The objective of this work is to extract walnut oil using various processes in order to compare the influence on the nature of the components extracted, and thus identify the areas of potential use. We carried out the...The objective of this work is to extract walnut oil using various processes in order to compare the influence on the nature of the components extracted, and thus identify the areas of potential use. We carried out the extractions by mechanical process, thanks to a press in reduced model provided with a worm. We obtained cold extracted oil whose characteristics slightly diverge from extra virgin oil found in shops in Romania, but its composition is similar. We were also able to extract by chemical process using two methods, Folch and Soxhlet. Commercially available table walnut oils are only cold extracted to avoid the presence of solvents. Those are difficult to remove and strongly oxidize the oil. Currently, consumers appreciate walnut oil for its taste and nutritional qualities. In nutrition, this oil is put forward for its composition rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are needed for human body. Food supplements made from walnut oil are available today. For the moment, this is the only use of walnut oil. Indeed, there are some studies on other fields of application, but they remain in the field of research and nothing has yet been commercialized. In this present study, we compared the chemical and physical properties of cold-extracted oil with the solvent extraction of walnut kernel originating from the mountain region of Rumania. The cold extracted oil has a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (63%) and monounsaturated fatty acids (30%), a very low level of saturated fatty acid (7%) and no content of linolenic acid. The Soxhlet and Folch methods produced slightly different oils with increased amounts of minor components, which changes their characteristic. Even when solvent-extracted oils do not meet the standard criteria imposed by the Codex Alimentarius, they offer a possible use in the fields of food, cosmetics industries and biomedicine.展开更多
Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)have recently been exploited to fabricate anti-infective medical devices due to their biocompatibility and ability to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria.Modern medical devices should be th...Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)have recently been exploited to fabricate anti-infective medical devices due to their biocompatibility and ability to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria.Modern medical devices should be thoroughly sterilised before use to avoid cross-infection and disease transmission,consequently it is essential to evaluate whether AMPs withstand the sterilisation process or not.In this study,the effect of radiation sterilisation on the structure and properties of AMPs was explored.Fourteen AMPs formed from different monomers with different topologies were synthesised by ring-opening polymerisation of N-carboxyanhydrides.The results of solubility testing showed that the star-shaped AMPs changed from water-soluble to water-insoluble after irradiation,while the solubility of linear AMPs remained unchanged.Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry showed that the molecular weight of the linear AMPs underwent minimal changes after irradiation.The results of minimum inhibitory concentration assay also illustrated that radiation sterilisation had little effect on the antibacterial properties of the linear AMPs.Therefore,radiation sterilisation may be a feasible method for the sterilisation of AMPs,which have promising commercial applications in medical devices.展开更多
Nicotine is the principal alkaloid of tobacco often manufactured into cigarettes and belongs to a highly addictive class of drugs.Nicotine attenuates the neuroinflammation induced by microglial activation.However,the ...Nicotine is the principal alkaloid of tobacco often manufactured into cigarettes and belongs to a highly addictive class of drugs.Nicotine attenuates the neuroinflammation induced by microglial activation.However,the molecular target(s)underlying anti-inflammatory action of nicotine has not been fully understood.Considering the psychoactive substances morphine,cocaine,and methamphetamine act as xenobiotic-associated molecular patterns and can be specifically sensed by the innate immune receptor Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),here we sought to delineate whether nicotine and/or its metabolite cotinine may be recognized by the innate immune system via myeloid differentiation protein 2(MD2).展开更多
文摘The objective of this work is to extract walnut oil using various processes in order to compare the influence on the nature of the components extracted, and thus identify the areas of potential use. We carried out the extractions by mechanical process, thanks to a press in reduced model provided with a worm. We obtained cold extracted oil whose characteristics slightly diverge from extra virgin oil found in shops in Romania, but its composition is similar. We were also able to extract by chemical process using two methods, Folch and Soxhlet. Commercially available table walnut oils are only cold extracted to avoid the presence of solvents. Those are difficult to remove and strongly oxidize the oil. Currently, consumers appreciate walnut oil for its taste and nutritional qualities. In nutrition, this oil is put forward for its composition rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are needed for human body. Food supplements made from walnut oil are available today. For the moment, this is the only use of walnut oil. Indeed, there are some studies on other fields of application, but they remain in the field of research and nothing has yet been commercialized. In this present study, we compared the chemical and physical properties of cold-extracted oil with the solvent extraction of walnut kernel originating from the mountain region of Rumania. The cold extracted oil has a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (63%) and monounsaturated fatty acids (30%), a very low level of saturated fatty acid (7%) and no content of linolenic acid. The Soxhlet and Folch methods produced slightly different oils with increased amounts of minor components, which changes their characteristic. Even when solvent-extracted oils do not meet the standard criteria imposed by the Codex Alimentarius, they offer a possible use in the fields of food, cosmetics industries and biomedicine.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51873213)High-Tech Research&Development Program of CAS-WEGO Group,and National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFC2101700).
文摘Antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)have recently been exploited to fabricate anti-infective medical devices due to their biocompatibility and ability to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria.Modern medical devices should be thoroughly sterilised before use to avoid cross-infection and disease transmission,consequently it is essential to evaluate whether AMPs withstand the sterilisation process or not.In this study,the effect of radiation sterilisation on the structure and properties of AMPs was explored.Fourteen AMPs formed from different monomers with different topologies were synthesised by ring-opening polymerisation of N-carboxyanhydrides.The results of solubility testing showed that the star-shaped AMPs changed from water-soluble to water-insoluble after irradiation,while the solubility of linear AMPs remained unchanged.Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry showed that the molecular weight of the linear AMPs underwent minimal changes after irradiation.The results of minimum inhibitory concentration assay also illustrated that radiation sterilisation had little effect on the antibacterial properties of the linear AMPs.Therefore,radiation sterilisation may be a feasible method for the sterilisation of AMPs,which have promising commercial applications in medical devices.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91956121,21877106,21807098,and 21850410455)the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Pioneer Hundred Talents Program,the Young Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(20180101021JC)+1 种基金Computing time was supported by the Network and Computing Center,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,CAS,the National Supercomputing Center in Guangzhou,and the National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen.M.R.H.is the recipient of an ARC Future Fellowship(FT180100565)Director of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics(CE140100003).
文摘Nicotine is the principal alkaloid of tobacco often manufactured into cigarettes and belongs to a highly addictive class of drugs.Nicotine attenuates the neuroinflammation induced by microglial activation.However,the molecular target(s)underlying anti-inflammatory action of nicotine has not been fully understood.Considering the psychoactive substances morphine,cocaine,and methamphetamine act as xenobiotic-associated molecular patterns and can be specifically sensed by the innate immune receptor Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),here we sought to delineate whether nicotine and/or its metabolite cotinine may be recognized by the innate immune system via myeloid differentiation protein 2(MD2).
