To better monitor the vertical crustal movements and sea level changes around Greenland,multiple data sources were used in this paper,including global positioning system(GPS),tide gauge,satellite gravimetry,satellite ...To better monitor the vertical crustal movements and sea level changes around Greenland,multiple data sources were used in this paper,including global positioning system(GPS),tide gauge,satellite gravimetry,satellite altimetry,glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA).First,the observations of more than 50 GPS stations from the international GNSS service(IGS)and Greenland network(GNET)in 2007–2018 were processed and the common mode error(CME)was eliminated with using the principal component analysis(PCA).The results show that all GPS stations show an uplift trend and the stations in southern Greenland have a higher vertical speed.Second,by deducting the influence of GIA,the impact of current Gr IS mass changes on GPS stations was analysed,and the GIA-corrected vertical velocity of the GPS is in good agreement with the vertical velocity obtained by gravity recovery and climate experiment(GRACE).Third,the absolute sea level change around Greenland at 4 gauge stations was obtained by combining relative sea level derived from tide gauge observations and crustal uplift rates derived from GPS observations,and was validated by sea level products of satellite altimetry.The results show that although the mass loss of Gr IS can cause considerable global sea level rise,eustatic movements along the coasts of Greenland are quite complex under different mechanisms of sea level changes.展开更多
Biosynthesizing Au nanoparticles(AuNPs)from gold-bearing scraps provides a sustainable method to meet the urgent demand for AuNPs.However,it remains challenging to efficiently biosynthesize AuNPs of which the diameter...Biosynthesizing Au nanoparticles(AuNPs)from gold-bearing scraps provides a sustainable method to meet the urgent demand for AuNPs.However,it remains challenging to efficiently biosynthesize AuNPs of which the diameter is less than 10 nm from a trace amount of Au^(3+)concentration at the level of tens ppm.Here,we constructed an exoelectrogenic cell(eCell)-conductive reduced-graphene-oxide aero-gel(rGA)biohybrid by assembling Shewanella sp.S1(SS1)as living biocatalyst and rGA as conductive ad-sorbent,in which Au^(3+)at trace concentrations would be enriched by the adsorption of rGA and reduced to AuNPs through the extracellular electron transfer(EET)of SS1.To regulate the size of the synthe-sized AuNPs to 10 nm,the strain SS1 was engineered to enhance its EET,resulting in strain RS2(pYYD-P tac-ribADEHC&pHG13-P_(bad)-omcC in SS1).Strain RS2 was further assembled with rGA to construct the RS2-rGA biohybrid,which could synthesize AuNPs with the size of 7.62±2.82 nm from 60 ppm Au^(3+)so-lution.The eCell-rGA biohybrid integrated Au^(3+)adsorption and reduction,which enabled AuNPs biosyn-thesis from a trace amount of Au^(3+).Thus,the required Au^(3+)ions concentration was reduced by one or two orders of magnitude compared with conventional methods of AuNPs biosynthesis.Our work devel-oped an AuNPs size regulation technology via engineering eCell’s EET with synthetic biology methods,providing a feasible approach to synthesize AuNPs with controllable size from trace level of gold ions.展开更多
In order to explore the composition and metabolic characteristics of functional microorganisms in the extreme environment of fermentation process, lactic acid was used as the sole carbon source in this study, and a st...In order to explore the composition and metabolic characteristics of functional microorganisms in the extreme environment of fermentation process, lactic acid was used as the sole carbon source in this study, and a strain of mold named JP8 was screened from fermented grains with soy sauce flavor. The 18S rDNA of JP8 and similar species were used to construct adjacent trees with MEGA 7.0.26. JP8 was the closest to Galactomyces geotrichum LMA-75, and the 18S rDNA sequence similarity of the two strains reached 99.52%. Therefore, JP8 was named G. geotrichum JP8. The highest growth temperature of JP8 is 35℃, the highest tolerance volume concentration to ethanol is 1.5%, and the highest tolerance volume concentration to lactic acid is 3%. JP8 can still grow well in PDA medium with pH 1. JP8 is fermented in a liquid fermentation medium with lactic acid as the sole carbon source to produce flavor substances such as acetic acid and propylene glycol.展开更多
基金The National Key R&D Program of China under contract No.2016YFC1402701the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41941010,41531069 and 41476162
文摘To better monitor the vertical crustal movements and sea level changes around Greenland,multiple data sources were used in this paper,including global positioning system(GPS),tide gauge,satellite gravimetry,satellite altimetry,glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA).First,the observations of more than 50 GPS stations from the international GNSS service(IGS)and Greenland network(GNET)in 2007–2018 were processed and the common mode error(CME)was eliminated with using the principal component analysis(PCA).The results show that all GPS stations show an uplift trend and the stations in southern Greenland have a higher vertical speed.Second,by deducting the influence of GIA,the impact of current Gr IS mass changes on GPS stations was analysed,and the GIA-corrected vertical velocity of the GPS is in good agreement with the vertical velocity obtained by gravity recovery and climate experiment(GRACE).Third,the absolute sea level change around Greenland at 4 gauge stations was obtained by combining relative sea level derived from tide gauge observations and crustal uplift rates derived from GPS observations,and was validated by sea level products of satellite altimetry.The results show that although the mass loss of Gr IS can cause considerable global sea level rise,eustatic movements along the coasts of Greenland are quite complex under different mechanisms of sea level changes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0901300)the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.NSFC 32071411,NSFC 32001034,and NSFC 31701569)+1 种基金the Young Science and Tech-nology Talents Growth Project of Education Department of Guizhou Province(No.KY[2018]445)Key Laboratory of Wuliangye-flavor Liquor Solid-state Fermentation,China National Light Indus-try(No.2021JJ013).
文摘Biosynthesizing Au nanoparticles(AuNPs)from gold-bearing scraps provides a sustainable method to meet the urgent demand for AuNPs.However,it remains challenging to efficiently biosynthesize AuNPs of which the diameter is less than 10 nm from a trace amount of Au^(3+)concentration at the level of tens ppm.Here,we constructed an exoelectrogenic cell(eCell)-conductive reduced-graphene-oxide aero-gel(rGA)biohybrid by assembling Shewanella sp.S1(SS1)as living biocatalyst and rGA as conductive ad-sorbent,in which Au^(3+)at trace concentrations would be enriched by the adsorption of rGA and reduced to AuNPs through the extracellular electron transfer(EET)of SS1.To regulate the size of the synthe-sized AuNPs to 10 nm,the strain SS1 was engineered to enhance its EET,resulting in strain RS2(pYYD-P tac-ribADEHC&pHG13-P_(bad)-omcC in SS1).Strain RS2 was further assembled with rGA to construct the RS2-rGA biohybrid,which could synthesize AuNPs with the size of 7.62±2.82 nm from 60 ppm Au^(3+)so-lution.The eCell-rGA biohybrid integrated Au^(3+)adsorption and reduction,which enabled AuNPs biosyn-thesis from a trace amount of Au^(3+).Thus,the required Au^(3+)ions concentration was reduced by one or two orders of magnitude compared with conventional methods of AuNPs biosynthesis.Our work devel-oped an AuNPs size regulation technology via engineering eCell’s EET with synthetic biology methods,providing a feasible approach to synthesize AuNPs with controllable size from trace level of gold ions.
文摘In order to explore the composition and metabolic characteristics of functional microorganisms in the extreme environment of fermentation process, lactic acid was used as the sole carbon source in this study, and a strain of mold named JP8 was screened from fermented grains with soy sauce flavor. The 18S rDNA of JP8 and similar species were used to construct adjacent trees with MEGA 7.0.26. JP8 was the closest to Galactomyces geotrichum LMA-75, and the 18S rDNA sequence similarity of the two strains reached 99.52%. Therefore, JP8 was named G. geotrichum JP8. The highest growth temperature of JP8 is 35℃, the highest tolerance volume concentration to ethanol is 1.5%, and the highest tolerance volume concentration to lactic acid is 3%. JP8 can still grow well in PDA medium with pH 1. JP8 is fermented in a liquid fermentation medium with lactic acid as the sole carbon source to produce flavor substances such as acetic acid and propylene glycol.
