Objective: To discuss some key points about nursing in the use of DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer in patients at the department of infectious diseases. Method: DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer was a...Objective: To discuss some key points about nursing in the use of DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer in patients at the department of infectious diseases. Method: DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer was applied to 5464 patients at the department of infectious diseases. The reasons for failed detection and complications related to the detection were analyzed, and the measures for improving the nursing procedures were proposed. Result: Among the 5464 patients, the detections were successful at the first attempt in 5458 patients;2 patients had leakage of liquid;2 patients were poorly prepared, and 1 case failed because of mistaken selection of CO mode, which led to adverse drug reactions;1 case did not finish the detection due to anaphylactic shock;8 patients had nausea and 6 patients had skin rash on the four limbs and torso during the detection. Conclusion: It is necessary to formulate the nursing procedures for the use of DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer. Moreover, preparatory work, health education, refined nursing procedures and skillful operations are closely related to the success rate and accuracy of the detection.展开更多
Objectives: To identify predictive factors for poor prognosis during cerebral toxoplasmosis at Donka Hospital. Methods: It was a retrospective study of descriptive and analytic type lasting one year six months (18 mon...Objectives: To identify predictive factors for poor prognosis during cerebral toxoplasmosis at Donka Hospital. Methods: It was a retrospective study of descriptive and analytic type lasting one year six months (18 months) from January 1st, 2016 to June 30th, 2017 which involved patients admitted and hospitalized for cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV field. Data enter was performed by Epi data 3.1 software and SPSS 21 software for statistical analysis. The threshold of significance was p Results: We observed 87 cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis (CT). The mean age was 38.53 ± 12.16. The clinical signs were mainly infectious syndrome (100%), headache (69.0%), confusion (46.0%) and meningeal syndrome (41.4%). The lethality was 37.9%. Living with a partner (p = 0.007), CD4 at initiation of antiretroviral therapy 3 (p = 0.009), and coma (p = 0.02) were the factors associated with death. Conclusion: This study showed that cerebral toxoplasmosis is associated with very high morbidity and mortality in the Infectious Diseases Department of Donka National Hospital. Living in a relationship, CD4 counts at baseline 3 and coma were independently associated with death. Special attention to these factors associated with infectious resuscitation and primary prevention in patients with a CD4 T lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm may improve the prognosis of this pathology.展开更多
Global environmental changes including climate warming,extreme weather events,ambient air pollution,freshwater contamination,and landscape transformation are reshaping the epidemiology of infectious diseases with unpr...Global environmental changes including climate warming,extreme weather events,ambient air pollution,freshwater contamination,and landscape transformation are reshaping the epidemiology of infectious diseases with unprecedented complexity,particularly in the post-COVID-19 era.This review synthesizes evidence from the past decade(2015-2024)to systematically elucidate how key environmental drivers modulate pathogen emergence,transmission dynamics,and clinical outcomes,with a focus on underlying mechanistic pathways.Specifically,we highlight:(1)the temperature-and precipitation-dependent transmission of vector-borne diseases(e.g.,malaria,dengue)via expanded vector habitats and accelerated pathogen incubation;(2)the exacerbation of respiratory infections(including COVID-19)by particulate matter(PM2.5)and nitrogen dioxide(NO2)through impaired mucosal immunity and enhanced inflammatory responses;(3)the persistence of diarrheal diseases in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)linked to water insecurity and climate-induced infrastructure failure;and(4)zoonotic spillover risks amplified by urbanization and deforestation-driven human-wildlife interface disruption.Integrating the One Health socioecological framework,we further summarize methodological advances from high-resolution genomic surveillance to climate-informed machine learning models that have improved causal inference and predictive accuracy.Our synthesis confirms that environmental factors are not merely contextual but central,modifiable determinants of infectious disease risk,with disproportionate impacts on vulnerable populations.To mitigate future threats,we emphasize the urgency of interdisciplinary collaboration,integrated environmental-health monitoring platforms,and climate-resilient public health policies tailored to post-pandemic challenges.This review provides a timely roadmap for translating environmental epidemiology insights into actionable strategies to strengthen global health resilience.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate laboratory findings that predict bacterial meningitis in emergency service and their diagnostic effectiveness.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients presenting with m...Objective:To evaluate laboratory findings that predict bacterial meningitis in emergency service and their diagnostic effectiveness.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients presenting with meningitis symptoms at a referral hospital in Mersin,Turkey,between January 2019 and January 2022.Clinical findings and laboratory results,including leukocyte count,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin levels in blood,were examined.Logistic regression,Chi square test,and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve analyses assessed the predictive value of these parameters.Results:A total of 199 participants were included in the study;99 patients were diagnosed with meningitis after lumbar puncture and 100 served as controls.Patients with meningitis exhibited significantly higher leukocyte counts(median:11890×10^(3)/μL vs.7905×10^(3)/μL,P<0.001)and CRP levels(median:6.00 mg/dL vs.0.95 mg/dL,P<0.001)compared to controls.Procalcitonin levels were significantly elevated in meningitis patients(median:0.21 ng/mL vs.0.10 ng/mL,P<0.001).Logistic regression identified albumin(OR=0.16,95%CI=0.06-0.40),and CRP(OR=1.18,95%CI=1.08-1.28)as independent predictors of meningitis.ROC analysis for CRP demonstrated a sensitivity of 80.6%and specificity of 70.0%at a cut-off value of 2.23 mg/dL(AUC=0.792).Conclusions:Elevated albumin levels and CRP contents in the blood were significant predictors of meningitis in emergency service.Early identification of predictive markers may aid in timely lumbar puncture and management of atypical cases.展开更多
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS),caused by Dabie bandavirus(DBV),triggers aberrant immune activation and cytokine storms,contributing to poor prognosis;however,its immune dysfunction mechanism remains...Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS),caused by Dabie bandavirus(DBV),triggers aberrant immune activation and cytokine storms,contributing to poor prognosis;however,its immune dysfunction mechanism remains unclear.Current management relies on symptomatic treatment and glucocorticoids,but no standardized treatment guidelines exist.This study investigated the mechanisms of abnormal lymphocyte function in acute-phase SFTS and the effects of glucocorticoid treatment on lymphoid cells using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and bioinformatics analysis.We enrolled three healthy volunteers and 13 patients with acute SFTS and divided them into four groups.ScRNA-seq was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all 16 participants,capturing transcripts from the 3′ends of mRNA.Bioinformatics analyses were used to profile patient immunological signatures,characterize subpopulation compositions,infer developmental trajectories,and assess lymphoid cell interactions.We obtained 120886 lymphoid cells,which were clustered into 23 functionally heterogeneous subsets.Results showed that patients with severe SFTS exhibited stronger inflammatory and adaptive immune responses.Glucocorticoid treatment suppressed inflammation and the interferon response but also inhibited the production of virus-specific antibodies.These findings suggest that appropriate glucocorticoid administration may alleviate the hyperinflammatory state in severe SFTS during the acute phase,although it is not recommended as a conventional treatment because of its potential to suppress antiviral immunity.This study provides insights into SFTS immunopathology and informs the optimized clinical use of glucocorticoids.展开更多
Rapid and accurate detection of infectious virus particles, not just viral nucleic acid, is essential to avoid unnecessary quarantine and effectively control the spread of viral diseases such as coronavirus disease 20...Rapid and accurate detection of infectious virus particles, not just viral nucleic acid, is essential to avoid unnecessary quarantine and effectively control the spread of viral diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was the most widely used detection technique during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, it cannot discriminate between intact infectious viruses and surface-distorted, non-infectious virus particles or naked viral RNA. In this study, we present a strategy for the specific detection of infectious coronaviruses by combining viral receptor capture and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). We successfully applied this strategy to detect infectious virus particles of the SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus and the human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63). Virus particles were first captured on ELISA plates coated with the recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. Viral RNA was then extracted from the particles and detected by RT-LAMP using virus-specific primers. In our experimental setting, the proposed method had a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 90 PFU/mL, sensitivity of 96.2%, and specificity of 100%. Our study provides a proof-of-concept that viral receptor capture combined with RT-LAMP can differentiate infectious coronaviruses from non-infectious virions or naked viral RNA. This paves the way for this virus detection strategy to become a mainstream tool for the management, prevention and control of epidemic coronavirus diseases.展开更多
Introduction: Parasitic diseases remain a public health problem in Burkina Faso, as they are in other developing countries. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of para...Introduction: Parasitic diseases remain a public health problem in Burkina Faso, as they are in other developing countries. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of parasitosis diagnosed in the infectious diseases department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital. Patients and Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection during the period from January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2022. Results: From January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2022, a total of 2829 patients were admitted to the infectious diseases department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou. Among them, 624 patients suffered from parasitic pathologies, representing a hospital prevalence of 22%. The patients were predominantly male with a sex ratio of 1.1. The average age was 34 years ± 11. Most patients (74.7%) lived in the capital city of Ouagadougou. Ten percent (10%) of the patients with parasitosis were infected with HIV (PLHIV). Out of a total of 624 cases of parasitosis, protozoosis represented 97%, of which 80% were malaria cases. Clinical signs were dominated by neurological signs, digestive signs and dehydration. Comorbidities were dominated by HIV infection, tuberculosis and digestive candidiasis. Under treatment, the evolution was marked by a lethality of 10%. Conclusion: Protozoosis were the most frequently diagnosed. They were dominated by malaria and opportunistic parasitosis during AIDS. These results argue for a revitalization of voluntary HIV testing and careful management of PLHIV.展开更多
Introduction: In Burkina Faso, as in most developing countries, limited access to biological tests forces practitioners to resort very often to probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study is to deter...Introduction: In Burkina Faso, as in most developing countries, limited access to biological tests forces practitioners to resort very often to probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study is to determine the extent of this prescription. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases department in the period from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2020. The records of patients who received probabilistic antibiotic therapy were included. Results: During the study period, 330 patients had received probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The majority of patients were male (53%), with a sex ratio of 1.12. The mean age of the patients was 33 years ± 14. The age range of 20 to 40 years was the most represented (42%). Fifteen percent (15%) of patients were living with HIV. The majority of patients were from urban areas (56.4%). Forty-nine percent (49%) of the patients worked in the informal sector. Clinically, the reasons for consultation were dominated by fever, alteration of general condition, neurological disorders, digestive disorders, respiratory signs, urinary signs and diffuse pain. The physical examination showed that 48.1% of the patients had meningeal irritation syndrome, 10% had convulsions and 10% had focal signs, trismus was present in 4% of the patients and facial paralysis in 3%. In the digestive system, hepatomegaly was present in 29% of patients and digestive candidiasis in 31%. Respiratory examination showed crepitus and fluid effusion syndrome in 26.83% and 20.62% of patients respectively. The presumptive diagnosis was dominated by bacterial meningitis, salmonellosis and bronchopneumonia with banal germs. In terms of treatment, the beta-lactam family of drugs was the most prescribed. They were followed by aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. The evolution was marked by the death of 50 patients (15%). Conclusion: The most prescribed molecules belong to the family of Beta-lactam. And this prescription improved the outcome of patients. Bacterial susceptibility studies will allow better orientation of probabilistic antibiotic therapy in order to limit the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria.展开更多
A case of imported severe falciparum malaria with spontaneous splenic rupture was reported in this paper.The patient,an African migrant worker,developed hemolytic anemia,sepsis,thrombocytopenia,coagulation dysfunction...A case of imported severe falciparum malaria with spontaneous splenic rupture was reported in this paper.The patient,an African migrant worker,developed hemolytic anemia,sepsis,thrombocytopenia,coagulation dysfunction,liver failure,renal insufficiency,electrolyte disturbance and other clinical manifestations after returning to the local area.Plasmodium falciparum was found by peripheral blood smearscopy and was diagnosed as severe falciparum malaria.After standardized anti-malaria treatment,plasma exchange+cytokine adsorption therapy,the establishment of“forewarning-forewarning-prevention-emergency”predictive nursing management model,the establishment of an integrated nursing team,the division of medical care is clear,professional knowledge is complementary,after three months of regular follow-up,the patient has no malaria recurrence,no refire,the function of all organs returned to normal.展开更多
Background:Liver failure(LF)is a disorder with a high mortality rate and large resource costs.In regions where liver transplantation resources are limited,artificial liver support systems(ALS)such as selective plasma ...Background:Liver failure(LF)is a disorder with a high mortality rate and large resource costs.In regions where liver transplantation resources are limited,artificial liver support systems(ALS)such as selective plasma exchange with dialysis(PED)may serve as a bridge to transplantation or hepatic recovery.This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes,biochemical parameters,and prognostic factors associated with PED therapy in patients with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Methods:This was a single-center,retrospective,observational cohort study.A total of 63 consecutive patients with HBV-related ACLF who received PED treatment between January 2020 and December 2022 were analyzed.Patients who underwent liver transplantation(n=11)were included in the survival group,as PED successfully functioned as a bridge to transplantation.The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and informed consent was obtained.Variables with P<0.10 in univariate analysis were included in a stepwise binary logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of 3-month mortality.Results:Significant improvements in biochemical parameters,including MELD score,INR,TBIL,and blood ammonia,were observed following PED treatment(P<0.05).The overall 3-month mortality rate was 38.10%(24/63).No significant difference in mortality was found between HBeAg-positive patients(15/40,37.50%)and HBeAg-negative patients(9/23,39.13%)(P>0.05).In univariate analysis,3-month mortality was significantly associated with HBV DNA load(P<0.001),ALT(P=0.020),TBIL(P=0.036),DBIL(P=0.009),Cl^(-)(P<0.001),CO_(2)CP(P=0.011),INR(P=0.044),and blood ammonia reduction(P=0.033).However,the MELD score showed no significant association in univariate analysis(P=0.896).By multivariate binary logistic regression analysis,blood ammonia reduction(OR:0.85;95%CI:0.72-0.98;P=0.035)and MELD score(OR:1.12;95%CI:1.01-1.25;P=0.028)were identified as independent predictors of 3-month mortality in all patients.Conclusion:PED treatment was associated with improved biochemical parameters in patients with hepatitis B-related ACLF.Higher blood ammonia reduction was associated with improved survival.In multivariate analysis,blood ammonia reduction and MELD score were independent predictors of 3-month mortality.However,due to the limitations of this single-center,retrospective,observational study,further prospective controlled studies comparing PED with standard medical therapy or conventional plasma exchange are needed to establish the definitive role of PED in mortality reduction.展开更多
Objectives:Gastric cancer(GC)is among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide,ranking as the fifth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality.This study intends to investigate how Inh...Objectives:Gastric cancer(GC)is among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide,ranking as the fifth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality.This study intends to investigate how Inhibin subunit beta A(INHBA)promotes the progression of GC by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway via targeting Integrin alpha-6(ITGA6).Methods:Quantitative reverse transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction(qRT-PCR)and Immunohistochemistry(IHC)were utilised to validate the expression levels of INHBA in GC,which were subsequently correlated with the clinicopathological factors and outcomes.Cellular and animal studies were conducted to ascertain the role of INHBA in GC.RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq)and bioinformatics analysis were used to screen for the downstream target and pathway of INHBA,with Co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP),Co-Immunofluorescent(Co-IF),Western blot(WB)and Rescue experiments validating their mechanisms of action in GC.Results:IHC and qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that GC tissues exhibited higher INHBA expression than adjacent noncancerous tissues.This elevated INHBA expression was found to be significantly associated with the incidence of tumor lesions,lymph node metastasis,and progression to higher TNM stages.Functional experiments showed that INHBA promoted GC cell proliferation and enhanced their migration and invasion in vitro while inhibiting apoptosis.Animal studies results indicated that INHBA overexpression promoted tumor growth and increased tumor weight and volume.Through a series of experiments,including RNA-seq,Co-IP,Co-IF,WB,and rescue assays,this study demonstrated that INHBA promotes GC progression by targeting ITGA6 to regulate the MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusions:INHBA/ITGA6/MAPK axis can provide new insights into GC therapy.Targeted INHBA inhibition holds promise as a therapeutic approach for GC treatment.展开更多
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is now considered to be among the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide.Its comprehensive management encompasses multiple stages,including risk ...Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is now considered to be among the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide.Its comprehensive management encompasses multiple stages,including risk assessment,early detection,stratified intervention,and long-term follow-up.Among these,improving diagnostic accuracy and optimizing individualized therapeutic strategies remain key challenges in both research and clinical practice.In recent years,artificial intelligence and smart devices have developed rapidly and have gradually been applied in the medical field,offering novel tools and pathways for MASLD risk stratification,non-invasive diagnosis,therapeutic evaluation,and patient self-management.This review summarizes the current applications of artificial intelligence and smart devices in MASLD care,highlights their benefits and limitations,and discusses future directions to support precision diagnosis and treatment strategies.展开更多
Overproduction of reactive oxygen species(ROS) following ischemic injury triggers an inflammatory response,significantly impeding neurological functional recovery.Nanozymes with potent antioxidative and anti-inflammat...Overproduction of reactive oxygen species(ROS) following ischemic injury triggers an inflammatory response,significantly impeding neurological functional recovery.Nanozymes with potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects thus offer great potential for ischemic stroke treatment.In this study,we developed an ischemia-homing nanozyme by combining melatonin(MT)-loaded honeycomb manganese dioxide(MnO_(2)) nanoflowers with M2-type microglia membranes to rescue the ischemic penumbra.The surface-engineered M2-type microglia membranes provided intrinsic ischemia-homing and blood-brain barrier(BBB)-crossing properties to the biomimetic nanozymes.This nanozyme can not only transforms harmfulsuperoxide anion radicals(^(·)O^(2-)) and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) into harmless water and oxygen but also scavenges highly toxic hydroxyl radicals(^(·)OH),dramatically lowering intracellular ROS levels.More importantly,the biomimetic nanoparticles reduce cerebral infarct areas and provide significant neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by lowering oxidative stress,inhibiting cell apoptosis,and decreasing inflammation.This study may offer a viable approach for the use of nanozymes in treating ischemic stroke.展开更多
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG), a major polyphenolic compound in green tea, exhibits antiviral activity against multiple viruses, including hepatitis B virus(HBV). However, its role in HBV replication and the underl...Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG), a major polyphenolic compound in green tea, exhibits antiviral activity against multiple viruses, including hepatitis B virus(HBV). However, its role in HBV replication and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of EGCG on HBV replication and its modulation of autophagy using two established HBV cell models. Our results show that EGCG significantly reduces secreted levels of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and HBV deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA), as well as intracellular HBV DNA replicative intermediates, encapsidated pregenomic ribonucleic acid(pgRNA), and core protein(HBc), without affecting total HBV messenger RNAs(mRNAs) or pgRNA levels. EGCG enhances autophagic flux, evidenced by increased autophagosome formation and accelerated turnover of the selective autophagy receptor p62 and LC3-Ⅱ. This enhanced autophagy promotes HBc degradation. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine(3-MA), chloroquine(CQ), or bafilomycin A1(BafA1) abolished the suppressive effect of EGCG on HBV. Notably, treatment with CQ or BafA1 together with EGCG markedly increased HBV production by blocking autophagic degradation and inducing accumulation of autophagosomes—effects similar to those induced by the autophagy activator rapamycin, which facilitates HBV replication. Mechanistically, EGCG activates the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/transcription factor EB(TFEB)signaling axis, leading to enhanced lysosomal biogenesis and ATP production, thereby promoting autophagic clearance. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of AMPK attenuated TFEB transcriptional activity, suppressed lysosomal biogenesis and ATP generation, impaired autophagic degradation, increased HBc levels, and ultimately enhanced HBV replication. Conversely, pharmacological activation of AMPK produced opposing effects. These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which EGCG inhibits HBV: EGCG promotes autophagic degradation of the viral core protein via activation of the AMPK/TFEB signaling pathway.展开更多
Insects represent emerging sources of bioactive peptides and functional materials.Mantidis Oötheca(Sang-Piao-Xiao in Chinese,SPX)serves as an insect-derived medicine for treating kidney disease.This study demonst...Insects represent emerging sources of bioactive peptides and functional materials.Mantidis Oötheca(Sang-Piao-Xiao in Chinese,SPX)serves as an insect-derived medicine for treating kidney disease.This study demonstrated that supernatant(SPX)improved kidney function in adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephropathy mice model.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SPX inhibited complement activation by targeting the MASP1-C3/C3a receptor(C3aR)pathway.Peptidomic analysis identified 304 peptides from SPX,with 49 peptides selected for evaluation using prediction tools and molecular docking with complement core protein C3.Three peptides(PMGFPFDR,FNDPK,AAQFFNR)exhibiting docking scores below-8.0 were synthesized to verify complement inhibition and anti-fibrotic activities.The synthetic peptide AAQFFNR demonstrated complement inhibitory activity,with an inhibitory complement hemolytic 50%(ICH_(50))value of 24.54μmol·L^(-1),and exhibited superior protective effects in ADR-induced HK-2 cells.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)assay revealed direct interaction between AAQFFNR and complement C3 with K_(d)value of 16.8μmol·L^(-1).The reno-protective effect of AAQFFNR was subsequently verified in ADR-induced mice.This research provides initial evidence that complement C3-inhibiting peptides from insects demonstrate potential in preventing nephropathy through in silico and in vivo validation approaches.展开更多
Objective:This study was aimed at investigating metabolic dysregulation in tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)in breast cancer and developing a metabolically enhanced chimeric antigen receptor macrophage(CAR-M)strategy...Objective:This study was aimed at investigating metabolic dysregulation in tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)in breast cancer and developing a metabolically enhanced chimeric antigen receptor macrophage(CAR-M)strategy to boost antitumor potency in solid tumors.Methods:Integrated scRNA-seq and metabolomic analyses were performed to characterize metabolic alterations in macrophages within the breast cancer tumor microenvironment(TME).According to the identified metabolic vulnerabilities,SLC38A2-overexpressing anti-HER2 CAR-Ms were engineered.Glutamine uptake and phagocytic activity were assessed to evaluate functional enhancement.Results:TAMs in breast cancer exhibited substantial metabolic dysregulation,particularly impaired glutamine metabolism accompanied by decreased expression of the glutamine transporter SLC38A2.Overexpression of SLC38A2 in anti-HER2 CAR-Ms,compared with conventional anti-HER2 CAR-Ms,enhanced glutamine uptake and markedly augmented phagocytosis of HER2+breast cancer cells.Conclusions:Metabolic engineering via SLC38A2 restored glutamine fitness and enhanced the antitumor activity of HER2-targeted CAR-Ms,thus providing a promising strategy to boost CAR-M–mediated tumor suppression in solid tumors.展开更多
Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus...Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection.Methods Female patients(n=73)with HR-HPV infection were enrolled and divided into a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)group(n=33)and a non-HSIL(N-HSIL)group(n=40),which include low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and inflammation.Healthy screening subjects(n=31)with negative HR-HPV results were enrolled as a control group.We examined contemporaneous plasma and secretory cytokines from 25 study subjects to investigate the difference between systemic cytokine profiles and the local microenvironment immunity using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.The 12 cytokines from cervical secretions were compared between the three groups using the Mann-Whitney test,and logistic regression was used to analyze HSIL and N-HSIL.Results There were statistical differences in eight cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-12p70,IFN-α,and IL-8)between cervical secretion and plasma of the same patient,and seven cytokines were statistically different between the control and other two groups.We selected four independent variables(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-12p70,and IFN-α)commonly identified by univariate regression analysis and non-parametric tests for multivariate logistic regression analysis.Based on this model,HSIL could be predicted in patients with HR-HPV infection,with the area under the curve being 0.76.Conclusion The systemic cytokine profile cannot reflect the local microenvironment immunity,and the occurrence of HSIL is related to the cytokine levels in the cervical microenvironment.展开更多
BACKGROUND In China,hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is the most common liver failure characterized by serious clinical syndromes of liver decompensation with a very high mortality.B...BACKGROUND In China,hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is the most common liver failure characterized by serious clinical syndromes of liver decompensation with a very high mortality.Bacterial and/or fungal infections are the most common complications that are associated with high short-term mortality.Bacterial translocation from the intestine,impaired hepatic clearance,and immune paralysis of circulating immune cells are thought to contribute to infectious complications in liver failure.The control of bacterial and fungal infections is the key to improving HBV-ACLF outcomes.Active prevention,early diagnosis,and timely treatment of bacterial and fungal infections are essential for treating HBV-ACLF.AIM To investigate the frequency and role of bacterial and fungal infections in patients with HBV-ACLF.METHODS Patients with HBV-ACLF hospitalized at Taihe Hospital,Hubei University of Medicine from January 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively enrolled.Patient-related information was retrieved from the hospital case database,including general information,blood biochemistry,complications,etc.According to the occurrence of secondary infection or not,the patients were divided into an infection group and a non-infection group.The sites,types,and incidences of bacterial and fungal infections and the influence of infections on the prognosis of HBV-ACLF were statistically analyzed.The risk factors for infections were assessed by unconditional logistic regression.RESULTS There were 174 cases of HBV-ACLF that met the enrollment criteria,of which 114 (65.52%) were diagnosed with infectious complications.Infections occurred in the abdominal cavity (87 cases),respiratory tract (51 cases),urinary tract (18 cases),and biliary tract (10 cases).Patients with infectious complications had a significantly higher 28-d mortality (70.18%,80/114) than those without (40.00%,24/60)(70.18% vs 40.00%,P < 0.05).And patients with infectious complications had a much higher incidence of non-infectious complications (54.39%,62/114)(54.39% vs 15.00%,P < 0.05),leading to an extremely high 28-d mortality of 88.71%(55/62)(P < 0.05).The grade of liver failure,period of hospital stay ≥ 30 d,age ≥ 45 years,and percentage of neutrophils > 70% were identified as risk factors for infectious complications.CONCLUSION The high incidence of infectious complications in patients with HBV-ACLF is associated with severity and deterioration of the disease and may contribute to the extremely high mortality of these patients.展开更多
The present study aimed to establish a list of parameters indicative of pathogen invasion and develop a predictive model to distinguish the etiologies of fever of unknown origin (FUO) into infectious and non-infectiou...The present study aimed to establish a list of parameters indicative of pathogen invasion and develop a predictive model to distinguish the etiologies of fever of unknown origin (FUO) into infectious and non-infectious causes.From January 2014 to September 2017,431 patients with FUO were prospectively enrolled in the study population.This study established a list of 26 variables from the following 4aspects:host factors,epidemiological factors,behavioral factors,and iatrogenic factors.Predefined predicted variables were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to develop a predictive model.The predictive model and the corresponding scoring system were developed using data from the confirmed diagnoses and 9 variables were eventually identified.These factors were incorporated into the predictive model.This model discriminated between infectious and non-infectious causes of FUO with an AUC of 0.72,sensitivity of 0.71, and specificity of 0.63.The predictive model and corresponding scoring system based on factors concerning pathogen invasion appear to be reliable screening tools to discriminate between infectious and non-infectious causes of FUO.展开更多
Objectives:This article aims to summarize a series of contingency management strategies of the Nursing Department in the centralized treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:The strategies...Objectives:This article aims to summarize a series of contingency management strategies of the Nursing Department in the centralized treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:The strategies of the Nursing Department included an early warning for prevention and control,taking functions of vertically commanding and horizontally coordinating,and reasonably allocating nursing workforce,to facilitate centralized treatment work in the in-hospital fever clinic,isolation wards and ICU,and referral and admission of critical patients.Five special groups were established in charge of training and examination,management and supervision,psychological support,logistical support,and reporting and publicity,respectively.Results:It was achieved that no deaths from critical patients and no medical staff,no other patients were infected.Conclusion:Through the implementation of these strategies,safe and efficient centralized treatment was ensured timely,orderly and sustainably.展开更多
文摘Objective: To discuss some key points about nursing in the use of DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer in patients at the department of infectious diseases. Method: DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer was applied to 5464 patients at the department of infectious diseases. The reasons for failed detection and complications related to the detection were analyzed, and the measures for improving the nursing procedures were proposed. Result: Among the 5464 patients, the detections were successful at the first attempt in 5458 patients;2 patients had leakage of liquid;2 patients were poorly prepared, and 1 case failed because of mistaken selection of CO mode, which led to adverse drug reactions;1 case did not finish the detection due to anaphylactic shock;8 patients had nausea and 6 patients had skin rash on the four limbs and torso during the detection. Conclusion: It is necessary to formulate the nursing procedures for the use of DDG-3300K liver reserve function analyzer. Moreover, preparatory work, health education, refined nursing procedures and skillful operations are closely related to the success rate and accuracy of the detection.
文摘Objectives: To identify predictive factors for poor prognosis during cerebral toxoplasmosis at Donka Hospital. Methods: It was a retrospective study of descriptive and analytic type lasting one year six months (18 months) from January 1st, 2016 to June 30th, 2017 which involved patients admitted and hospitalized for cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV field. Data enter was performed by Epi data 3.1 software and SPSS 21 software for statistical analysis. The threshold of significance was p Results: We observed 87 cases of cerebral toxoplasmosis (CT). The mean age was 38.53 ± 12.16. The clinical signs were mainly infectious syndrome (100%), headache (69.0%), confusion (46.0%) and meningeal syndrome (41.4%). The lethality was 37.9%. Living with a partner (p = 0.007), CD4 at initiation of antiretroviral therapy 3 (p = 0.009), and coma (p = 0.02) were the factors associated with death. Conclusion: This study showed that cerebral toxoplasmosis is associated with very high morbidity and mortality in the Infectious Diseases Department of Donka National Hospital. Living in a relationship, CD4 counts at baseline 3 and coma were independently associated with death. Special attention to these factors associated with infectious resuscitation and primary prevention in patients with a CD4 T lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm may improve the prognosis of this pathology.
基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China[2023-JC-QN-0858]the Free Exploration Program of the Second Affiliated Hospital,School of Medicine,Xi’an Jiaotong University[2020YJ(ZYTS)605]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[81900620].
文摘Global environmental changes including climate warming,extreme weather events,ambient air pollution,freshwater contamination,and landscape transformation are reshaping the epidemiology of infectious diseases with unprecedented complexity,particularly in the post-COVID-19 era.This review synthesizes evidence from the past decade(2015-2024)to systematically elucidate how key environmental drivers modulate pathogen emergence,transmission dynamics,and clinical outcomes,with a focus on underlying mechanistic pathways.Specifically,we highlight:(1)the temperature-and precipitation-dependent transmission of vector-borne diseases(e.g.,malaria,dengue)via expanded vector habitats and accelerated pathogen incubation;(2)the exacerbation of respiratory infections(including COVID-19)by particulate matter(PM2.5)and nitrogen dioxide(NO2)through impaired mucosal immunity and enhanced inflammatory responses;(3)the persistence of diarrheal diseases in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)linked to water insecurity and climate-induced infrastructure failure;and(4)zoonotic spillover risks amplified by urbanization and deforestation-driven human-wildlife interface disruption.Integrating the One Health socioecological framework,we further summarize methodological advances from high-resolution genomic surveillance to climate-informed machine learning models that have improved causal inference and predictive accuracy.Our synthesis confirms that environmental factors are not merely contextual but central,modifiable determinants of infectious disease risk,with disproportionate impacts on vulnerable populations.To mitigate future threats,we emphasize the urgency of interdisciplinary collaboration,integrated environmental-health monitoring platforms,and climate-resilient public health policies tailored to post-pandemic challenges.This review provides a timely roadmap for translating environmental epidemiology insights into actionable strategies to strengthen global health resilience.
文摘Objective:To evaluate laboratory findings that predict bacterial meningitis in emergency service and their diagnostic effectiveness.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients presenting with meningitis symptoms at a referral hospital in Mersin,Turkey,between January 2019 and January 2022.Clinical findings and laboratory results,including leukocyte count,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin levels in blood,were examined.Logistic regression,Chi square test,and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve analyses assessed the predictive value of these parameters.Results:A total of 199 participants were included in the study;99 patients were diagnosed with meningitis after lumbar puncture and 100 served as controls.Patients with meningitis exhibited significantly higher leukocyte counts(median:11890×10^(3)/μL vs.7905×10^(3)/μL,P<0.001)and CRP levels(median:6.00 mg/dL vs.0.95 mg/dL,P<0.001)compared to controls.Procalcitonin levels were significantly elevated in meningitis patients(median:0.21 ng/mL vs.0.10 ng/mL,P<0.001).Logistic regression identified albumin(OR=0.16,95%CI=0.06-0.40),and CRP(OR=1.18,95%CI=1.08-1.28)as independent predictors of meningitis.ROC analysis for CRP demonstrated a sensitivity of 80.6%and specificity of 70.0%at a cut-off value of 2.23 mg/dL(AUC=0.792).Conclusions:Elevated albumin levels and CRP contents in the blood were significant predictors of meningitis in emergency service.Early identification of predictive markers may aid in timely lumbar puncture and management of atypical cases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81871242)the"YiQi"Fund Project(Grant Nos.2024YQZL01 and 2023YQFH05)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFF0710100).
文摘Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS),caused by Dabie bandavirus(DBV),triggers aberrant immune activation and cytokine storms,contributing to poor prognosis;however,its immune dysfunction mechanism remains unclear.Current management relies on symptomatic treatment and glucocorticoids,but no standardized treatment guidelines exist.This study investigated the mechanisms of abnormal lymphocyte function in acute-phase SFTS and the effects of glucocorticoid treatment on lymphoid cells using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and bioinformatics analysis.We enrolled three healthy volunteers and 13 patients with acute SFTS and divided them into four groups.ScRNA-seq was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all 16 participants,capturing transcripts from the 3′ends of mRNA.Bioinformatics analyses were used to profile patient immunological signatures,characterize subpopulation compositions,infer developmental trajectories,and assess lymphoid cell interactions.We obtained 120886 lymphoid cells,which were clustered into 23 functionally heterogeneous subsets.Results showed that patients with severe SFTS exhibited stronger inflammatory and adaptive immune responses.Glucocorticoid treatment suppressed inflammation and the interferon response but also inhibited the production of virus-specific antibodies.These findings suggest that appropriate glucocorticoid administration may alleviate the hyperinflammatory state in severe SFTS during the acute phase,although it is not recommended as a conventional treatment because of its potential to suppress antiviral immunity.This study provides insights into SFTS immunopathology and informs the optimized clinical use of glucocorticoids.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32470160)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2300100,GZNL2023A01008)+2 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(#JSGG20200225150431472,JSGG20210901145403012,and JSGG20220301090005007)the“Pearl River Talent Plan”Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team Project of Guangdong Province(2016LJ06Y540 and 2019ZT08Y464)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province,China(2021B1212040017).
文摘Rapid and accurate detection of infectious virus particles, not just viral nucleic acid, is essential to avoid unnecessary quarantine and effectively control the spread of viral diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was the most widely used detection technique during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, it cannot discriminate between intact infectious viruses and surface-distorted, non-infectious virus particles or naked viral RNA. In this study, we present a strategy for the specific detection of infectious coronaviruses by combining viral receptor capture and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). We successfully applied this strategy to detect infectious virus particles of the SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus and the human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63). Virus particles were first captured on ELISA plates coated with the recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. Viral RNA was then extracted from the particles and detected by RT-LAMP using virus-specific primers. In our experimental setting, the proposed method had a minimum detection limit (LOD) of 90 PFU/mL, sensitivity of 96.2%, and specificity of 100%. Our study provides a proof-of-concept that viral receptor capture combined with RT-LAMP can differentiate infectious coronaviruses from non-infectious virions or naked viral RNA. This paves the way for this virus detection strategy to become a mainstream tool for the management, prevention and control of epidemic coronavirus diseases.
文摘Introduction: Parasitic diseases remain a public health problem in Burkina Faso, as they are in other developing countries. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of parasitosis diagnosed in the infectious diseases department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital. Patients and Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection during the period from January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2022. Results: From January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2022, a total of 2829 patients were admitted to the infectious diseases department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou. Among them, 624 patients suffered from parasitic pathologies, representing a hospital prevalence of 22%. The patients were predominantly male with a sex ratio of 1.1. The average age was 34 years ± 11. Most patients (74.7%) lived in the capital city of Ouagadougou. Ten percent (10%) of the patients with parasitosis were infected with HIV (PLHIV). Out of a total of 624 cases of parasitosis, protozoosis represented 97%, of which 80% were malaria cases. Clinical signs were dominated by neurological signs, digestive signs and dehydration. Comorbidities were dominated by HIV infection, tuberculosis and digestive candidiasis. Under treatment, the evolution was marked by a lethality of 10%. Conclusion: Protozoosis were the most frequently diagnosed. They were dominated by malaria and opportunistic parasitosis during AIDS. These results argue for a revitalization of voluntary HIV testing and careful management of PLHIV.
文摘Introduction: In Burkina Faso, as in most developing countries, limited access to biological tests forces practitioners to resort very often to probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The objective of this study is to determine the extent of this prescription. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases department in the period from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2020. The records of patients who received probabilistic antibiotic therapy were included. Results: During the study period, 330 patients had received probabilistic antibiotic therapy. The majority of patients were male (53%), with a sex ratio of 1.12. The mean age of the patients was 33 years ± 14. The age range of 20 to 40 years was the most represented (42%). Fifteen percent (15%) of patients were living with HIV. The majority of patients were from urban areas (56.4%). Forty-nine percent (49%) of the patients worked in the informal sector. Clinically, the reasons for consultation were dominated by fever, alteration of general condition, neurological disorders, digestive disorders, respiratory signs, urinary signs and diffuse pain. The physical examination showed that 48.1% of the patients had meningeal irritation syndrome, 10% had convulsions and 10% had focal signs, trismus was present in 4% of the patients and facial paralysis in 3%. In the digestive system, hepatomegaly was present in 29% of patients and digestive candidiasis in 31%. Respiratory examination showed crepitus and fluid effusion syndrome in 26.83% and 20.62% of patients respectively. The presumptive diagnosis was dominated by bacterial meningitis, salmonellosis and bronchopneumonia with banal germs. In terms of treatment, the beta-lactam family of drugs was the most prescribed. They were followed by aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. The evolution was marked by the death of 50 patients (15%). Conclusion: The most prescribed molecules belong to the family of Beta-lactam. And this prescription improved the outcome of patients. Bacterial susceptibility studies will allow better orientation of probabilistic antibiotic therapy in order to limit the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria.
基金“Artificial Liver Special Fund”of Beijing Gan Dan Xiang Zhao Public Welfare Foundation(Project No.:iGandanF-1082024-RGG055)。
文摘A case of imported severe falciparum malaria with spontaneous splenic rupture was reported in this paper.The patient,an African migrant worker,developed hemolytic anemia,sepsis,thrombocytopenia,coagulation dysfunction,liver failure,renal insufficiency,electrolyte disturbance and other clinical manifestations after returning to the local area.Plasmodium falciparum was found by peripheral blood smearscopy and was diagnosed as severe falciparum malaria.After standardized anti-malaria treatment,plasma exchange+cytokine adsorption therapy,the establishment of“forewarning-forewarning-prevention-emergency”predictive nursing management model,the establishment of an integrated nursing team,the division of medical care is clear,professional knowledge is complementary,after three months of regular follow-up,the patient has no malaria recurrence,no refire,the function of all organs returned to normal.
基金supported by Beijing Gandan Xiangzhao Charity Foundation(iGandanF-1082022-RGG023).
文摘Background:Liver failure(LF)is a disorder with a high mortality rate and large resource costs.In regions where liver transplantation resources are limited,artificial liver support systems(ALS)such as selective plasma exchange with dialysis(PED)may serve as a bridge to transplantation or hepatic recovery.This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes,biochemical parameters,and prognostic factors associated with PED therapy in patients with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).Methods:This was a single-center,retrospective,observational cohort study.A total of 63 consecutive patients with HBV-related ACLF who received PED treatment between January 2020 and December 2022 were analyzed.Patients who underwent liver transplantation(n=11)were included in the survival group,as PED successfully functioned as a bridge to transplantation.The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and informed consent was obtained.Variables with P<0.10 in univariate analysis were included in a stepwise binary logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of 3-month mortality.Results:Significant improvements in biochemical parameters,including MELD score,INR,TBIL,and blood ammonia,were observed following PED treatment(P<0.05).The overall 3-month mortality rate was 38.10%(24/63).No significant difference in mortality was found between HBeAg-positive patients(15/40,37.50%)and HBeAg-negative patients(9/23,39.13%)(P>0.05).In univariate analysis,3-month mortality was significantly associated with HBV DNA load(P<0.001),ALT(P=0.020),TBIL(P=0.036),DBIL(P=0.009),Cl^(-)(P<0.001),CO_(2)CP(P=0.011),INR(P=0.044),and blood ammonia reduction(P=0.033).However,the MELD score showed no significant association in univariate analysis(P=0.896).By multivariate binary logistic regression analysis,blood ammonia reduction(OR:0.85;95%CI:0.72-0.98;P=0.035)and MELD score(OR:1.12;95%CI:1.01-1.25;P=0.028)were identified as independent predictors of 3-month mortality in all patients.Conclusion:PED treatment was associated with improved biochemical parameters in patients with hepatitis B-related ACLF.Higher blood ammonia reduction was associated with improved survival.In multivariate analysis,blood ammonia reduction and MELD score were independent predictors of 3-month mortality.However,due to the limitations of this single-center,retrospective,observational study,further prospective controlled studies comparing PED with standard medical therapy or conventional plasma exchange are needed to establish the definitive role of PED in mortality reduction.
基金funded by Medical Science Foundation of Hebei University 2024B03Hebei Provincial Government-funded Provincial Medical Excellent Talent Project ZF2023025,ZF2024134,ZF2025045,ZF2025048,and ZF2025051+3 种基金Hebei Natural Science Foundation H2022206292,H2024206140Key R&D Program of Hebei Province 223777103D and 223777113DHebei Province County General Hospital Appropriate Health Technology Promotion Project 20220018other projects of Hebei Province SGH201501.
文摘Objectives:Gastric cancer(GC)is among the most prevalent malignancies worldwide,ranking as the fifth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality.This study intends to investigate how Inhibin subunit beta A(INHBA)promotes the progression of GC by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway via targeting Integrin alpha-6(ITGA6).Methods:Quantitative reverse transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction(qRT-PCR)and Immunohistochemistry(IHC)were utilised to validate the expression levels of INHBA in GC,which were subsequently correlated with the clinicopathological factors and outcomes.Cellular and animal studies were conducted to ascertain the role of INHBA in GC.RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq)and bioinformatics analysis were used to screen for the downstream target and pathway of INHBA,with Co-immunoprecipitation(Co-IP),Co-Immunofluorescent(Co-IF),Western blot(WB)and Rescue experiments validating their mechanisms of action in GC.Results:IHC and qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that GC tissues exhibited higher INHBA expression than adjacent noncancerous tissues.This elevated INHBA expression was found to be significantly associated with the incidence of tumor lesions,lymph node metastasis,and progression to higher TNM stages.Functional experiments showed that INHBA promoted GC cell proliferation and enhanced their migration and invasion in vitro while inhibiting apoptosis.Animal studies results indicated that INHBA overexpression promoted tumor growth and increased tumor weight and volume.Through a series of experiments,including RNA-seq,Co-IP,Co-IF,WB,and rescue assays,this study demonstrated that INHBA promotes GC progression by targeting ITGA6 to regulate the MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusions:INHBA/ITGA6/MAPK axis can provide new insights into GC therapy.Targeted INHBA inhibition holds promise as a therapeutic approach for GC treatment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2024YFA1307101).
文摘Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is now considered to be among the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide.Its comprehensive management encompasses multiple stages,including risk assessment,early detection,stratified intervention,and long-term follow-up.Among these,improving diagnostic accuracy and optimizing individualized therapeutic strategies remain key challenges in both research and clinical practice.In recent years,artificial intelligence and smart devices have developed rapidly and have gradually been applied in the medical field,offering novel tools and pathways for MASLD risk stratification,non-invasive diagnosis,therapeutic evaluation,and patient self-management.This review summarizes the current applications of artificial intelligence and smart devices in MASLD care,highlights their benefits and limitations,and discusses future directions to support precision diagnosis and treatment strategies.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (No.2022YFC3501700)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82274059)+3 种基金Naval Military Medical University,Far East Talent Project (No.SL-33)Talent Project established by Chinese Pharmaceutical Association Hospital Pharmacy department (No.CPA-Z05-ZC-2024-003)Shanghai Oriental Talent Plan Youth Program (formerly Shanghai Young Top-Notch Talent) (2023)the Baoshan District Medical Key Science (Specialty) and Specialty Brand Construction Project (No.BSZK-2023-A12)。
文摘Overproduction of reactive oxygen species(ROS) following ischemic injury triggers an inflammatory response,significantly impeding neurological functional recovery.Nanozymes with potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects thus offer great potential for ischemic stroke treatment.In this study,we developed an ischemia-homing nanozyme by combining melatonin(MT)-loaded honeycomb manganese dioxide(MnO_(2)) nanoflowers with M2-type microglia membranes to rescue the ischemic penumbra.The surface-engineered M2-type microglia membranes provided intrinsic ischemia-homing and blood-brain barrier(BBB)-crossing properties to the biomimetic nanozymes.This nanozyme can not only transforms harmfulsuperoxide anion radicals(^(·)O^(2-)) and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) into harmless water and oxygen but also scavenges highly toxic hydroxyl radicals(^(·)OH),dramatically lowering intracellular ROS levels.More importantly,the biomimetic nanoparticles reduce cerebral infarct areas and provide significant neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by lowering oxidative stress,inhibiting cell apoptosis,and decreasing inflammation.This study may offer a viable approach for the use of nanozymes in treating ischemic stroke.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81600470)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Nos. ZR2022MC053 and ZR2023MH122)。
文摘Epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG), a major polyphenolic compound in green tea, exhibits antiviral activity against multiple viruses, including hepatitis B virus(HBV). However, its role in HBV replication and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of EGCG on HBV replication and its modulation of autophagy using two established HBV cell models. Our results show that EGCG significantly reduces secreted levels of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and HBV deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA), as well as intracellular HBV DNA replicative intermediates, encapsidated pregenomic ribonucleic acid(pgRNA), and core protein(HBc), without affecting total HBV messenger RNAs(mRNAs) or pgRNA levels. EGCG enhances autophagic flux, evidenced by increased autophagosome formation and accelerated turnover of the selective autophagy receptor p62 and LC3-Ⅱ. This enhanced autophagy promotes HBc degradation. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine(3-MA), chloroquine(CQ), or bafilomycin A1(BafA1) abolished the suppressive effect of EGCG on HBV. Notably, treatment with CQ or BafA1 together with EGCG markedly increased HBV production by blocking autophagic degradation and inducing accumulation of autophagosomes—effects similar to those induced by the autophagy activator rapamycin, which facilitates HBV replication. Mechanistically, EGCG activates the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/transcription factor EB(TFEB)signaling axis, leading to enhanced lysosomal biogenesis and ATP production, thereby promoting autophagic clearance. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of AMPK attenuated TFEB transcriptional activity, suppressed lysosomal biogenesis and ATP generation, impaired autophagic degradation, increased HBc levels, and ultimately enhanced HBV replication. Conversely, pharmacological activation of AMPK produced opposing effects. These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which EGCG inhibits HBV: EGCG promotes autophagic degradation of the viral core protein via activation of the AMPK/TFEB signaling pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82104353)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(No.2022M711680).
文摘Insects represent emerging sources of bioactive peptides and functional materials.Mantidis Oötheca(Sang-Piao-Xiao in Chinese,SPX)serves as an insect-derived medicine for treating kidney disease.This study demonstrated that supernatant(SPX)improved kidney function in adriamycin(ADR)-induced nephropathy mice model.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SPX inhibited complement activation by targeting the MASP1-C3/C3a receptor(C3aR)pathway.Peptidomic analysis identified 304 peptides from SPX,with 49 peptides selected for evaluation using prediction tools and molecular docking with complement core protein C3.Three peptides(PMGFPFDR,FNDPK,AAQFFNR)exhibiting docking scores below-8.0 were synthesized to verify complement inhibition and anti-fibrotic activities.The synthetic peptide AAQFFNR demonstrated complement inhibitory activity,with an inhibitory complement hemolytic 50%(ICH_(50))value of 24.54μmol·L^(-1),and exhibited superior protective effects in ADR-induced HK-2 cells.Surface plasmon resonance(SPR)assay revealed direct interaction between AAQFFNR and complement C3 with K_(d)value of 16.8μmol·L^(-1).The reno-protective effect of AAQFFNR was subsequently verified in ADR-induced mice.This research provides initial evidence that complement C3-inhibiting peptides from insects demonstrate potential in preventing nephropathy through in silico and in vivo validation approaches.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFA1103000 and 2021YFA1302000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82572106,82125017,and 92359302)+7 种基金Guangdong Province Youth Top Talent Special Pillar Program 2024,Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2314050001076)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2023A1515011033,2024B1515040006,and 2025A1515012431)Guangdong Major Project of Basic Research(Grant No.2023B0303000018)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(Grant No.2025B03J0063)Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2025ZD0544000)Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Diseases(Grant No.2023B110005)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(Grant No.2024A04J6568)New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the New Cornerstone Investigator Program,and XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘Objective:This study was aimed at investigating metabolic dysregulation in tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)in breast cancer and developing a metabolically enhanced chimeric antigen receptor macrophage(CAR-M)strategy to boost antitumor potency in solid tumors.Methods:Integrated scRNA-seq and metabolomic analyses were performed to characterize metabolic alterations in macrophages within the breast cancer tumor microenvironment(TME).According to the identified metabolic vulnerabilities,SLC38A2-overexpressing anti-HER2 CAR-Ms were engineered.Glutamine uptake and phagocytic activity were assessed to evaluate functional enhancement.Results:TAMs in breast cancer exhibited substantial metabolic dysregulation,particularly impaired glutamine metabolism accompanied by decreased expression of the glutamine transporter SLC38A2.Overexpression of SLC38A2 in anti-HER2 CAR-Ms,compared with conventional anti-HER2 CAR-Ms,enhanced glutamine uptake and markedly augmented phagocytosis of HER2+breast cancer cells.Conclusions:Metabolic engineering via SLC38A2 restored glutamine fitness and enhanced the antitumor activity of HER2-targeted CAR-Ms,thus providing a promising strategy to boost CAR-M–mediated tumor suppression in solid tumors.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2308800)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(25ZR1402053)the Key Discipline of Public Health of the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(Grant No.GWVI-11.1-07).
文摘Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between the levels of 12 cytokines in the cervical microenvironment and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection.Methods Female patients(n=73)with HR-HPV infection were enrolled and divided into a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(HSIL)group(n=33)and a non-HSIL(N-HSIL)group(n=40),which include low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and inflammation.Healthy screening subjects(n=31)with negative HR-HPV results were enrolled as a control group.We examined contemporaneous plasma and secretory cytokines from 25 study subjects to investigate the difference between systemic cytokine profiles and the local microenvironment immunity using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test.The 12 cytokines from cervical secretions were compared between the three groups using the Mann-Whitney test,and logistic regression was used to analyze HSIL and N-HSIL.Results There were statistical differences in eight cytokines(IL-2,IL-6,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-12p70,IFN-α,and IL-8)between cervical secretion and plasma of the same patient,and seven cytokines were statistically different between the control and other two groups.We selected four independent variables(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-12p70,and IFN-α)commonly identified by univariate regression analysis and non-parametric tests for multivariate logistic regression analysis.Based on this model,HSIL could be predicted in patients with HR-HPV infection,with the area under the curve being 0.76.Conclusion The systemic cytokine profile cannot reflect the local microenvironment immunity,and the occurrence of HSIL is related to the cytokine levels in the cervical microenvironment.
基金Supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China,No.2018CFA031Precision Medical Project Granted by National Key Research and Development Program,No.2017YFC0908104+1 种基金Research and Development Project of Science and Technology Plan of Shiyan,No.18K78Key Program for Precision Medicine of Taihe Hospital,No.2016JZ05
文摘BACKGROUND In China,hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is the most common liver failure characterized by serious clinical syndromes of liver decompensation with a very high mortality.Bacterial and/or fungal infections are the most common complications that are associated with high short-term mortality.Bacterial translocation from the intestine,impaired hepatic clearance,and immune paralysis of circulating immune cells are thought to contribute to infectious complications in liver failure.The control of bacterial and fungal infections is the key to improving HBV-ACLF outcomes.Active prevention,early diagnosis,and timely treatment of bacterial and fungal infections are essential for treating HBV-ACLF.AIM To investigate the frequency and role of bacterial and fungal infections in patients with HBV-ACLF.METHODS Patients with HBV-ACLF hospitalized at Taihe Hospital,Hubei University of Medicine from January 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively enrolled.Patient-related information was retrieved from the hospital case database,including general information,blood biochemistry,complications,etc.According to the occurrence of secondary infection or not,the patients were divided into an infection group and a non-infection group.The sites,types,and incidences of bacterial and fungal infections and the influence of infections on the prognosis of HBV-ACLF were statistically analyzed.The risk factors for infections were assessed by unconditional logistic regression.RESULTS There were 174 cases of HBV-ACLF that met the enrollment criteria,of which 114 (65.52%) were diagnosed with infectious complications.Infections occurred in the abdominal cavity (87 cases),respiratory tract (51 cases),urinary tract (18 cases),and biliary tract (10 cases).Patients with infectious complications had a significantly higher 28-d mortality (70.18%,80/114) than those without (40.00%,24/60)(70.18% vs 40.00%,P < 0.05).And patients with infectious complications had a much higher incidence of non-infectious complications (54.39%,62/114)(54.39% vs 15.00%,P < 0.05),leading to an extremely high 28-d mortality of 88.71%(55/62)(P < 0.05).The grade of liver failure,period of hospital stay ≥ 30 d,age ≥ 45 years,and percentage of neutrophils > 70% were identified as risk factors for infectious complications.CONCLUSION The high incidence of infectious complications in patients with HBV-ACLF is associated with severity and deterioration of the disease and may contribute to the extremely high mortality of these patients.
文摘The present study aimed to establish a list of parameters indicative of pathogen invasion and develop a predictive model to distinguish the etiologies of fever of unknown origin (FUO) into infectious and non-infectious causes.From January 2014 to September 2017,431 patients with FUO were prospectively enrolled in the study population.This study established a list of 26 variables from the following 4aspects:host factors,epidemiological factors,behavioral factors,and iatrogenic factors.Predefined predicted variables were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to develop a predictive model.The predictive model and the corresponding scoring system were developed using data from the confirmed diagnoses and 9 variables were eventually identified.These factors were incorporated into the predictive model.This model discriminated between infectious and non-infectious causes of FUO with an AUC of 0.72,sensitivity of 0.71, and specificity of 0.63.The predictive model and corresponding scoring system based on factors concerning pathogen invasion appear to be reliable screening tools to discriminate between infectious and non-infectious causes of FUO.
基金Zhejiang Medical Science and Technology Plan Project(2019RC167).
文摘Objectives:This article aims to summarize a series of contingency management strategies of the Nursing Department in the centralized treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods:The strategies of the Nursing Department included an early warning for prevention and control,taking functions of vertically commanding and horizontally coordinating,and reasonably allocating nursing workforce,to facilitate centralized treatment work in the in-hospital fever clinic,isolation wards and ICU,and referral and admission of critical patients.Five special groups were established in charge of training and examination,management and supervision,psychological support,logistical support,and reporting and publicity,respectively.Results:It was achieved that no deaths from critical patients and no medical staff,no other patients were infected.Conclusion:Through the implementation of these strategies,safe and efficient centralized treatment was ensured timely,orderly and sustainably.
