The paper formulates new principles that should form the basis for the development and creation of new environmental monitoring based on heavy UAVs and high-altitude so-called pseudo-satellites capable of operating fo...The paper formulates new principles that should form the basis for the development and creation of new environmental monitoring based on heavy UAVs and high-altitude so-called pseudo-satellites capable of operating for a long time at altitudes of 25 - 30 km. In order to develop such principles, this paper analyzes the radioecological situation in the territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine for rapid and high-quality environmental cleanup and rehabilitation of areas with detected critical levels of environmentally hazardous pollutants. In order to quickly obtain fundamentally new environmental information, it is necessary to conduct multi-parameter, high-precision integrated monitoring of the Earth’s geospheres based on the latest methods and equipment for ground and remote environmental measurements, and new methods and technological means of clean, environmentally safe processing and final disposal. As the most appropriate technology, we propose mobile installations for plasma-chemical pyrolysis of medical waste directly at the place of its generation.展开更多
This paper presents the results of the development and creation of plasma-chemical reactors for mobile and stationary installations for the destruction and disposal of solid, liquid, gaseous and mixed medical waste ba...This paper presents the results of the development and creation of plasma-chemical reactors for mobile and stationary installations for the destruction and disposal of solid, liquid, gaseous and mixed medical waste based on the domestic plasma generator PUN-1, with air as the plasma-forming gas. The design and principle of operation of plasma-chemical reactors installed on mobile experimental and industrial plants “Plazmon-1,2,3”, as well as the main features of the plasma waste disposal process are described.展开更多
New results of two computer experiments on modeling of superthermal neutron-nuclear combustion of natural uranium for two different flux densities of external neutron source and duration of half a year each are presen...New results of two computer experiments on modeling of superthermal neutron-nuclear combustion of natural uranium for two different flux densities of external neutron source and duration of half a year each are presented. The simulation results demonstrate the dependence of the autowave combustion modes on the parameters of the external source.展开更多
This research aim to evaluate hydro-meteorological data from the Yamuna River Basin,Uttarakhand,India,utilizing Extreme Value Distribution of Frequency Analysis and the Markov Chain Approach.This method assesses persi...This research aim to evaluate hydro-meteorological data from the Yamuna River Basin,Uttarakhand,India,utilizing Extreme Value Distribution of Frequency Analysis and the Markov Chain Approach.This method assesses persistence and allows for combinatorial probability estimations such as initial and transitional probabilities.The hydrologic data was generated(in-situ)and received from Uttarakhand Jal Vidut Nigam Limited(UJVNL),and meteorological data was acquired from NASA’s archives MERRA-2 product.A total of sixteen years(2005-2020)of data was used to foresee daily Precipitation from 2020 to 2022.MERRA-2 products are utilized as observed and forecast values for daily Precipitation throughout the monsoon season,which runs from July to September.Markov Chain and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)findings for 2020,2021,and 2022 were observed,and anticipated values for daily rainfall during the monsoon season between July and September.According to test findings,the artificial intelligence technique cannot anticipate future regional meteorological formations;the correlation coefficient R^(2) is around 0.12.According to the randomly verified precipitation data findings,the Markov Chain model has a success rate of 79.17 percent.The results suggest that extended return periods should be a warning sign for drought and flood risk in the Himalayan region.This study gives a better knowledge of the water budget,climate change variability,and impact of global warming,ultimately leading to improved water resource management and better emergency planning to the establishment of the Early Warning System(EWS)for extreme occurrences such as cloudbursts,flash floods,landslides hazards in the complex Himalayan region.展开更多
The draft Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control(IPPC)regulation mandates compliance with best available techniques(BATs)for textile manufacturers.A study in Turkish textile facilities,covering 56 units across fo...The draft Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control(IPPC)regulation mandates compliance with best available techniques(BATs)for textile manufacturers.A study in Turkish textile facilities,covering 56 units across four sub-sectors,assessed the status of 488 BATs through on-site visits and surveys.The aim was to gauge the sector’s adherence to BATs.The findings revealed that 37% of surveyed BATs were fully implemented,rising to 88% when considering potential future implementations.This suggests a strong industry inclination toward adopting BATs for cleaner production and competitiveness.The study highlighted significant BAT-related investments in the textile sector,driven by environmental concerns,regulations,customer demands,resource efficiency,competition,and cost-benefit considerations.However,the study results also indicated that there is still much work to do for the implementation of some BATs.It was found that 60 BATs had lower implementation ratios(IR:0%-43%).Lower IR values for these BATs are mainly due to factors like specificity,high costs,long payback periods,operational difficulties,limited expertise,space constraints,customer requirements,quality concerns,operational issues,and sector-specific challenges.The study recommends similar assessments in other European industrial sectors to evaluate compliance with mandatory BATs outlined in the Industrial Emissions Directive.The insights from this study on the Turkish textile sector can serve as a valuable guide for future evaluations.展开更多
Although the detrimental ecological and economic effects of introducing freshwater fish species have been extensively documented,non-native freshwater fishes continue to be introduced in large numbers globally to enha...Although the detrimental ecological and economic effects of introducing freshwater fish species have been extensively documented,non-native freshwater fishes continue to be introduced in large numbers globally to enhance fisheries and aquaculture.In Turkey,stocking of common carp Cyprinus carpio is practised to provide food security for people and job security for artisanal fishers,resulting in a country-wide distribution.These stockings,however,increase the risk of accidental introductions and have led to introductions and subsequent invasions of gibel carp Carassius gibelio,a globally invasive and highly detrimental fish species.Here,we assessed the growth types,body conditions and trophic interactions via bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of common and gibel carp in both natural and artificial water bodies in Turkey.The results indicated that common and gibel carp express similar growth types and body conditions in all waters and have similar trophic ecologies.This leads to substantial trophic niche overlaps in waters where they co-occur,with the potential for strong interspecific competition.Considering the ongoing stocking of common carp for fishery enhancement,we recommend to specifically target these stockings in waters where gibel carp has already become invasive.Our findings,indeed,suggest that common carp releases have the potential to hamper invasive gibel carp populations by increasing the competitive interactions between the two species.展开更多
Background:Protected areas(PAs)are aimed to hold the environmental conditions that facilitate species and ecosystems to persist.PAs can become climatically unsuitable and unable to sustain their current number of spec...Background:Protected areas(PAs)are aimed to hold the environmental conditions that facilitate species and ecosystems to persist.PAs can become climatically unsuitable and unable to sustain their current number of species under climate change.The Natura 2000(N2K)is the largest coordinated conservation tool assigned to maintain the long-term survival of Europe’s most significant species and habitats.In attempting to understand the effectiveness of PAs in the face of climate change scenarios,we tested two hypotheses:(1)PAs in the Alpine and the Boreal biogeographical regions will experience more newly emerged climate conditions(hotter and drier)compared to the climate representation of other biogeographical regions under future climate in Europe and(2)PAs in the Mediterranean and the Continental biogeographical regions will face more consistency in climate conditions due to less area of disappearing and novel climate in future.Methods:Current climate data(1960–1990)and projections for 2050 and 2070 of PAs of N2K were extracted from WorldClim global climate data.Principal components analysis(PCA)was performed to construct climate space for the PAs across the biogeographical regions based on 19 climatic variables assessed at 5-km resolution.ArcMap 10.1 was used to map the location of the novel and disappearing climates.Results:PAs in the Alpine region will experience more novel climate conditions in the future compared to other biogeographical regions.The future projections showed that 17.70%of the PAs in the Alpine region will experience novel climate by 2070.Considerable climate consistency was observed in the PAs in the Continental region compared to the other biogeographical regions.Our results showed that about 176 km2 of the selected PAs in the Continental region will face new emerging climate,while about 110 km2 will disappear under RCP 8.5 scenario.The prediction also revealed that in the Mediterranean region 08 PAs will experience novel climate and 786 km2 areas in these PAs will face disappearing climate by 2070.We found that fewer areas of PAs in the Boreal regions will experience disappearing climate in both the scenarios.Conclusions:The portion of novel climate conditions can be seen as a future opportunity to assign new reserves for the species.Our study highlights the importance of conservation planning to increase the connectivity between PAs,identifying novel conservation zones to maximize representation of habitats during the emerging climatic changes as well as designing strategies,management,and monitoring of the individual PAs.展开更多
Correction to:Ecol Process https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0168-6 In the original publication of this article(Nila and Hossain 2019),co-authors‘Carl Beierkuhnlein,Anja Jaeschke and Samuel Hoffmann’need to be adde...Correction to:Ecol Process https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0168-6 In the original publication of this article(Nila and Hossain 2019),co-authors‘Carl Beierkuhnlein,Anja Jaeschke and Samuel Hoffmann’need to be added to the author list.Additionally,two parts of the Declarations section below need to be updated。展开更多
Background:Global climate change is projected to increase temperature and alter precipitation pattern,which could affect grassland ecosystem.Long-term observation at a field experiment can be a powerful approach to ex...Background:Global climate change is projected to increase temperature and alter precipitation pattern,which could affect grassland ecosystem.Long-term observation at a field experiment can be a powerful approach to explore the impacts of climate change on biomass productivity in grassland.In attempting to understand how climatic variability regulates biomass productivity,we analyzed long-term records of temperature and precipitation to examine how variation of temperature and precipitation across 19 years affect biomass productivity.Methods:We established the experiment with 64 plots in two blocks and planted 31 species in 30 different mixtures.We harvested aboveground biomass twice a year,sorted biomass by functional groups,and weighed dry biomass.The site was mown after each harvest.We did not apply any fertilizer and water.Using linear regression model,we examined the influences of growing season temperature and precipitation on biomass productivity.Results:The results showed that aboveground biomass productivity in September and annual were significantly increased in post-drought(2003–2015).The relationships of aboveground biomass productivity with growing season precipitation were significantly positive.The results showed that aboveground biomass productivity in June and annual were sensitive to growing season temperature.The relationships of aboveground biomass productivity of the functional group of grasses with early growing season temperature were significantly negative.Early growing season precipitation had a significant positive effect on aboveground biomass productivity of the functional groups of grasses and legumes.Post-drought aboveground biomass productivity of the functional groups of grasses in June and September were declined,whereas legumes significantly increased,which suggests that the role of dominant grasses may shift by legumes with global climate change.Conclusions:Our results highlight that early and late growing temperature and precipitation variability may reduce the aboveground biomass productivity in grassland.Our study implies that the combination of several functional groups is essential for the maintenance of stable productivity in temperate grassland ecosystem.展开更多
文摘The paper formulates new principles that should form the basis for the development and creation of new environmental monitoring based on heavy UAVs and high-altitude so-called pseudo-satellites capable of operating for a long time at altitudes of 25 - 30 km. In order to develop such principles, this paper analyzes the radioecological situation in the territories of Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine for rapid and high-quality environmental cleanup and rehabilitation of areas with detected critical levels of environmentally hazardous pollutants. In order to quickly obtain fundamentally new environmental information, it is necessary to conduct multi-parameter, high-precision integrated monitoring of the Earth’s geospheres based on the latest methods and equipment for ground and remote environmental measurements, and new methods and technological means of clean, environmentally safe processing and final disposal. As the most appropriate technology, we propose mobile installations for plasma-chemical pyrolysis of medical waste directly at the place of its generation.
文摘This paper presents the results of the development and creation of plasma-chemical reactors for mobile and stationary installations for the destruction and disposal of solid, liquid, gaseous and mixed medical waste based on the domestic plasma generator PUN-1, with air as the plasma-forming gas. The design and principle of operation of plasma-chemical reactors installed on mobile experimental and industrial plants “Plazmon-1,2,3”, as well as the main features of the plasma waste disposal process are described.
文摘New results of two computer experiments on modeling of superthermal neutron-nuclear combustion of natural uranium for two different flux densities of external neutron source and duration of half a year each are presented. The simulation results demonstrate the dependence of the autowave combustion modes on the parameters of the external source.
基金This research work was carried out during the SERB,SIRE fellowship (File No.SIR/2022/000972)tenure at Keio University,Japan.
文摘This research aim to evaluate hydro-meteorological data from the Yamuna River Basin,Uttarakhand,India,utilizing Extreme Value Distribution of Frequency Analysis and the Markov Chain Approach.This method assesses persistence and allows for combinatorial probability estimations such as initial and transitional probabilities.The hydrologic data was generated(in-situ)and received from Uttarakhand Jal Vidut Nigam Limited(UJVNL),and meteorological data was acquired from NASA’s archives MERRA-2 product.A total of sixteen years(2005-2020)of data was used to foresee daily Precipitation from 2020 to 2022.MERRA-2 products are utilized as observed and forecast values for daily Precipitation throughout the monsoon season,which runs from July to September.Markov Chain and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)findings for 2020,2021,and 2022 were observed,and anticipated values for daily rainfall during the monsoon season between July and September.According to test findings,the artificial intelligence technique cannot anticipate future regional meteorological formations;the correlation coefficient R^(2) is around 0.12.According to the randomly verified precipitation data findings,the Markov Chain model has a success rate of 79.17 percent.The results suggest that extended return periods should be a warning sign for drought and flood risk in the Himalayan region.This study gives a better knowledge of the water budget,climate change variability,and impact of global warming,ultimately leading to improved water resource management and better emergency planning to the establishment of the Early Warning System(EWS)for extreme occurrences such as cloudbursts,flash floods,landslides hazards in the complex Himalayan region.
文摘The draft Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control(IPPC)regulation mandates compliance with best available techniques(BATs)for textile manufacturers.A study in Turkish textile facilities,covering 56 units across four sub-sectors,assessed the status of 488 BATs through on-site visits and surveys.The aim was to gauge the sector’s adherence to BATs.The findings revealed that 37% of surveyed BATs were fully implemented,rising to 88% when considering potential future implementations.This suggests a strong industry inclination toward adopting BATs for cleaner production and competitiveness.The study highlighted significant BAT-related investments in the textile sector,driven by environmental concerns,regulations,customer demands,resource efficiency,competition,and cost-benefit considerations.However,the study results also indicated that there is still much work to do for the implementation of some BATs.It was found that 60 BATs had lower implementation ratios(IR:0%-43%).Lower IR values for these BATs are mainly due to factors like specificity,high costs,long payback periods,operational difficulties,limited expertise,space constraints,customer requirements,quality concerns,operational issues,and sector-specific challenges.The study recommends similar assessments in other European industrial sectors to evaluate compliance with mandatory BATs outlined in the Industrial Emissions Directive.The insights from this study on the Turkish textile sector can serve as a valuable guide for future evaluations.
基金supported by Eskis¸ehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number FBA-2021-2227 and FCD-2021-2146the TUBITAK BIDEB(2219 Program),which supported the authors both Irmak KURTUL and Ali Serhan TARKAN with one-year scholarships during their post doc studies at Bournemouth University,the United Kingdom.
文摘Although the detrimental ecological and economic effects of introducing freshwater fish species have been extensively documented,non-native freshwater fishes continue to be introduced in large numbers globally to enhance fisheries and aquaculture.In Turkey,stocking of common carp Cyprinus carpio is practised to provide food security for people and job security for artisanal fishers,resulting in a country-wide distribution.These stockings,however,increase the risk of accidental introductions and have led to introductions and subsequent invasions of gibel carp Carassius gibelio,a globally invasive and highly detrimental fish species.Here,we assessed the growth types,body conditions and trophic interactions via bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of common and gibel carp in both natural and artificial water bodies in Turkey.The results indicated that common and gibel carp express similar growth types and body conditions in all waters and have similar trophic ecologies.This leads to substantial trophic niche overlaps in waters where they co-occur,with the potential for strong interspecific competition.Considering the ongoing stocking of common carp for fishery enhancement,we recommend to specifically target these stockings in waters where gibel carp has already become invasive.Our findings,indeed,suggest that common carp releases have the potential to hamper invasive gibel carp populations by increasing the competitive interactions between the two species.
文摘Background:Protected areas(PAs)are aimed to hold the environmental conditions that facilitate species and ecosystems to persist.PAs can become climatically unsuitable and unable to sustain their current number of species under climate change.The Natura 2000(N2K)is the largest coordinated conservation tool assigned to maintain the long-term survival of Europe’s most significant species and habitats.In attempting to understand the effectiveness of PAs in the face of climate change scenarios,we tested two hypotheses:(1)PAs in the Alpine and the Boreal biogeographical regions will experience more newly emerged climate conditions(hotter and drier)compared to the climate representation of other biogeographical regions under future climate in Europe and(2)PAs in the Mediterranean and the Continental biogeographical regions will face more consistency in climate conditions due to less area of disappearing and novel climate in future.Methods:Current climate data(1960–1990)and projections for 2050 and 2070 of PAs of N2K were extracted from WorldClim global climate data.Principal components analysis(PCA)was performed to construct climate space for the PAs across the biogeographical regions based on 19 climatic variables assessed at 5-km resolution.ArcMap 10.1 was used to map the location of the novel and disappearing climates.Results:PAs in the Alpine region will experience more novel climate conditions in the future compared to other biogeographical regions.The future projections showed that 17.70%of the PAs in the Alpine region will experience novel climate by 2070.Considerable climate consistency was observed in the PAs in the Continental region compared to the other biogeographical regions.Our results showed that about 176 km2 of the selected PAs in the Continental region will face new emerging climate,while about 110 km2 will disappear under RCP 8.5 scenario.The prediction also revealed that in the Mediterranean region 08 PAs will experience novel climate and 786 km2 areas in these PAs will face disappearing climate by 2070.We found that fewer areas of PAs in the Boreal regions will experience disappearing climate in both the scenarios.Conclusions:The portion of novel climate conditions can be seen as a future opportunity to assign new reserves for the species.Our study highlights the importance of conservation planning to increase the connectivity between PAs,identifying novel conservation zones to maximize representation of habitats during the emerging climatic changes as well as designing strategies,management,and monitoring of the individual PAs.
基金by the European H2020 Project ECOPOTENTIAL,grant agreement No.641762.
文摘Correction to:Ecol Process https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-019-0168-6 In the original publication of this article(Nila and Hossain 2019),co-authors‘Carl Beierkuhnlein,Anja Jaeschke and Samuel Hoffmann’need to be added to the author list.Additionally,two parts of the Declarations section below need to be updated。
基金The BIODEPTH project was funded by the European Commission within the Framework IV Environment and Climate program(ENV-CT95-0008)and coordinated by Prof.Dr.Carl Beierkuhnlein,Department of Biogeography,University of Bayreuth,Germany.
文摘Background:Global climate change is projected to increase temperature and alter precipitation pattern,which could affect grassland ecosystem.Long-term observation at a field experiment can be a powerful approach to explore the impacts of climate change on biomass productivity in grassland.In attempting to understand how climatic variability regulates biomass productivity,we analyzed long-term records of temperature and precipitation to examine how variation of temperature and precipitation across 19 years affect biomass productivity.Methods:We established the experiment with 64 plots in two blocks and planted 31 species in 30 different mixtures.We harvested aboveground biomass twice a year,sorted biomass by functional groups,and weighed dry biomass.The site was mown after each harvest.We did not apply any fertilizer and water.Using linear regression model,we examined the influences of growing season temperature and precipitation on biomass productivity.Results:The results showed that aboveground biomass productivity in September and annual were significantly increased in post-drought(2003–2015).The relationships of aboveground biomass productivity with growing season precipitation were significantly positive.The results showed that aboveground biomass productivity in June and annual were sensitive to growing season temperature.The relationships of aboveground biomass productivity of the functional group of grasses with early growing season temperature were significantly negative.Early growing season precipitation had a significant positive effect on aboveground biomass productivity of the functional groups of grasses and legumes.Post-drought aboveground biomass productivity of the functional groups of grasses in June and September were declined,whereas legumes significantly increased,which suggests that the role of dominant grasses may shift by legumes with global climate change.Conclusions:Our results highlight that early and late growing temperature and precipitation variability may reduce the aboveground biomass productivity in grassland.Our study implies that the combination of several functional groups is essential for the maintenance of stable productivity in temperate grassland ecosystem.
