A relationship between thermal effects and relaxation of the high-frequency shear modulus upon heat treatment of bulk Zr48(Cu5/6Ag1/6)44Al8 metallic glass is found.This relationship is attributed to the relaxation of ...A relationship between thermal effects and relaxation of the high-frequency shear modulus upon heat treatment of bulk Zr48(Cu5/6Ag1/6)44Al8 metallic glass is found.This relationship is attributed to the relaxation of a interstitial-type defect system frozen-in from the melt upon glass production.Calorimetric data show that thermal effects occurring on heating include heat release below the glass transition temperature,heat absorption above it and heat release caused by crystallization.The equation derived within the Interstitialcy theory can be used to calculate the shear modulus relaxation using the calorimetric data.The obtained results are used to trace the defect concentration as functions of temperature and thermal prehistory.展开更多
A comprehensive review of a novel promising framework for the understanding of non-crystalline metallic materials, i.e., interstitialcy theory of condensed matter states（ITCM）, is presented. The background of the IT...A comprehensive review of a novel promising framework for the understanding of non-crystalline metallic materials, i.e., interstitialcy theory of condensed matter states（ITCM）, is presented. The background of the ITCM and its basic results for equilibrium/supercooled liquids and glasses are given. It is emphasized that the ITCM provides a new consistent, clear, and testable approach, which uncovers the generic relationship between the properties of the maternal crystal,equilibrium/supercooled liquid and glass obtained by melt quenching.展开更多
Pd_(40)Ni_(40)P_(20)(at.%)samples with different enthalpy states were fabricated through high-pressure torsion or sub-Tg annealing of the as-cast material.Subsequently,the underlying structural relaxation was studied ...Pd_(40)Ni_(40)P_(20)(at.%)samples with different enthalpy states were fabricated through high-pressure torsion or sub-Tg annealing of the as-cast material.Subsequently,the underlying structural relaxation was studied by in-situ shear modulus measurements and modulated differential scanning calorimetry.The results show that high-pressure torsion leads to shear modulus softening and an increase of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy,indicating a significant structural rejuvenation,while sub-Tg annealing causes shear modulus hardening and a decrease of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy.The reversible endothermic effect which can reflect the fractional change of supercooled liquid with temperature was found to be almost identical for all samples,and independent of deformation or thermal history.The total heat flow can be well correlated with the shear modulus within the framework of interstitialcy theory.Furthermore,we demonstrate that the structural relaxation below Tg decouples into internal stress relaxation andβ-relaxation.In addition,this work indicates that the processes ofα-relaxation andβ-relaxation in the metallic glass are of similar structural origin but occur on different spatial scales.展开更多
Wine is one of the most important Italian export products,and Nebbiolo is one of the most respected Italian grapes. In the summer of 2007,a measurement campaign was carried out in a Nebbiolo vineyard located in Vezza ...Wine is one of the most important Italian export products,and Nebbiolo is one of the most respected Italian grapes. In the summer of 2007,a measurement campaign was carried out in a Nebbiolo vineyard located in Vezza d’Alba,near Cuneo,Italy. Using a gauge of trade gases and some other instruments,we recorded the stomatal conductance and also some physiological parameters useful for estimating the dependence of stomatal conductance on environmental variables. The goal of this experiment was improving the parameterization of grapevine evapotranspiration through the assessment of the stomatal conductance and,in particular,of the functional dependence of the stomatal conductance on the following variables:the photosynthetically active radiation,the atmospheric temperature,the atmospheric moisture deficit,and the carbon dioxide concentration. The observations allowed us to check and,in some cases,to adapt the existing general parameterizations found in literature. The results showed some significant differences with the existing parameterizations concerning the atmospheric temperature,the atmospheric moisture deficit,and the carbon dioxide concentration. The parameterizations obtained in this experiment,although referring to a specific plant and site(namely the Nebbiolo at Vezza d’Alba),could allow assessment of the best environmental conditions under which the Nebbiolo grapevine production is the best,and in future could be tested for other grapevines or climates.展开更多
Conditions of gauging of true microhardness of thin ribbons metallic glasses (MG) with the count of their depth are established. For the first time the method of a indentation was approved for an assessment of crack r...Conditions of gauging of true microhardness of thin ribbons metallic glasses (MG) with the count of their depth are established. For the first time the method of a indentation was approved for an assessment of crack resistance of MG. The behavior of parameterK_ Ic is found in a interval of temperature of viscous-brittle transition down to the beginning of volumetric crystallization of MG. The estimation method of temperature of viscous - brittle transition is offered at the microindentation of annealing ribbon on an elastic substrate.展开更多
Spintronic materials were promised to application to real devices,especially in half-metallic materials.Oe-based magnetic semiconductors have attracted a great deal of attention cause of compatibility with the current...Spintronic materials were promised to application to real devices,especially in half-metallic materials.Oe-based magnetic semiconductors have attracted a great deal of attention cause of compatibility with the current Si-based processing technology.Around 10 years from discovery of the magnetic semiconductor Mn-doped Ge,a lot of studies have been paid to give insight into these systems.In this work,we first review the current efforts on the experimental observation of the ferromagnetism of Mn-doped Ge and also some theoretical predictions such as the band structure,magnetic properties etc,The methods to grow Mn-doped Ge from three-dimension to zero-dimension were described and some parameters of the growth which will be also considered.Besides that,the clusters and theirs properties will be summarized.Finally,the co-doping effect of Mn-doped Ge and some applications will be discussed in details.展开更多
A coupled model of RAMS3b(Regional Atmospheric Modeling System,Version 3b)and LSPM(a land surface process model),in which some basic hydrological processes such as precipitation,evapotranspiration.surface runoff,infil...A coupled model of RAMS3b(Regional Atmospheric Modeling System,Version 3b)and LSPM(a land surface process model),in which some basic hydrological processes such as precipitation,evapotranspiration.surface runoff,infiltration and bottom drainage are included, has been established.With the coupled model,we have simulated the response of soil to the severe weather process which caused the disastrous flood in north italy during 4-7.November,1994, simultaneously compared with the observation and the original RAMS3b,which has a soil and vegetation parameterization scheme(hereafter,SVP)emphasizing on the surface energy fluxes, while some hydrological processes in the soil are not described clearly. The results show that the differences between coupling LSPM and SVP exist mainly in the response of soil to the precipitation.The soil in the SVP never saturates under the strong input of precipitation,while the newly coupled model seems better,the soil has been saturated for one day or more and causes strong surface runoff,which constitutes the flood.Further sensitivity experiments show that the surface hydrological processes are very sensitive to the initial soil moisture and soil type when we compared the results with a relatively dry case and sandy soil. The coupled model has potentiality for simulation on the interaction between regional climate and land surface hydrological processes,and the regional water resources research concerning desertification,drought and flood.展开更多
The numerical simulation of 2D simple square lattice of Ising superspins,that interact via the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida(RKKY)exchange interaction is performed.It is found,that at low temperatures in the resear...The numerical simulation of 2D simple square lattice of Ising superspins,that interact via the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida(RKKY)exchange interaction is performed.It is found,that at low temperatures in the researched systems predominantly realized labyrinth domain structure.The modeled image of magnetization distribution does not coincide with the image of energy distribution.Hysteresis loops of the samples and labyrinth domain structures similarly obtained by Monte Carlo method,are also observed in physical experiments.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51971178)the Astronautics Supporting Technology Foundation of China(Grant No.2019-HT-XG)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.2019JM-344)the Russian Science Foundation(Grant No.20-62-46003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant Nos.3102019ghxm007 and 3102017JC01003).
文摘A relationship between thermal effects and relaxation of the high-frequency shear modulus upon heat treatment of bulk Zr48(Cu5/6Ag1/6)44Al8 metallic glass is found.This relationship is attributed to the relaxation of a interstitial-type defect system frozen-in from the melt upon glass production.Calorimetric data show that thermal effects occurring on heating include heat release below the glass transition temperature,heat absorption above it and heat release caused by crystallization.The equation derived within the Interstitialcy theory can be used to calculate the shear modulus relaxation using the calorimetric data.The obtained results are used to trace the defect concentration as functions of temperature and thermal prehistory.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation(Grant No.3.114.2014/K)
文摘A comprehensive review of a novel promising framework for the understanding of non-crystalline metallic materials, i.e., interstitialcy theory of condensed matter states（ITCM）, is presented. The background of the ITCM and its basic results for equilibrium/supercooled liquids and glasses are given. It is emphasized that the ITCM provides a new consistent, clear, and testable approach, which uncovers the generic relationship between the properties of the maternal crystal,equilibrium/supercooled liquid and glass obtained by melt quenching.
基金financial support by German Research Foundation under the grant No.W11899/29-1the China Scholarship Council for its financial supportthe financial support from Russian Science Foundation under the grant No.20-62-46003(measurements of the shear modulus and discussion on the results)。
文摘Pd_(40)Ni_(40)P_(20)(at.%)samples with different enthalpy states were fabricated through high-pressure torsion or sub-Tg annealing of the as-cast material.Subsequently,the underlying structural relaxation was studied by in-situ shear modulus measurements and modulated differential scanning calorimetry.The results show that high-pressure torsion leads to shear modulus softening and an increase of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy,indicating a significant structural rejuvenation,while sub-Tg annealing causes shear modulus hardening and a decrease of the nonreversible exothermic enthalpy.The reversible endothermic effect which can reflect the fractional change of supercooled liquid with temperature was found to be almost identical for all samples,and independent of deformation or thermal history.The total heat flow can be well correlated with the shear modulus within the framework of interstitialcy theory.Furthermore,we demonstrate that the structural relaxation below Tg decouples into internal stress relaxation andβ-relaxation.In addition,this work indicates that the processes ofα-relaxation andβ-relaxation in the metallic glass are of similar structural origin but occur on different spatial scales.
文摘Wine is one of the most important Italian export products,and Nebbiolo is one of the most respected Italian grapes. In the summer of 2007,a measurement campaign was carried out in a Nebbiolo vineyard located in Vezza d’Alba,near Cuneo,Italy. Using a gauge of trade gases and some other instruments,we recorded the stomatal conductance and also some physiological parameters useful for estimating the dependence of stomatal conductance on environmental variables. The goal of this experiment was improving the parameterization of grapevine evapotranspiration through the assessment of the stomatal conductance and,in particular,of the functional dependence of the stomatal conductance on the following variables:the photosynthetically active radiation,the atmospheric temperature,the atmospheric moisture deficit,and the carbon dioxide concentration. The observations allowed us to check and,in some cases,to adapt the existing general parameterizations found in literature. The results showed some significant differences with the existing parameterizations concerning the atmospheric temperature,the atmospheric moisture deficit,and the carbon dioxide concentration. The parameterizations obtained in this experiment,although referring to a specific plant and site(namely the Nebbiolo at Vezza d’Alba),could allow assessment of the best environmental conditions under which the Nebbiolo grapevine production is the best,and in future could be tested for other grapevines or climates.
文摘Conditions of gauging of true microhardness of thin ribbons metallic glasses (MG) with the count of their depth are established. For the first time the method of a indentation was approved for an assessment of crack resistance of MG. The behavior of parameterK_ Ic is found in a interval of temperature of viscous-brittle transition down to the beginning of volumetric crystallization of MG. The estimation method of temperature of viscous - brittle transition is offered at the microindentation of annealing ribbon on an elastic substrate.
文摘Spintronic materials were promised to application to real devices,especially in half-metallic materials.Oe-based magnetic semiconductors have attracted a great deal of attention cause of compatibility with the current Si-based processing technology.Around 10 years from discovery of the magnetic semiconductor Mn-doped Ge,a lot of studies have been paid to give insight into these systems.In this work,we first review the current efforts on the experimental observation of the ferromagnetism of Mn-doped Ge and also some theoretical predictions such as the band structure,magnetic properties etc,The methods to grow Mn-doped Ge from three-dimension to zero-dimension were described and some parameters of the growth which will be also considered.Besides that,the clusters and theirs properties will be summarized.Finally,the co-doping effect of Mn-doped Ge and some applications will be discussed in details.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under IMGRASS(No.49790020)Project and the"One Hundred Talent Progrom"of Chinese Academy of Sciences as well.
文摘A coupled model of RAMS3b(Regional Atmospheric Modeling System,Version 3b)and LSPM(a land surface process model),in which some basic hydrological processes such as precipitation,evapotranspiration.surface runoff,infiltration and bottom drainage are included, has been established.With the coupled model,we have simulated the response of soil to the severe weather process which caused the disastrous flood in north italy during 4-7.November,1994, simultaneously compared with the observation and the original RAMS3b,which has a soil and vegetation parameterization scheme(hereafter,SVP)emphasizing on the surface energy fluxes, while some hydrological processes in the soil are not described clearly. The results show that the differences between coupling LSPM and SVP exist mainly in the response of soil to the precipitation.The soil in the SVP never saturates under the strong input of precipitation,while the newly coupled model seems better,the soil has been saturated for one day or more and causes strong surface runoff,which constitutes the flood.Further sensitivity experiments show that the surface hydrological processes are very sensitive to the initial soil moisture and soil type when we compared the results with a relatively dry case and sandy soil. The coupled model has potentiality for simulation on the interaction between regional climate and land surface hydrological processes,and the regional water resources research concerning desertification,drought and flood.
基金Scientific Fund of Far Eastern Federal University(#12−07−13000−18/13)the state task of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia#559,supported this work.
文摘The numerical simulation of 2D simple square lattice of Ising superspins,that interact via the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida(RKKY)exchange interaction is performed.It is found,that at low temperatures in the researched systems predominantly realized labyrinth domain structure.The modeled image of magnetization distribution does not coincide with the image of energy distribution.Hysteresis loops of the samples and labyrinth domain structures similarly obtained by Monte Carlo method,are also observed in physical experiments.
