Hodgkin lymphoma(HL)is a heterogenous lymphoproliferative disorder of B-cell origin and represents one of the most common malignancies in children and young adults.In addition to well-known underlying factors-such as ...Hodgkin lymphoma(HL)is a heterogenous lymphoproliferative disorder of B-cell origin and represents one of the most common malignancies in children and young adults.In addition to well-known underlying factors-such as Epstein-Barr virus infection-the familial aggregation demonstrated in large population studies suggested a genetic predisposition.First-degree relatives of patients with HL have an approximately threefold increased risk of developing the disease compared to the general population.These observations have recently prompted several whole-genome studies in affected families,identifying variants possibly implicated in lymphomagenesis,including alterations in DICER1(a member of the ribonuclease III family),POT1(protection of telomeres 1),KDR(kinase insert domain receptor),KLHDC8B(kelch domain-containing protein 8B),PAX5(paired box protein 5),GATA3(GATA binding protein 3),IRF7(interferon regulatory factor 7),EEF2KMT(eukaryotic elongation factor 2 lysine methyltransferase),and POLR1E(RNA polymerase I subunit E).In this article,we review current insights into the etiopathogenesis and risks of familial HL,and present case reports involving two sisters diagnosed with HL nearly 17 years apart.Recognizing the risk for first-degree relatives may potentially increase awareness of early symptoms among family members of HL patients,leading to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.Conversely,understanding that the hereditary risk,though higher than in the general population,remains relatively low may provide reassurance for affected families.展开更多
Accurate Global Horizontal Irradiance(GHI)forecasting has become vital for successfully integrating solar energy into the electrical grid because of the expanding demand for green power and the worldwide shift favouri...Accurate Global Horizontal Irradiance(GHI)forecasting has become vital for successfully integrating solar energy into the electrical grid because of the expanding demand for green power and the worldwide shift favouring green energy resources.Particularly considering the implications of the aggressive GHG emission targets,accurate GHI forecasting has become vital for developing,designing,and operational managing solar energy systems.This research presented the core concepts of modelling and performance analysis of the application of various forecasting models such as ARIMA(Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average),Elaman NN(Elman Neural Network),RBFN(Radial Basis Function Neural Network),SVM(Support Vector Machine),LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory),Persistent,BPN(Back Propagation Neural Network),MLP(Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network),RF(Random Forest),and XGBoost(eXtreme Gradient Boosting)for assessing multi-seasonal forecasting of GHI.Used the India region data to evaluate the models’performance and forecasting ability.Research using forecasting models for seasonal Global Horizontal Irradiance(GHI)forecasting in winter,spring,summer,monsoon,and autumn.Substantiated performance effectiveness through evaluation metrics,such as Mean Absolute Error(MAE),Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE),and R-squared(R^(2)),coded using Python programming.The performance experimentation analysis inferred that the most accurate forecasts in all the seasons compared to the other forecasting models the Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting,are the superior and competing models that yield Winter season-based forecasting XGBoost is the best forecasting model with MAE:1.6325,RMSE:4.8338,and R^(2):0.9998.Spring season-based forecasting XGBoost is the best forecasting model with MAE:2.599599,RMSE:5.58539,and R^(2):0.999784.Summer season-based forecasting RF is the best forecasting model with MAE:1.03843,RMSE:2.116325,and R^(2):0.999967.Monsoon season-based forecasting RF is the best forecasting model with MAE:0.892385,RMSE:2.417587,and R^(2):0.999942.Autumn season-based forecasting RF is the best forecasting model with MAE:0.810462,RMSE:1.928215,and R^(2):0.999958.Based on seasonal variations and computing constraints,the findings enable energy system operators to make helpful recommendations for choosing the most effective forecasting models.展开更多
Natural gas consumption forecasting is crucial for transmission system operators,distribution system operators,traders,and other players in the market.This work collects natural gas forecasting scientific works in acc...Natural gas consumption forecasting is crucial for transmission system operators,distribution system operators,traders,and other players in the market.This work collects natural gas forecasting scientific works in accordance with the forecasting tool used by Energinet,the Danish transmission system operator.The work provides an analytical description on the long-term stability and security of the natural gas transmission system in Denmark.This work offers a detailed scientific directory on natural gas forecasting,presenting the so far vaguely described market in a more structured manner.The paper was focused on presenting the latest findings on identifying the selection each time of the appropriate prognostic model for each application based on:①the option for supporting double seasonality,②various exogenous variables,③suitability for day-ahead forecasting,and④ease of use and all these versus Energinet’s current model.展开更多
High electron mobility transistor(HEMT)based on gallium nitride(GaN)is one of the most promising candidates for the future generation of high frequencies and high-power electronic applications.This research work aims ...High electron mobility transistor(HEMT)based on gallium nitride(GaN)is one of the most promising candidates for the future generation of high frequencies and high-power electronic applications.This research work aims at designing and characterization of enhancement-mode or normally-off GaN HEMT.The impact of variations in gate length,mole concentration,barrier variations and other important design parameters on the performance of normally-off GaN HEMT is thoroughly investigated.An increase in the gate length causes a decrease in the drain current and transconductance,while an increase in drain current and transconductance can be achieved by increasing the concentration of aluminium(Al).For Al mole fractions of 23%,25%,and 27%,within Al gallium nitride(AlGaN)barrier,the GaN HEMT devices provide a maximum drain current of 347,408 and 474 mA/μm and a transconductance of 19,20.2,21.5 mS/μm,respectively.Whereas,for Al mole fraction of 10%and 15%,within AlGaN buffer,these devices are observed to provide a drain current of 329 and 283 mA/μm,respectively.Furthermore,for a gate length of 2.4,3.4,and 4.4μm,the device is observed to exhibit a maximum drain current of 272,235,and 221 mA/μm and the transconductance of 16.2,14,and 12.3 mS/μm,respectively.It is established that a maximum drain current of 997 mA/μm can be achieved with an Al concentration of 23%,and the device exhibits a steady drain current with enhanced transconductance.These observations demonstrate tremendous potential for two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)for securing of the normally-off mode operation.A suitable setting of gate length and other design parameters is critical in preserving the normally-off mode operation while also enhancing the critical performance parameters at the same time.Due to the normallyon depletion-mode nature of GaN HEMT,it is usually not considered as suitable for high power levels,frequencies,and temperature.In such settings,a negative bias is required to enter the blocking condition;however,in the before-mentioned normally-off devices,the negative bias can be avoided and the channel can be depleted without applying a negative bias.展开更多
In this paper, we study a new approach for solving linear fractional programming problem (LFP) by converting it into a single Linear Programming (LP) Problem, which can be solved by using any type of linear fractional...In this paper, we study a new approach for solving linear fractional programming problem (LFP) by converting it into a single Linear Programming (LP) Problem, which can be solved by using any type of linear fractional programming technique. In the objective function of an LFP, if βis negative, the available methods are failed to solve, while our proposed method is capable of solving such problems. In the present paper, we propose a new method and develop FORTRAN programs to solve the problem. The optimal LFP solution procedure is illustrated with numerical examples and also by a computer program. We also compare our method with other available methods for solving LFP problems. Our proposed method of linear fractional programming (LFP) problem is very simple and easy to understand and apply.展开更多
Beta thalassemia(β-thalassemia)syndromes are a heterogeneous group of inherited hemoglobinopathies caused by molecular defects in the beta-globin gene that lead to the impaired synthesis of beta-globin chains of the ...Beta thalassemia(β-thalassemia)syndromes are a heterogeneous group of inherited hemoglobinopathies caused by molecular defects in the beta-globin gene that lead to the impaired synthesis of beta-globin chains of the hemoglobin.The hallmarks of the disease include ineffective erythropoiesis,chronic hemolytic anemia,and iron overload.Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic carriers to severe anemia requiring lifelong blood transfusions with subsequent devastating complications.The management of patients with severeβ-thalassemia represents a global health problem,particularly in low-income countries.Until recently,management strategies were limited to regular transfusions and iron chelation therapy,with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation available only for a subset of patients.Better understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms ofβ-thalassemia syndromes and associated clinical phenotypes has paved the way for novel therapeutic options,including pharmacologic enhancers of effective erythropoiesis and gene therapy.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to illustrate behavioural aspects and a collaborative Delphi-based planning approach in the maritime transport chain. Therefore, this paper analyses changes in behavioural routines and g...The objective of this paper is to illustrate behavioural aspects and a collaborative Delphi-based planning approach in the maritime transport chain. Therefore, this paper analyses changes in behavioural routines and governance structures in the maritime transport chain using a case study that depicts mutual projections of expected container transhipment moderated by a neutral third for reducing the uncertainty in planning within the whole maritime transport chain. The actors＇ different views on container transport are collected and directly confronted to an expert panel showing bounded rationality and thus asymmetric information can be circumvented The planning approach shows how actors＇ different internal planning can be improved and evident to the market. The whole maritime transport chain expects the future development in container transport which can be given by using collaborative Delphi-based planning. As a result, an overall picture for planning issues can be constituted, improving both individual planning of the actors and expected market growth.展开更多
BACKGROUND Suprasellar germinomas are rare intracranial tumors frequently associated with permanent endocrine disorders.We present the clinical picture,treatment,and complications of suprasellar germinoma at pediatric...BACKGROUND Suprasellar germinomas are rare intracranial tumors frequently associated with permanent endocrine disorders.We present the clinical picture,treatment,and complications of suprasellar germinoma at pediatric age which,besides being lifethreatening,has lifelong endocrinological consequences.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old female patient was presented having had intensive headaches for three weeks and visual disturbances for six months.An ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral papilledema and a marked loss of vision.Emergency brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed a suprasellar tumor,involving the infundibulum and the optic chiasm,extending to the third ventricle.Laboratory tests confirmed decreased levels of thyroxine,cortisol,gonadotropins,and insulin-like growth factor 1.Maximal tumor reduction was performed,and immunohistopathology established the diagnosis of suprasellar germinoma.MRI of the spine and cerebrospinal fluid cytology confirmed the localized disease.Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed according to the SIOP CNS GCT II protocol.A post-treatment MRI showed no residual tumor,but pituitary function had not recovered.Three and a half years after the end of the treatment,the patient is in a complete remission,requiring hormonal replacement therapy,continuous education,and psychological support.CONCLUSION This complex case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis,a multidisciplinary approach,and close follow-up in children with suprasellar germinomas.展开更多
Objective:To help selecting appropriate meridians and acupoints in clinical practice and experimental study for Parkinson’s disease(PD),the rules of meridians and acupoints selection of acupuncture and moxibustion we...Objective:To help selecting appropriate meridians and acupoints in clinical practice and experimental study for Parkinson’s disease(PD),the rules of meridians and acupoints selection of acupuncture and moxibustion were analyzed in domestic and foreign clinical treatment for PD based on data mining techniques.Methods:Literature about PD treated by acupuncture and moxibustion in China and abroad was searched and selected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure and MEDLINE.Then the data from all eligible articles were extracted to establish the database of acupuncture-moxibustion for PD.The association rules of data mining techniques were used to analyze the rules of meridians and acupoints selection.Results:Totally,168 eligible articles were included and 184 acupoints were applied.The total frequency of acupoints application was 1,090 times.Those acupoints were mainly distributed in head and neck and extremities.Among all,Taichong(LR 3),Baihui(DU 20),Fengchi(GB 20),Hegu(LI 4)and Chorea-tremor Controlled Zone were the top five acupoints that had been used.Superior-inferior acupoints matching was utilized the most.As to involved meridians,Du Meridian,Dan(Gallbladder)Meridian,Dachang(Large Intestine)Meridian,and Gan(Liver)Meridian were the most popular meridians.Conclusions:The application of meridians and acupoints for PD treatment lay emphasis on the acupoints on the head,attach importance to extinguishing Gan wind,tonifying qi and blood,and nourishing sinews,and make good use of superior-inferior acupoints matching.展开更多
In this study,the advanced topologies of a DC-DC converter for applications involving the harvesting of solar energy are discussed.This work’s primary contribution is a guide for choosing the most effective topology ...In this study,the advanced topologies of a DC-DC converter for applications involving the harvesting of solar energy are discussed.This work’s primary contribution is a guide for choosing the most effective topology for a DC-DC converter when developing solar energy collection systems.Several topologies of a DC-DC converter for solar energy harvesting applications are compared in terms of the range of power levels they can oversee,the complexity of the underlying hardware,the cost of implementation,the tracking efficiency and the overall efficiency of the converter.This article explains five innovative approaches for adapting boost converters to function as standard DC-DC converters to capture solar energy,consisting of(i)voltage-multiplier cell,(2)coupled inductor,(3)coupled inductor and switch capacitor,(4)cascaded topology and(5)voltage-lift technique.Because of the boost converter’s restrictions,it is necessary to deliver high performance.The comparison findings demonstrate that the voltage-lift-based boost-converter topology performs more effectively than the alternatives.In conclusion,the information presented in this paper can be utilized when developing solar energy collection systems to determine the sort of direct current to direct current converter that will be most effective.展开更多
The major challenges of the high-gain DC-DC boost converters are high-voltage stress on the switch,extreme duty ratio operation,diode reverse-recovery and converter efficiency problems.There are many topologies of hig...The major challenges of the high-gain DC-DC boost converters are high-voltage stress on the switch,extreme duty ratio operation,diode reverse-recovery and converter efficiency problems.There are many topologies of high-gain converters that have been widely developed to overcome those problems,especially for solar photovoltaic(PV)power-system applications.In this paper,20 high-gain and low-power DC-DC converter topologies are selected from many topologies of available literature.Then,seven prospective topologies with conversion ratios of>15 are thoroughly reviewed and compared.The selected topologies are:(i)voltage-multiplier cell,(ii)voltage doubler,(iii)coupled inductor,(iv)converter with a coupled inductor and switch capacitor,(v)converter with a switched inductor and switched capacitor,(vi)cascading techniques and(vii)voltage-lift techniques.Each topology has its advantages and disadvantages.A comparison of the seven topologies is provided in terms of the number of components,hardware complexity,maximum converter efficiency and voltage stress on the switch.These are presented in detail.So,in the future,it will be easier for researchers and policymakers to choose the right converter topologies and build them into solar PV systems based on their needs.展开更多
文摘Hodgkin lymphoma(HL)is a heterogenous lymphoproliferative disorder of B-cell origin and represents one of the most common malignancies in children and young adults.In addition to well-known underlying factors-such as Epstein-Barr virus infection-the familial aggregation demonstrated in large population studies suggested a genetic predisposition.First-degree relatives of patients with HL have an approximately threefold increased risk of developing the disease compared to the general population.These observations have recently prompted several whole-genome studies in affected families,identifying variants possibly implicated in lymphomagenesis,including alterations in DICER1(a member of the ribonuclease III family),POT1(protection of telomeres 1),KDR(kinase insert domain receptor),KLHDC8B(kelch domain-containing protein 8B),PAX5(paired box protein 5),GATA3(GATA binding protein 3),IRF7(interferon regulatory factor 7),EEF2KMT(eukaryotic elongation factor 2 lysine methyltransferase),and POLR1E(RNA polymerase I subunit E).In this article,we review current insights into the etiopathogenesis and risks of familial HL,and present case reports involving two sisters diagnosed with HL nearly 17 years apart.Recognizing the risk for first-degree relatives may potentially increase awareness of early symptoms among family members of HL patients,leading to earlier diagnosis and better outcomes.Conversely,understanding that the hereditary risk,though higher than in the general population,remains relatively low may provide reassurance for affected families.
文摘Accurate Global Horizontal Irradiance(GHI)forecasting has become vital for successfully integrating solar energy into the electrical grid because of the expanding demand for green power and the worldwide shift favouring green energy resources.Particularly considering the implications of the aggressive GHG emission targets,accurate GHI forecasting has become vital for developing,designing,and operational managing solar energy systems.This research presented the core concepts of modelling and performance analysis of the application of various forecasting models such as ARIMA(Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average),Elaman NN(Elman Neural Network),RBFN(Radial Basis Function Neural Network),SVM(Support Vector Machine),LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory),Persistent,BPN(Back Propagation Neural Network),MLP(Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network),RF(Random Forest),and XGBoost(eXtreme Gradient Boosting)for assessing multi-seasonal forecasting of GHI.Used the India region data to evaluate the models’performance and forecasting ability.Research using forecasting models for seasonal Global Horizontal Irradiance(GHI)forecasting in winter,spring,summer,monsoon,and autumn.Substantiated performance effectiveness through evaluation metrics,such as Mean Absolute Error(MAE),Root Mean Squared Error(RMSE),and R-squared(R^(2)),coded using Python programming.The performance experimentation analysis inferred that the most accurate forecasts in all the seasons compared to the other forecasting models the Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting,are the superior and competing models that yield Winter season-based forecasting XGBoost is the best forecasting model with MAE:1.6325,RMSE:4.8338,and R^(2):0.9998.Spring season-based forecasting XGBoost is the best forecasting model with MAE:2.599599,RMSE:5.58539,and R^(2):0.999784.Summer season-based forecasting RF is the best forecasting model with MAE:1.03843,RMSE:2.116325,and R^(2):0.999967.Monsoon season-based forecasting RF is the best forecasting model with MAE:0.892385,RMSE:2.417587,and R^(2):0.999942.Autumn season-based forecasting RF is the best forecasting model with MAE:0.810462,RMSE:1.928215,and R^(2):0.999958.Based on seasonal variations and computing constraints,the findings enable energy system operators to make helpful recommendations for choosing the most effective forecasting models.
文摘Natural gas consumption forecasting is crucial for transmission system operators,distribution system operators,traders,and other players in the market.This work collects natural gas forecasting scientific works in accordance with the forecasting tool used by Energinet,the Danish transmission system operator.The work provides an analytical description on the long-term stability and security of the natural gas transmission system in Denmark.This work offers a detailed scientific directory on natural gas forecasting,presenting the so far vaguely described market in a more structured manner.The paper was focused on presenting the latest findings on identifying the selection each time of the appropriate prognostic model for each application based on:①the option for supporting double seasonality,②various exogenous variables,③suitability for day-ahead forecasting,and④ease of use and all these versus Energinet’s current model.
文摘High electron mobility transistor(HEMT)based on gallium nitride(GaN)is one of the most promising candidates for the future generation of high frequencies and high-power electronic applications.This research work aims at designing and characterization of enhancement-mode or normally-off GaN HEMT.The impact of variations in gate length,mole concentration,barrier variations and other important design parameters on the performance of normally-off GaN HEMT is thoroughly investigated.An increase in the gate length causes a decrease in the drain current and transconductance,while an increase in drain current and transconductance can be achieved by increasing the concentration of aluminium(Al).For Al mole fractions of 23%,25%,and 27%,within Al gallium nitride(AlGaN)barrier,the GaN HEMT devices provide a maximum drain current of 347,408 and 474 mA/μm and a transconductance of 19,20.2,21.5 mS/μm,respectively.Whereas,for Al mole fraction of 10%and 15%,within AlGaN buffer,these devices are observed to provide a drain current of 329 and 283 mA/μm,respectively.Furthermore,for a gate length of 2.4,3.4,and 4.4μm,the device is observed to exhibit a maximum drain current of 272,235,and 221 mA/μm and the transconductance of 16.2,14,and 12.3 mS/μm,respectively.It is established that a maximum drain current of 997 mA/μm can be achieved with an Al concentration of 23%,and the device exhibits a steady drain current with enhanced transconductance.These observations demonstrate tremendous potential for two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)for securing of the normally-off mode operation.A suitable setting of gate length and other design parameters is critical in preserving the normally-off mode operation while also enhancing the critical performance parameters at the same time.Due to the normallyon depletion-mode nature of GaN HEMT,it is usually not considered as suitable for high power levels,frequencies,and temperature.In such settings,a negative bias is required to enter the blocking condition;however,in the before-mentioned normally-off devices,the negative bias can be avoided and the channel can be depleted without applying a negative bias.
文摘In this paper, we study a new approach for solving linear fractional programming problem (LFP) by converting it into a single Linear Programming (LP) Problem, which can be solved by using any type of linear fractional programming technique. In the objective function of an LFP, if βis negative, the available methods are failed to solve, while our proposed method is capable of solving such problems. In the present paper, we propose a new method and develop FORTRAN programs to solve the problem. The optimal LFP solution procedure is illustrated with numerical examples and also by a computer program. We also compare our method with other available methods for solving LFP problems. Our proposed method of linear fractional programming (LFP) problem is very simple and easy to understand and apply.
文摘Beta thalassemia(β-thalassemia)syndromes are a heterogeneous group of inherited hemoglobinopathies caused by molecular defects in the beta-globin gene that lead to the impaired synthesis of beta-globin chains of the hemoglobin.The hallmarks of the disease include ineffective erythropoiesis,chronic hemolytic anemia,and iron overload.Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic carriers to severe anemia requiring lifelong blood transfusions with subsequent devastating complications.The management of patients with severeβ-thalassemia represents a global health problem,particularly in low-income countries.Until recently,management strategies were limited to regular transfusions and iron chelation therapy,with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation available only for a subset of patients.Better understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms ofβ-thalassemia syndromes and associated clinical phenotypes has paved the way for novel therapeutic options,including pharmacologic enhancers of effective erythropoiesis and gene therapy.
文摘The objective of this paper is to illustrate behavioural aspects and a collaborative Delphi-based planning approach in the maritime transport chain. Therefore, this paper analyses changes in behavioural routines and governance structures in the maritime transport chain using a case study that depicts mutual projections of expected container transhipment moderated by a neutral third for reducing the uncertainty in planning within the whole maritime transport chain. The actors＇ different views on container transport are collected and directly confronted to an expert panel showing bounded rationality and thus asymmetric information can be circumvented The planning approach shows how actors＇ different internal planning can be improved and evident to the market. The whole maritime transport chain expects the future development in container transport which can be given by using collaborative Delphi-based planning. As a result, an overall picture for planning issues can be constituted, improving both individual planning of the actors and expected market growth.
文摘BACKGROUND Suprasellar germinomas are rare intracranial tumors frequently associated with permanent endocrine disorders.We present the clinical picture,treatment,and complications of suprasellar germinoma at pediatric age which,besides being lifethreatening,has lifelong endocrinological consequences.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old female patient was presented having had intensive headaches for three weeks and visual disturbances for six months.An ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral papilledema and a marked loss of vision.Emergency brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed a suprasellar tumor,involving the infundibulum and the optic chiasm,extending to the third ventricle.Laboratory tests confirmed decreased levels of thyroxine,cortisol,gonadotropins,and insulin-like growth factor 1.Maximal tumor reduction was performed,and immunohistopathology established the diagnosis of suprasellar germinoma.MRI of the spine and cerebrospinal fluid cytology confirmed the localized disease.Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed according to the SIOP CNS GCT II protocol.A post-treatment MRI showed no residual tumor,but pituitary function had not recovered.Three and a half years after the end of the treatment,the patient is in a complete remission,requiring hormonal replacement therapy,continuous education,and psychological support.CONCLUSION This complex case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis,a multidisciplinary approach,and close follow-up in children with suprasellar germinomas.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Foundation for PostdoctorGuangzhou Postdoctoral International Training Program Funding Project+2 种基金HUANG Huang Academic Experiences Heritage Workshop(No.E43723)Science and Technology Special Project(No.yk2013b2n16)funded by Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine2013 Famous Veteran Traditional Chinese Medicine Doctors Heritage Workshop Construction Program funded by State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine[No.2013(47)]。
文摘Objective:To help selecting appropriate meridians and acupoints in clinical practice and experimental study for Parkinson’s disease(PD),the rules of meridians and acupoints selection of acupuncture and moxibustion were analyzed in domestic and foreign clinical treatment for PD based on data mining techniques.Methods:Literature about PD treated by acupuncture and moxibustion in China and abroad was searched and selected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure and MEDLINE.Then the data from all eligible articles were extracted to establish the database of acupuncture-moxibustion for PD.The association rules of data mining techniques were used to analyze the rules of meridians and acupoints selection.Results:Totally,168 eligible articles were included and 184 acupoints were applied.The total frequency of acupoints application was 1,090 times.Those acupoints were mainly distributed in head and neck and extremities.Among all,Taichong(LR 3),Baihui(DU 20),Fengchi(GB 20),Hegu(LI 4)and Chorea-tremor Controlled Zone were the top five acupoints that had been used.Superior-inferior acupoints matching was utilized the most.As to involved meridians,Du Meridian,Dan(Gallbladder)Meridian,Dachang(Large Intestine)Meridian,and Gan(Liver)Meridian were the most popular meridians.Conclusions:The application of meridians and acupoints for PD treatment lay emphasis on the acupoints on the head,attach importance to extinguishing Gan wind,tonifying qi and blood,and nourishing sinews,and make good use of superior-inferior acupoints matching.
基金This research was funded by the World Class Professor Program 2022,Decree No.3252/E4/DT.04.03/2022Directorate General of Higher Education,Research and Technology of the Ministry of Education,Culture,Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia,and the Institutional Cooperation Research Grant,Universitas Ahmad Dahlan,under contract no.PKK-237/SP3/LPPM-UAD/VII/2022.
文摘In this study,the advanced topologies of a DC-DC converter for applications involving the harvesting of solar energy are discussed.This work’s primary contribution is a guide for choosing the most effective topology for a DC-DC converter when developing solar energy collection systems.Several topologies of a DC-DC converter for solar energy harvesting applications are compared in terms of the range of power levels they can oversee,the complexity of the underlying hardware,the cost of implementation,the tracking efficiency and the overall efficiency of the converter.This article explains five innovative approaches for adapting boost converters to function as standard DC-DC converters to capture solar energy,consisting of(i)voltage-multiplier cell,(2)coupled inductor,(3)coupled inductor and switch capacitor,(4)cascaded topology and(5)voltage-lift technique.Because of the boost converter’s restrictions,it is necessary to deliver high performance.The comparison findings demonstrate that the voltage-lift-based boost-converter topology performs more effectively than the alternatives.In conclusion,the information presented in this paper can be utilized when developing solar energy collection systems to determine the sort of direct current to direct current converter that will be most effective.
基金This research was funded through a World Class Research(WCR)scheme from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Research,and Technology(formerly Ministry of Research and Technology/National Agency for Research and Innovation)Republic of Indonesia,with the contract number:002/SKP.TT.PD/LPPM/IV/2021 and supported by the Embedded System and Power Electronics Research Group(ESPERG).
文摘The major challenges of the high-gain DC-DC boost converters are high-voltage stress on the switch,extreme duty ratio operation,diode reverse-recovery and converter efficiency problems.There are many topologies of high-gain converters that have been widely developed to overcome those problems,especially for solar photovoltaic(PV)power-system applications.In this paper,20 high-gain and low-power DC-DC converter topologies are selected from many topologies of available literature.Then,seven prospective topologies with conversion ratios of>15 are thoroughly reviewed and compared.The selected topologies are:(i)voltage-multiplier cell,(ii)voltage doubler,(iii)coupled inductor,(iv)converter with a coupled inductor and switch capacitor,(v)converter with a switched inductor and switched capacitor,(vi)cascading techniques and(vii)voltage-lift techniques.Each topology has its advantages and disadvantages.A comparison of the seven topologies is provided in terms of the number of components,hardware complexity,maximum converter efficiency and voltage stress on the switch.These are presented in detail.So,in the future,it will be easier for researchers and policymakers to choose the right converter topologies and build them into solar PV systems based on their needs.
