Objective:To explore the trend of detection and antimicrobial resistance of Serratia marcescens with different infection types for 7 consecutive years,to provide a reference for future studies for the control of S.mar...Objective:To explore the trend of detection and antimicrobial resistance of Serratia marcescens with different infection types for 7 consecutive years,to provide a reference for future studies for the control of S.marcescens infections and a rational selection of antibiotics.Methods:S.marcescens isolates were collected from 2014 to 2020,and the trend of detection and antimicrobial resistance were analyzed according to different types of infection.Results:For 7 consecutive years,the data showed that patients with S.marcescens infections were mainly from the intensive care unit(ICU)(384 isolates,40.98%),and the isolates recovered were mainly from sputum samples(743 isolates,79.30%).The number of isolated strains increased every year,and the average rate of detection ranged from 0.60%to 0.80%.The detection rate of S.marcescens with hospital-acquired infections(HAI)showed a downward trend and that of S.marcescens with colonization showed an upward trend.The detection rate of multidrug-resistant S.marcescens fluctuated between 8.33%–16.89%.The resistance rate of S.marcescens to piperacillin was 17.0%–29.06%and the resistance rate to piperacillin tazobactam was 2.95%–13.13%.For cephalosporin antibiotics,the resistance rates of S.marcescens to cefuroxime and cefazolin were>99%and the resistance rates to ceftazidime and cefepime were<13%.The resistance rate of S.marcescens to aminoglycoside antibiotics,especially amikacin,was the lowest.The resistance rate of S.marcescens with community-acquired infections(CAI)to carbapenems was higher than that with HAI and colonization.Conclusion:The different infection types of S.marcescens have different detection and epidemic trends.In addition,resistance to carbapenems is different across the strains.展开更多
AIM： To assess the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection in Albania. METHODS： Blood samples from 410 unselected schoolboys, 666 students, 500 military personnel, 1286 c...AIM： To assess the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection in Albania. METHODS： Blood samples from 410 unselected schoolboys, 666 students, 500 military personnel, 1286 casual blood donors, 378 voluntary blood donors and 640 pregnant women （total 3880 non-vaccinated residents of rural and metropolitan areas from all over Albania; 2354 （60.7%） male and 1526 （39.3%） female; mean age of 26.3 years） were tested during 2004-2006 for hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） and antibodies to hepatitis B virus （anti-HBs） by ELISA. RESULTS： The HBsAg and anti-HBs prevalence were 9.5% and 28.7%, respectively. The highest HI3sAg prevalence was evident in the younger age group, such as in schoolchildren （11.8%） and the military （10.6%）. Consequently, the anti-HBs prevalence increased with age, from 21.2% in schoolchildren （mean age： 15.7 years）, to 36.3% in pregnant women （mean age： 26.3 years） and 29.7% in voluntary blood donors （mean age： 40.1 years）. There were no significant differences between males and females. CONCLUSION： Despite the estimated two-fold reduction of HBsAg prevalence in the general population from about 18%-19% to 9.5%, Albania remains a highly endemic country （i.e. over 8% of HBsAg prevalence rate）.展开更多
A 47-year-old man presented with general fatigue and dark urine.The laboratory data showed increased levels of hepatic transaminases.The patient was positive for hepatitis B virus(HBV)markers and negative for antihuma...A 47-year-old man presented with general fatigue and dark urine.The laboratory data showed increased levels of hepatic transaminases.The patient was positive for hepatitis B virus(HBV)markers and negative for antihuman immunodeficiency virus.The HBV-DNA titer was set to 7.7 log copies/mL.The patient was diagnosed with acute hepatitis B.The HBV infection route was obscure.The serum levels of hepatic transaminases decreased to normal ranges without any treatment,but the HBVDNA status was maintained for at least 26 mo,indicating the presence of persistent infection.We isolated HBV from the acute-phase serum and determined the genome sequence.A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolated HBV was genotype H.In this patient,the elevated peak level of HBV-DNA and the risk alleles at human genome single nucleotide polymorphisms s3077and rs9277535 in the human leukocyte antigen-DP locus were considered to be risk factors for chronic infection.This case suggests that there is a risk of persistent infection by HBV genotype H following acute hepatitis;further cases of HBV genotype H infection must be identified and characterized.Thus,the complete determination of the HBV genotype may be essential during routine clinical care of acute hepatitis B outpatients.展开更多
Remarkable progress has been made in infection prevention and control(IPC)in many countries,but some gaps emerged in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Core capabilities such as standard cli...Remarkable progress has been made in infection prevention and control(IPC)in many countries,but some gaps emerged in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Core capabilities such as standard clinical precautions and tracing the source of infection were the focus of IPC in medical institutions during the pandemic.Therefore,the core competences of IPC professionals during the pandemic,and how these contributed to successful prevention and control of the epidemic,should be studied.To investigate,using a systematic review and cluster analysis,fundamental improvements in the competences of infection control and prevention professionals that may be emphasized in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.We searched the PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,WanFang Data,and CBM databases for original articles exploring core competencies of IPC professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic(from January 1,2020 to February 7,2023).Weiciyun software was used for data extraction and the Donohue formula was followed to distinguish high-frequency technical terms.Cluster analysis was performed using the within-group linkage method and squared Euclidean distance as the metric to determine the priority competencies for development.We identified 46 studies with 29 high-frequency technical terms.The most common term was“infection prevention and control training”(184 times,17.3%),followed by“hand hygiene”(172 times,16.2%).“Infection prevention and control in clinical practice”was the most-reported core competency(367 times,34.5%),followed by“microbiology and surveillance”(292 times,27.5%).Cluster analysis showed two key areas of competence:Category 1(program management and leadership,patient safety and occupational health,education and microbiology and surveillance)and Category 2(IPC in clinical practice).During the COVID-19 pandemic,IPC program management and leadership,microbiology and surveillance,education,patient safety,and occupational health were the most important focus of development and should be given due consideration by IPC professionals.展开更多
Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide.Although most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and ...Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide.Although most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and patients with preexisting liver diseases,who often experience anorexia,nausea,vom-iting,malaise,abdominal pain,and jaundice.HEV infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed individuals.In addition,HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic manifestations.HEV exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across species.Hence,animals susceptible to HEV can be used as models.The establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission,clinical symptoms,extrahepatic manifestations,and therapeutic strategies,which will help us understand the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment of hepatitis E.This review summarized the animal models of HEV,including pigs,monkeys,rabbits,mice,rats,and other animals.For each animal species,we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with,the cross-species transmission pathways,as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations,prevention,and treatment of HEV infection.The advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also emphasized.This review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models.展开更多
Host genetic,environmental and viral factors are classified as three categories that determine clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection.The objective of this study was to detect the associations between...Host genetic,environmental and viral factors are classified as three categories that determine clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection.The objective of this study was to detect the associations between polymorphisms rs346473 and rs346482 in Rho GTPase-activating protein 24（ARHGAP24） gene and disease progression of HBV infection in Han Chinese population.These two SNPs were found by our DNA pooling using Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human Mapping SNP6.0 Array in HBV carriers,and verified by using TaqMan 7900HT Sequence Detection System with 758 progressed HBV carriers versus 300 asymptomatic HBV carriers（AsC） in a discovery phase and 971 progressed HBV carriers versus 328 AsC in a replication phase.Multivariable logistic regression revealed that individuals with genotype TT at variant rs346473 displayed remarkable correlations with disease progression of HBV infection both in the discovery phase（OR,2.693;95% CI,1.928-3.760;P=6.2×10-9;additive model） and the replication phase（OR,1.490;95% CI,1.104-2.012;P=9.0×10-3;additive model）.These two SNPs were in strong linkage disequilibrium with D＇=0.99 and r2=0.951,and haplotype TT disclosed an increased susceptibility to HBV progression（OR,1.980;95% CI,1.538-2.545;P=8.1×10-8）.These findings suggest that polymorphism rs346473 in the ARHGAP24 gene might be a part of the genetic variants underlying the susceptibility of HBV carriers to disease progression.展开更多
Introduction: The rate of latent tuberculosis infections (LTBIs) in health care workers (HCWs) is higher than that in non-HCWs. We studied to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LTBIs and the acceptance rat...Introduction: The rate of latent tuberculosis infections (LTBIs) in health care workers (HCWs) is higher than that in non-HCWs. We studied to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LTBIs and the acceptance rate for treatment of LTBI among HCWs in South Korea, a country with an intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden. Methodology: LTBI screening was conducted for HCWs at a tertiary and a secondary hospital from April 2017 to August 2017. This was a retrospective study included all HCWs who underwent LTBI examination. HCWs were classified by the degree of risk into four groups, based on two factors: possibility of exposure to TB, and impact on patients at the time of TB onset in the HCWs. The interferon-gamma release assay was used for the diagnosis of LTBI. Results: A total of 1326 HCWs were included;they comprised 801 HCWs from a tertiary hospital and 525 from a secondary hospital. A total of 235 (17.7%) HCWs were diagnosed with LTBIs. According to risk classification, there was no significant difference (P = 0.24). In multivariate analysis, age was the only independent risk factor (P Conclusions: HCWs did not show any significant difference in the rate of LTBI by the degree of risk, and age was the independent risk factor. LTBI screening should be conducted for all HCWs regardless of risk classification.展开更多
Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is a new infectious disease that appeared in whan in December 2019 Since January23,the national health and fitmess commission has required hospitals to be designated in accordance wi...Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is a new infectious disease that appeared in whan in December 2019 Since January23,the national health and fitmess commission has required hospitals to be designated in accordance with the principle of"concentrating patients,experts,resources and treatment".Designated hospitals are often the strength of the general hospital and general hospital complex layers of various kinds of personnel,campus area is large,multi-channel,ordinary outpatient accepts people more,for emergency and severe cases treatment in patients with normal difficulty pressuure big,suspected/confirmed cases,combined with the COVID-19 occurred when the traditional holiday,the country launched the emergency response since,process reform faces a difficult labor,shortage of mampower,protective shortages,short time limit,and many other difficulties,hospital infection prevention and control is facing unprecedented pressure.In this paper,the West China-Guang'an Hospital,Sichuan University(Guang'an people's hospital)as a designated hospital,on the basis of the relevant scheme of the national health committee,epidemic prevention and control of the actual,combined with comprehensive hospital leadership,mampower allocation,protection,security,patient management,disinfection isolation,preview triage,preventive measures,training,monitoring,etc.,with practical experience summary for the COVID-19 diring the hospital infection prevention and control to improve the practice exploration.展开更多
This retrospective study was conducted at the National Institute of Neuroscience & Hospital, Agargaon, Dhaka from October, 2016 to March, 2017 with a view to finding out the incidence of UTI patients with aiming o...This retrospective study was conducted at the National Institute of Neuroscience & Hospital, Agargaon, Dhaka from October, 2016 to March, 2017 with a view to finding out the incidence of UTI patients with aiming of testing & drug susceptibility. In order to conduct this study, consecutive urine samples of 200 of a total population of both sexes and various age groups were taken from both outpatient and inpatient departments. There were marked gender variations in all age groups, which comprised members between 2 and 80 years of age, and they were requested to provide urine samples for examination. Among them 22.50% of specimens yielded positive culture. UTI is more prevalent in females than in males. The most common isolates were E. coli (15%), Enterococcus sspp. (0.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.50%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (3.50%) and pseudomanas (1.00%). Azithromycin and ceftriaxone showed the highest sensitivity against E. coli but Nitrofuranton, Gentamicin and Cefixime showed comparatively lower sensitivity against E. coli. Nitrofuranton, and Cefurixime showed the highest sensitivity against S. saprophyticus but Ceftazidime showed the lowest sensitivity against S. saprophyticus. Meropenem showed the highest sensitivity against S. aureus but Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefurixime, Amoxyxillin, Gentamicin and Nitrofuranton showed comparatively lower sensitivity against S. aureus. Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Imupenem, Doxycyclin, Co-trimoxazole and Meropenem showed the highest sensitivity against Pseudomonas spp. but Nitrofuranton, Gentamicin, Amoxycillin, Cefurixime, Ceftazidime and Ceftriaxone showed comparatively lower sensitivity against Pseudomonas spp. All the antibiotics used showed 100% sensitivity against Enterococcus spp.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancerrelated deaths in China,and the treatment options are limited.The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancerrelated deaths in China,and the treatment options are limited.The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS)activates the stimulator of interferon gene(STING)signaling pathway as a crucial immune response pathway in the cytoplasm,which detects cytoplasmic DNA to regulate innate and adaptive immune responses.As a potential therapeutic target,cGASSTING pathway markedly inhibits tumor cell proliferation and metastasis,with its activation being particularly relevant in HCC.However,prolonged pathway activation may lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,which fostering the invasion or metastasis of liver tumor cells.AIM To investigate the dual-regulation mechanism of cGAS-STING in HCC.METHODS This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.The study conducted a comprehensive search for articles related to HCC on PubMed and Web of Science databases.Through rigorous screening and meticulous analysis of the retrieved literature,the research aimed to summarize and elucidate the impact of the cGAS-STING pathway on HCC tumors.RESULTS All authors collaboratively selected studies for inclusion,extracted data,and the initial search of online databases yielded 1445 studies.After removing duplicates,remaining 964 records were screened.Ultimately,55 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.CONCLUSION Acute inflammation can have a few inhibitory effects on cancer,while chronic inflammation generally promotes its progression.Extended cGAS-STING pathway activation will result in a suppressive tumor microenvironment.展开更多
Objective:To determine the surgical site infection(SSI)rate and related factors in patients undergoing colectomy at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 298 p...Objective:To determine the surgical site infection(SSI)rate and related factors in patients undergoing colectomy at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 298 patients,aged 18 years or older,who underwent colectomy at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City from January to October 2023.Demographic,general characteristics,and surgical characteristics data were collected from medical records using a structured questionnaire.SSIs were diagnosed within 30 days after surgery based on CDC criteria.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing infection rates,with significance set at P<0.05.Results:A total of 298 patients underwent colectomy,with a median age of 64 years,54.4%of them were male,and 47.3%had a normal BMI.The SSI rate was 12.1%and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent pathogen.Key characteristics of SSI included abscess formation(83.3%)and the presence of pus or exudate(100%).The risk factors for SSI included preoperative hospital stay(OR 1.13,95%CI 1.03-1.22;P=0.008),surgical approach(OR 0.32,95%CI 0.14-0.76;P=0.01),and surgical incision classified as infected(OR 3.21,95%CI 1.22-8.45;P=0.018).Conclusions:SSI after colectomy is relatively common.Patient health status and surgery-related factors,which independently influence the 30-day risk of SSI,should be carefully considered before surgery.展开更多
Debate regarding the premature aging of knee joints in acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients has remained contentious,with conjectures pointing towards its correlation with distinct antiviral regimes.Prote...Debate regarding the premature aging of knee joints in acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients has remained contentious,with conjectures pointing towards its correlation with distinct antiviral regimes.Protease inhibitors(PIs)stand as a prominent class of antiviral agents frequently utilized in AIDS management and have been significantly linked to premature senescence.This study aimed to investigate whether PI-containing regimens would accelerate osteoarthritis(OA)development and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying this association.A retrospective cohort of 151 HIV-infected individuals,categorized into PI and non-PI groups,was established.Patients in PI group exhibited lower KOOS and a higher prevalence of radiological knee OA than those in non-PI group.Additionally,25 anti-HIV drugs were screened and among all antiviral drugs,lopinavir had the most detrimental impact on cartilage anabolism,accelerating cartilage senescence and promoting mouse OA development.Mechanistically,lopinavir accelerated cellular senescence by inhibiting Zmpste24 and interfering nuclear membrane stability,which leads to decreased binding between nuclear membrane-binding protein Usp7 and Mdm2 and activates Usp7/Mdm2/p53 pathway.Zmpste24 overexpression reduces OA severity in mice.These findings suggest that PI-containing regimens accelerate cartilage senescence and OA development through Zmpste24 inhibition,which provides new insights into the selection of HIV regimens.展开更多
Objective Pneumoconiosis,a lung disease caused by irreversible fibrosis,represents a significant public health burden.This study investigates the causal relationships between gut microbiota,gene methylation,gene expre...Objective Pneumoconiosis,a lung disease caused by irreversible fibrosis,represents a significant public health burden.This study investigates the causal relationships between gut microbiota,gene methylation,gene expression,protein levels,and pneumoconiosis using a multi-omics approach and Mendelian randomization(MR).Methods We analyzed gut microbiota data from MiBioGen and Esteban et al.to assess their potential causal effects on pneumoconiosis subtypes(asbestosis,silicosis,and inorganic pneumoconiosis)using conventional and summary-data-based MR(SMR).Gene methylation and expression data from Genotype-Tissue Expression and eQTLGen,along with protein level data from deCODE and UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project,were examined in relation to pneumoconiosis data from FinnGen.To validate our findings,we assessed self-measured gut flora from a pneumoconiosis cohort and performed fine mapping,drug prediction,molecular docking,and Phenome-Wide Association Studies to explore relevant phenotypes of key genes.Results Three core gut microorganisms were identified:Romboutsia(OR=0.249)as a protective factor against silicosis,Pasteurellaceae(OR=3.207)and Haemophilus parainfluenzae(OR=2.343)as risk factors for inorganic pneumoconiosis.Additionally,mapping and quantitative trait loci analyses revealed that the genes VIM,STX8,and MIF were significantly associated with pneumoconiosis risk.Conclusions This multi-omics study highlights the associations between gut microbiota and key genes(VIM,STX8,MIF)with pneumoconiosis,offering insights into potential therapeutic targets and personalized treatment strategies.展开更多
Both Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection and liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), have high prevalences worldwide, and the relatio...Both Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection and liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), have high prevalences worldwide, and the relationship between H. pylori infection and liver disease has been discussed for many years. Although positive correlations between H. pylori and NAFLD have been identified in some clinical and experimental studies, nega-tive correlations have also been obtained in high-quality clinical studies. Associations between H. pylori and the pathogenesis of chronic viral hepatitis, mainly disease progression with fibrosis, have also been suggested in some clinical studies. Concerning HCC, a possible role for H. pylori in hepatocarcinogenesis has been identified since H. pylori genes have frequently been detected in resected HCC specimens. However, no study hasrevealed the direct involvement of H. pylori in promoting the development of HCC. Although findings regarding the correlations between H. pylori and liver disease pathogenesis have been accumulating, the existing data do not completely lead to an unequivocal conclusion. Further high-quality clinical and experimental analyses are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of H. pylori eradication in ameliorating the histopathological changes observed in each liver disease.展开更多
Cirrhosis develops from liver fibrosis and is the severe pathological stage of all chronic liver injury. Cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection is especially common. Liver fibrosis and c...Cirrhosis develops from liver fibrosis and is the severe pathological stage of all chronic liver injury. Cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection is especially common. Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis involve excess production of extracellular matrix,which is closely related to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSECs). Damaged LSECs can synthesize transforming growth factor-beta and platelet-derived growth factor,which activate hepatic stellate cells and facilitate the synthesis of extracellular matrix. Herein,we highlight the angiogenic cytokines of LSECs related to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis at different stages and focus on the formation and development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Inhibition of LSEC angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy are described in detail. Targeting LSECs has high therapeutic potential for liver diseases. Further understanding of the mechanism of action will provide stronger evidence for the development of anti-LSEC drugs and new directions for diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.展开更多
Abstract Clinical and animal studies have indicated that propofol has potential for abuse, but the specific neurobi- ological mechanism underlying propofol reward is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was...Abstract Clinical and animal studies have indicated that propofol has potential for abuse, but the specific neurobi- ological mechanism underlying propofol reward is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to inves- tigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） signal transduction pathways in the nucleus accumbens （NAc） in propofol self-administration. We tested the expression of p-ERK in the NAc following the maintenance of propofol self-administration in rats. We also assessed the effect of administration of SCH23390, an antagonist of the D1 dopamine receptor, on the expression of p-ERK in the NAc in propofol self-administering rats, and examined the effects of intra-NAc injection of U0126, an MEK inhibitor, on propofol reinforcement in rats. The results showed that the expression of p-ERK in the NAc increased significantly in rats maintained on propofol, and pre-treatment with SCH23390 inhibited the propofol self- administration and diminished the expression of p-ERK in the NAc. Moreover, intra-NAc injection of U0126 （4 μg/ side） attenuated the propofol self-administration. The data suggest that ERK signal transduction pathways coupledwith D1 dopamine receptors in the NAc may be involved in the maintenance of propofol self-administration and its rewarding effects.展开更多
The roles of multi-drug resistance protein 1 （MDR1）, multi-drug resistance related protein 1 （MRP1）, lung resistance protein （LRP） and breast cancer resistance protein （BCRP） in the multi-drug resistance （MDR...The roles of multi-drug resistance protein 1 （MDR1）, multi-drug resistance related protein 1 （MRP1）, lung resistance protein （LRP） and breast cancer resistance protein （BCRP） in the multi-drug resistance （MDR） of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） were studied. By exposing HepG2 cell line to progressively increased concentrations of adriamycin （ADM）, HepG2 multi-drug resistant subline （HepG2/ADM） was induced. The MDR index of HepG2/ADM was detected by using MTT. The expressions of the four MDR proteins in the three cell lines （L02, HepG2, HepG2/ADM） were investigated at mRNA and protein levels by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Our results showed that when the ADM concentration was under 100 pg/L, HepG2 could easily be induced to be drug-resistant. The IC50 of the HepG2/ADM to ADM was 282 times that of HepG2. The expression of MDR1 and BCRP mRNA in HepG2/ADM cells were 400 and 9 times that of HepG2 cells respectively while there was no difference in the mRNA expressions of MRPl and LRE There was no difference between HepG2 and L02 cells in the mRNA expressions of the four genes. At the protein level, the expressions of MDRI, BCRP and LRP but MRPl in HepG2/ADM were significantly higher than those of HepG2 and L02. Between HepG2 and L02, there was no difference in the expressions of four genes at the protein level. HepG2/ADM is a good model for the study of MDR. The four genes are probably the normally expressed gene in liver. The expressions of MDRl and BCRP could be up-regulated by anti-cancer agents in vitro. The MDR of HCC was mainly due to the up-regulation of MDR1 and BCRP but MRP1 and LRE These findings suggest they may serve as targets for the reversal of MDR of HCC.展开更多
AIM: To investigate whether there was a relationship between the liver functions and fibrosis scores of hepatitis B patients and their TNF-α, IFN-γ,IL-4, and TGF-β1 serum levels based on the studies of liver biopsi...AIM: To investigate whether there was a relationship between the liver functions and fibrosis scores of hepatitis B patients and their TNF-α, IFN-γ,IL-4, and TGF-β1 serum levels based on the studies of liver biopsies. METHODS: Thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving no treatment and 30 healthy individuals with negative hepatitis serology and normal values of liver biochemistry were studied. After serum samples of the patients were collected, liver needle biopsy was performed on each patient. Cytokine levels were studied by ELISA. The biopsy materials were scored based on Knodell's histological activity index. RESULTS: In comparison of cytokine levels between CHB patients and control group, TNF-α,IL-4, and TGPβ1 levels of the patients were higher in CHB patients than in the controls, while IFN-γ level was lower in the patients than in the controls. There were significant differences between the groups in TNF-α, IL-4, TGF-β1, and IFN-γ(P<0.005, 0.03, 0.002, 0.0001,respectively).There was a negative correlation between TGF-β1 and IL-4 and IFN-γ(P<0.05), TNF-α and the other cytokines and IFN-γ and IL-4 were not correlated (P>0.05). TGF-β1 was correlated with fibrosis (P<0.05).Liver necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis and TNF-α, IL-4, and IFN-γ were not correlated (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: In the course of HBV infection and its chronic progress, cytokines play an important role. IL-4 and IFN-γ are effective in the chronic progression, while TGF-β1 is effective in the development of fibrosis. Serum cytokine levels may be effective tools in the estimation of chronic progression and fibrosis development.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the arguments for and against the possible roles of H pylori in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： We performed a systematic review of all relevant studies published in the literature. A tot...AIM： To evaluate the arguments for and against the possible roles of H pylori in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： We performed a systematic review of all relevant studies published in the literature. A total of 103 clinical trials and reports were identified, but only 10 trials qualified under our selection criteria. A metaanalysis was carried out by a biostatistician according to the Cochrane Reviewers＇ Handbook recommended by The Cochrane Collaboration. RESULTS： Nine case-control studies and one retrospective cross sectional study were included in the final analysis. Overall the prevalence of H pylori infection was 53.3% （129 of 242） in cases and 10.4% （29 of 280） in controls, and the summary odds ratio for the association of H pylori infection with the risk for HCC （using the fixed-effects model, which accounted for the homogeneity across the 10 studies） was determined to be 13.63 （95% CI, 7.90-23.49）. CONCLUSION： Our analysis showed a positive association between F1 pylori infection and the risk of HCC, with an indication of possible publication bias and possible confounders due to study designs that showed results of less pronounced associations.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of influenza A virus H1N1 infection on the proliferation and apoptosis of mouse astrocytes cells and its protein expression.Methods:After mouse astrocytes was infected with purifie...Objective:To investigate the effects of influenza A virus H1N1 infection on the proliferation and apoptosis of mouse astrocytes cells and its protein expression.Methods:After mouse astrocytes was infected with purified influenza A virus H1N1 in vitro,viral integration and replication status of the cells were detected by RT-PCR assay,cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined by MTT method and flow cytometry,respectively.Associated protein expression was delected by Western blotting.Results:Agarose gel electrophoresis showed H1N1 virus can infect astrocytes and can be copied.MTT staining showed H1N1 virus infection can inhibit the proliferation of mouse astrocytes,which makes cell viability decreased significantly.Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of Annein V staining positive vascular endothelial cells in the influenza A virus group was significantly higher than that in the control group.Western blot analysis showed after24 h and 32 h of infection,there were cells caspase-3 protein and the expression of its active form(lysed caspase-3 protein)increased.The proportion of Bax/Bcl-2 also increased.Conclusions:Influenza A virus can infect human vascular endothelial cells and proliferation and it can induce apoptosis of endothelial cells.展开更多
基金Hospital Management Innovation Program of Jiangsu Hospital Association in 2021(Project No.:JSYGY-3-2021-511)。
文摘Objective:To explore the trend of detection and antimicrobial resistance of Serratia marcescens with different infection types for 7 consecutive years,to provide a reference for future studies for the control of S.marcescens infections and a rational selection of antibiotics.Methods:S.marcescens isolates were collected from 2014 to 2020,and the trend of detection and antimicrobial resistance were analyzed according to different types of infection.Results:For 7 consecutive years,the data showed that patients with S.marcescens infections were mainly from the intensive care unit(ICU)(384 isolates,40.98%),and the isolates recovered were mainly from sputum samples(743 isolates,79.30%).The number of isolated strains increased every year,and the average rate of detection ranged from 0.60%to 0.80%.The detection rate of S.marcescens with hospital-acquired infections(HAI)showed a downward trend and that of S.marcescens with colonization showed an upward trend.The detection rate of multidrug-resistant S.marcescens fluctuated between 8.33%–16.89%.The resistance rate of S.marcescens to piperacillin was 17.0%–29.06%and the resistance rate to piperacillin tazobactam was 2.95%–13.13%.For cephalosporin antibiotics,the resistance rates of S.marcescens to cefuroxime and cefazolin were>99%and the resistance rates to ceftazidime and cefepime were<13%.The resistance rate of S.marcescens to aminoglycoside antibiotics,especially amikacin,was the lowest.The resistance rate of S.marcescens with community-acquired infections(CAI)to carbapenems was higher than that with HAI and colonization.Conclusion:The different infection types of S.marcescens have different detection and epidemic trends.In addition,resistance to carbapenems is different across the strains.
文摘AIM： To assess the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection in Albania. METHODS： Blood samples from 410 unselected schoolboys, 666 students, 500 military personnel, 1286 casual blood donors, 378 voluntary blood donors and 640 pregnant women （total 3880 non-vaccinated residents of rural and metropolitan areas from all over Albania; 2354 （60.7%） male and 1526 （39.3%） female; mean age of 26.3 years） were tested during 2004-2006 for hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） and antibodies to hepatitis B virus （anti-HBs） by ELISA. RESULTS： The HBsAg and anti-HBs prevalence were 9.5% and 28.7%, respectively. The highest HI3sAg prevalence was evident in the younger age group, such as in schoolchildren （11.8%） and the military （10.6%）. Consequently, the anti-HBs prevalence increased with age, from 21.2% in schoolchildren （mean age： 15.7 years）, to 36.3% in pregnant women （mean age： 26.3 years） and 29.7% in voluntary blood donors （mean age： 40.1 years）. There were no significant differences between males and females. CONCLUSION： Despite the estimated two-fold reduction of HBsAg prevalence in the general population from about 18%-19% to 9.5%, Albania remains a highly endemic country （i.e. over 8% of HBsAg prevalence rate）.
基金Supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare and the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology of Japan
文摘A 47-year-old man presented with general fatigue and dark urine.The laboratory data showed increased levels of hepatic transaminases.The patient was positive for hepatitis B virus(HBV)markers and negative for antihuman immunodeficiency virus.The HBV-DNA titer was set to 7.7 log copies/mL.The patient was diagnosed with acute hepatitis B.The HBV infection route was obscure.The serum levels of hepatic transaminases decreased to normal ranges without any treatment,but the HBVDNA status was maintained for at least 26 mo,indicating the presence of persistent infection.We isolated HBV from the acute-phase serum and determined the genome sequence.A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolated HBV was genotype H.In this patient,the elevated peak level of HBV-DNA and the risk alleles at human genome single nucleotide polymorphisms s3077and rs9277535 in the human leukocyte antigen-DP locus were considered to be risk factors for chronic infection.This case suggests that there is a risk of persistent infection by HBV genotype H following acute hepatitis;further cases of HBV genotype H infection must be identified and characterized.Thus,the complete determination of the HBV genotype may be essential during routine clinical care of acute hepatitis B outpatients.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:52178080Major Research Project of the Hospital Management Research Institute of the National Health Commission,Grant/Award Number:GY2023011National Institute of Hospital Administration Management of China,Grant/Award Number:GY2023049。
文摘Remarkable progress has been made in infection prevention and control(IPC)in many countries,but some gaps emerged in the context of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Core capabilities such as standard clinical precautions and tracing the source of infection were the focus of IPC in medical institutions during the pandemic.Therefore,the core competences of IPC professionals during the pandemic,and how these contributed to successful prevention and control of the epidemic,should be studied.To investigate,using a systematic review and cluster analysis,fundamental improvements in the competences of infection control and prevention professionals that may be emphasized in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.We searched the PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,WanFang Data,and CBM databases for original articles exploring core competencies of IPC professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic(from January 1,2020 to February 7,2023).Weiciyun software was used for data extraction and the Donohue formula was followed to distinguish high-frequency technical terms.Cluster analysis was performed using the within-group linkage method and squared Euclidean distance as the metric to determine the priority competencies for development.We identified 46 studies with 29 high-frequency technical terms.The most common term was“infection prevention and control training”(184 times,17.3%),followed by“hand hygiene”(172 times,16.2%).“Infection prevention and control in clinical practice”was the most-reported core competency(367 times,34.5%),followed by“microbiology and surveillance”(292 times,27.5%).Cluster analysis showed two key areas of competence:Category 1(program management and leadership,patient safety and occupational health,education and microbiology and surveillance)and Category 2(IPC in clinical practice).During the COVID-19 pandemic,IPC program management and leadership,microbiology and surveillance,education,patient safety,and occupational health were the most important focus of development and should be given due consideration by IPC professionals.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272396)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2022-00061).
文摘Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide.Although most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and patients with preexisting liver diseases,who often experience anorexia,nausea,vom-iting,malaise,abdominal pain,and jaundice.HEV infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed individuals.In addition,HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic manifestations.HEV exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across species.Hence,animals susceptible to HEV can be used as models.The establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission,clinical symptoms,extrahepatic manifestations,and therapeutic strategies,which will help us understand the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment of hepatitis E.This review summarized the animal models of HEV,including pigs,monkeys,rabbits,mice,rats,and other animals.For each animal species,we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with,the cross-species transmission pathways,as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations,prevention,and treatment of HEV infection.The advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also emphasized.This review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models.
基金supported by the national basic research program of China (Grant number:No. 2007CB512900)the national natural science foundation of China (Grant number:No. 30872237)
文摘Host genetic,environmental and viral factors are classified as three categories that determine clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection.The objective of this study was to detect the associations between polymorphisms rs346473 and rs346482 in Rho GTPase-activating protein 24（ARHGAP24） gene and disease progression of HBV infection in Han Chinese population.These two SNPs were found by our DNA pooling using Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human Mapping SNP6.0 Array in HBV carriers,and verified by using TaqMan 7900HT Sequence Detection System with 758 progressed HBV carriers versus 300 asymptomatic HBV carriers（AsC） in a discovery phase and 971 progressed HBV carriers versus 328 AsC in a replication phase.Multivariable logistic regression revealed that individuals with genotype TT at variant rs346473 displayed remarkable correlations with disease progression of HBV infection both in the discovery phase（OR,2.693;95% CI,1.928-3.760;P=6.2×10-9;additive model） and the replication phase（OR,1.490;95% CI,1.104-2.012;P=9.0×10-3;additive model）.These two SNPs were in strong linkage disequilibrium with D＇=0.99 and r2=0.951,and haplotype TT disclosed an increased susceptibility to HBV progression（OR,1.980;95% CI,1.538-2.545;P=8.1×10-8）.These findings suggest that polymorphism rs346473 in the ARHGAP24 gene might be a part of the genetic variants underlying the susceptibility of HBV carriers to disease progression.
文摘Introduction: The rate of latent tuberculosis infections (LTBIs) in health care workers (HCWs) is higher than that in non-HCWs. We studied to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of LTBIs and the acceptance rate for treatment of LTBI among HCWs in South Korea, a country with an intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden. Methodology: LTBI screening was conducted for HCWs at a tertiary and a secondary hospital from April 2017 to August 2017. This was a retrospective study included all HCWs who underwent LTBI examination. HCWs were classified by the degree of risk into four groups, based on two factors: possibility of exposure to TB, and impact on patients at the time of TB onset in the HCWs. The interferon-gamma release assay was used for the diagnosis of LTBI. Results: A total of 1326 HCWs were included;they comprised 801 HCWs from a tertiary hospital and 525 from a secondary hospital. A total of 235 (17.7%) HCWs were diagnosed with LTBIs. According to risk classification, there was no significant difference (P = 0.24). In multivariate analysis, age was the only independent risk factor (P Conclusions: HCWs did not show any significant difference in the rate of LTBI by the degree of risk, and age was the independent risk factor. LTBI screening should be conducted for all HCWs regardless of risk classification.
文摘Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)is a new infectious disease that appeared in whan in December 2019 Since January23,the national health and fitmess commission has required hospitals to be designated in accordance with the principle of"concentrating patients,experts,resources and treatment".Designated hospitals are often the strength of the general hospital and general hospital complex layers of various kinds of personnel,campus area is large,multi-channel,ordinary outpatient accepts people more,for emergency and severe cases treatment in patients with normal difficulty pressuure big,suspected/confirmed cases,combined with the COVID-19 occurred when the traditional holiday,the country launched the emergency response since,process reform faces a difficult labor,shortage of mampower,protective shortages,short time limit,and many other difficulties,hospital infection prevention and control is facing unprecedented pressure.In this paper,the West China-Guang'an Hospital,Sichuan University(Guang'an people's hospital)as a designated hospital,on the basis of the relevant scheme of the national health committee,epidemic prevention and control of the actual,combined with comprehensive hospital leadership,mampower allocation,protection,security,patient management,disinfection isolation,preview triage,preventive measures,training,monitoring,etc.,with practical experience summary for the COVID-19 diring the hospital infection prevention and control to improve the practice exploration.
文摘This retrospective study was conducted at the National Institute of Neuroscience & Hospital, Agargaon, Dhaka from October, 2016 to March, 2017 with a view to finding out the incidence of UTI patients with aiming of testing & drug susceptibility. In order to conduct this study, consecutive urine samples of 200 of a total population of both sexes and various age groups were taken from both outpatient and inpatient departments. There were marked gender variations in all age groups, which comprised members between 2 and 80 years of age, and they were requested to provide urine samples for examination. Among them 22.50% of specimens yielded positive culture. UTI is more prevalent in females than in males. The most common isolates were E. coli (15%), Enterococcus sspp. (0.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.50%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (3.50%) and pseudomanas (1.00%). Azithromycin and ceftriaxone showed the highest sensitivity against E. coli but Nitrofuranton, Gentamicin and Cefixime showed comparatively lower sensitivity against E. coli. Nitrofuranton, and Cefurixime showed the highest sensitivity against S. saprophyticus but Ceftazidime showed the lowest sensitivity against S. saprophyticus. Meropenem showed the highest sensitivity against S. aureus but Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefurixime, Amoxyxillin, Gentamicin and Nitrofuranton showed comparatively lower sensitivity against S. aureus. Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Imupenem, Doxycyclin, Co-trimoxazole and Meropenem showed the highest sensitivity against Pseudomonas spp. but Nitrofuranton, Gentamicin, Amoxycillin, Cefurixime, Ceftazidime and Ceftriaxone showed comparatively lower sensitivity against Pseudomonas spp. All the antibiotics used showed 100% sensitivity against Enterococcus spp.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81973840the Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Major Science and Technology projects,No.2021XYCZ004。
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancerrelated deaths in China,and the treatment options are limited.The cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS)activates the stimulator of interferon gene(STING)signaling pathway as a crucial immune response pathway in the cytoplasm,which detects cytoplasmic DNA to regulate innate and adaptive immune responses.As a potential therapeutic target,cGASSTING pathway markedly inhibits tumor cell proliferation and metastasis,with its activation being particularly relevant in HCC.However,prolonged pathway activation may lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,which fostering the invasion or metastasis of liver tumor cells.AIM To investigate the dual-regulation mechanism of cGAS-STING in HCC.METHODS This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.The study conducted a comprehensive search for articles related to HCC on PubMed and Web of Science databases.Through rigorous screening and meticulous analysis of the retrieved literature,the research aimed to summarize and elucidate the impact of the cGAS-STING pathway on HCC tumors.RESULTS All authors collaboratively selected studies for inclusion,extracted data,and the initial search of online databases yielded 1445 studies.After removing duplicates,remaining 964 records were screened.Ultimately,55 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.CONCLUSION Acute inflammation can have a few inhibitory effects on cancer,while chronic inflammation generally promotes its progression.Extended cGAS-STING pathway activation will result in a suppressive tumor microenvironment.
基金funded by the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City under contract number 136/2024/HĐ-ĐHYD,dated 17/04/2024.
文摘Objective:To determine the surgical site infection(SSI)rate and related factors in patients undergoing colectomy at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 298 patients,aged 18 years or older,who underwent colectomy at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City from January to October 2023.Demographic,general characteristics,and surgical characteristics data were collected from medical records using a structured questionnaire.SSIs were diagnosed within 30 days after surgery based on CDC criteria.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing infection rates,with significance set at P<0.05.Results:A total of 298 patients underwent colectomy,with a median age of 64 years,54.4%of them were male,and 47.3%had a normal BMI.The SSI rate was 12.1%and Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequent pathogen.Key characteristics of SSI included abscess formation(83.3%)and the presence of pus or exudate(100%).The risk factors for SSI included preoperative hospital stay(OR 1.13,95%CI 1.03-1.22;P=0.008),surgical approach(OR 0.32,95%CI 0.14-0.76;P=0.01),and surgical incision classified as infected(OR 3.21,95%CI 1.22-8.45;P=0.018).Conclusions:SSI after colectomy is relatively common.Patient health status and surgery-related factors,which independently influence the 30-day risk of SSI,should be carefully considered before surgery.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(82472476)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YG2023ZD15)+2 种基金The Youth Talent Program from Shanghai Health System(2022YQ020)AI-Driven Reform of Research Paradigms Empowers Discipline Advancement Initiatives from Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(Grant No.JWAIZD-7)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1437300).
文摘Debate regarding the premature aging of knee joints in acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients has remained contentious,with conjectures pointing towards its correlation with distinct antiviral regimes.Protease inhibitors(PIs)stand as a prominent class of antiviral agents frequently utilized in AIDS management and have been significantly linked to premature senescence.This study aimed to investigate whether PI-containing regimens would accelerate osteoarthritis(OA)development and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying this association.A retrospective cohort of 151 HIV-infected individuals,categorized into PI and non-PI groups,was established.Patients in PI group exhibited lower KOOS and a higher prevalence of radiological knee OA than those in non-PI group.Additionally,25 anti-HIV drugs were screened and among all antiviral drugs,lopinavir had the most detrimental impact on cartilage anabolism,accelerating cartilage senescence and promoting mouse OA development.Mechanistically,lopinavir accelerated cellular senescence by inhibiting Zmpste24 and interfering nuclear membrane stability,which leads to decreased binding between nuclear membrane-binding protein Usp7 and Mdm2 and activates Usp7/Mdm2/p53 pathway.Zmpste24 overexpression reduces OA severity in mice.These findings suggest that PI-containing regimens accelerate cartilage senescence and OA development through Zmpste24 inhibition,which provides new insights into the selection of HIV regimens.
基金the Central Guidance for Regional Science and Technology Development Projects(YDZJSX2024B010)Research project of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission(2024067)。
文摘Objective Pneumoconiosis,a lung disease caused by irreversible fibrosis,represents a significant public health burden.This study investigates the causal relationships between gut microbiota,gene methylation,gene expression,protein levels,and pneumoconiosis using a multi-omics approach and Mendelian randomization(MR).Methods We analyzed gut microbiota data from MiBioGen and Esteban et al.to assess their potential causal effects on pneumoconiosis subtypes(asbestosis,silicosis,and inorganic pneumoconiosis)using conventional and summary-data-based MR(SMR).Gene methylation and expression data from Genotype-Tissue Expression and eQTLGen,along with protein level data from deCODE and UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project,were examined in relation to pneumoconiosis data from FinnGen.To validate our findings,we assessed self-measured gut flora from a pneumoconiosis cohort and performed fine mapping,drug prediction,molecular docking,and Phenome-Wide Association Studies to explore relevant phenotypes of key genes.Results Three core gut microorganisms were identified:Romboutsia(OR=0.249)as a protective factor against silicosis,Pasteurellaceae(OR=3.207)and Haemophilus parainfluenzae(OR=2.343)as risk factors for inorganic pneumoconiosis.Additionally,mapping and quantitative trait loci analyses revealed that the genes VIM,STX8,and MIF were significantly associated with pneumoconiosis risk.Conclusions This multi-omics study highlights the associations between gut microbiota and key genes(VIM,STX8,MIF)with pneumoconiosis,offering insights into potential therapeutic targets and personalized treatment strategies.
文摘Both Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection and liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), viral hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), have high prevalences worldwide, and the relationship between H. pylori infection and liver disease has been discussed for many years. Although positive correlations between H. pylori and NAFLD have been identified in some clinical and experimental studies, nega-tive correlations have also been obtained in high-quality clinical studies. Associations between H. pylori and the pathogenesis of chronic viral hepatitis, mainly disease progression with fibrosis, have also been suggested in some clinical studies. Concerning HCC, a possible role for H. pylori in hepatocarcinogenesis has been identified since H. pylori genes have frequently been detected in resected HCC specimens. However, no study hasrevealed the direct involvement of H. pylori in promoting the development of HCC. Although findings regarding the correlations between H. pylori and liver disease pathogenesis have been accumulating, the existing data do not completely lead to an unequivocal conclusion. Further high-quality clinical and experimental analyses are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of H. pylori eradication in ameliorating the histopathological changes observed in each liver disease.
基金Supported by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST,No.2016QNRC001Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.7172187
文摘Cirrhosis develops from liver fibrosis and is the severe pathological stage of all chronic liver injury. Cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection is especially common. Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis involve excess production of extracellular matrix,which is closely related to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSECs). Damaged LSECs can synthesize transforming growth factor-beta and platelet-derived growth factor,which activate hepatic stellate cells and facilitate the synthesis of extracellular matrix. Herein,we highlight the angiogenic cytokines of LSECs related to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis at different stages and focus on the formation and development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Inhibition of LSEC angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy are described in detail. Targeting LSECs has high therapeutic potential for liver diseases. Further understanding of the mechanism of action will provide stronger evidence for the development of anti-LSEC drugs and new directions for diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81271469 and 81471350)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Z2101211 and Y20140692)a Medical Health Project of Zhejiang Province, China(2014KYB161)
文摘Abstract Clinical and animal studies have indicated that propofol has potential for abuse, but the specific neurobi- ological mechanism underlying propofol reward is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to inves- tigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK） signal transduction pathways in the nucleus accumbens （NAc） in propofol self-administration. We tested the expression of p-ERK in the NAc following the maintenance of propofol self-administration in rats. We also assessed the effect of administration of SCH23390, an antagonist of the D1 dopamine receptor, on the expression of p-ERK in the NAc in propofol self-administering rats, and examined the effects of intra-NAc injection of U0126, an MEK inhibitor, on propofol reinforcement in rats. The results showed that the expression of p-ERK in the NAc increased significantly in rats maintained on propofol, and pre-treatment with SCH23390 inhibited the propofol self- administration and diminished the expression of p-ERK in the NAc. Moreover, intra-NAc injection of U0126 （4 μg/ side） attenuated the propofol self-administration. The data suggest that ERK signal transduction pathways coupledwith D1 dopamine receptors in the NAc may be involved in the maintenance of propofol self-administration and its rewarding effects.
基金This project was supported by a grant from the Foundation for Key Scientific Research Programs of Ministry of Health of China (No. 20012003)
文摘The roles of multi-drug resistance protein 1 （MDR1）, multi-drug resistance related protein 1 （MRP1）, lung resistance protein （LRP） and breast cancer resistance protein （BCRP） in the multi-drug resistance （MDR） of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） were studied. By exposing HepG2 cell line to progressively increased concentrations of adriamycin （ADM）, HepG2 multi-drug resistant subline （HepG2/ADM） was induced. The MDR index of HepG2/ADM was detected by using MTT. The expressions of the four MDR proteins in the three cell lines （L02, HepG2, HepG2/ADM） were investigated at mRNA and protein levels by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Our results showed that when the ADM concentration was under 100 pg/L, HepG2 could easily be induced to be drug-resistant. The IC50 of the HepG2/ADM to ADM was 282 times that of HepG2. The expression of MDR1 and BCRP mRNA in HepG2/ADM cells were 400 and 9 times that of HepG2 cells respectively while there was no difference in the mRNA expressions of MRPl and LRE There was no difference between HepG2 and L02 cells in the mRNA expressions of the four genes. At the protein level, the expressions of MDRI, BCRP and LRP but MRPl in HepG2/ADM were significantly higher than those of HepG2 and L02. Between HepG2 and L02, there was no difference in the expressions of four genes at the protein level. HepG2/ADM is a good model for the study of MDR. The four genes are probably the normally expressed gene in liver. The expressions of MDRl and BCRP could be up-regulated by anti-cancer agents in vitro. The MDR of HCC was mainly due to the up-regulation of MDR1 and BCRP but MRP1 and LRE These findings suggest they may serve as targets for the reversal of MDR of HCC.
文摘AIM: To investigate whether there was a relationship between the liver functions and fibrosis scores of hepatitis B patients and their TNF-α, IFN-γ,IL-4, and TGF-β1 serum levels based on the studies of liver biopsies. METHODS: Thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving no treatment and 30 healthy individuals with negative hepatitis serology and normal values of liver biochemistry were studied. After serum samples of the patients were collected, liver needle biopsy was performed on each patient. Cytokine levels were studied by ELISA. The biopsy materials were scored based on Knodell's histological activity index. RESULTS: In comparison of cytokine levels between CHB patients and control group, TNF-α,IL-4, and TGPβ1 levels of the patients were higher in CHB patients than in the controls, while IFN-γ level was lower in the patients than in the controls. There were significant differences between the groups in TNF-α, IL-4, TGF-β1, and IFN-γ(P<0.005, 0.03, 0.002, 0.0001,respectively).There was a negative correlation between TGF-β1 and IL-4 and IFN-γ(P<0.05), TNF-α and the other cytokines and IFN-γ and IL-4 were not correlated (P>0.05). TGF-β1 was correlated with fibrosis (P<0.05).Liver necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis and TNF-α, IL-4, and IFN-γ were not correlated (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: In the course of HBV infection and its chronic progress, cytokines play an important role. IL-4 and IFN-γ are effective in the chronic progression, while TGF-β1 is effective in the development of fibrosis. Serum cytokine levels may be effective tools in the estimation of chronic progression and fibrosis development.
文摘AIM： To evaluate the arguments for and against the possible roles of H pylori in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. METHODS： We performed a systematic review of all relevant studies published in the literature. A total of 103 clinical trials and reports were identified, but only 10 trials qualified under our selection criteria. A metaanalysis was carried out by a biostatistician according to the Cochrane Reviewers＇ Handbook recommended by The Cochrane Collaboration. RESULTS： Nine case-control studies and one retrospective cross sectional study were included in the final analysis. Overall the prevalence of H pylori infection was 53.3% （129 of 242） in cases and 10.4% （29 of 280） in controls, and the summary odds ratio for the association of H pylori infection with the risk for HCC （using the fixed-effects model, which accounted for the homogeneity across the 10 studies） was determined to be 13.63 （95% CI, 7.90-23.49）. CONCLUSION： Our analysis showed a positive association between F1 pylori infection and the risk of HCC, with an indication of possible publication bias and possible confounders due to study designs that showed results of less pronounced associations.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of influenza A virus H1N1 infection on the proliferation and apoptosis of mouse astrocytes cells and its protein expression.Methods:After mouse astrocytes was infected with purified influenza A virus H1N1 in vitro,viral integration and replication status of the cells were detected by RT-PCR assay,cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined by MTT method and flow cytometry,respectively.Associated protein expression was delected by Western blotting.Results:Agarose gel electrophoresis showed H1N1 virus can infect astrocytes and can be copied.MTT staining showed H1N1 virus infection can inhibit the proliferation of mouse astrocytes,which makes cell viability decreased significantly.Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of Annein V staining positive vascular endothelial cells in the influenza A virus group was significantly higher than that in the control group.Western blot analysis showed after24 h and 32 h of infection,there were cells caspase-3 protein and the expression of its active form(lysed caspase-3 protein)increased.The proportion of Bax/Bcl-2 also increased.Conclusions:Influenza A virus can infect human vascular endothelial cells and proliferation and it can induce apoptosis of endothelial cells.
