Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)has garnered tremendous interest as conventional methods include the use and production of toxic chemicals,products,by-products and reagents.In this regard,the synthesis o...Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)has garnered tremendous interest as conventional methods include the use and production of toxic chemicals,products,by-products and reagents.In this regard,the synthesis of AgNPs using green tea(GT)extract and two of its components,(-)-epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and(+)-catechin(Ct)as capping/stabilizing agents,is reported.The synthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,along with anticancer activity against HeLa cells.After administering nanoparticles to the body,they come in contact with proteins and results in the formation of a protein corona;hence we studied the interactions of these biocompatible AgNPs with hen egg white lysozyme(HEWL)as a carrier protein.Static quenching mechanism was accountable for the quenching of HEWL fluorescence by the AgNPs.The binding constant(Kb)was found to be higher for EGCG-AgNPs((2.309±0.018)×104 M-1)than for GT-AgNPs and Ct-AgNPs towards HEWL.EGCG-AgNPs increased the polarity near the binding site while Ct-AgNPs caused the opposite effect,but GT-AgNPs had no such observable effects.Circular dichroism studies indicated that the AgNPs had no such appreciable impact on the secondary structure of HEWL.The key findings of this research included the synthesis of AgNPs using GT extract and its constituent polyphenols,and showed significant antibacterial,anticancer and protein-binding properties.The-OH groups of the polyphenols drive the in situ capping/stabilization of the AgNPs during synthesis,which might offer new opportunities having implications for nanomedicine and nanodiagnostics.展开更多
RNA viruses continue to pose significant threats to global public health,necessitating a profound understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms and the development of effective therapeutic interventions.This manuscript...RNA viruses continue to pose significant threats to global public health,necessitating a profound understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms and the development of effective therapeutic interventions.This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of emerging perspectives on RNA virus-mediated infections,spanning from the intricate intricacies of viral pathogenesis to the forefront of innovative therapeutic strategies.A critical exploration of antiviral drugs sets the stage,highlighting the diverse classes of compounds that target various stages of the viral life cycle,underscoring the ongoing efforts to combat viral infections.Central to this discussion is the exploration of RNA-based therapeutics,with a spotlight on messenger RNA(mRNA)-based approaches that have revolutionized the landscape of antiviral interventions.Furthermore,the manuscript delves into the intricate world of delivery systems,exploring innovative technologies designed to enhance the efficiency and safety of mRNA vaccines.By analyzing the challenges and advancements in delivery mechanisms,this review offers a roadmap for future research and development in this critical area.Beyond conventional infectious diseases,the document explores the expanding applications of mRNA vaccines,including their promising roles in cancer immunotherapy and personalized medicine approaches.This manuscript serves as a valuable resource for researchers,clinicians,and policymakers alike,offering a nuanced perspective on RNA virus pathogenesis and the cutting-edge therapeutic interventions.By synthesizing the latest advancements and challenges,this review contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse in the field,driving the development of novel strategies to combat RNA virus-mediated infections effectively.展开更多
Amidst the tangled web of neurons,antioxidants stand as silent sentinels,shielding the delicate threads from the raging storm of oxidative stress in the realm of neurological affliction.Herein,we showcased an innovati...Amidst the tangled web of neurons,antioxidants stand as silent sentinels,shielding the delicate threads from the raging storm of oxidative stress in the realm of neurological affliction.Herein,we showcased an innovative design strategy to develop a novel powerful antioxidant small molecule(AOX),designed with the synergistic integration of EGCG(epigallocatechin gallate),gallic acid,and coupled with the metal-chelating capabilities of 8-hydroxy quinoline functional moieties that exhibit multifunctional activity in combating oxidative stress via activating the anti-oxidative,anti-apoptotic and antiinflammatory activity,showcasing the potential for a transformative impact in neuroprotection from oxidative insults.Our work addresses oxidative stress in neuronal systems by providing a thorough examination of oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide in PC12 cell line-derived neurons by shedding light on the antioxidative mechanisms orchestrated by our novel small molecule.Particularly our designed molecule(AOX)provides neuroprotection by mitigating mitochondrial impairment and activating the Nrf2/ARE(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element)pathway and it also demonstrates remarkable resilience against neuroinflammation,as evidenced by minimal alterations in neuroinflammatory markers such as GFAP,IBA1,and S100b in a transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion(tBCCAO)ischemic stroke model.展开更多
Correction to:Phytopathol Res https://doi.org/10.1186/s42483-019-0030-x After publication of this article(Phukan et al.2019),it was brought to our attention that two important research papers with regard to the develo...Correction to:Phytopathol Res https://doi.org/10.1186/s42483-019-0030-x After publication of this article(Phukan et al.2019),it was brought to our attention that two important research papers with regard to the development of mCherry tagged Ralstonia solanacearum strains were missed out to be cited in the online paper.展开更多
Ralstonia solanacearum causes a lethal bacterial wilt disease in numerous plants including important vegetable crops such as eggplant and tomato.One of the difficulties in studying virulence of this bacterium in diffe...Ralstonia solanacearum causes a lethal bacterial wilt disease in numerous plants including important vegetable crops such as eggplant and tomato.One of the difficulties in studying virulence of this bacterium in different host plants is the development of an easy and stable pathogenicity assay.Recently we described a leaf-clip inoculation method to study its pathogenicity at the cotyledon stage of tomato seedlings.Hereafter,we demonstrated the leafclip inoculation method to be equally efficient for studying R.solanacearum pathogenicity in the cotyledon stage of eggplant seedlings.Our study revealed eggplant seedlings to be highly susceptible to R.solanacearum as compared to tomato seedlings,illustrated by appearance of disease symptoms in significantly higher number of seedlings.We also tested the virulence of several global transcription regulator mutants of R.solanacearum including hrpB,hrpG and phcA in eggplant seedlings.The phcA mutant was found to be only moderately virulence deficient in eggplant seedlings but was significantly reduced in virulence in tomato.This is indicative of some host specific responses towards certain pathogenicity functions of R.solanacearum,which are markedly different in tomato and eggplant seedlings.Apart from being economical in requiring less labor,time and space,this simple gnotobiotic leaf-clip inoculation method is anticipated to be helpful in further exploring the interaction between R.solanacearum and eggplant seedlings at the cotyledon stage.展开更多
基金the Science and Engineering Research Board(ECR File No.ECR/2016/000159 and CRG File No.CRG/2019/000852),Government of India,for funding this work。
文摘Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)has garnered tremendous interest as conventional methods include the use and production of toxic chemicals,products,by-products and reagents.In this regard,the synthesis of AgNPs using green tea(GT)extract and two of its components,(-)-epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and(+)-catechin(Ct)as capping/stabilizing agents,is reported.The synthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,along with anticancer activity against HeLa cells.After administering nanoparticles to the body,they come in contact with proteins and results in the formation of a protein corona;hence we studied the interactions of these biocompatible AgNPs with hen egg white lysozyme(HEWL)as a carrier protein.Static quenching mechanism was accountable for the quenching of HEWL fluorescence by the AgNPs.The binding constant(Kb)was found to be higher for EGCG-AgNPs((2.309±0.018)×104 M-1)than for GT-AgNPs and Ct-AgNPs towards HEWL.EGCG-AgNPs increased the polarity near the binding site while Ct-AgNPs caused the opposite effect,but GT-AgNPs had no such observable effects.Circular dichroism studies indicated that the AgNPs had no such appreciable impact on the secondary structure of HEWL.The key findings of this research included the synthesis of AgNPs using GT extract and its constituent polyphenols,and showed significant antibacterial,anticancer and protein-binding properties.The-OH groups of the polyphenols drive the in situ capping/stabilization of the AgNPs during synthesis,which might offer new opportunities having implications for nanomedicine and nanodiagnostics.
文摘RNA viruses continue to pose significant threats to global public health,necessitating a profound understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms and the development of effective therapeutic interventions.This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of emerging perspectives on RNA virus-mediated infections,spanning from the intricate intricacies of viral pathogenesis to the forefront of innovative therapeutic strategies.A critical exploration of antiviral drugs sets the stage,highlighting the diverse classes of compounds that target various stages of the viral life cycle,underscoring the ongoing efforts to combat viral infections.Central to this discussion is the exploration of RNA-based therapeutics,with a spotlight on messenger RNA(mRNA)-based approaches that have revolutionized the landscape of antiviral interventions.Furthermore,the manuscript delves into the intricate world of delivery systems,exploring innovative technologies designed to enhance the efficiency and safety of mRNA vaccines.By analyzing the challenges and advancements in delivery mechanisms,this review offers a roadmap for future research and development in this critical area.Beyond conventional infectious diseases,the document explores the expanding applications of mRNA vaccines,including their promising roles in cancer immunotherapy and personalized medicine approaches.This manuscript serves as a valuable resource for researchers,clinicians,and policymakers alike,offering a nuanced perspective on RNA virus pathogenesis and the cutting-edge therapeutic interventions.By synthesizing the latest advancements and challenges,this review contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse in the field,driving the development of novel strategies to combat RNA virus-mediated infections effectively.
文摘Amidst the tangled web of neurons,antioxidants stand as silent sentinels,shielding the delicate threads from the raging storm of oxidative stress in the realm of neurological affliction.Herein,we showcased an innovative design strategy to develop a novel powerful antioxidant small molecule(AOX),designed with the synergistic integration of EGCG(epigallocatechin gallate),gallic acid,and coupled with the metal-chelating capabilities of 8-hydroxy quinoline functional moieties that exhibit multifunctional activity in combating oxidative stress via activating the anti-oxidative,anti-apoptotic and antiinflammatory activity,showcasing the potential for a transformative impact in neuroprotection from oxidative insults.Our work addresses oxidative stress in neuronal systems by providing a thorough examination of oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide in PC12 cell line-derived neurons by shedding light on the antioxidative mechanisms orchestrated by our novel small molecule.Particularly our designed molecule(AOX)provides neuroprotection by mitigating mitochondrial impairment and activating the Nrf2/ARE(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element)pathway and it also demonstrates remarkable resilience against neuroinflammation,as evidenced by minimal alterations in neuroinflammatory markers such as GFAP,IBA1,and S100b in a transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion(tBCCAO)ischemic stroke model.
文摘Correction to:Phytopathol Res https://doi.org/10.1186/s42483-019-0030-x After publication of this article(Phukan et al.2019),it was brought to our attention that two important research papers with regard to the development of mCherry tagged Ralstonia solanacearum strains were missed out to be cited in the online paper.
文摘Ralstonia solanacearum causes a lethal bacterial wilt disease in numerous plants including important vegetable crops such as eggplant and tomato.One of the difficulties in studying virulence of this bacterium in different host plants is the development of an easy and stable pathogenicity assay.Recently we described a leaf-clip inoculation method to study its pathogenicity at the cotyledon stage of tomato seedlings.Hereafter,we demonstrated the leafclip inoculation method to be equally efficient for studying R.solanacearum pathogenicity in the cotyledon stage of eggplant seedlings.Our study revealed eggplant seedlings to be highly susceptible to R.solanacearum as compared to tomato seedlings,illustrated by appearance of disease symptoms in significantly higher number of seedlings.We also tested the virulence of several global transcription regulator mutants of R.solanacearum including hrpB,hrpG and phcA in eggplant seedlings.The phcA mutant was found to be only moderately virulence deficient in eggplant seedlings but was significantly reduced in virulence in tomato.This is indicative of some host specific responses towards certain pathogenicity functions of R.solanacearum,which are markedly different in tomato and eggplant seedlings.Apart from being economical in requiring less labor,time and space,this simple gnotobiotic leaf-clip inoculation method is anticipated to be helpful in further exploring the interaction between R.solanacearum and eggplant seedlings at the cotyledon stage.
