Objective To determine whether co-administration of mixed steriod hormones can enhance the restoration of spermatogenesis damaged by gossypol acetic acid （GA）. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were treated daily for 8...Objective To determine whether co-administration of mixed steriod hormones can enhance the restoration of spermatogenesis damaged by gossypol acetic acid （GA）. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were treated daily for 8 weeks with GA at 50mg/kg plus testosterone undercanoate （100 mg/kg）/desogestrel （0.125 mg/kg）/mini-dose ethinylestradiol （0.025 mg/kg） （TU/DSG/EE）, followed by a period of 9 weeks for recovery. Control animals were administered the same dose of GA or TU/DSG/EE, and vehicle, respectively. Testis weight, testicular sperm head count and histological analysis were utilized to assess the spermatogenesis. Results At the end of the 9-week reovery period, in rats given GA alone, spermato- genesis steadily declined. However, when rats received combined hormone adminis- tration during GA treatment, this decline was prevented and an complete recovery of spermagenesis occurred. The haploid spermatids and spermatocytes was not to be protected but to be more aggravatedly damaged. The excellent recovery must have resulted from that the hormone treatment could protect the ability of stem spermatogonia to differentialte and evolve progressively into mature spermatozoa. In addition, the concentrations of serum LH, FSH and intratesticular testosteron （ITT） notably decreased after 2 or 8 weeks of treatment, then returned to control levels at the end of 9-week recovery period.Conclusion Steriod hormone treatment enhaces the recovery of spermatogenesis through preventing seminiferous epithelim from GA-induced destructive damage in rats. The enhanced recovery was closely associated with the marked suppression in intratesticular testosteron （ITT）.展开更多
This study analyzed the relationship between the measured concentration of particulate matter (PM) and green area, which is an important spatial factor affecting urban PM concentration and even more carbon neutral in ...This study analyzed the relationship between the measured concentration of particulate matter (PM) and green area, which is an important spatial factor affecting urban PM concentration and even more carbon neutral in cities. In order to investigate the effects of green area, the green area ratio (GAR) is used and correlated with particulate matter. As a result of analyzing the correlation between GAR and PM concentration using the measured PM data, it was found that there was a positive correlation between the two variables. Hence, the higher the GAR, the lower the PM concentration. It can be said that the introduction of spatial elements with high GAR scores, such as parks and forests in cities, is effective in reducing PM concentration. In this study, a portable PM monitoring system using a vehicle for PM measurement was also established and operated. As a result, it was found that a PM monitoring system using a light-scattering sensor is an effective PM measurement method that can be used at the local government level. It was also found that a follow-up study is needed in the future to identify the PM mitigation functions of urban green areas according to the detailed characteristics of green areas as well as various environmental factors. This study can be used in air quality improvement activities and efforts as reference data by policy decision makers and in the field of environmental planning associated with the removal of airborne particulate matter pollution in urban areas.展开更多
Lung cancer causes more deaths than breast, colorectal and prostate cancers combined. Despite major advances in targeted therapy in a subset of lung adenocarcinomas, the overall 5-year survival rate for lung cancer wo...Lung cancer causes more deaths than breast, colorectal and prostate cancers combined. Despite major advances in targeted therapy in a subset of lung adenocarcinomas, the overall 5-year survival rate for lung cancer worldwide has not significantly changed for the last few decades. DNA repair deficiency is known to contribute to lung cancer development. In fact, human polymorphisms in DNA repair genes such as xeroderma pigmentosum group C （XPC） are highly associated with lung cancer incidence. However, the direct genetic evidence for the role of XPC for lung cancer development is still lacking. Mutations of the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog （Kras） or its downstream effector genes occur in almost all lung cancer cells, and there are a number of mouse models for lung cancer with these mutations. Using activated Kras, KrasTM, as a driver for lung cancer development in mice, we showed for the first time that mice with KrasTM and Xpc knockout had worst outcomes in lung cancer development, and this phenotype was associated with accumulated DNA damage. Using cultured ceils, we demonstrated that induced expression of oncogenic KR.ASG12v led to increased levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS） as well as DNA damage, and both can be suppressed by anti-oxidants. Our results suggest that XPC may help repair DNA damage caused by KRAS-mediated production of ROS.展开更多
Rose Bengal (RB) is a potential photosuturing agent that may improve standard dermatologic surgical closure techniques. However, RB produces reactive oxygen species with photoactivation and its photomutagenic potentia...Rose Bengal (RB) is a potential photosuturing agent that may improve standard dermatologic surgical closure techniques. However, RB produces reactive oxygen species with photoactivation and its photomutagenic potential must be considered in clinical application. We investigated cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and singlet oxygen (SO) production of RB on epithelial Chinese hamster ovary cell line. Cells were exposed to RB concentrations: 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001%;irradiated for 400 s using a high-intensity visible wavelength lamp or maintained in the dark. Cell viability was assessed by XTT assay, mutagenicity by HPRT gene mutation assay, and SO production by Sensor Green reagent. RB > 0.001% was significantly cytotoxic. Viabilities were uninfluenced by ≤0.0001% RB controls, or 30-min incubation. 49% of irradiated cells died after 24-h in 0.0001% RB. At ≥0.001% RB, >90% of cells died. Irradiating 0.00001% - 0.001% RB increased SO;levels dropped significantly between 0.01% - 0.1%. Controls exhibited negligible SO production. HPRT suggested that RB was not mutagenic (0.0001%, 0.00001%);SO induction increased between 0.00001% - 0.001%, with reduced production at higher concentrations. Pilot studies suggested irradiated 0.0001% RB is mutagenic in vitro;current data suggest RB is not photomutagenic. The contribution of RB’s cytotoxicity on observed clinical improvement of scars and mutagenic potential remains unclear, necessitating further study.展开更多
The present study verified that Korea landfalling tropical cyclone(TC) frequency was rapidly increased since 1981 through the statistical change-point analysis. The increase was due to the formation of anomalous south...The present study verified that Korea landfalling tropical cyclone(TC) frequency was rapidly increased since 1981 through the statistical change-point analysis. The increase was due to the formation of anomalous southerlies around Korea from the low latitude ultimately because anomalous cyclone was strengthened in East Asia continent due to the movement of western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH) to the east whereas anomalous anticyclone was strengthened in the western North Pacific. The anomalous southerlies played a role in steering flow that moved TCs generated in the subtropical western North Pacific to Korea. In order to determine the cause of strengthening of anomalous cyclone in East Asia continent, a snow depth during the preceding spring(March-May) was analyzed. The analysis result showed that most regions in East Asia had lower snow depth than that before 1981. Thus, anomalous cyclone can be developed in the region during summer due to heating in East Asia continent, which was started from the preceding spring, thereby forming a steering flow of anomalous southerlies that can move TCs into Korea. Furthermore, a correlation analysis between Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) and Korea landfalling TC frequency verified that negative correlation was somewhat stronger after 1981.展开更多
Suicide is a critical public health issue with rates varying across regions and demographic groups.Recent evidence suggests that ambient temperature may influence suicide risk.This study examines the association betwe...Suicide is a critical public health issue with rates varying across regions and demographic groups.Recent evidence suggests that ambient temperature may influence suicide risk.This study examines the association between temperature and suicide in Thailand’s tropical climate,focusing on Chiang Mai and Bangkok provinces,and quantifies the attributable burden.Daily suicide and meteorological data from 2002 to 2021 were analyzed using a time-stratified case-crossover approach with a distributed lag nonlinear model,adjusted for relative humidity.Province-specific estimates were pooled through a multivariate meta-regression model.The study found a positive,mostly linear association between temperature and suicide risk,with a relative risk(RR)of 1.70(95%CI:1.35,2.15)across the temperature range.Approximately 24.61%of suicides were attributable to temperature,with 12.05%due to hot temperatures above the 66th percentile.The pooled attributable fractions were higher in the 0−64 age group compared to those aged≥65,while differences between sexes were not statistically significant.This study highlights the significant association between higher ambient temperatures and increased suicide risks in Thailand,emphasizing the need to integrate climate considerations into mental health and suicide prevention policies.Further research across diverse climatic zones is essential for understanding climate influences on mental health globally.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30760267)The grants under Inner Mongolia Health & Medical development foundation (2006-033)+1 种基金Colleges and Universities Scientific Research Projects of Inner Mongolia Education Department (NJ06015)Health and Medical Development Foundation of Baotou (20060-28)
文摘Objective To determine whether co-administration of mixed steriod hormones can enhance the restoration of spermatogenesis damaged by gossypol acetic acid （GA）. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were treated daily for 8 weeks with GA at 50mg/kg plus testosterone undercanoate （100 mg/kg）/desogestrel （0.125 mg/kg）/mini-dose ethinylestradiol （0.025 mg/kg） （TU/DSG/EE）, followed by a period of 9 weeks for recovery. Control animals were administered the same dose of GA or TU/DSG/EE, and vehicle, respectively. Testis weight, testicular sperm head count and histological analysis were utilized to assess the spermatogenesis. Results At the end of the 9-week reovery period, in rats given GA alone, spermato- genesis steadily declined. However, when rats received combined hormone adminis- tration during GA treatment, this decline was prevented and an complete recovery of spermagenesis occurred. The haploid spermatids and spermatocytes was not to be protected but to be more aggravatedly damaged. The excellent recovery must have resulted from that the hormone treatment could protect the ability of stem spermatogonia to differentialte and evolve progressively into mature spermatozoa. In addition, the concentrations of serum LH, FSH and intratesticular testosteron （ITT） notably decreased after 2 or 8 weeks of treatment, then returned to control levels at the end of 9-week recovery period.Conclusion Steriod hormone treatment enhaces the recovery of spermatogenesis through preventing seminiferous epithelim from GA-induced destructive damage in rats. The enhanced recovery was closely associated with the marked suppression in intratesticular testosteron （ITT）.
文摘This study analyzed the relationship between the measured concentration of particulate matter (PM) and green area, which is an important spatial factor affecting urban PM concentration and even more carbon neutral in cities. In order to investigate the effects of green area, the green area ratio (GAR) is used and correlated with particulate matter. As a result of analyzing the correlation between GAR and PM concentration using the measured PM data, it was found that there was a positive correlation between the two variables. Hence, the higher the GAR, the lower the PM concentration. It can be said that the introduction of spatial elements with high GAR scores, such as parks and forests in cities, is effective in reducing PM concentration. In this study, a portable PM monitoring system using a vehicle for PM measurement was also established and operated. As a result, it was found that a PM monitoring system using a light-scattering sensor is an effective PM measurement method that can be used at the local government level. It was also found that a follow-up study is needed in the future to identify the PM mitigation functions of urban green areas according to the detailed characteristics of green areas as well as various environmental factors. This study can be used in air quality improvement activities and efforts as reference data by policy decision makers and in the field of environmental planning associated with the removal of airborne particulate matter pollution in urban areas.
基金supported by National Cancer Institute (Nos. R01CA155086 and R01CA94160) to J. Xie,National Institute of Environmental Sciences (No. RO1 ES018948) to I. Boldorgh
文摘Lung cancer causes more deaths than breast, colorectal and prostate cancers combined. Despite major advances in targeted therapy in a subset of lung adenocarcinomas, the overall 5-year survival rate for lung cancer worldwide has not significantly changed for the last few decades. DNA repair deficiency is known to contribute to lung cancer development. In fact, human polymorphisms in DNA repair genes such as xeroderma pigmentosum group C （XPC） are highly associated with lung cancer incidence. However, the direct genetic evidence for the role of XPC for lung cancer development is still lacking. Mutations of the Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog （Kras） or its downstream effector genes occur in almost all lung cancer cells, and there are a number of mouse models for lung cancer with these mutations. Using activated Kras, KrasTM, as a driver for lung cancer development in mice, we showed for the first time that mice with KrasTM and Xpc knockout had worst outcomes in lung cancer development, and this phenotype was associated with accumulated DNA damage. Using cultured ceils, we demonstrated that induced expression of oncogenic KR.ASG12v led to increased levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS） as well as DNA damage, and both can be suppressed by anti-oxidants. Our results suggest that XPC may help repair DNA damage caused by KRAS-mediated production of ROS.
文摘Rose Bengal (RB) is a potential photosuturing agent that may improve standard dermatologic surgical closure techniques. However, RB produces reactive oxygen species with photoactivation and its photomutagenic potential must be considered in clinical application. We investigated cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and singlet oxygen (SO) production of RB on epithelial Chinese hamster ovary cell line. Cells were exposed to RB concentrations: 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001%;irradiated for 400 s using a high-intensity visible wavelength lamp or maintained in the dark. Cell viability was assessed by XTT assay, mutagenicity by HPRT gene mutation assay, and SO production by Sensor Green reagent. RB > 0.001% was significantly cytotoxic. Viabilities were uninfluenced by ≤0.0001% RB controls, or 30-min incubation. 49% of irradiated cells died after 24-h in 0.0001% RB. At ≥0.001% RB, >90% of cells died. Irradiating 0.00001% - 0.001% RB increased SO;levels dropped significantly between 0.01% - 0.1%. Controls exhibited negligible SO production. HPRT suggested that RB was not mutagenic (0.0001%, 0.00001%);SO induction increased between 0.00001% - 0.001%, with reduced production at higher concentrations. Pilot studies suggested irradiated 0.0001% RB is mutagenic in vitro;current data suggest RB is not photomutagenic. The contribution of RB’s cytotoxicity on observed clinical improvement of scars and mutagenic potential remains unclear, necessitating further study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41320104007)
文摘The present study verified that Korea landfalling tropical cyclone(TC) frequency was rapidly increased since 1981 through the statistical change-point analysis. The increase was due to the formation of anomalous southerlies around Korea from the low latitude ultimately because anomalous cyclone was strengthened in East Asia continent due to the movement of western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH) to the east whereas anomalous anticyclone was strengthened in the western North Pacific. The anomalous southerlies played a role in steering flow that moved TCs generated in the subtropical western North Pacific to Korea. In order to determine the cause of strengthening of anomalous cyclone in East Asia continent, a snow depth during the preceding spring(March-May) was analyzed. The analysis result showed that most regions in East Asia had lower snow depth than that before 1981. Thus, anomalous cyclone can be developed in the region during summer due to heating in East Asia continent, which was started from the preceding spring, thereby forming a steering flow of anomalous southerlies that can move TCs into Korea. Furthermore, a correlation analysis between Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) and Korea landfalling TC frequency verified that negative correlation was somewhat stronger after 1981.
文摘Suicide is a critical public health issue with rates varying across regions and demographic groups.Recent evidence suggests that ambient temperature may influence suicide risk.This study examines the association between temperature and suicide in Thailand’s tropical climate,focusing on Chiang Mai and Bangkok provinces,and quantifies the attributable burden.Daily suicide and meteorological data from 2002 to 2021 were analyzed using a time-stratified case-crossover approach with a distributed lag nonlinear model,adjusted for relative humidity.Province-specific estimates were pooled through a multivariate meta-regression model.The study found a positive,mostly linear association between temperature and suicide risk,with a relative risk(RR)of 1.70(95%CI:1.35,2.15)across the temperature range.Approximately 24.61%of suicides were attributable to temperature,with 12.05%due to hot temperatures above the 66th percentile.The pooled attributable fractions were higher in the 0−64 age group compared to those aged≥65,while differences between sexes were not statistically significant.This study highlights the significant association between higher ambient temperatures and increased suicide risks in Thailand,emphasizing the need to integrate climate considerations into mental health and suicide prevention policies.Further research across diverse climatic zones is essential for understanding climate influences on mental health globally.
