Using series iteration techniques identities and apply each of these identities in we derive a number of general double series order to deduce several hypergeometric reduction formulas involving the Srivastava-Daoust ...Using series iteration techniques identities and apply each of these identities in we derive a number of general double series order to deduce several hypergeometric reduction formulas involving the Srivastava-Daoust double hypergeometric function. The results presented in this article are based essentially upon the hypergeometric summation theorems of Kummer and Dixon.展开更多
Pure(pristine)anatase and mono–doped and co–doped derivatives of TiO_(2)having nitrogen(N)and cobalt(Co)as dopants with respective fixed doping concentrations of 0.7 mol.%and 1.0 mol.%were synthesized using auto–co...Pure(pristine)anatase and mono–doped and co–doped derivatives of TiO_(2)having nitrogen(N)and cobalt(Co)as dopants with respective fixed doping concentrations of 0.7 mol.%and 1.0 mol.%were synthesized using auto–combustion sol–gel technique.The doping effects at corresponding non–metal and transition metal sites of TiO_(2)on the basis of the structural,optical and electrical properties have been investigated.X–ray diffraction(XRD)measurement confirms the formation of pure anatase phase of TiO_(2)for all samples having I41/amd space group of tetragonal structure which has been also verified by the Raman spectroscopy measurement.Various crystallographic parameters have been calculated by performing Rietveld refinement of XRD data including average crystallite size that has been observed in the range of10–15 nm.Pure anatase phase indicates the incorporation of Co^(2+)into TiO_(2)lattice which assists the substitution of N in place of oxygen in co–doped TiO_(2).The band gap tuning towards the visible region from3.2 to 2.1 e V has been achieved with mono–doping and co–doping of the N and Co in TiO_(2)lattice.This can be described in terms of the formation of localized levels of N–2p and Co–3d states in mono–doping and an isolated intermediate band formation in co–doping case.Electrical properties have been investigated in details and explained as the synergetic effects of structural and inherent ionic characters of various dopants.The observed band gaps of all doped samples lie within the visible region which makes them pertinent as the solar energy harnessing materials for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.展开更多
In this paper some novel integrals associated with the product of classical Hermite＇s polynomials ∫-∞＋∞（x2）mexp（-x2）{Hr（x）}2dx,∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k（x）H2s＋1（x）dx,∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k（x）H2s（x）dx and ∫0...In this paper some novel integrals associated with the product of classical Hermite＇s polynomials ∫-∞＋∞（x2）mexp（-x2）{Hr（x）}2dx,∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k（x）H2s＋1（x）dx,∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k（x）H2s（x）dx and ∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k＋1（x）H2s＋1（x）dx, are evaluated using hypergeometric approach and Laplace transform method, which is a different approach from the approaches given by the other authors in the field of spe- cial functions. Also the results may be of significant nature, and may yield numerous other interesting integrals involving the product of classical Hermite＇s polynomials by suitable simplifications of arbitrary parameters.展开更多
Several recent works indicated the association of climatic factors and air pollution with the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19, total daily confirmed deaths and new cases). Nonetheless, the impact of clima...Several recent works indicated the association of climatic factors and air pollution with the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19, total daily confirmed deaths and new cases). Nonetheless, the impact of climatic and environmental conditions concerning virus spread and demise, yet not been solved. Present research work focuses on the spread of COVID-19 over five distinct states/territories of India;those have pretty different climatic conditions and the air quality index. The Kendall rank correlation and Spearman rank correlation tests at 95% significance were used from 3 Jan-15 May 15, 2021 (132 days), including April 2021, a month of sharp rise COVID-19 second wave. For all the regions, a significant positive correlation of temperature (>0.6) and a significant negative correlation of humidity (<-0.5) is found with COVID-19 except for Kerala (insignificant and weak relationship). However, in the case of wind speed, a lower correlation is found everywhere except over Andhra Pradesh (>0.5). For all the states, a significant and consistent inverse relationship (<-0.3) is found between COVID-19 and the daily Air Quality Index (AQI) from 1 Mar to 13 May 2021 (74 days). Thus, increase in temperature and winds, decrease in relative humidity were the climatic reasons, those chipped in COVID-19 cases surge and consequential enhancement of Air quality. These results are quite promising to comprehend the mutual tie-up between climate and COVID-19.展开更多
In this paper,we develop a quantum communication protocol for the simultaneous preparation of a two-qubit and a three-qubit state at the positions of two different parties situated spatially apart.For one party,Alice,...In this paper,we develop a quantum communication protocol for the simultaneous preparation of a two-qubit and a three-qubit state at the positions of two different parties situated spatially apart.For one party,Alice,it is a remote state preparation of a known two-qubit state while for the other party,Bob,it is a joint remote state preparation with the help of a third party,Eve.The protocol is executed in a hybrid form bi-directionally in the presence of two controllers,Charlie and David.There is a hierarchy in the process through different levels of control under which the actions by Alice and Bob are performed.There is a need for a ten-qubit entangled channel connecting the five parties.The generation of this channel through a circuit is discussed.The protocol is executed on the IBM Quantum platform.We also study the effect of noise on our protocol.Here,amplitude-damping,bit-flip and phase-flip noisy environments are considered and the corresponding variations of fidelity are theoretically and numerically analyzed.展开更多
We report an economical approach for the fabrication of laser-produced graphene(LPG)electrodes,which results in an improved electrochemical performance.Polyimide polymer was used as the starting material for LPG synth...We report an economical approach for the fabrication of laser-produced graphene(LPG)electrodes,which results in an improved electrochemical performance.Polyimide polymer was used as the starting material for LPG synthesis and was irradiated under ambient conditions with a CO_(2) laser.The prepared LPG samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and FTIR,which validated the formation of multilayer graphene containing sp2 hybridized C=C bonds.FE-SEM revealed three-dimensional(3D)sheet-like structures,while HR-TEM images showed lattice planes with an interplanar spacing of approximately 0.33 nm,corres-ponding to the(002)plane of graphene.Their electrochemical performance showed a remarkable areal specific capacitance(CA)of 51 mF cm^(−2)(170 F g^(-1))at 1 mA cm^(−2)(3.3 A g^(-1))in a three-electrode configuration with 1 mol L^(−1) KOH as the aqueous electrolyte.The LPG electrodes produced an energy density of~3.5μWh cm^(−2) and a power density of~350μW cm^(−2),demonstrating signific-ant energy storage ability.They also had an excellent cycling stability,retaining 87%of their specific capacitance after 3000 cycles at 1 mA/cm^(2).A symmetric supercapacitor fabricated with LPG electrodes and the 1 mol L^(−1) KOH electrolyte had a specific capacit-ance of 23 mF cm^(−2) and showed excellent retention after 10000 cycles,showing LPG’s potential for use in supercapacitors.展开更多
The ill effects of green revolution include residues of extensively used chemical pesticides in various environmental components. The present study was designed to analyze the levels of organochlorine pesticide residu...The ill effects of green revolution include residues of extensively used chemical pesticides in various environmental components. The present study was designed to analyze the levels of organochlorine pesticide residues along with chemical composition in buffalo milk samples collected from different localities of Delhi. Milk monitoring can yield information about the kinds and quantities of pesticides in the environment as well as in our daily diet. In this study, the residue of three different organochlorine pesticides, namely Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Endosulfan have been reported. Residues of Lindane exceeded the Maximum Residual Limit values in 50% of the samples is a cause of serious concern. The p,p’-DDT was detected in 70% of the samples with p,p’-DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) in 80% of the milk samples of different parts of Delhi state. DDD (Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane) another metabolite of p,p’-DDT was detected in 65% of the milk samples. The analysis indicates that DDT is the major contaminants in different parts of Delhi state. α and β endosulfan were detected in 35% and 40% of the samples analyzed. The statistical correlation shows no significant correlation between chemical compositions of the samples. The presence of multiple chemicals in virtually all samples of buffalo milk raises new questions about the possible toxicological impacts of chemical mixtures on an infant’s developing nervous and immune systems and reproductive organs.展开更多
Innovations for electric vehicles have advanced quickly in latest decades. Large-scale business use of these vehicles is still constrained by reliability-related issues. By utilising fault tree (FT) and Monte Carlo si...Innovations for electric vehicles have advanced quickly in latest decades. Large-scale business use of these vehicles is still constrained by reliability-related issues. By utilising fault tree (FT) and Monte Carlo simulation, a mathematical prototype is created that includes the reliability traits of all major electrical parts of the vehicle system, including the battery, motor, drive, controllers. The research demonstrates that by raising the component restoration rates, the vehicle’s survivability can be raised. A thorough discussion of this paradigm is provided, along with a presentation and analysis of the reliability estimations based on an electric vehicle. This research on the reliability design and maintenance of an electric vehicle can be supported by the ideas that are outlined in the paper. Additionally, the findings of this study may be helpful to those who build electric vehicle, especially when upgrading the components efficiency and planning for reliability increase.展开更多
In the present article,we introduce a completely new regular model for static,spherically symmetric celestial fluid spheres in embedding classⅠspacetime.In this regard,needfully,we propose a new suitable metric poten...In the present article,we introduce a completely new regular model for static,spherically symmetric celestial fluid spheres in embedding classⅠspacetime.In this regard,needfully,we propose a new suitable metric potential e^(λ(r))to generate the present model.The various analyses on energy density,pressure,anisotropic factor,mass,compactness parameter,redshift,and energy condition make sure the model is physically viable on the ground of model stars Vela X-1,Cen X-3,SMC X-4,and LMC X-4.The reported solutions also respect the equilibrium state by satisfying the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff(TOV)equation and ensure stability by satisfying the causality condition,condition on the adiabatic index,and Harrison-Zeldovich-Novikov condition.The generated M-R graph matches the ranges of masses and radii for the model compact stars.Additionally,this study provides estimates of the moment of inertia based on the I-M graph.展开更多
Home gardens serve as a crucial adaptation strategy for tribal communities in Keonjhar district,Odisha,enhancing food security,income generation,and climate resilience.This study examines the role of home gardens in s...Home gardens serve as a crucial adaptation strategy for tribal communities in Keonjhar district,Odisha,enhancing food security,income generation,and climate resilience.This study examines the role of home gardens in sustaining tribal livelihoods while addressing challenges such as climate variability,soil degradation,and market constraints.Adopting a mixed-methods approach,it integrates the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework(SLF)and socio-ecological resilience theory.Data from 120 tribal households across four villages in Banspal block were collected through structured interviews and focus group discussions.A key innovation lies in integrating indigenous knowledge systems with the Problem Facing Index(PFI)methodology to generate quantified,community-driven insights on climate adaptation barriers.Findings reveal that home gardens contribute around ₹10,000 per season to household income,reducing market dependency by over 70% during crises such as the COVID-19 lockdown.Over 75% of households face high to medium challenges due to climate variability(PFI=252),soil degradation(PFI=251),and wildlife intrusions(PFI=250).Other notable constraints include pests(75%)and poor market access(61.7%).Although 82.5% reported no issue with agricultural inputs,water scarcity remains a seasonal concern for 23%.Despite constraints,home gardens were found to enhance all five SLF capitals:natural,human,social,financial,and physical.The study recommends contextsensitive interventions,including seed distribution,organic inputs,weather-based advisories,and strengthened institutional support.It highlights the potential for scaling home garden models across other marginalized agroecological regions in India and Asia,aligning them with national rural development and climate adaptation programs.展开更多
This article deals with the problem of event-triggered control of complex dynamical networks(CDNs)subject to stochastic cyber-attacks and random coupling delays.Hackers may abuse the system by injecting malicious acti...This article deals with the problem of event-triggered control of complex dynamical networks(CDNs)subject to stochastic cyber-attacks and random coupling delays.Hackers may abuse the system by injecting malicious activity into communication networks.Two types of non-linear functions for cyber-attacks,time-varying coupling delays,respectively,and a set of random vari-ables satisfying the Bernoulli distribution are proposed.Against complex dynamical networks,an attacker has the capacity to change the transmitted data.So the traditional control method can be a major challenge,and it is essential to respond to cyber-attacks of this kind.An event-triggered mechanism(ETM)was implemented to avoid losing limited bandwidth.The input delay method is then used to build a time-varying sample under stochastic cyber-attacks.The stabil-ity criterion of the developed system model and the display expression of control parameters are then established using a new two-sided delay-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional(LKF)and linear matrix inequality(LMI)techniques.Lastly,two numerical examples,including the inverted pendulum application,are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the derived theoretical results.展开更多
The doubly-doped bismuth vanadate with Al and Ti having formula unit, Bi2V1–xAlx/2Tix/2O5.5–δ(0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) was synthesized. The specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffrac...The doubly-doped bismuth vanadate with Al and Ti having formula unit, Bi2V1–xAlx/2Tix/2O5.5–δ(0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) was synthesized. The specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetric(DSC), UV–Vis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) for their structural, thermal, optical, and electrical studies. Influence of both dopant cations(Al and Ti) was observed in the gradual stabilization of the tetragonal phase of Bi2VO5.5–δ with dopant amount. A non-uniform grain growth phenomenon was observed up to x = 0.175, with dopant addition. UV–Vis study revealed the comparatively higher order of oxide ion vacancies for the composition x = 0.175. Impedance spectroscopy measurements indicate a significant decrease of both the grain(Rg) and grain boundary resistances(Rgb) with the rise in temperature and the overall resistance is found to be dominated by the grain interior contribution. Enhancement of ionic conductivity was found in all the compositions in the intermediate temperature range as compared to the parent compound, and the single Al-doped system and the highest value were obtained for x = 0.175.展开更多
This article elucidates the impact of activation energy on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)stagnation point nanofluid flow over a slippery surface in a porous regime with thermophoretic and Brownian diffusions.Negative activa...This article elucidates the impact of activation energy on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)stagnation point nanofluid flow over a slippery surface in a porous regime with thermophoretic and Brownian diffusions.Negative activation energy is scarce in practice,but the impact of negative activation energy could not be neglected as it is noticed in chemical processes.The rate of some Arrhenius-compliant reactions is retarded by increasing the temperature and is therefore associated with negative activation energies,such as exothermic binding of urea or water.In some processes,the temperature dependence of the pressure-induced unfolding and the urea-induced unfolding of proteins at ambient pressure give negative activation energies.The present mathematical model is solved with successive linearization method(a spectral technique).A comparison of results is made for negative and positive values of activation energy.Apart from it,the quadratic multiple regression model is discussed briefly and explained with bar diagrams.It is observed that with rise in unsteadiness parameter from 0 to 1(taking positive activation energy),skin friction and Sherwood number are increased by 9.36%and 19%respectively,and Nusselt number is decreased by 26%.However,for negative activation energy,9.36%and 112%enhancement is observed in skin friction and Sherwood number,respectively.展开更多
In this paper we present a wave active filter based on Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifiers (VDTAs). The synthesis of active filters basically based on processing of wave quantities. The wave method is pre...In this paper we present a wave active filter based on Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifiers (VDTAs). The synthesis of active filters basically based on processing of wave quantities. The wave method is presented for basic building blocks of active filters i.e. a series inductor and parallel capacitor through which realization of various active circuits is made by appropriate connections. The proposed wave active filter is verified by realizing a 4th order low pass Butterworth filter using SPICE simulation with 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology parameters.展开更多
The main aim of this paper is to derive some new summation theorems for terminating and truncated Clausen’s hypergeometric series with unit argument,when one numerator parameter and one denominator parameter are nega...The main aim of this paper is to derive some new summation theorems for terminating and truncated Clausen’s hypergeometric series with unit argument,when one numerator parameter and one denominator parameter are negative integers.Further,using our truncated summation theorems,we obtain the Mellin transforms of the product of exponential function and Goursat’s truncated hypergeometric function.展开更多
The Lie-group formalism is applied to investigate the symmetries of the modified Boussinesq system with variable coefficients. We derived the infinitesimals and the admissible forms of the coefficients that admit the ...The Lie-group formalism is applied to investigate the symmetries of the modified Boussinesq system with variable coefficients. We derived the infinitesimals and the admissible forms of the coefficients that admit the classical symmetry group. The reduced systems of ordinary differential equations deduced from the optimal system of subalgebras are further studied and some exact solutions are obtained.展开更多
In this paper,an efficient hybrid numerical scheme which is based on a joint venture of the q-homotopy analysis method and Sumudu transform is applied to investigate the time-fractional modified Degasperis-Procesi(DP)...In this paper,an efficient hybrid numerical scheme which is based on a joint venture of the q-homotopy analysis method and Sumudu transform is applied to investigate the time-fractional modified Degasperis-Procesi(DP)equation.The present study considers the Caputo fractional derivative.The fractional order modified DP model is very important and plays a great role in study of ocean engineering and science.The proposed scheme provides a beautiful opportunity for proper selection of the auxiliary parameter h and the asymptotic parameterρ(≥1)to handle mainly the differential equations of nonlinear nature.The offered scheme produces the solution in the shape of a convergent series in a large admissible domain which is helpful to regulate the region of convergence of a series solution.The proposed work computes the approximate analytical solution of the fractional modified DP equation systematically and also presents graphically the variation of the obtained solution for diverse values of the fractional parameterβ.展开更多
Purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs t...Purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs technologies are continuously evolving with accelerated research and material engineering in the last decade.Significant scientific and technological advancements have led to development of high-performance radiation detectors with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),better sensitivity,faster response and higher-resolution with capability of desired room-temperature operation.This paper is a review on emerging semiconductor radiation detector materials with a deeper insight into the prospective role of Bismuth tri-iodide(BiI_(3))for room-temperature radiation detectors.Methods An introduction of the state of art of most developed semiconductor materials,i.e.,cadmium telluride(CdTe),mercury iodide(HgI_(2)),lead iodide(PbI_(2)),etc.,and a critical examination of properties,shortcomings and challenges related to their synthesis have been elaborated.Polymer-semiconductor composites with desirable properties and their integration into detector devices is also presented.Subsequent sections discuss the role of BiI_(3) as an emerging radiation detector material for room-temperature operation with an in-depth discussion on the role of defects in charge transportation and electrode configuration.Furthermore,the current challenges along with the future prospects of these materials for radiation detection to promote continuous innovation and practical applications are also elaborated.Conclusion The comprehensive review on latest developments in room-temperature radiation detector materials is expected to help establish a technological roadmap for the synthesis,fabrication and commercialization of novel materials for development of efficient radiation detectors.展开更多
This paper deals with the study of transient waves in a homogeneous isotropic,solid halfspace with a permeating substance in the context of the theory of generalized elasto-thermodiffusion.The halfspace is assumed to ...This paper deals with the study of transient waves in a homogeneous isotropic,solid halfspace with a permeating substance in the context of the theory of generalized elasto-thermodiffusion.The halfspace is assumed to be disturbed due to mechanical loads acting on its boundary.The model comprising of basic governing differential equations and boundary conditions has been solved by employing Laplace transform technique.Noting that the second sound effects are short lived,the small time approximations of solution for various physical quantities have been obtained and the results are discussed on the possible wave fronts.In case of continuous and periodic loads acting at the boundary,the displacement is found to be continuous at each wave front while it is discontinuous in case of impulsive load.The temperature and concentration fields are found to be discontinuous at all the wave fronts.The displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation due to impulsive,continuous and periodic mechanical loads have also been evaluated in the physical domain at all times by employing numerical inversion technique of integral transform.The computer simulated numerical results have been presented graphically in respect of displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation for brass.A significant effect of mass diffusion has been observed on the behaviour of mechanical and thermal waves.展开更多
This research paper aims at studying the impact of lockdown on the dynamics of novel Corona Virus Disease(COVID-19)emerged in Wuhan city of China in December 2019.Perceiving the pandemic situation throughout the world...This research paper aims at studying the impact of lockdown on the dynamics of novel Corona Virus Disease(COVID-19)emerged in Wuhan city of China in December 2019.Perceiving the pandemic situation throughout the world,Government of India restricted international passenger traffic through land check post(Liang,2020)and imposed complete lockdown in the country on 24 March 2020.To study the impact of lockdown on disease dynamics we consider a three-dimensional mathematical model using nonlinear ordinary differential equations.The proposed model has been studied using stability theory of nonlinear ordinary differential equations.Basic reproduction ratio is computed and significant parameters responsible to keep basic reproduction ratio less than one are identified.The study reveals that disease vanishes from the system only if complete lockdown is imposed otherwise disease will always persist in the population.However,disease can be kept under control by implementing contact tracing and quarantine measures as well along with lockdown if lockdown is imposed partially.展开更多
文摘Using series iteration techniques identities and apply each of these identities in we derive a number of general double series order to deduce several hypergeometric reduction formulas involving the Srivastava-Daoust double hypergeometric function. The results presented in this article are based essentially upon the hypergeometric summation theorems of Kummer and Dixon.
文摘Pure(pristine)anatase and mono–doped and co–doped derivatives of TiO_(2)having nitrogen(N)and cobalt(Co)as dopants with respective fixed doping concentrations of 0.7 mol.%and 1.0 mol.%were synthesized using auto–combustion sol–gel technique.The doping effects at corresponding non–metal and transition metal sites of TiO_(2)on the basis of the structural,optical and electrical properties have been investigated.X–ray diffraction(XRD)measurement confirms the formation of pure anatase phase of TiO_(2)for all samples having I41/amd space group of tetragonal structure which has been also verified by the Raman spectroscopy measurement.Various crystallographic parameters have been calculated by performing Rietveld refinement of XRD data including average crystallite size that has been observed in the range of10–15 nm.Pure anatase phase indicates the incorporation of Co^(2+)into TiO_(2)lattice which assists the substitution of N in place of oxygen in co–doped TiO_(2).The band gap tuning towards the visible region from3.2 to 2.1 e V has been achieved with mono–doping and co–doping of the N and Co in TiO_(2)lattice.This can be described in terms of the formation of localized levels of N–2p and Co–3d states in mono–doping and an isolated intermediate band formation in co–doping case.Electrical properties have been investigated in details and explained as the synergetic effects of structural and inherent ionic characters of various dopants.The observed band gaps of all doped samples lie within the visible region which makes them pertinent as the solar energy harnessing materials for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.
文摘In this paper some novel integrals associated with the product of classical Hermite＇s polynomials ∫-∞＋∞（x2）mexp（-x2）{Hr（x）}2dx,∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k（x）H2s＋1（x）dx,∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k（x）H2s（x）dx and ∫0∞exp（-x2）H2k＋1（x）H2s＋1（x）dx, are evaluated using hypergeometric approach and Laplace transform method, which is a different approach from the approaches given by the other authors in the field of spe- cial functions. Also the results may be of significant nature, and may yield numerous other interesting integrals involving the product of classical Hermite＇s polynomials by suitable simplifications of arbitrary parameters.
文摘Several recent works indicated the association of climatic factors and air pollution with the spread of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19, total daily confirmed deaths and new cases). Nonetheless, the impact of climatic and environmental conditions concerning virus spread and demise, yet not been solved. Present research work focuses on the spread of COVID-19 over five distinct states/territories of India;those have pretty different climatic conditions and the air quality index. The Kendall rank correlation and Spearman rank correlation tests at 95% significance were used from 3 Jan-15 May 15, 2021 (132 days), including April 2021, a month of sharp rise COVID-19 second wave. For all the regions, a significant positive correlation of temperature (>0.6) and a significant negative correlation of humidity (<-0.5) is found with COVID-19 except for Kerala (insignificant and weak relationship). However, in the case of wind speed, a lower correlation is found everywhere except over Andhra Pradesh (>0.5). For all the states, a significant and consistent inverse relationship (<-0.3) is found between COVID-19 and the daily Air Quality Index (AQI) from 1 Mar to 13 May 2021 (74 days). Thus, increase in temperature and winds, decrease in relative humidity were the climatic reasons, those chipped in COVID-19 cases surge and consequential enhancement of Air quality. These results are quite promising to comprehend the mutual tie-up between climate and COVID-19.
基金supported by the the University Grants Commission(UGC),Government of India(NTA Ref.No.:211610140697,dated:19th April 2022)supported by the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology,Shibpur。
文摘In this paper,we develop a quantum communication protocol for the simultaneous preparation of a two-qubit and a three-qubit state at the positions of two different parties situated spatially apart.For one party,Alice,it is a remote state preparation of a known two-qubit state while for the other party,Bob,it is a joint remote state preparation with the help of a third party,Eve.The protocol is executed in a hybrid form bi-directionally in the presence of two controllers,Charlie and David.There is a hierarchy in the process through different levels of control under which the actions by Alice and Bob are performed.There is a need for a ten-qubit entangled channel connecting the five parties.The generation of this channel through a circuit is discussed.The protocol is executed on the IBM Quantum platform.We also study the effect of noise on our protocol.Here,amplitude-damping,bit-flip and phase-flip noisy environments are considered and the corresponding variations of fidelity are theoretically and numerically analyzed.
文摘We report an economical approach for the fabrication of laser-produced graphene(LPG)electrodes,which results in an improved electrochemical performance.Polyimide polymer was used as the starting material for LPG synthesis and was irradiated under ambient conditions with a CO_(2) laser.The prepared LPG samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and FTIR,which validated the formation of multilayer graphene containing sp2 hybridized C=C bonds.FE-SEM revealed three-dimensional(3D)sheet-like structures,while HR-TEM images showed lattice planes with an interplanar spacing of approximately 0.33 nm,corres-ponding to the(002)plane of graphene.Their electrochemical performance showed a remarkable areal specific capacitance(CA)of 51 mF cm^(−2)(170 F g^(-1))at 1 mA cm^(−2)(3.3 A g^(-1))in a three-electrode configuration with 1 mol L^(−1) KOH as the aqueous electrolyte.The LPG electrodes produced an energy density of~3.5μWh cm^(−2) and a power density of~350μW cm^(−2),demonstrating signific-ant energy storage ability.They also had an excellent cycling stability,retaining 87%of their specific capacitance after 3000 cycles at 1 mA/cm^(2).A symmetric supercapacitor fabricated with LPG electrodes and the 1 mol L^(−1) KOH electrolyte had a specific capacit-ance of 23 mF cm^(−2) and showed excellent retention after 10000 cycles,showing LPG’s potential for use in supercapacitors.
文摘The ill effects of green revolution include residues of extensively used chemical pesticides in various environmental components. The present study was designed to analyze the levels of organochlorine pesticide residues along with chemical composition in buffalo milk samples collected from different localities of Delhi. Milk monitoring can yield information about the kinds and quantities of pesticides in the environment as well as in our daily diet. In this study, the residue of three different organochlorine pesticides, namely Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Endosulfan have been reported. Residues of Lindane exceeded the Maximum Residual Limit values in 50% of the samples is a cause of serious concern. The p,p’-DDT was detected in 70% of the samples with p,p’-DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) in 80% of the milk samples of different parts of Delhi state. DDD (Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane) another metabolite of p,p’-DDT was detected in 65% of the milk samples. The analysis indicates that DDT is the major contaminants in different parts of Delhi state. α and β endosulfan were detected in 35% and 40% of the samples analyzed. The statistical correlation shows no significant correlation between chemical compositions of the samples. The presence of multiple chemicals in virtually all samples of buffalo milk raises new questions about the possible toxicological impacts of chemical mixtures on an infant’s developing nervous and immune systems and reproductive organs.
文摘Innovations for electric vehicles have advanced quickly in latest decades. Large-scale business use of these vehicles is still constrained by reliability-related issues. By utilising fault tree (FT) and Monte Carlo simulation, a mathematical prototype is created that includes the reliability traits of all major electrical parts of the vehicle system, including the battery, motor, drive, controllers. The research demonstrates that by raising the component restoration rates, the vehicle’s survivability can be raised. A thorough discussion of this paradigm is provided, along with a presentation and analysis of the reliability estimations based on an electric vehicle. This research on the reliability design and maintenance of an electric vehicle can be supported by the ideas that are outlined in the paper. Additionally, the findings of this study may be helpful to those who build electric vehicle, especially when upgrading the components efficiency and planning for reliability increase.
文摘In the present article,we introduce a completely new regular model for static,spherically symmetric celestial fluid spheres in embedding classⅠspacetime.In this regard,needfully,we propose a new suitable metric potential e^(λ(r))to generate the present model.The various analyses on energy density,pressure,anisotropic factor,mass,compactness parameter,redshift,and energy condition make sure the model is physically viable on the ground of model stars Vela X-1,Cen X-3,SMC X-4,and LMC X-4.The reported solutions also respect the equilibrium state by satisfying the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff(TOV)equation and ensure stability by satisfying the causality condition,condition on the adiabatic index,and Harrison-Zeldovich-Novikov condition.The generated M-R graph matches the ranges of masses and radii for the model compact stars.Additionally,this study provides estimates of the moment of inertia based on the I-M graph.
文摘Home gardens serve as a crucial adaptation strategy for tribal communities in Keonjhar district,Odisha,enhancing food security,income generation,and climate resilience.This study examines the role of home gardens in sustaining tribal livelihoods while addressing challenges such as climate variability,soil degradation,and market constraints.Adopting a mixed-methods approach,it integrates the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework(SLF)and socio-ecological resilience theory.Data from 120 tribal households across four villages in Banspal block were collected through structured interviews and focus group discussions.A key innovation lies in integrating indigenous knowledge systems with the Problem Facing Index(PFI)methodology to generate quantified,community-driven insights on climate adaptation barriers.Findings reveal that home gardens contribute around ₹10,000 per season to household income,reducing market dependency by over 70% during crises such as the COVID-19 lockdown.Over 75% of households face high to medium challenges due to climate variability(PFI=252),soil degradation(PFI=251),and wildlife intrusions(PFI=250).Other notable constraints include pests(75%)and poor market access(61.7%).Although 82.5% reported no issue with agricultural inputs,water scarcity remains a seasonal concern for 23%.Despite constraints,home gardens were found to enhance all five SLF capitals:natural,human,social,financial,and physical.The study recommends contextsensitive interventions,including seed distribution,organic inputs,weather-based advisories,and strengthened institutional support.It highlights the potential for scaling home garden models across other marginalized agroecological regions in India and Asia,aligning them with national rural development and climate adaptation programs.
基金support from the National Research Council of Thailand(Talented Mid-Career Researchers)Grant Number N42A650250.
文摘This article deals with the problem of event-triggered control of complex dynamical networks(CDNs)subject to stochastic cyber-attacks and random coupling delays.Hackers may abuse the system by injecting malicious activity into communication networks.Two types of non-linear functions for cyber-attacks,time-varying coupling delays,respectively,and a set of random vari-ables satisfying the Bernoulli distribution are proposed.Against complex dynamical networks,an attacker has the capacity to change the transmitted data.So the traditional control method can be a major challenge,and it is essential to respond to cyber-attacks of this kind.An event-triggered mechanism(ETM)was implemented to avoid losing limited bandwidth.The input delay method is then used to build a time-varying sample under stochastic cyber-attacks.The stabil-ity criterion of the developed system model and the display expression of control parameters are then established using a new two-sided delay-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional(LKF)and linear matrix inequality(LMI)techniques.Lastly,two numerical examples,including the inverted pendulum application,are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the derived theoretical results.
基金Amarjyoti SAIKIA gratefully acknowledges DST,New Delhi for Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research(INSPIRE)fellowship(No.IF160767).
文摘The doubly-doped bismuth vanadate with Al and Ti having formula unit, Bi2V1–xAlx/2Tix/2O5.5–δ(0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) was synthesized. The specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetric(DSC), UV–Vis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) for their structural, thermal, optical, and electrical studies. Influence of both dopant cations(Al and Ti) was observed in the gradual stabilization of the tetragonal phase of Bi2VO5.5–δ with dopant amount. A non-uniform grain growth phenomenon was observed up to x = 0.175, with dopant addition. UV–Vis study revealed the comparatively higher order of oxide ion vacancies for the composition x = 0.175. Impedance spectroscopy measurements indicate a significant decrease of both the grain(Rg) and grain boundary resistances(Rgb) with the rise in temperature and the overall resistance is found to be dominated by the grain interior contribution. Enhancement of ionic conductivity was found in all the compositions in the intermediate temperature range as compared to the parent compound, and the single Al-doped system and the highest value were obtained for x = 0.175.
基金supported by the DST-FIST(Govt.of India)for the grant SR/FIST/MS-1/2017/13.
文摘This article elucidates the impact of activation energy on magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)stagnation point nanofluid flow over a slippery surface in a porous regime with thermophoretic and Brownian diffusions.Negative activation energy is scarce in practice,but the impact of negative activation energy could not be neglected as it is noticed in chemical processes.The rate of some Arrhenius-compliant reactions is retarded by increasing the temperature and is therefore associated with negative activation energies,such as exothermic binding of urea or water.In some processes,the temperature dependence of the pressure-induced unfolding and the urea-induced unfolding of proteins at ambient pressure give negative activation energies.The present mathematical model is solved with successive linearization method(a spectral technique).A comparison of results is made for negative and positive values of activation energy.Apart from it,the quadratic multiple regression model is discussed briefly and explained with bar diagrams.It is observed that with rise in unsteadiness parameter from 0 to 1(taking positive activation energy),skin friction and Sherwood number are increased by 9.36%and 19%respectively,and Nusselt number is decreased by 26%.However,for negative activation energy,9.36%and 112%enhancement is observed in skin friction and Sherwood number,respectively.
文摘In this paper we present a wave active filter based on Voltage Differencing Transconductance Amplifiers (VDTAs). The synthesis of active filters basically based on processing of wave quantities. The wave method is presented for basic building blocks of active filters i.e. a series inductor and parallel capacitor through which realization of various active circuits is made by appropriate connections. The proposed wave active filter is verified by realizing a 4th order low pass Butterworth filter using SPICE simulation with 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology parameters.
文摘The main aim of this paper is to derive some new summation theorems for terminating and truncated Clausen’s hypergeometric series with unit argument,when one numerator parameter and one denominator parameter are negative integers.Further,using our truncated summation theorems,we obtain the Mellin transforms of the product of exponential function and Goursat’s truncated hypergeometric function.
文摘The Lie-group formalism is applied to investigate the symmetries of the modified Boussinesq system with variable coefficients. We derived the infinitesimals and the admissible forms of the coefficients that admit the classical symmetry group. The reduced systems of ordinary differential equations deduced from the optimal system of subalgebras are further studied and some exact solutions are obtained.
文摘In this paper,an efficient hybrid numerical scheme which is based on a joint venture of the q-homotopy analysis method and Sumudu transform is applied to investigate the time-fractional modified Degasperis-Procesi(DP)equation.The present study considers the Caputo fractional derivative.The fractional order modified DP model is very important and plays a great role in study of ocean engineering and science.The proposed scheme provides a beautiful opportunity for proper selection of the auxiliary parameter h and the asymptotic parameterρ(≥1)to handle mainly the differential equations of nonlinear nature.The offered scheme produces the solution in the shape of a convergent series in a large admissible domain which is helpful to regulate the region of convergence of a series solution.The proposed work computes the approximate analytical solution of the fractional modified DP equation systematically and also presents graphically the variation of the obtained solution for diverse values of the fractional parameterβ.
文摘Purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs technologies are continuously evolving with accelerated research and material engineering in the last decade.Significant scientific and technological advancements have led to development of high-performance radiation detectors with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),better sensitivity,faster response and higher-resolution with capability of desired room-temperature operation.This paper is a review on emerging semiconductor radiation detector materials with a deeper insight into the prospective role of Bismuth tri-iodide(BiI_(3))for room-temperature radiation detectors.Methods An introduction of the state of art of most developed semiconductor materials,i.e.,cadmium telluride(CdTe),mercury iodide(HgI_(2)),lead iodide(PbI_(2)),etc.,and a critical examination of properties,shortcomings and challenges related to their synthesis have been elaborated.Polymer-semiconductor composites with desirable properties and their integration into detector devices is also presented.Subsequent sections discuss the role of BiI_(3) as an emerging radiation detector material for room-temperature operation with an in-depth discussion on the role of defects in charge transportation and electrode configuration.Furthermore,the current challenges along with the future prospects of these materials for radiation detection to promote continuous innovation and practical applications are also elaborated.Conclusion The comprehensive review on latest developments in room-temperature radiation detector materials is expected to help establish a technological roadmap for the synthesis,fabrication and commercialization of novel materials for development of efficient radiation detectors.
文摘This paper deals with the study of transient waves in a homogeneous isotropic,solid halfspace with a permeating substance in the context of the theory of generalized elasto-thermodiffusion.The halfspace is assumed to be disturbed due to mechanical loads acting on its boundary.The model comprising of basic governing differential equations and boundary conditions has been solved by employing Laplace transform technique.Noting that the second sound effects are short lived,the small time approximations of solution for various physical quantities have been obtained and the results are discussed on the possible wave fronts.In case of continuous and periodic loads acting at the boundary,the displacement is found to be continuous at each wave front while it is discontinuous in case of impulsive load.The temperature and concentration fields are found to be discontinuous at all the wave fronts.The displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation due to impulsive,continuous and periodic mechanical loads have also been evaluated in the physical domain at all times by employing numerical inversion technique of integral transform.The computer simulated numerical results have been presented graphically in respect of displacement,temperature change and concentration deviation for brass.A significant effect of mass diffusion has been observed on the behaviour of mechanical and thermal waves.
基金This work is partially supported by UGC-BSR Startup grant Number 30e466/2019(BSR)for which the authors thankfully acknowledge.
文摘This research paper aims at studying the impact of lockdown on the dynamics of novel Corona Virus Disease(COVID-19)emerged in Wuhan city of China in December 2019.Perceiving the pandemic situation throughout the world,Government of India restricted international passenger traffic through land check post(Liang,2020)and imposed complete lockdown in the country on 24 March 2020.To study the impact of lockdown on disease dynamics we consider a three-dimensional mathematical model using nonlinear ordinary differential equations.The proposed model has been studied using stability theory of nonlinear ordinary differential equations.Basic reproduction ratio is computed and significant parameters responsible to keep basic reproduction ratio less than one are identified.The study reveals that disease vanishes from the system only if complete lockdown is imposed otherwise disease will always persist in the population.However,disease can be kept under control by implementing contact tracing and quarantine measures as well along with lockdown if lockdown is imposed partially.
