Polyandry is an ancient custom common in the countryside of Tibet.No scholar,who studies Tibetan social culture,could avoid the topic.However,like other places in China, Tibet’s rural areas are in a process of great ...Polyandry is an ancient custom common in the countryside of Tibet.No scholar,who studies Tibetan social culture,could avoid the topic.However,like other places in China, Tibet’s rural areas are in a process of great social transformation.All traditional ideas have gradually changed under the influence of outside culture that is meanwhile developing as展开更多
The spatial mismatch situation of tourism development in Guangdong Province is analyzed by gravity model and two-dimensional matrix based on the spatial mismatch hypothesis,and the results are visualized using Arc GIS...The spatial mismatch situation of tourism development in Guangdong Province is analyzed by gravity model and two-dimensional matrix based on the spatial mismatch hypothesis,and the results are visualized using Arc GIS software.This study finds that varying degrees of spatial mismatch exist between the level of tourism development,abundance of tourism resources and accessibility of tourism locations in the 21 cities in Guangdong Province.The gravity centers for tourism economy,tourism resources and tourism location are（113.55°E,23.00°N）,（113.69°E,23.21°N）and（113.74°E,22.86°N）,respectively.According to the two-dimensional combinatorial matrices,synchronous development is shown in 10 prefecture-level cities for the tourism revenue-resource abundance combination,whereas it is shown in seven prefecture-level cities for the tourism revenue-tourism location combination.Guangzhou and Shenzhen are synchronous-double high zones for both combinations,while Foshan,Qingyuan,Yangjiang,Zhongshan and Jieyang are deviating-negative mismatch zones for both combinations.Furthermore,the vast majority of prefecture-level cities within the province currently present mismatching trends in tourism development.Based on the analysis results,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward taking into account the actual situation and opportunities for further tourism development in various prefecture-level cities.展开更多
A comparative analysis of the statistics of the two population censuses conducted in 1990 and 2000 showed that with the development of ethnic education,average years of school attainment have been increased for all et...A comparative analysis of the statistics of the two population censuses conducted in 1990 and 2000 showed that with the development of ethnic education,average years of school attainment have been increased for all ethnic nationalities,and education has been more equalized within different ethnic nationalities.However,educational inequality among different nationalities has been widened.Although the extent of the widening is limited,sufficient attention should be paid by policy-makers.展开更多
Objective Severe grief adversely affects the health of bereaved families,potentially burdening medical and community health services.Interventions for effective community health maintenance must identify the people li...Objective Severe grief adversely affects the health of bereaved families,potentially burdening medical and community health services.Interventions for effective community health maintenance must identify the people likely to face severe effects of bereavement.The present study identified characteristics of mourners who experience severe grief within a year of bereavement to confirm whether this grief increased their reliance on Japanese medical and social services.Design We conducted a nationwide postal survey of Japanese bereaved within the previous year,to compare those reporting daily or overwhelming‘heavy’grief to those with less heavy grief,in terms of demographic and socioeconomic details,daily work and non-work activity,frequency of medical and social service use.Setting/participants In 2019,with the support of the Ministry of Education and the All Japan Funeral Co-Operation,we distributed approximately 5500 questionnaires to Japanese who had presided at funerals within the past year for anonymous return.By January of 2020,we received 1078 complete voluntary responses from bereaved Japanese.Results Half of the‘heavy grief’group(n=143)reported adverse effects on health and daily life,including needs for pharmacological,medical or welfare support.Losses of husbands or children were particularly connected to severe grief;‘unexpected’death from cancer caused the greatest shock.Employment(even part-time)buffered against severe grief;grief was greater for the unemployed and substantially worse for those who lost significant income at the same time as they lost loved ones.Conclusion These findings suggest that prior counselling should reduce the shock of bereavement and economic loss,which increases subsequent medical dependence.Medical professionals and community health workers can use the above factors to target in advance the family members in greatest danger of heavy grief,to intervene lest grief adversely affect their physical and psychological health after bereavement.展开更多
Lasting until this day,Matsu culture has occupied its unique position in the long river of history with its endless vitality.The lengthy historical development of Matsu culture is accompanied by the immigration waves ...Lasting until this day,Matsu culture has occupied its unique position in the long river of history with its endless vitality.The lengthy historical development of Matsu culture is accompanied by the immigration waves of Chinese,and their awakening of awareness for modern country and ethnicity;and the 19th century is the period for Matsu believers in Nanyang to transit from a group with shared business,dialect,and geological position to an ethnicity group with shared culture identity.This article explores the dynamic transition of the boundary of Matsu believers in Nanyang Chinese society by analyzing a variety of materials,including memoirs written by missionaries of London Missionary Society who went to Nanyang for preaching in the early 19th century as well as periodicals they founded there,remains of inscriptions written in Chinese dating back from middle to late 19th century,and Nanyang newspapers and publications written in Chinese at the end of 19th century.It finds that during that process,the transition of Matsu worship is closely linked to the transition of Nanyang Chinese society and corresponds to the gradual formation of awareness of country and ethnicity among Nanyang Chinese.展开更多
文摘Polyandry is an ancient custom common in the countryside of Tibet.No scholar,who studies Tibetan social culture,could avoid the topic.However,like other places in China, Tibet’s rural areas are in a process of great social transformation.All traditional ideas have gradually changed under the influence of outside culture that is meanwhile developing as
基金The Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China(17ZDA165)
文摘The spatial mismatch situation of tourism development in Guangdong Province is analyzed by gravity model and two-dimensional matrix based on the spatial mismatch hypothesis,and the results are visualized using Arc GIS software.This study finds that varying degrees of spatial mismatch exist between the level of tourism development,abundance of tourism resources and accessibility of tourism locations in the 21 cities in Guangdong Province.The gravity centers for tourism economy,tourism resources and tourism location are（113.55°E,23.00°N）,（113.69°E,23.21°N）and（113.74°E,22.86°N）,respectively.According to the two-dimensional combinatorial matrices,synchronous development is shown in 10 prefecture-level cities for the tourism revenue-resource abundance combination,whereas it is shown in seven prefecture-level cities for the tourism revenue-tourism location combination.Guangzhou and Shenzhen are synchronous-double high zones for both combinations,while Foshan,Qingyuan,Yangjiang,Zhongshan and Jieyang are deviating-negative mismatch zones for both combinations.Furthermore,the vast majority of prefecture-level cities within the province currently present mismatching trends in tourism development.Based on the analysis results,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward taking into account the actual situation and opportunities for further tourism development in various prefecture-level cities.
文摘A comparative analysis of the statistics of the two population censuses conducted in 1990 and 2000 showed that with the development of ethnic education,average years of school attainment have been increased for all ethnic nationalities,and education has been more equalized within different ethnic nationalities.However,educational inequality among different nationalities has been widened.Although the extent of the widening is limited,sufficient attention should be paid by policy-makers.
基金This study was funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education(Research Grant A,number 18H04075).
文摘Objective Severe grief adversely affects the health of bereaved families,potentially burdening medical and community health services.Interventions for effective community health maintenance must identify the people likely to face severe effects of bereavement.The present study identified characteristics of mourners who experience severe grief within a year of bereavement to confirm whether this grief increased their reliance on Japanese medical and social services.Design We conducted a nationwide postal survey of Japanese bereaved within the previous year,to compare those reporting daily or overwhelming‘heavy’grief to those with less heavy grief,in terms of demographic and socioeconomic details,daily work and non-work activity,frequency of medical and social service use.Setting/participants In 2019,with the support of the Ministry of Education and the All Japan Funeral Co-Operation,we distributed approximately 5500 questionnaires to Japanese who had presided at funerals within the past year for anonymous return.By January of 2020,we received 1078 complete voluntary responses from bereaved Japanese.Results Half of the‘heavy grief’group(n=143)reported adverse effects on health and daily life,including needs for pharmacological,medical or welfare support.Losses of husbands or children were particularly connected to severe grief;‘unexpected’death from cancer caused the greatest shock.Employment(even part-time)buffered against severe grief;grief was greater for the unemployed and substantially worse for those who lost significant income at the same time as they lost loved ones.Conclusion These findings suggest that prior counselling should reduce the shock of bereavement and economic loss,which increases subsequent medical dependence.Medical professionals and community health workers can use the above factors to target in advance the family members in greatest danger of heavy grief,to intervene lest grief adversely affect their physical and psychological health after bereavement.
文摘Lasting until this day,Matsu culture has occupied its unique position in the long river of history with its endless vitality.The lengthy historical development of Matsu culture is accompanied by the immigration waves of Chinese,and their awakening of awareness for modern country and ethnicity;and the 19th century is the period for Matsu believers in Nanyang to transit from a group with shared business,dialect,and geological position to an ethnicity group with shared culture identity.This article explores the dynamic transition of the boundary of Matsu believers in Nanyang Chinese society by analyzing a variety of materials,including memoirs written by missionaries of London Missionary Society who went to Nanyang for preaching in the early 19th century as well as periodicals they founded there,remains of inscriptions written in Chinese dating back from middle to late 19th century,and Nanyang newspapers and publications written in Chinese at the end of 19th century.It finds that during that process,the transition of Matsu worship is closely linked to the transition of Nanyang Chinese society and corresponds to the gradual formation of awareness of country and ethnicity among Nanyang Chinese.
