by WeChat successfully underwent two-stage pediatric colostomy operations. The response of the parents and the medical staff involved was very positive. This method is easy to use, economical to operate and could be applied generally to support home care.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inguinal hernia is a common clinical manifestation in children with a low selfhealing rate.AIM To determine the effect of laparoscopic surgery on indirect inguinal hernia and the risk factors for postoperat...BACKGROUND Inguinal hernia is a common clinical manifestation in children with a low selfhealing rate.AIM To determine the effect of laparoscopic surgery on indirect inguinal hernia and the risk factors for postoperative recurrence and to provide a reference for the clinical treatment and prevention of recurrence.METHODS We selected 360 children who underwent laparoscopic high ligation in our hospital as the laparoscopic group and 120 patients treated for inguinal hernia with conventional surgery as the control group.The operation time,blood loss,incision length,hospitalization time,total hospitalization cost and surgical complications were compared between the two groups.According to telephone follow-up or return visits,the children who had recurrence within 2 years after the operation in the laparoscopic group were analyzed,and the laparoscopic high ligation hernia sac level was analyzed by the logistic multifactor method.Ligation was used to treat recurrence in children with inguinal hernia.RESULTS The operation time,blood loss,length of incision,and length of hospital stay in the laparoscopic group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total hospitalization cost in the laparoscopic group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The operative complication rate was 1.67%lower than that in the control group(12.50%)(P<0.05).In 360 children with laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac,14 patients had recurrence within 2 years after surgery.After analysis,14 cases in the recurrence group did not recur.The preoperative incarceration rate,inner ring diameter,ligature use and age difference were statistically significant(P<0.05).According to logistic regression multivariate analysis,an inner ring diameter≥1.0 cm,the use of an absorbable ligature line and age>3 years increased the risk of postoperative recurrence in children with inguinal hernia after laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Laparoscopic surgery for indirect inguinal hernia in children has the advantages of low trauma and a rapid postoperative recovery.An inner ring diameter≥1.0 cm,the use of absorbable ligature,and age>3 years may increase the risk of recurrence after laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac.展开更多
AIM: To study that inflammatory fibroid polyps(IFPs) in children are extremely uncommon tumors that may occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: A systematic review of the pediatric literature and a repor...AIM: To study that inflammatory fibroid polyps(IFPs) in children are extremely uncommon tumors that may occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: A systematic review of the pediatric literature and a report of a new case of IFP is also pres-ented. The Pub Med database was searched for original studies on pediatric IFPs since 1960, according to "Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses" guidelines for systematic reviews. RESULTS: Five studies were finally enclosed, encompassing 6 children with IFPs(mean age 64 mo). Tumors were located in the stomach(2 patients), in the small bowel(2 patients), in the rectum(1 patient) and in the colon(1 patient). Open surgery was performed in all patients and complete excision of the mass was achieved in all cases. All patients are alive and free of symptom. Authors described a further case of a 3-year-old boy with a large duodenal IFP, in whom the tumor was removed by "en block resection". The presence of IFP throughout the gastrointestinal tract and its variable clinical appearances make it difficult to diagnose. An accurate pre-operative assessment is fundamental in order to differentiate IFP from other more aggressive gastrointestinal tumor, enabling unnecessary demolitive surgery. CONCLUSION: When complete resection of the IFP is achieved, the prognosis is excellent.展开更多
BACKGROUND Perioperative nursing can reduce the stress reaction and improve the prognosis of children.AIM To elucidate the influence of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)...BACKGROUND Perioperative nursing can reduce the stress reaction and improve the prognosis of children.AIM To elucidate the influence of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with family care in perioperative nursing children with an inguinal hernia and its impact on the prognosis.METHODS The data of 100 children with inguinal hernia were retrospectively analyzed.The participants were divided into three groups according to different nursing methods:Groups A(n=38),B(n=32),and C(n=30).Group A received multidisciplinary collaborative ERAS nursing combined with family care nursing;Group B received multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for ERAS;and Group C received routine nursing.The postoperative recovery results of the three groups were compared,including intraoperative blood loss and postoperative feeding time,time of getting out of bed,hospitalization time,and defecation time.Furthermore,the incidence of common complications was also compared between the three groups.RESULTS There was less intraoperative blood loss in Groups A and B than in Group C(P<0.05),and the time of getting out of bed and postoperative hospitalization and defecation times were also decreased in Group C(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative feeding time among the three groups(P>0.05).Each index had no statistical significance between Groups A and B(P>0.05).The incidence of urinary retention,infection,hematoma,and hernia recurrence in Group A was less than that in Group C(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the overall complication rate between Groups A and B and between Groups B and C(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing combined with family care in the perioperative care of children with an inguinal hernia for ERAS may promote postoperative rehabilitation for children and reduce the incidence of complications.展开更多
文摘The significance of gut microbiota(GM)in human health is being increasingly researched.An imbalance in GM composition,known as dysbiosis,is linked to various and other health issues.In addition,antibiotics are the primary and most significant factors leading to major changes in the composition and function of the GM,which may result in colonization by antimicrobial-resistant(AMR)pathogens.Therefore,alternative antibiotic strategies for combating AMR pathogens are urgently needed.This narrative review highlights current knowledge regarding various pertinent strategies for decolonizing bacterial pathogens from GM and emphasizes decolonization therapies’critical role in pediatric surgical disorders.Strategies such as decontamination of the digestive tract utilizing antibiotics,the use of probiotics,and particularly fecal microbiota transplantation have introduced new options for clinical treatment.These treatments show the potential to restore GM balance and have demonstrated advantages for intestinal disorders related to pediatric surgery,including inflammatory bowel disease,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis,and short bowel syndrome.Despite GM therapeutics,recent strategies are still in their developmental phase and exhibit challenges that need further research.Thus,potential future directions for GMtargeted decolonization therapies are under consideration.Innovative alternative strategies to combat AMR though GM modulation in disorders related to pediatric surgery appear to be promising and should continue to be prioritized for further research and development.
文摘Acute alithiasic cholecystitis (AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. It is a rare pathology in children. The aim was to describe the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of this disease. Materials and Method: This was a 3-year retrospective study (January 2008 to December 2010) including 66 patient records collected for CAA. Results: The frequency of AAC was 3.57%, the mean age of the patients was 8 ± 3.52 years, and there were 36 boys and 30 girls. The main clinical features were right hypochondrial pain (66 cases), positive Murphy’s (66 cases), fever (53 cases) and jaundice or sub-jaundice (51 cases). The main ultrasound signs were thickened vesicular wall 50 cas (75.76%), vesicular distension 50cas (75.76%) and positive ultrasound Murphy 47 cas (71.21%). Medical treatment was exclusive in 64 patients (96.97%) and surgical treatment in 2 patients (3.03%). Conclusion: Acute alithiasic cholecystitis is a rare pathology in children, the clinical picture is not very specific and abdominal ultrasound is the key to early diagnosis. Conservative treatment is the first choice in the absence of any complications.
文摘BACKGROUND Pediatric short bowel syndrome(SBS)poses management challenges,and teduglutide is a potential therapy.However,comprehensive data on its pediatric safety are lacking.AIM To evaluate the impact of teduglutide on infection and gastrointestinal adverse events in pediatric SBS patients via systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS Following PRISMA 2009 guidelines and PROSPERO registration,we searched PubMed,Web of Science,and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)(pediatric SBS patients≤18 years;teduglutide vs placebo/standard care).Two reviewers screened studies,extracted data,and assessed bias(ROB2).Metaanalyses used RevMan 5.4(Mantel-Haenszel method,random-effects if I^(2)≠0).Trial sequential analysis and GRADE were applied.RESULTS Three RCTs involving 115 pediatric patients were included.Pooled analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the teduglutide and control groups for the primary outcome of infection events[RR=0.83;(95%CI:0.44-1.56);P=0.57;I^(2)=0%;2 studies,n=55].Similarly,no significant differences were found for secondary outcomes:Upper respiratory tract infection[RR=0.68;(95%CI:0.32-1.47);P=0.33;I^(2)=0%],catheter site infection[RR=1.86;(95%CI:0.23-14.78);P=0.56;I^(2)=0%],vomiting[RR=1.35;(95%CI:0.10-18.23);P=0.82;I^(2)=72%],abdominal pain[RR=2.47;(95%CI:0.50-12.16);P=0.27;I^(2)=0%],nausea[RR=1.31;(95%CI:0.24-7.22);P=0.75;I^(2)=0%],diarrhea[RR=1.02;(95%CI:0.23-4.43);P=0.98;I^(2)=0%],and abdominal distension[RR=1.49;(95%CI:0.18-12.35);P=0.71;I^(2)=0%].The overall certainty of evidence assessed by GRADE was moderate.CONCLUSION Teduglutide does not increase infection or gastrointestinal adverse event risk in pediatric SBS,but small sample sizes limit conclusions.Larger studies are needed.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal diseases in young children are often anatomic or inflammatory in nature and can present with symptoms similar to those of Cow’s milk protein allergy(CMPA),complicating diagnosis.This case series highlights 3 pediatric patients initially misdiagnosed with CMPA,emphasizing the need for a thorough evaluation.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 3-year-old child with chronic abdominal distension and constipation was initially treated for CMPA and was later diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease through rectal biopsy.Surgical intervention involved a laparoscopic colostomy followed by a pull-through procedure,leading to a successful recovery.Case 2:A 2-month-old infant presented with greenish-yellow vomiting and abdominal distension.Initially misdiagnosed with CMPA,further investigation using barium studies revealed partial intestinal malrotation.The patient underwent a laparoscopic Ladd’s procedure and recovered well.Case 3:A 6-month-old infant with persistent vomiting and failure to thrive had been treated for CMPA.Detailed imaging studies indicated achalasia.The child underwent a Heller myotomy,which resulted in significant symptom improvement and weight gain CONCLUSION Thorough evaluation of gastrointestinal symptoms is necessary in children.A high suspicion for alternative diagnoses will prevent delays in accurate diagnosis and proper treatment,leading to improved outcomes.
基金Supported by the Project of Mianyang Central Hospital,School of Medicine,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,No.2021YJ005the Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province,China,No.2019YJ0701。
文摘BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)represents an innovative,protocoldriven perioperative care program designed to optimize patient outcomes.However,its application and efficacy in infants and children with Hirschsprung disease(HD)remain underexplored.AIM To delve into the impact of ERAS on perioperative recovery and the overall medical experience in HD infants and children.METHODS Thirty-eight infants and children with HD who received the Soave surgical procedure were enrolled in this case-control study.According to age-and sexstratified single-blind randomized tables,20 cases received ERAS treatment(ERAS group)and 18 cases received conventional treatment(control group).The two treatments were then compared in terms of perioperative recovery and medical experience.RESULTS Significant differences were observed in pain scores at awakening(4.2±1.3 vs 5.2±1.2,t=2.516,P=0.017)and pain duration(85.69±7.46 hours vs 67.00±8.56 hours,t=7.139,P<0.001)between the ERAS and control group.The recovery of bowel movement was earlier in the ERAS group than in the control group(borborygmus time:33.63±9.83 hours vs 44.69±16.85 hours,t=2.501,P=0.017;feeding time:36.63±9.55 hours vs 49.36±16.99 hours,t=2.884,P=0.007;anal catheter indwelling time:75.83±13.80 hours vs 93.36±20.65 hours,t=3.104,P=0.004),and fever duration(40.73±14.42 hours vs 52.63±18.69 hours,t=2.211,P=0.034).In the ERAS group,hospital stay was shorter(7.5±0.9 days vs 8.3±1.2 days)and the cost was lower(14203±2381 yuan vs 16847±3558 yuan).During the 1-month follow-up period,of the multiple postoperative complications observed,the occurrence of perianal dermatitis(PFisher=0.016)and defecation dysfunction(PFisher=0.027)were lower in the ERAS group than in the control group.CONCLUSION The ERAS protocol has the potential to profoundly enhance postoperative recovery and significantly elevate the overall comfort and quality of the medical experience,making it an indispensable approach that warrants widespread adoption.Continuous refinement through evidence-based practices is anticipated to further optimize its efficacy.
文摘BACKGROUND Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)guidelines have been established for multiple types of adult surgeries.However,ERAS guidelines tailored to pediatric surgeries remain to be developed.AIM To evaluate the clinical outcomes of ERAS protocols in pediatric laparoscopic Meckel’s diverticulum resection.METHODS This retrospective cohort study analyzed 78 consecutive pediatric cases treated between January 2017 and March 2025.Patients were divided into:Traditional care group(n=38):January 2017-December 2020;ERAS protocol group(n=40):January 2021-March 2025.We compared perioperative outcomes,including clinical recovery parameters and laboratory markers,to assess protocol efficacy.RESULTS All procedures were completed laparoscopically by the same surgical team without conversion.Baseline characteristics,including demographics,diverticulum location,and intraoperative parameters(operative time,blood loss),were comparable between groups(all P>0.05).The ERAS protocol demonstrated significantly shorter postoperative length of stay(7.55±1.52 days vs 10.40±3.59 days,P<0.001)while complication rates were numerically lower in the ERAS group(17.50%vs 13.16%,P=0.595).Additional benefits of ERAS implementation included:Reduced intravenous fluid requirements(5.00 mL/kg/hour vs 8.00 mL/kg/hour),accelerated gastrointestinal recovery(first flatus:2.00 days vs 3.00 days),lower pain scores(P<0.001),earlier total enteral nutrition achievement(5.00 days vs 6.50 days)and shorter intravenous therapy duration(6.00 days vs 8.00 days;all P<0.001).ERAS patients also showed reduced drainage utilization(P<0.05)and improved inflammatory marker profiles postoperatively[neutrophils:(5.98±2.02)×10^(9)/L vs(8.01±3.98)×10^(9)/L];median Creactive protein:13.6 mg/L 7 vs 19.63 mg/L).Glycemic control was superior in the ERAS group despite higher induction levels(both P<0.05).Parental satisfaction(92.50%vs 86.84%)and 30-day readmission rates(2.50%vs 2.63%)showed no significant differences.CONCLUSION ERAS protocols safely optimize recovery in children undergoing laparoscopic Meckel’s diverticulum resection,significantly reducing length of stay while improving pain management and overall clinical outcomes.These findings support the adoption of ERAS in pediatric intestinal surgery.
基金supported by grants from Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program(20200403090SF)The Health Special Foundation of Jilin Province of China(2020sczt029).
文摘The anatomy of the human liver is complex,and the vascular system is highly variable.Moreover,the use of traditional com-puted tomography(CT)two-dimensional(2D)images to recon-struct the tissue and organs requires experienced doctors and lim-its the sharing and discussion of therapeutic plans[1].
文摘BACKGROUND Surgery and percutaneous radiological methods[puncture,aspiration,injection,re-aspiration(PAIR)]are the current invasive treatment strategies for patients with hepatic hydatid cyst(HHC).Biliary leak is a common complication in patients who underwent these treatments of HHC.Bile leak should be treated effectively as uncontrolled biliary fistula may lead to life-treating conditions such as severe cholangitis,intraabdominal abscesses and septicemia.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)has become the main treatment of post-interventional biliary fistula.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ERCP in the management of biliary fistula following HHC-related surgery or PAIR.METHODS We evaluated data of patients who developed bile leakage following HHC-related interventions from endemic area during the period of March 2017 and February 2025.We included 88 patients(50 female,57%)with a median age of 33 years(range:8-83 years)at the time of ERCP.Bile leak occurred following surgery in 72(82%)patients and after PAIR in 16(18%)patients.Low-grade leakage(<400 mL/day)was identified in 46(52%)patients.RESULTS Initial mode of ERCP was endoscopic sphincterotomy(ES)with biliary drainage(plastic stent or nasobiliary drain)in 73(83%)patients and ES alone in remaining 15(17%)patients.Six patients who initially treated by ES alone had persistent fistula and underwent repeat ERCP with stent placement.ERCP type(ES+biliary stenting)and fistula flow rate(<400 mL/day)were significantly associated with 20-days complete closure of the fistula[P=0.020;odds ratio(OR)=5.27,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.30-21.37]and(P=0.008;OR=3.43,95%CI:1.37-8.55),respectively.ERCP-related complications were mild pancreatitis in 5(5.9%)patients and minor bleeding in 4(4.7%)patients and mild-moderate cholangitis in 4(4.7%)patients.CONCLUSION This case based-study from endemic area demonstrates that ERCP is highly effective and safe for managing bile leakage following both surgery and PAIR.ES+biliary stenting seems better mode of ERCP procedure.
文摘Objective: This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of laparoscopic-resection of the abdominal cystic lymphangiomas in Pediatric Surgery and describe the morbidity associated to this management in Queen fabiola children’s university hospital (HUDERF) in Brussels. Methods: We retrospectively conducted a study at the Pediatric Surgery Department of HUDERF, Brussels. The studied period was from January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2024;a span of 10 years. All patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cystic lymphangiomas and who underwent laparoscopic surgery were included in our study. Those who have been operated exclusively by open surgery have been excluded. The technique involved either total laparoscopic resection or laparoscopic-assisted with extra-abdominal resection of the tumor. Parameters that were studied included age, sex, weight, symptoms, preoperative diagnosis, imaging assessment, location, size of the tumor, type of mass, surgical procedure, duration of the surgery, conversion to open surgery, morbidity, and histopathology. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 and SPSS. Results: We retrieved 10 files of patients presenting with abdominal cystic lymphangiomas within two patients underwent exclusive open surgery and have excluded from our study. Then our sample was constituted with 8 patients. The mean age of the patients was 6.4 years (standard deviation: 3.6 years, range: 1 to 11 years). Male patients were predominant. The mean weight was 26.7 kg (standard deviation: 14.7 kg, range: 10 to 55 kg). The most common symptom was abdominal pain. Preoperative diagnosis of abdominal cystic lymphangioma was made in 8 cases. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in all patients. MRI was done in 5 patients, and CT scan in 2 patients. All patients presented a multicystic mass. Pure laparoscopic resection of the cyst was done in 2 cases. Laparoscopic-assisted resection in 4 cases (with extra-peritoneal with small bowel resection and mesenteric detorsion in 1 case), and conversion in 2 cases due to the complex location of the cyst. After a follow-up period of 5 years, morbidity was noted in one patient (Patient 3) who developed postoperative bowel obstruction 1 month post-surgery. This patient was re-operated on with a favorable clinical outcome following conventional small bowel resection and anastomosis. The other patients (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) had a simple clinical course, and no recurrence was observed in our series. Conclusion: Laparoscopic-resection of the abdominal cystic lymphangiomas is feasible in Pediatric Surgery. As minimally invasive surgery it gives many advantages even for complex abdominal cystic lymphangiomas with less morbidity as shown in our series.
文摘Background: Cleft lip and/or palate are the most common orofacial malformations. Many studies, especially in developed countries have been conducted on this malformation, but in Burkina Faso, data are scarce and they are not specific to children. The aim of this study was to report the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of cleft lip and/or palate in children in a low-income country. Materials and Method: The authors conducted a retrospective descriptive study based on data of three humanitarian missions of pediatric reconstructive facial surgery which took place in 2007, 2010 and 2014 at Clinique El Fateh-Suka in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. All children of 0 - 14 years of age, presenting with cleft lip and/or palate, were included in the study. Results: A total of 185 cases of cleft lip and/or palate were seen during these three humanitarian surgery missions. There were 100 boys and 85 girls. The average age of the children was 2.4 ± 3.2 years [0 - 12 years];there were 8.7% newborns. The commonest type of cleft was cleft lip and palate (49.7%) followed by isolated cleft lip (48.7%) and isolated cleft palate (1.6%). The left side was the most affected (49.2%). In 21.1% of cases, clefts were associated with other congenital malformations. In total, 150 of 185 (81.1%) children underwent surgery and there were no postoperative complications reported. Conclusions: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cleft lip and/or palate observed in this study are not very different from those described elsewhere in Africa. However, in our conditions, there are circumstances and structural factors which hinder the diagnosis and constitute challenges that must be addressed for adequate management of this congenital, highly disfiguring malformation.
文摘Introduction: Cancellation of elective surgery is common in developing countries. This decision is difficult to make as it generates economic and organizational consequences for the healthcare facility and an additional source of stress for patients and their caregivers. This study aimed to analyze the various aspects of this medical problem. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective and descriptive study over six months (from January 1st, 2017, to June 30th, 2017) at the pediatric surgery department of Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching Hospital in Senegal. Results: Ninety-one cases were collected. The cancellation rate was 20.8%. Infants were affected in 36.3% of cases. Among anesthesiologists, 83.5% were residents, and 16.5% were specialists. Cancellation in nephroblastoma children with an indication for extended nephrectomy represented 15.4% of cases. Concerning reasons for cancellation, comorbidities, dominated by respiratory infections, accounted for 28.5% of cases, patient absences for 24.2%, and issues related to the anesthesiologist for 17.6%. Cancellations were avoidable in 33% of cases. Patients were responsible for cancellation in 37.4% of cases, the healthcare system in 33%, and medical reasons in 29.7%. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that one-third of cancellations could have been avoided with improvements in the healthcare system. Actions should be taken to reduce the cancellation rate in our context.
文摘Inguinal hernia in children is a congenital pathology in children linked to the persistence of the peritoneo-vaginal canal in children and the NüCK canal in girls;persisting into adulthood. This work aimed to study inguinal hernia in children in the general surgery department of the Reference Health Center of Commune I of the Bamako District;to determine the frequency of inguinal hernia;describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of inguinal hernias and in order to evaluate the cost of treatment. This was a prospective study from April 2017 to March 2018 during which 60 children with an inguinal hernia were collected. Inguinal hernias in children represented 9.23% of patients operated on in the department. The average age was 59.23 months with extremes of one month and 180 months and a standard deviation of 49.23 years. The male sex was dominant with a sex ratio equal to 9:1. The notion of prematurity was found in 11.7% and was associated with a testicle not in place in 1.7% of cases. 41.7% of our patients were referred by a doctor and 66.7% of patients presented with painless, intermittent inguino-scrotal swelling (83.3% of cases). The hernia was discovered before one week of life in 50% of cases. Inguinal swelling was absent in 11.7% but observed intraoperatively. The inguinal hernia was unilateral in 91.7% of cases and 70% of hernias were discovered by the parents during pushing efforts. The inguinal hernia was located on the right in 61.7% of cases. The hernia swelling was soft, painless, impulsive and reducible in 78.3% of cases. The swelling was inguino-scrotal in 58.3% of cases. The hernia was simple in 95% of patients and hernial strangulation was observed in 3 cases or 5% of cases. 98.3% of patients were ASA I. The treatment was carried out openly in all our patients including closure of the vaginal peritoneal canal in 95% of cases under general anesthesia in 98.3% of cases. The morbidity rate was 8.4% (surgical site infection: 6.7% of cases and hematoma: 1.7%). The immediate consequences were simple in 96.6% of cases. No cases of recurrence occurred during the 6 months after the intervention. The average cost of care was estimated at 69,743 FCFA.
文摘Background:The European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association(ECHSA)Congenital Heart Surgery Database(CHSD)was founded in 1999 and is open for worldwide participation.The current dataset includes a large amount of surgical data from both Europe and China.The purpose of this analysis is to compare patterns of practice and outcomes among pediatric congenital heart defect surgeries in Europe and China using the ECHSA-CHSD.Methods:We examined all European(125 centers,58,261 operations)and Chinese(13 centers,23,920 operations)data in the ECHSA-CHSD from 2006-2018.Operative mortality,postoperative length of stay,median patient age and weight were calculated for the ten benchmark operations for China and Europe,respectively.Results:Benchmark procedure distribution frequencies differed between Europe and China.In China,ventricular septal defect repair comprised approximately 70%of procedures,while Norwood operations comprised less than one percent of all procedures.Neonatal cardiac procedures were rare in China overall.For procedures in STAT mortality category 1,Chinese centers had lower operative mortality rates,while procedures in categories 3 and 5 mortality is lower in European centers.Operative mortality over the time period decreased from 3.89%to 1.64%for the whole cohort,with a sharper decline in China.This drop coincides with an increase of submitted procedures over this 13-year-period.Conclusion:Chinese centers had higher programmatic volume of congenital heart surgeries,while European centers have a more complex case mix.Palliation for patients with functionally univentricular heart was performed less commonly in China.These comparison of patterns of practice and outcomes demonstrate opportunities for continuing bidirectional transcontinental collaboration and quality improvement.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Early bacterial neonatal infection (INBP) or maternofetal infection (early neonatal sepsis) remains a concern of the pediatrician due to diagnostic difficulties and its increased morbidity and mortality. No study has been done in Mali on the profile of newborns admitted for INBP with positive CRP, hence the initiation of this work with the aim of studying the epidemiological, biological and bacteriological profile of newborns with a bacterial maternal-fetal infection. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Longitudinal study descriptive (from 27 June to 3 September 2016) which concerned all newborns aged from 0 to 72 hours of life hospitalized for confirmed early bacterial neonatal infection with a positive C</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reactive protein (CRP) in the neonatal department of the CHU Gabriel Touré. INBP was defined by the presence of maternal and neonatal infectious risk factors, positivity of CRP with a germ in the blood culture. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> During the study period we included 244 newborns for probable maternofetal infection and who benefited from the CRP assay, 43 had a positive CRP, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a frequency of 17.62%. The sex ratio was 2.30. The majority had a low birth weight (<2500</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">g) in 69.8% of cases. Mothers were aged 18 to 35 in 93%. The majority were out of school (43.8%) and housewives in 74.4%. The main reasons for consultations were prematurity and/or low birth weight, respiratory distress and neonatal distress, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span></i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">46.5%, 25.6% and 11.6% respectively. Among the 43 newborns with a positive CRP, the blood culture returned p</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ositive in 79.1% (n = 34). We deplore 2 deaths (4.7%). The main bacteria were gram-positive cocci (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Staphylococcus aureus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 53.01% and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Streptococccus agalactiae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 4.10%), gram-negative bacilli (GNB) type </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 11.25% and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> at 5.70%) and non-fermentativ</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">GNB</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s </span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 2.80% and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Acinetobacter baumannii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> complex </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2.24%). </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Maternal-fetal infection is a hospital pathology frequently encountered in the neonatal period. Its clinical presentation is dominated by respiratory distress, neurological disorders and low birth weight.</span></span>
文摘Traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)is a type of serrated polyp of the colorectum and is thought to be a precancerous lesion.There are three types of serrated polyps,namely,hyperplastic polyps,sessile serrated adenomas/polyps,and TSAs.TSA is the least common of the three types and accounts for about 5% of serrated polyps.Here we report a pediatric case of TSA that was successfully resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).This rare case report describes a pediatric patient with no family history of colonic polyp who was admitted to our hospital with hematochezia.On colonoscopy,we found a polypoid lesion measuring 10 mm in diameter in the lower rectum.We selected ESD as a surgical option for en bloc resection,and histopathological examination revealed TSA.The findings in this case suggest that TSA with precancerous potential can occur in children,and that ESD is useful for treating this lesion.
文摘Alagille syndrome （AGS） is a multisystem disorder and caused by mutations in JAG1 or NOTCH2 gene. The diagnosis of AGS is hampered by its highly variable clinical manifestations. We performed a retrospective analysis on 16 children diagnosed as having AGS in recent five years in our hospital. Cholestasis was seen in 15 patients （93.8%）, heart disease in 12 （75%）, characteristic facies in 7 （43.8%）, and butterfly vertebrae in 7 （43.8%）. Ophthalmology examination was not performed on all the patients. Further, serum biochemical parameters were compared between AGS and 16 biliary atresia （BA） patients who were confirmed by surgery. Elevated liver enzymes were seen in all the patients. Serum total cholesterol （TC） （P=0.0007）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT） （P=0.0056）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） （P=0.0114）, gamma-glutamyl transferase （GGT） （P=0.035） and total bile acid （TBA） levels （P=0.042） were significantly elevated in AGS patients compared to those in BA cases. However, there were no significant differences in serum total bilirubin （TB）, conjugated bilirubin （CB） and albumin （ALB） between the two groups. We identified 14 different JAG1 gene variations and 1 NOTCH2 gene mutation in 16 Chinese AGS patients. Our study suggested clinical features of AGS are highly variable and not all patients meet the classical diagnostic criteria. It was suggested that hypercholesterolaemia and significantly elevated GGT, TBA and ALT may be helpful to diagnose AGS. Genetic testing is integral in the diagnosis of AGS.
基金supported by the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Department(No.Z2013099)
文摘Objective: To present a model of extended home nursing support provided through WeChat for pediatric colostomy patients between the first and second surgery to support parents and to assist them in nursing possible complications at home, to reduce colostomy complications caused by improper care, to improve the quality of life of patients at home and to ensure the success of the recovery and second surgery. Methods: A combination of relevant clinical information, health care guidelines, and training as well as the establishment of a specific monitoring protocol was provided to the parents during the patient’ s first hospitalization. A support system for nursing the colostomy was established with regular follow-up via WeChat after the patient’ s first discharge from the hospital using a predetermined protocol. During the 3 to 6 months of home care in-between the colostomy operations, the charge nurse initiated the phone follow-up and provided specific, individual guidance and feedback. If necessary, extended serv-ice at predetermined intervals was provided in the 1st week, the 1st month, the 2nd month and the 3rd month. Results: Extended assistance for the home care of patients with pediatric colostomy complications im-proved the quality of life of the patients and caregivers and was accepted by all parties involved upon in-troduction. The assistance provided support for the parents at all hours, efficiently reduced the level of complications for this type of patient and facilitated fast referrals to hospital care in cases of emergen-cies. Furthermore it paved the way to successful second stage surgeries, provided direct feedback to the charge nurse and improved the work satisfaction and sense of achievement of the nurses involved. Conclusions: All 80 cases supported by WeChat successfully underwent two-stage pediatric colostomy operations. The response of the parents and the medical staff involved was very positive. This method is easy to use, economical to operate and could be applied generally to support home care.
文摘BACKGROUND Inguinal hernia is a common clinical manifestation in children with a low selfhealing rate.AIM To determine the effect of laparoscopic surgery on indirect inguinal hernia and the risk factors for postoperative recurrence and to provide a reference for the clinical treatment and prevention of recurrence.METHODS We selected 360 children who underwent laparoscopic high ligation in our hospital as the laparoscopic group and 120 patients treated for inguinal hernia with conventional surgery as the control group.The operation time,blood loss,incision length,hospitalization time,total hospitalization cost and surgical complications were compared between the two groups.According to telephone follow-up or return visits,the children who had recurrence within 2 years after the operation in the laparoscopic group were analyzed,and the laparoscopic high ligation hernia sac level was analyzed by the logistic multifactor method.Ligation was used to treat recurrence in children with inguinal hernia.RESULTS The operation time,blood loss,length of incision,and length of hospital stay in the laparoscopic group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total hospitalization cost in the laparoscopic group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The operative complication rate was 1.67%lower than that in the control group(12.50%)(P<0.05).In 360 children with laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac,14 patients had recurrence within 2 years after surgery.After analysis,14 cases in the recurrence group did not recur.The preoperative incarceration rate,inner ring diameter,ligature use and age difference were statistically significant(P<0.05).According to logistic regression multivariate analysis,an inner ring diameter≥1.0 cm,the use of an absorbable ligature line and age>3 years increased the risk of postoperative recurrence in children with inguinal hernia after laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Laparoscopic surgery for indirect inguinal hernia in children has the advantages of low trauma and a rapid postoperative recovery.An inner ring diameter≥1.0 cm,the use of absorbable ligature,and age>3 years may increase the risk of recurrence after laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac.
文摘AIM: To study that inflammatory fibroid polyps(IFPs) in children are extremely uncommon tumors that may occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: A systematic review of the pediatric literature and a report of a new case of IFP is also pres-ented. The Pub Med database was searched for original studies on pediatric IFPs since 1960, according to "Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses" guidelines for systematic reviews. RESULTS: Five studies were finally enclosed, encompassing 6 children with IFPs(mean age 64 mo). Tumors were located in the stomach(2 patients), in the small bowel(2 patients), in the rectum(1 patient) and in the colon(1 patient). Open surgery was performed in all patients and complete excision of the mass was achieved in all cases. All patients are alive and free of symptom. Authors described a further case of a 3-year-old boy with a large duodenal IFP, in whom the tumor was removed by "en block resection". The presence of IFP throughout the gastrointestinal tract and its variable clinical appearances make it difficult to diagnose. An accurate pre-operative assessment is fundamental in order to differentiate IFP from other more aggressive gastrointestinal tumor, enabling unnecessary demolitive surgery. CONCLUSION: When complete resection of the IFP is achieved, the prognosis is excellent.
文摘BACKGROUND Perioperative nursing can reduce the stress reaction and improve the prognosis of children.AIM To elucidate the influence of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with family care in perioperative nursing children with an inguinal hernia and its impact on the prognosis.METHODS The data of 100 children with inguinal hernia were retrospectively analyzed.The participants were divided into three groups according to different nursing methods:Groups A(n=38),B(n=32),and C(n=30).Group A received multidisciplinary collaborative ERAS nursing combined with family care nursing;Group B received multidisciplinary collaborative nursing for ERAS;and Group C received routine nursing.The postoperative recovery results of the three groups were compared,including intraoperative blood loss and postoperative feeding time,time of getting out of bed,hospitalization time,and defecation time.Furthermore,the incidence of common complications was also compared between the three groups.RESULTS There was less intraoperative blood loss in Groups A and B than in Group C(P<0.05),and the time of getting out of bed and postoperative hospitalization and defecation times were also decreased in Group C(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in postoperative feeding time among the three groups(P>0.05).Each index had no statistical significance between Groups A and B(P>0.05).The incidence of urinary retention,infection,hematoma,and hernia recurrence in Group A was less than that in Group C(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the overall complication rate between Groups A and B and between Groups B and C(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing combined with family care in the perioperative care of children with an inguinal hernia for ERAS may promote postoperative rehabilitation for children and reduce the incidence of complications.
