The laws of heat radiation from black body, the laws of Stefan-Boltzmann, Planck, and Wien are fundamental laws of physics. All in all, a little more than 30 fundamental laws of physics, studied by pupils and students...The laws of heat radiation from black body, the laws of Stefan-Boltzmann, Planck, and Wien are fundamental laws of physics. All in all, a little more than 30 fundamental laws of physics, studied by pupils and students worldwide were disclosed. Scientific disclosure of fundamental laws influences mainly power technology, fuel and energy resources saving. In the late XIX century the laws of heat radiation from gas volumes and the laws of Makarov were disclosed. Since the radiation laws from blackbody are fundamental laws of physics, then the laws of heat radiation from gas volumes are fundamental laws of physics. Effect of using laws of heat radiation from gas volumes on fuel saving, reduction of development pressure on the environment in many countries of the world is shown. Calculation results from heat transfer in combustion chamber of gas-turbine plant are described. The torch in a combustion chamber is modeled by cylindrical gas volumes. Fluxes data from the torch and convective fluxes of cooling air are confirmed by measuring data from chamber-wall temperature.展开更多
The author describes the fundamental laws of physics, the laws of thermal radiation of ionized and non-ionized gas volumes. Based on open laws, a modern theory of heat transfer and methods for calculating heat transfe...The author describes the fundamental laws of physics, the laws of thermal radiation of ionized and non-ionized gas volumes. Based on open laws, a modern theory of heat transfer and methods for calculating heat transfer in electric arc and flare metallurgical furnaces, furnaces of steam boilers, and combustion chambers of gas turbine plants of power plants have been developed. The use of scientific discovery makes it possible to create innovative electric arc steel-smelting furnaces, flare heating furnaces, and combustion chambers in which the consumption of electricity and fuel is reduced, productivity and service life are increased, and the amount of harmful emissions into the environment is reduced.展开更多
Battery storage systems are subject to frequent charging/discharging cycles,which reduce the operational life of the battery and reduce system reliability in the long run.As such,several Battery Management Systems(BMS...Battery storage systems are subject to frequent charging/discharging cycles,which reduce the operational life of the battery and reduce system reliability in the long run.As such,several Battery Management Systems(BMS)have been developed to maintain system reliability and extend the battery’s operative life.Accurate estimation of the battery’s State of Charge(SOC)is a key challenge in the BMS due to its non-linear characteristics.This paper presents a comprehensive review on the most recent classifications and mathematical models for SOC estimation.Future trends for SOC estimation methods are also presented.展开更多
While several recent studies have focused on elimi-nating the imbalance of energy stored in series-connected battery cells,very little attention has been given to balancing the energy stored in parallel-connected batt...While several recent studies have focused on elimi-nating the imbalance of energy stored in series-connected battery cells,very little attention has been given to balancing the energy stored in parallel-connected battery cells.As such,this paper aims at presenting a new balancing approach for parallel LiFePO_(4) battery cells.In this regard,a Backpropagation Neural Network(BPNN)based technique is employed to develop a Battery Management System(BMS)that can assess the charging status of all cells and control its operations through a DC/DC Buck-Boost converter.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in balancing the energy stored in parallel-connected battery cells in which the state of charge(SoC)estimation error is found to be only 1.15%.展开更多
文摘The laws of heat radiation from black body, the laws of Stefan-Boltzmann, Planck, and Wien are fundamental laws of physics. All in all, a little more than 30 fundamental laws of physics, studied by pupils and students worldwide were disclosed. Scientific disclosure of fundamental laws influences mainly power technology, fuel and energy resources saving. In the late XIX century the laws of heat radiation from gas volumes and the laws of Makarov were disclosed. Since the radiation laws from blackbody are fundamental laws of physics, then the laws of heat radiation from gas volumes are fundamental laws of physics. Effect of using laws of heat radiation from gas volumes on fuel saving, reduction of development pressure on the environment in many countries of the world is shown. Calculation results from heat transfer in combustion chamber of gas-turbine plant are described. The torch in a combustion chamber is modeled by cylindrical gas volumes. Fluxes data from the torch and convective fluxes of cooling air are confirmed by measuring data from chamber-wall temperature.
文摘The author describes the fundamental laws of physics, the laws of thermal radiation of ionized and non-ionized gas volumes. Based on open laws, a modern theory of heat transfer and methods for calculating heat transfer in electric arc and flare metallurgical furnaces, furnaces of steam boilers, and combustion chambers of gas turbine plants of power plants have been developed. The use of scientific discovery makes it possible to create innovative electric arc steel-smelting furnaces, flare heating furnaces, and combustion chambers in which the consumption of electricity and fuel is reduced, productivity and service life are increased, and the amount of harmful emissions into the environment is reduced.
基金This work was supported by research and innovation management center(RIMC)UNIMAS through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme FRGS/1/2017/TK10/UNIMAS/03/1,Ministry of Higher Education,Malaysia.
文摘Battery storage systems are subject to frequent charging/discharging cycles,which reduce the operational life of the battery and reduce system reliability in the long run.As such,several Battery Management Systems(BMS)have been developed to maintain system reliability and extend the battery’s operative life.Accurate estimation of the battery’s State of Charge(SOC)is a key challenge in the BMS due to its non-linear characteristics.This paper presents a comprehensive review on the most recent classifications and mathematical models for SOC estimation.Future trends for SOC estimation methods are also presented.
基金research and innovation management center(RIMC)UNIMAS via Fundamental Research Grant Scheme FRGS/1/2017/TK10/UNIMAS/03/1,Ministry of Higher Education,Malaysia.
文摘While several recent studies have focused on elimi-nating the imbalance of energy stored in series-connected battery cells,very little attention has been given to balancing the energy stored in parallel-connected battery cells.As such,this paper aims at presenting a new balancing approach for parallel LiFePO_(4) battery cells.In this regard,a Backpropagation Neural Network(BPNN)based technique is employed to develop a Battery Management System(BMS)that can assess the charging status of all cells and control its operations through a DC/DC Buck-Boost converter.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in balancing the energy stored in parallel-connected battery cells in which the state of charge(SoC)estimation error is found to be only 1.15%.
