Objectives:Cancer treatment relies heavily on accurate diagnosis and effective monitoring of the disease.These processes often involve invasive procedures,such as colonoscopy,to detect malignant tissues,followed by mo...Objectives:Cancer treatment relies heavily on accurate diagnosis and effective monitoring of the disease.These processes often involve invasive procedures,such as colonoscopy,to detect malignant tissues,followed by molecular analyses to determine relevant biomarkers.This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of droplet digital PCR(ddPCR)for detecting Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Proto-Oncogene(KRAS),Neuroblastoma RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog(NRAS),and B-Raf Murine Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog B(BRAF)mutations in circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)from colorectal cancer patients using liquid biopsy.Methods:ctDNA was isolated from colorectal cancer(CRC)patients(n=110)and analyzed for KRAS,BRAF,and NRAS mutations.The ctDNA obtained through liquid biopsy was analyzed using ddPCR,and the findings were compared with sequencing data from tumor DNA archived in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded(FFPE)blocks.Results:For KRAS mutations,ddPCR achieved a sensitivity of 72.0%and a specificity of 71.4%.However,when pooling all target mutations(KRAS,NRAS and BRAF),the overall sensitivity and specificity were lower,at 48.3%and 51.1%,respectively.Conclusion:The results of this study indicate that the ddPCR analysis of ctDNA may provide complementary information for the molecular diagnosis of CRC patients.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the stress distribution to the mandible, with and without impacted third molars（IM3 s） at various orientations, resulting from a 2000-Newton impact force either from the anterior midline o...Objective： To investigate the stress distribution to the mandible, with and without impacted third molars（IM3 s） at various orientations, resulting from a 2000-Newton impact force either from the anterior midline or from the body of the mandible. Materials and methods： A 3 D mandibular virtual model from a healthy dentate patient was created and the mechanical properties of the mandible were categorized to 9 levels based on the Hounsfield unit measured from computed tomography（CT） images. Von Mises stress distributions to the mandibular angle and condylar areas from static impact forces（Load I-front blow and Load II left blow） were evaluated using finite element analysis（FEA）. Six groups with IM3 were included： full horizontal bony, full vertical bony, full 450 mesioangular bony, partial horizontal bony, partial vertical, and partial 450 mesioangular bony impaction, and a baseline group with no third molars. Results： Von Mises stresses in the condyle and angle areas were higher for partially than for fully impacted third molars under both loading conditions, with partial horizontal IM3 showing the highest fracture risk. Stresses were higher on the contralateral than on the ipsilateral side. Under Load II, the angle area had the highest stress for various orientations of IM3 s. The condylar region had the highest stress when IM3 s were absent. Conclusions： High-impact forces are more likely to cause condylar rather than angular fracture when IM3 s are missing. The risk of mandibular fracture is higher for partially than fully impacted third molars, with the angulation of impaction having little effect on facture risk.展开更多
AIM: To investigate whether selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miR-196a2, miR-27a and miR146a genes are associated with sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: In order to investigate the effect of t...AIM: To investigate whether selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miR-196a2, miR-27a and miR146a genes are associated with sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: In order to investigate the effect of these SNPs in CRC, we performed a case-control study of 197 cases of sporadic CRC and 212 cancer-free controls originating from the Central-European Caucasian population using TaqMan Real-Time polymerase chain reaction and allelic discrimination analysis. RESULTS: The genotype and allele frequencies of SNPs were compared between the cases and the controls. None of the performed analysis showed any statistically significant results. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a lack of association between rs11614913, rs895819 and rs2910164 and colorectal cancer risk in the Central-European Caucasian population, a population with an extremely high incidence of sporadic colorectal cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Research suggests that approximately 6%of adult patients admitted to hospitals in the United States present with sepsis and there has been a minimal change in the incidence of this condition in the last dec...BACKGROUND Research suggests that approximately 6%of adult patients admitted to hospitals in the United States present with sepsis and there has been a minimal change in the incidence of this condition in the last decade.Furthermore,patients with cancer generally have a higher incidence of sepsis due to immunosuppression caused by cancer or its treatment.AIM To assess if cancer increases the mortality rates in sepsis patients by pooling evidence from contemporary studies.METHODS PubMed,Embase,and Google Scholar databases were searched from January 1,2001 to December 15,2021 for studies comparing outcomes of sepsis patients based on the presence of active cancer.Mortality data were pooled using a random-effects model,with the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)calculated.Meta-regression was conducted to assess the influence of confounders on mortality rates.RESULTS Nine studies were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a non-significant tendency towards increased risk of early mortality(OR=2.77,95%CI:0.88-8.66,I^(2)=99%)and a statistically significantly increased risk of late mortality amongst sepsis patients with cancer as compared to non-cancer sepsis patients(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.42-4.25,I^(2)=99%).Overall,cancer was found to significantly increase the risk of mortality in sepsis patients(OR=2.7,95%CI:1.07-6.84,I^(2)=99%).Metaanalysis indicated a statistically significantly increased risk of mortality in patients with solid tumors as well as hematological malignancies.Meta-regression indicated that an increase in the prevalence of comorbid pulmonary and renal diseases increased the risk of mortality in cancer patients with sepsis.Mortality rates increased with an increase in the percentage of patients with urinary tract infections while an inverse relationship was seen for infections of cutaneous origin.CONCLUSION Contemporary evidence indicates that the presence of any cancer in sepsis patients significantly increases the risk of mortality.Scarce data suggest that mortality is equally increased for both solid and hematological cancers.Current evidence is limited by high heterogeneity and there is a need for further studies taking into account several confounding variables to present better evidence.展开更多
High-grade gliomas(HGGs) are malignant primary brain tumors of glial cell origin.Despite optimal course of treatment,including maximal surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemo-and/or radiotherapy,the prognosis st...High-grade gliomas(HGGs) are malignant primary brain tumors of glial cell origin.Despite optimal course of treatment,including maximal surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemo-and/or radiotherapy,the prognosis still remains poor.The main reason is the commonly occurring chemo-and radioresistance of these tumors.In recent years,several signaling pathways,especially PI3K/AKT and ATM/CHK2/p53,have been linked to the resistance of gliomas.Moreover,additional studies have shown that these pathways are significantly regulated by microRNAs(miRNAs),short endogenous RNA molecules that modulate gene expression and control many biological processes including apoptosis,proliferation,cell cycle,invasivity,and angiogenesis.MiRNAs are not only highly deregulated in gliomas,their expression signatures have also been shown to predict prognosis and therapy response.Therefore,they present promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets that might overcome the resistance to treatment and improve prognosis of glioma patients.In this review,we summarize the current knowledge of the functional role of miRNAs in gliomas resistance to chemo-and radiotherapy.展开更多
The number of new cancer cases in China is increasing rapidly,and China now ranks first in the world for the number of cancer patients.Traditional oncology treatment is based on surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,b...The number of new cancer cases in China is increasing rapidly,and China now ranks first in the world for the number of cancer patients.Traditional oncology treatment is based on surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,but all three treatments are often accompanied by a poor quality of life,impaired physical function,and significant anxiety and depression.Exercise therapy can provide both prognostic improvement and a better quality of life for cancer patients,and can be adapted to serve patients at all stages from perioperative recovery to hospice.Although the impact of exercise alone is difficult to assess given the influence of lifestyle and other factors,data suggest that consistent exercise can improve the prognosis of cancer patients.Exercise enhances cardiopulmonary function,induces protein synthesis,improves physiological performance and increases physiological reserves;it also helps to improve the metabolic and immune functions,creating an anti-cancer environment in the body.An appropriate exercise plan can reduce adverse effects associated with cancer treatment,improve patients'physiological function,reduce fatigue and improve quality of life.Of note,exercise may also reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and metastasis.In recent years,exercise oncology has received increasing attention,thus,this article reviews the progress made in the clinical application of exercise therapy in oncology patients.展开更多
This study presents a multi-center clinical data management platform that facilitates unified and structured management of real-world data and serves as an ideal tool to enhance the quality and progress of clinical re...This study presents a multi-center clinical data management platform that facilitates unified and structured management of real-world data and serves as an ideal tool to enhance the quality and progress of clinical research related to severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).The use of the platform enables clinical teams to obtain safe,accurate,structurally unified,traceable,sceneclear,and fully functional real-world medical data in the diagnosis,treatment,and research of acute pancreatitis(AP).展开更多
基金funded by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic—conceptual development of research organization(MMCI,00209805)Czech Science Foundation(No.25-15990S)+1 种基金the project 7D241003 EUREKA EUROSTARS35897,project SALVAGE(P JAC,reg.No.CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004644)—funded by the European Unionby the State Budget of the Czech Republic,and by the LRI project BBMRI.cz(Nos.LM2023033 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001674.).
文摘Objectives:Cancer treatment relies heavily on accurate diagnosis and effective monitoring of the disease.These processes often involve invasive procedures,such as colonoscopy,to detect malignant tissues,followed by molecular analyses to determine relevant biomarkers.This study aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of droplet digital PCR(ddPCR)for detecting Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral Proto-Oncogene(KRAS),Neuroblastoma RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog(NRAS),and B-Raf Murine Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog B(BRAF)mutations in circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)from colorectal cancer patients using liquid biopsy.Methods:ctDNA was isolated from colorectal cancer(CRC)patients(n=110)and analyzed for KRAS,BRAF,and NRAS mutations.The ctDNA obtained through liquid biopsy was analyzed using ddPCR,and the findings were compared with sequencing data from tumor DNA archived in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded(FFPE)blocks.Results:For KRAS mutations,ddPCR achieved a sensitivity of 72.0%and a specificity of 71.4%.However,when pooling all target mutations(KRAS,NRAS and BRAF),the overall sensitivity and specificity were lower,at 48.3%and 51.1%,respectively.Conclusion:The results of this study indicate that the ddPCR analysis of ctDNA may provide complementary information for the molecular diagnosis of CRC patients.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51375453 and 51775506)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY18E050022),China
文摘Objective： To investigate the stress distribution to the mandible, with and without impacted third molars（IM3 s） at various orientations, resulting from a 2000-Newton impact force either from the anterior midline or from the body of the mandible. Materials and methods： A 3 D mandibular virtual model from a healthy dentate patient was created and the mechanical properties of the mandible were categorized to 9 levels based on the Hounsfield unit measured from computed tomography（CT） images. Von Mises stress distributions to the mandibular angle and condylar areas from static impact forces（Load I-front blow and Load II left blow） were evaluated using finite element analysis（FEA）. Six groups with IM3 were included： full horizontal bony, full vertical bony, full 450 mesioangular bony, partial horizontal bony, partial vertical, and partial 450 mesioangular bony impaction, and a baseline group with no third molars. Results： Von Mises stresses in the condyle and angle areas were higher for partially than for fully impacted third molars under both loading conditions, with partial horizontal IM3 showing the highest fracture risk. Stresses were higher on the contralateral than on the ipsilateral side. Under Load II, the angle area had the highest stress for various orientations of IM3 s. The condylar region had the highest stress when IM3 s were absent. Conclusions： High-impact forces are more likely to cause condylar rather than angular fracture when IM3 s are missing. The risk of mandibular fracture is higher for partially than fully impacted third molars, with the angulation of impaction having little effect on facture risk.
基金Supported by Czech Ministry of Health, No. NS 10352-3/2009,NS/9814 and project No. MZ0MOU2005the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports for the project BBMRI CZ, No.LM2010004the project ‘‘CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology’’, No. CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068
文摘AIM: To investigate whether selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miR-196a2, miR-27a and miR146a genes are associated with sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: In order to investigate the effect of these SNPs in CRC, we performed a case-control study of 197 cases of sporadic CRC and 212 cancer-free controls originating from the Central-European Caucasian population using TaqMan Real-Time polymerase chain reaction and allelic discrimination analysis. RESULTS: The genotype and allele frequencies of SNPs were compared between the cases and the controls. None of the performed analysis showed any statistically significant results. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a lack of association between rs11614913, rs895819 and rs2910164 and colorectal cancer risk in the Central-European Caucasian population, a population with an extremely high incidence of sporadic colorectal cancer.
文摘BACKGROUND Research suggests that approximately 6%of adult patients admitted to hospitals in the United States present with sepsis and there has been a minimal change in the incidence of this condition in the last decade.Furthermore,patients with cancer generally have a higher incidence of sepsis due to immunosuppression caused by cancer or its treatment.AIM To assess if cancer increases the mortality rates in sepsis patients by pooling evidence from contemporary studies.METHODS PubMed,Embase,and Google Scholar databases were searched from January 1,2001 to December 15,2021 for studies comparing outcomes of sepsis patients based on the presence of active cancer.Mortality data were pooled using a random-effects model,with the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)calculated.Meta-regression was conducted to assess the influence of confounders on mortality rates.RESULTS Nine studies were included.The meta-analysis demonstrated a non-significant tendency towards increased risk of early mortality(OR=2.77,95%CI:0.88-8.66,I^(2)=99%)and a statistically significantly increased risk of late mortality amongst sepsis patients with cancer as compared to non-cancer sepsis patients(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.42-4.25,I^(2)=99%).Overall,cancer was found to significantly increase the risk of mortality in sepsis patients(OR=2.7,95%CI:1.07-6.84,I^(2)=99%).Metaanalysis indicated a statistically significantly increased risk of mortality in patients with solid tumors as well as hematological malignancies.Meta-regression indicated that an increase in the prevalence of comorbid pulmonary and renal diseases increased the risk of mortality in cancer patients with sepsis.Mortality rates increased with an increase in the percentage of patients with urinary tract infections while an inverse relationship was seen for infections of cutaneous origin.CONCLUSION Contemporary evidence indicates that the presence of any cancer in sepsis patients significantly increases the risk of mortality.Scarce data suggest that mortality is equally increased for both solid and hematological cancers.Current evidence is limited by high heterogeneity and there is a need for further studies taking into account several confounding variables to present better evidence.
文摘High-grade gliomas(HGGs) are malignant primary brain tumors of glial cell origin.Despite optimal course of treatment,including maximal surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemo-and/or radiotherapy,the prognosis still remains poor.The main reason is the commonly occurring chemo-and radioresistance of these tumors.In recent years,several signaling pathways,especially PI3K/AKT and ATM/CHK2/p53,have been linked to the resistance of gliomas.Moreover,additional studies have shown that these pathways are significantly regulated by microRNAs(miRNAs),short endogenous RNA molecules that modulate gene expression and control many biological processes including apoptosis,proliferation,cell cycle,invasivity,and angiogenesis.MiRNAs are not only highly deregulated in gliomas,their expression signatures have also been shown to predict prognosis and therapy response.Therefore,they present promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets that might overcome the resistance to treatment and improve prognosis of glioma patients.In this review,we summarize the current knowledge of the functional role of miRNAs in gliomas resistance to chemo-and radiotherapy.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171565).
文摘The number of new cancer cases in China is increasing rapidly,and China now ranks first in the world for the number of cancer patients.Traditional oncology treatment is based on surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy,but all three treatments are often accompanied by a poor quality of life,impaired physical function,and significant anxiety and depression.Exercise therapy can provide both prognostic improvement and a better quality of life for cancer patients,and can be adapted to serve patients at all stages from perioperative recovery to hospice.Although the impact of exercise alone is difficult to assess given the influence of lifestyle and other factors,data suggest that consistent exercise can improve the prognosis of cancer patients.Exercise enhances cardiopulmonary function,induces protein synthesis,improves physiological performance and increases physiological reserves;it also helps to improve the metabolic and immune functions,creating an anti-cancer environment in the body.An appropriate exercise plan can reduce adverse effects associated with cancer treatment,improve patients'physiological function,reduce fatigue and improve quality of life.Of note,exercise may also reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and metastasis.In recent years,exercise oncology has received increasing attention,thus,this article reviews the progress made in the clinical application of exercise therapy in oncology patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2019YFC1316000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81830089,81801640,81802359,81871545,and 81802334).
文摘This study presents a multi-center clinical data management platform that facilitates unified and structured management of real-world data and serves as an ideal tool to enhance the quality and progress of clinical research related to severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).The use of the platform enables clinical teams to obtain safe,accurate,structurally unified,traceable,sceneclear,and fully functional real-world medical data in the diagnosis,treatment,and research of acute pancreatitis(AP).
