The secondary metabolites synthesized by plants are economically important chemical compounds in the agricultural and industrial areas such as food, perfumery and pharmaceutical sectors. In recent years, attempts for ...The secondary metabolites synthesized by plants are economically important chemical compounds in the agricultural and industrial areas such as food, perfumery and pharmaceutical sectors. In recent years, attempts for their production by in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures have been accelerated considerably. Colchicine, the principle secondary metabolite of Colchicum autumnale L. and Gloriosa superba L., is an important alkaloid that has poison effect used for treatment of various diseases and plant breeding studies. Presently, colchicine has been produced by using the seeds of C. autumnale L. and the tubers of G. superba L. through different chemical extraction methods. Applying in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures together with metabolic and genetic engineering techniques, large-scale production of colchicine can be achieved from the above two plant species.展开更多
Boronic acid compounds with different substituted groups were handled to synthesize various ligands encoded as B1, B2, B3, B4, BS, B6, B7 and BS. B5 and B7 were tested for the cytotoxic activity against the prostate c...Boronic acid compounds with different substituted groups were handled to synthesize various ligands encoded as B1, B2, B3, B4, BS, B6, B7 and BS. B5 and B7 were tested for the cytotoxic activity against the prostate cancer cells and it was found that the cell viability of cancer cells was decreased while most of the healthy cells could still be viable. 5 μM solutions of B5 and B7 decreased the cell viability to 33% and 44%; whereas healthy cells were 71% and 95%, respectively, after treatment. Antimicrobial properties were explored against the bacterial and fungal microorganisms with B1, B5 and BZ The inhibition zones were evaluated for all boronic structures, and the growth inhibition zones were determined in a range of 7-13 mm diameter for different microorganism species. Staphylococcus aureus was the common micro- organism that three boronic compounds with imine ligands showed the activity. Antioxidant features of B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 and B8 were investigated by different processes such as Beta-carotene bleaching （BCB）, 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl （DPPH）, 2,2″-azino-bis（ 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid） （ABTS） and CUPric reducing antioxidant capacity （CLIPRAC） methods. Significant antioxidant activity was achieved by the phenyl boronic based ligands and these compounds demonstrated as much activity as standards （α-Toc and BHT）. In addition, all structures were applied properly without any decomposition during the experiments. They were rather stable both in aqueous media and solid state.展开更多
In order to identify the variation and estimate the genetic diversity among the fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes collected from Algeria and Turkey, the genetic relationships between 86 genotypes were investigated using...In order to identify the variation and estimate the genetic diversity among the fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes collected from Algeria and Turkey, the genetic relationships between 86 genotypes were investigated using 23 inter primer binding sites (iPBS)-retrotransposon and 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. A total of 63 polymorphic bands for the iPBS-retrotransposon markers and 25 alleles for the SSR markers were identified with an average of 2.7 and 1.6 per primer, respectively. The average value of polymorphism information content (PIC) for the iPBS markers (0.73) was higher than that for the SSR markers (0.69). Applying the neighbor-joining method to the combined iPBS-retrotransposon and SSR data, the fig genotypes were clustered into two groups. The STRUCTURE software was used to determine the population structure. Among the genotypes studied, two populations (K = 2) were identified indicating a low diversity between the Algerian and Turkish varieties. Both types of markers were able to differentiate all the fig genotypes and were efficient in discriminating the closely related genotypes. Our data also showed that as a universal marker, iPBS-retrotransposon is a useful tool for the molecular characterization of fig genotypes.展开更多
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading nosocomial pathogens worldwide, and their infections are difficult to treat due to acquired resistance to many antibiotics. This study aimed to detect class 1 and 2 integro...Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading nosocomial pathogens worldwide, and their infections are difficult to treat due to acquired resistance to many antibiotics. This study aimed to detect class 1 and 2 integrons and antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Two hundred and five P. aeruginosa strains were collected from the seven general state hospitals in Turkey. They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, screened for class 1 and class 2 integrons, and evaluated for the association between antibiotic resistance phenotypes and the presence of integrons. intI gene was amplified in 10 isolates (4.87%) by PCR and in seven isolates of them (70%) were found different gene cassettes. The aadA gene integrated into the class 1 integrons was most frequently found and it was followed by aac genes and blaOXA family genes. Sequence analysis of variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed five gene cassette arrays;aadA1(99%), aac(3)-Id(82%)-orf-aac(3”)-Ia(99%), aac(3)-Ie(83%)-blaoxa10(100%)- aadA1 (100%), aadA6(99%, 100%), aac(6’)-I(97%)-orf-aadA2(99%). No class 2 integron was detected. This study is the first multicenter study for class 1 integrons and it indicates the low rate of presence of class 1 gene cassette in P. aeruginosa.展开更多
The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer...The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.展开更多
MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices tak...MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antibiotic resistance genes inserted into class I and class 2integrons in Acinetobacler baumannii[A.baumannii)isolates obtained from nine different cities in Turkey.Methods:A collection of...Objective:To investigate the antibiotic resistance genes inserted into class I and class 2integrons in Acinetobacler baumannii[A.baumannii)isolates obtained from nine different cities in Turkey.Methods:A collection of 281 A.baumannii clinical isolates were collected from nine diferenl state hospitals in Turkey and were confirmed as A.baumannU by conventional biochemical,API testing and bla_(-OXA-51)specific PCR.The isolates were examined by PCR for existence of class I and2 integron gene cassettes.Results:They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the highest resistance rates were determined for piperacillin(90.03%),ciprofloxacin(87.54%),cefepime and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(81.13%).The lowest resistance rates was for cefotaxime(3.55%).class 1 integrons were detected in 6.4%(18/281)of A.baumannii strains and no class 2 integron was detected.The gene casselles of class 1 inlegrons AacCI-AAC(3)l-aadAI,AacCI-aadA1,AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,TEM-1.AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1 were detected in eighteen strains.The aac genes family were most frequently found integrated into the class 1 inlegrons and it was followed by aadA genes and TEM-1 genes.Conclusions:This is an extensive study on the distribulion of class 1 integron among A.baumannii in Turkey.In addition to these,two new alleles were observed.Their percentage rates of similarity to other cassettes are 95%aadA1(TK A18)and 89%,aadA 1(ANKA3).展开更多
Oxidative stress is linked to increased risk of gastric cancer and matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） are important in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. We aimed to analyze the effect of the accumulation ...Oxidative stress is linked to increased risk of gastric cancer and matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） are important in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. We aimed to analyze the effect of the accumulation of oxidative stress in the gastric cancer MKN-45 and 23132/87 cells following hydrogen peroxide （H202） exposure on the expression patterns of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP- 1 1, MMP- 12, MMP-14, MMP- 15, MMP- 17, MMP-23, MMP-28, and β-catenin genes. Methods： The mRNA transcripts in the cells were determined by RT-PCR. Following H202 exposure, oxidative stress in the viable cells was analyzed by 2＇,7＇-dichlorofluorescein diaeetate （DCFH-DA）. Caffeie acid phenethyl ester （CAPE） was used to eliminate oxidative stress and the consequence of H2O2 exposure and its removal on the expressions of the genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Results： The expressions of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-14, MMP-15, MMP-17 and β-catenin in MKN-45 cells and only the expression of MMP-15 in 23132/87 cells were increased. Removal of the oxidative stress resulted in decrease in the expressions of MMP genes of which the expressions were increased after H202 exposure. β-catenin, a transcription factor for many genes including MMPs, also displayed decreased levels of expression in both of the cell lines following CAPE treatment. Conclusions： Our data suggest that there is a remarkable link between the accumulation of oxidative stress and the increased expressions of MMP genes in the gastric cancer cells and MMPs should be considered as potential targets of therapy in gastric cancers due to its continuous exposure to oxidative stress.展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium(1 wt%)and aluminum(1 wt%)incorporation on the in vitro bioactivity and biodegradation behavior of 45S5 bioactive glasses synthesized from rice hus...The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium(1 wt%)and aluminum(1 wt%)incorporation on the in vitro bioactivity and biodegradation behavior of 45S5 bioactive glasses synthesized from rice husk biogenic silica.The performance of biogenic silica-based samples was compared well with commercial silica-based counterparts.The in vitro biodegradation behavior of bioactive glasses was evaluated by the weight loss of samples and pH variation in the Tris buffer solution.Based on composition,bioglasses possessed different properties before and after simulated body fluid(SBF)immersion.The incorporation of magnesium(Mg)and aluminum(Al)enhanced the Vickers hardness of bioglasses.All the bioglasses showed the hydroxyapatite layer formation after SBF treatment as confirmed by the dissolution,FTIR,SEM and XRD analysis,however it was more prominent in the rice husk silica-based 45S5 bioglass.The biogenic silica seems to be a promising starting material for bioglass systems to be used in bone tissue engineering applications.展开更多
Members of the genus Astragalus have a great interest as a source of natural bioactive compounds on a scientific platform.To provide multidirectional insights into three Astragalus species(A.setulosus,A.anthylloides,a...Members of the genus Astragalus have a great interest as a source of natural bioactive compounds on a scientific platform.To provide multidirectional insights into three Astragalus species(A.setulosus,A.anthylloides,and A.ovalis),the current work focused on the chemical characterization and biological properties of their extracts(aerial parts and roots).The chemical characterization of the extracts was detected by HPLC-MS/MS analysis.The biological properties were evaluated by antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory,and cytotoxic parameters.Assays for radical quenching,reducing capacity,and metal chelation were also used to evaluate antioxidant properties.To test the enzyme inhibitory effects of the extracts,cholinesterases,tyrosinase,α-amylase,andα-glucosidase were utilized as target enzymes.Two cancer cell lines,(MCF-7(human breast cancer cell line)and HeLa(Human cervix cancer cell line),were selected to evaluate cytotoxic effects.Generally,5-caffeoylquinic acid(2.43-283.92μg/g extract),hyperoside(4.33-216.22μg/g extract)and rutin(1.09-184.98μg/g extract)were the main constituents.The extracts from aerial parts and roots of A.anthylloides showed stronger radical scavenging and reducing power abilities compared to A.setulosus and A.ovalis.The best AChE and BChE inhibitory effects were determined in the aerial parts of A.setulosus(2.18 mg GALAE/g)and roots of A.ovalis(4.76 mg GALAE/g),respectively.The extracts of A.ovalis had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory abilities.The extract from aerial parts of A.setulosus showed stronger cytotoxic effects compared to other extracts.Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that the presence of some compounds(resveratrol,p-coumaric,5-caffeoylquinic,and ferulic acids,etc)was linked to the observed biological activities.Molecular docking was also provided for the possible interaction of enzymes as well as protein targets of the tested cell lines.Our findings provide a scientific basis for the Astragalus species,which may serve as a source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds for health-promoting applications.展开更多
Citrate reduced colloidal silver nanoparticles(c-AgNPs)as synthesized and modified with oligonucleotides(Oligo-AgNPs)are comparatively evaluated for their wound healing properties on animal models.The healing progress...Citrate reduced colloidal silver nanoparticles(c-AgNPs)as synthesized and modified with oligonucleotides(Oligo-AgNPs)are comparatively evaluated for their wound healing properties on animal models.The healing progress was monitored daily during nine days by measuring the wound diameter.The tissue samples from the healed regions were analyzed for epithelial damage,congestion,inflammatory cell infiltration,fibroblast proliferation,and new collagen synthesis.The c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs had statically significant impact on the healing process compared to control.The histological analysis revealed that the c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs improved the congestion,inflammatory cell infiltration,fibroblast proliferation and new collagen synthesis as compared to control.Although the fibroblast proliferation seems to be the same for both c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs,the collagen synthesis is markedly improved with the Oligo-AgNPs.The atomic spectroscopy analysis of the samples from different tissues showed that the AgNPs applied topically to the skin does not pass through the other organs.Our data suggest that topical application of Oligos-AgNPs improve wound healing by promoting increased collagen synthesis and tissue re-modeling without any side effects.展开更多
Self-assembly of 13 nm gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)engineered into 2D structures in solution using DNA tiles for their possible use for gene delivery and photothermal therapy is reported.The two different DNA tiles were ...Self-assembly of 13 nm gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)engineered into 2D structures in solution using DNA tiles for their possible use for gene delivery and photothermal therapy is reported.The two different DNA tiles were constructed and the AuNPs coated with oligonucleotides possessing complementary sequence from the free ends were hybridized with the sticky ends of the tiles.The DNA tiles were bind to each other by mixing the tile structures without a heating and cooling step.The constructed nanostructures were 5 to 7 DNA tiles long since heat was not used to elongate them.When the DNA tiles were bound to the AuNPs,it was observed that AuNPs tend to stay in close proximity by filling the gaps between tiles.The stability of the constructed structures was tested against DNase,a DNA cleaving enzyme,for possible applications for gene delivery and photothermal therapy.It was found that the AuNP bound DNA tile structures resist the DNase cleavage up to eighty percent.Due to the presence of the AuNPs in the structure,the enzyme cannot bind to DNA sequences and this increases the DNA tile structures’stability.展开更多
Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations.Early diagnosis,accurate subtyping,and staging are essential for effective,personalized treatment and improved ...Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations.Early diagnosis,accurate subtyping,and staging are essential for effective,personalized treatment and improved survival rates.Traditional diagnostic methods,such as biopsies,are invasive and carry operational risks that hinder repeated use,underscoring the need for noninvasive and personalized alternatives.In response,this study integrates transcriptomic data into human genome-scale metabolic models(GSMMs)to derive patient-specific flux distributions,which are then combined with genomic,proteomic,and fluxomic(JX)data to develop a robust multi-omic classifier for lung cancer subtyping and early diagnosis.The JX classifier is further enhanced by analyzing heterogeneous datasets from RNA sequencing and microarray analyses derived from both tissue samples and cell culture experiments,thereby enabling the identification of key marker features and enriched pathways such as lipid metabolism and energy production.This integrated approach not only demonstrates high performance in distinguishing lung cancer subtypes and early-stage disease but also proves robust when applied to limited pancreatic cancer data.By linking genotype to phenotype,GSMM-driven flux analysis overcomes challenges related to metabolome data scarcity and platform variability by proposing marker processes and reactions for further investigation,ultimately facilitating noninvasive diagnostics and the identification of actionable biomarkers for targeted therapeutic intervention.These findings offer significant promise for streamlining clinical workflows and enabling personalized therapeutic strategies,and they highlight the potential of our versatile workflow for unveiling novel biomarker landscapes in less studied diseases.展开更多
文摘The secondary metabolites synthesized by plants are economically important chemical compounds in the agricultural and industrial areas such as food, perfumery and pharmaceutical sectors. In recent years, attempts for their production by in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures have been accelerated considerably. Colchicine, the principle secondary metabolite of Colchicum autumnale L. and Gloriosa superba L., is an important alkaloid that has poison effect used for treatment of various diseases and plant breeding studies. Presently, colchicine has been produced by using the seeds of C. autumnale L. and the tubers of G. superba L. through different chemical extraction methods. Applying in vitro plant cell and tissue cultures together with metabolic and genetic engineering techniques, large-scale production of colchicine can be achieved from the above two plant species.
基金Dicle University Science and Technology Research Center(DUBTAM)Dicle University Scientific and Technological Research Council(DUBAP)with Grant Number:14–EZF–14 are gratefully acknowledged for their analysis and financial supports
文摘Boronic acid compounds with different substituted groups were handled to synthesize various ligands encoded as B1, B2, B3, B4, BS, B6, B7 and BS. B5 and B7 were tested for the cytotoxic activity against the prostate cancer cells and it was found that the cell viability of cancer cells was decreased while most of the healthy cells could still be viable. 5 μM solutions of B5 and B7 decreased the cell viability to 33% and 44%; whereas healthy cells were 71% and 95%, respectively, after treatment. Antimicrobial properties were explored against the bacterial and fungal microorganisms with B1, B5 and BZ The inhibition zones were evaluated for all boronic structures, and the growth inhibition zones were determined in a range of 7-13 mm diameter for different microorganism species. Staphylococcus aureus was the common micro- organism that three boronic compounds with imine ligands showed the activity. Antioxidant features of B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 and B8 were investigated by different processes such as Beta-carotene bleaching （BCB）, 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl （DPPH）, 2,2″-azino-bis（ 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid） （ABTS） and CUPric reducing antioxidant capacity （CLIPRAC） methods. Significant antioxidant activity was achieved by the phenyl boronic based ligands and these compounds demonstrated as much activity as standards （α-Toc and BHT）. In addition, all structures were applied properly without any decomposition during the experiments. They were rather stable both in aqueous media and solid state.
文摘In order to identify the variation and estimate the genetic diversity among the fig (Ficus carica L.) genotypes collected from Algeria and Turkey, the genetic relationships between 86 genotypes were investigated using 23 inter primer binding sites (iPBS)-retrotransposon and 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. A total of 63 polymorphic bands for the iPBS-retrotransposon markers and 25 alleles for the SSR markers were identified with an average of 2.7 and 1.6 per primer, respectively. The average value of polymorphism information content (PIC) for the iPBS markers (0.73) was higher than that for the SSR markers (0.69). Applying the neighbor-joining method to the combined iPBS-retrotransposon and SSR data, the fig genotypes were clustered into two groups. The STRUCTURE software was used to determine the population structure. Among the genotypes studied, two populations (K = 2) were identified indicating a low diversity between the Algerian and Turkish varieties. Both types of markers were able to differentiate all the fig genotypes and were efficient in discriminating the closely related genotypes. Our data also showed that as a universal marker, iPBS-retrotransposon is a useful tool for the molecular characterization of fig genotypes.
基金supported by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Research Fund Grants BAP-2013.102.03.12 and BAP-2013.102.03.13.
文摘Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading nosocomial pathogens worldwide, and their infections are difficult to treat due to acquired resistance to many antibiotics. This study aimed to detect class 1 and 2 integrons and antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Two hundred and five P. aeruginosa strains were collected from the seven general state hospitals in Turkey. They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, screened for class 1 and class 2 integrons, and evaluated for the association between antibiotic resistance phenotypes and the presence of integrons. intI gene was amplified in 10 isolates (4.87%) by PCR and in seven isolates of them (70%) were found different gene cassettes. The aadA gene integrated into the class 1 integrons was most frequently found and it was followed by aac genes and blaOXA family genes. Sequence analysis of variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed five gene cassette arrays;aadA1(99%), aac(3)-Id(82%)-orf-aac(3”)-Ia(99%), aac(3)-Ie(83%)-blaoxa10(100%)- aadA1 (100%), aadA6(99%, 100%), aac(6’)-I(97%)-orf-aadA2(99%). No class 2 integron was detected. This study is the first multicenter study for class 1 integrons and it indicates the low rate of presence of class 1 gene cassette in P. aeruginosa.
文摘The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.
文摘MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.
基金Supported by Recep Tayyip Erdogan University(Grant No.BAP2012.102.03.4.and BAP-2013.102.03.4)
文摘Objective:To investigate the antibiotic resistance genes inserted into class I and class 2integrons in Acinetobacler baumannii[A.baumannii)isolates obtained from nine different cities in Turkey.Methods:A collection of 281 A.baumannii clinical isolates were collected from nine diferenl state hospitals in Turkey and were confirmed as A.baumannU by conventional biochemical,API testing and bla_(-OXA-51)specific PCR.The isolates were examined by PCR for existence of class I and2 integron gene cassettes.Results:They were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the highest resistance rates were determined for piperacillin(90.03%),ciprofloxacin(87.54%),cefepime and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole(81.13%).The lowest resistance rates was for cefotaxime(3.55%).class 1 integrons were detected in 6.4%(18/281)of A.baumannii strains and no class 2 integron was detected.The gene casselles of class 1 inlegrons AacCI-AAC(3)l-aadAI,AacCI-aadA1,AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,TEM-1.AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I,AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1,AAC(3)-I-AAC(3)-I-aadA1-AAC(3)-I-aadA1 were detected in eighteen strains.The aac genes family were most frequently found integrated into the class 1 inlegrons and it was followed by aadA genes and TEM-1 genes.Conclusions:This is an extensive study on the distribulion of class 1 integron among A.baumannii in Turkey.In addition to these,two new alleles were observed.Their percentage rates of similarity to other cassettes are 95%aadA1(TK A18)and 89%,aadA 1(ANKA3).
基金granted by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the project number 105S352 (SBAG-K-110)by the Scientific Research Fund of Fatih University under the project number P50030703
文摘Oxidative stress is linked to increased risk of gastric cancer and matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） are important in the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. We aimed to analyze the effect of the accumulation of oxidative stress in the gastric cancer MKN-45 and 23132/87 cells following hydrogen peroxide （H202） exposure on the expression patterns of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP- 1 1, MMP- 12, MMP-14, MMP- 15, MMP- 17, MMP-23, MMP-28, and β-catenin genes. Methods： The mRNA transcripts in the cells were determined by RT-PCR. Following H202 exposure, oxidative stress in the viable cells was analyzed by 2＇,7＇-dichlorofluorescein diaeetate （DCFH-DA）. Caffeie acid phenethyl ester （CAPE） was used to eliminate oxidative stress and the consequence of H2O2 exposure and its removal on the expressions of the genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Results： The expressions of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-14, MMP-15, MMP-17 and β-catenin in MKN-45 cells and only the expression of MMP-15 in 23132/87 cells were increased. Removal of the oxidative stress resulted in decrease in the expressions of MMP genes of which the expressions were increased after H202 exposure. β-catenin, a transcription factor for many genes including MMPs, also displayed decreased levels of expression in both of the cell lines following CAPE treatment. Conclusions： Our data suggest that there is a remarkable link between the accumulation of oxidative stress and the increased expressions of MMP genes in the gastric cancer cells and MMPs should be considered as potential targets of therapy in gastric cancers due to its continuous exposure to oxidative stress.
基金This work was supported by Research Fund of the Yildiz Technical University[Project Number:2013-07-04-KAP06].
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of magnesium(1 wt%)and aluminum(1 wt%)incorporation on the in vitro bioactivity and biodegradation behavior of 45S5 bioactive glasses synthesized from rice husk biogenic silica.The performance of biogenic silica-based samples was compared well with commercial silica-based counterparts.The in vitro biodegradation behavior of bioactive glasses was evaluated by the weight loss of samples and pH variation in the Tris buffer solution.Based on composition,bioglasses possessed different properties before and after simulated body fluid(SBF)immersion.The incorporation of magnesium(Mg)and aluminum(Al)enhanced the Vickers hardness of bioglasses.All the bioglasses showed the hydroxyapatite layer formation after SBF treatment as confirmed by the dissolution,FTIR,SEM and XRD analysis,however it was more prominent in the rice husk silica-based 45S5 bioglass.The biogenic silica seems to be a promising starting material for bioglass systems to be used in bone tissue engineering applications.
文摘Members of the genus Astragalus have a great interest as a source of natural bioactive compounds on a scientific platform.To provide multidirectional insights into three Astragalus species(A.setulosus,A.anthylloides,and A.ovalis),the current work focused on the chemical characterization and biological properties of their extracts(aerial parts and roots).The chemical characterization of the extracts was detected by HPLC-MS/MS analysis.The biological properties were evaluated by antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory,and cytotoxic parameters.Assays for radical quenching,reducing capacity,and metal chelation were also used to evaluate antioxidant properties.To test the enzyme inhibitory effects of the extracts,cholinesterases,tyrosinase,α-amylase,andα-glucosidase were utilized as target enzymes.Two cancer cell lines,(MCF-7(human breast cancer cell line)and HeLa(Human cervix cancer cell line),were selected to evaluate cytotoxic effects.Generally,5-caffeoylquinic acid(2.43-283.92μg/g extract),hyperoside(4.33-216.22μg/g extract)and rutin(1.09-184.98μg/g extract)were the main constituents.The extracts from aerial parts and roots of A.anthylloides showed stronger radical scavenging and reducing power abilities compared to A.setulosus and A.ovalis.The best AChE and BChE inhibitory effects were determined in the aerial parts of A.setulosus(2.18 mg GALAE/g)and roots of A.ovalis(4.76 mg GALAE/g),respectively.The extracts of A.ovalis had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory abilities.The extract from aerial parts of A.setulosus showed stronger cytotoxic effects compared to other extracts.Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that the presence of some compounds(resveratrol,p-coumaric,5-caffeoylquinic,and ferulic acids,etc)was linked to the observed biological activities.Molecular docking was also provided for the possible interaction of enzymes as well as protein targets of the tested cell lines.Our findings provide a scientific basis for the Astragalus species,which may serve as a source of naturally occurring bioactive compounds for health-promoting applications.
基金financial support of Yeditepe University,TUBITAK and TUBA-GEBIP during this study。
文摘Citrate reduced colloidal silver nanoparticles(c-AgNPs)as synthesized and modified with oligonucleotides(Oligo-AgNPs)are comparatively evaluated for their wound healing properties on animal models.The healing progress was monitored daily during nine days by measuring the wound diameter.The tissue samples from the healed regions were analyzed for epithelial damage,congestion,inflammatory cell infiltration,fibroblast proliferation,and new collagen synthesis.The c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs had statically significant impact on the healing process compared to control.The histological analysis revealed that the c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs improved the congestion,inflammatory cell infiltration,fibroblast proliferation and new collagen synthesis as compared to control.Although the fibroblast proliferation seems to be the same for both c-AgNPs and Oligo-AgNPs,the collagen synthesis is markedly improved with the Oligo-AgNPs.The atomic spectroscopy analysis of the samples from different tissues showed that the AgNPs applied topically to the skin does not pass through the other organs.Our data suggest that topical application of Oligos-AgNPs improve wound healing by promoting increased collagen synthesis and tissue re-modeling without any side effects.
基金support of TUBITAK(Grant no:108T605)Yeditepe University.
文摘Self-assembly of 13 nm gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)engineered into 2D structures in solution using DNA tiles for their possible use for gene delivery and photothermal therapy is reported.The two different DNA tiles were constructed and the AuNPs coated with oligonucleotides possessing complementary sequence from the free ends were hybridized with the sticky ends of the tiles.The DNA tiles were bind to each other by mixing the tile structures without a heating and cooling step.The constructed nanostructures were 5 to 7 DNA tiles long since heat was not used to elongate them.When the DNA tiles were bound to the AuNPs,it was observed that AuNPs tend to stay in close proximity by filling the gaps between tiles.The stability of the constructed structures was tested against DNase,a DNA cleaving enzyme,for possible applications for gene delivery and photothermal therapy.It was found that the AuNP bound DNA tile structures resist the DNase cleavage up to eighty percent.Due to the presence of the AuNPs in the structure,the enzyme cannot bind to DNA sequences and this increases the DNA tile structures’stability.
文摘Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease characterized by various genetic and epigenetic alterations.Early diagnosis,accurate subtyping,and staging are essential for effective,personalized treatment and improved survival rates.Traditional diagnostic methods,such as biopsies,are invasive and carry operational risks that hinder repeated use,underscoring the need for noninvasive and personalized alternatives.In response,this study integrates transcriptomic data into human genome-scale metabolic models(GSMMs)to derive patient-specific flux distributions,which are then combined with genomic,proteomic,and fluxomic(JX)data to develop a robust multi-omic classifier for lung cancer subtyping and early diagnosis.The JX classifier is further enhanced by analyzing heterogeneous datasets from RNA sequencing and microarray analyses derived from both tissue samples and cell culture experiments,thereby enabling the identification of key marker features and enriched pathways such as lipid metabolism and energy production.This integrated approach not only demonstrates high performance in distinguishing lung cancer subtypes and early-stage disease but also proves robust when applied to limited pancreatic cancer data.By linking genotype to phenotype,GSMM-driven flux analysis overcomes challenges related to metabolome data scarcity and platform variability by proposing marker processes and reactions for further investigation,ultimately facilitating noninvasive diagnostics and the identification of actionable biomarkers for targeted therapeutic intervention.These findings offer significant promise for streamlining clinical workflows and enabling personalized therapeutic strategies,and they highlight the potential of our versatile workflow for unveiling novel biomarker landscapes in less studied diseases.
