Regulating lithium(Li)plating/stripping behavior in three-dimensional(3D)conductive scaffolds is critical to stabilizing Li metal batteries(LMBs).Surface protrusions and roughness in these scaffolds can induce uneven ...Regulating lithium(Li)plating/stripping behavior in three-dimensional(3D)conductive scaffolds is critical to stabilizing Li metal batteries(LMBs).Surface protrusions and roughness in these scaffolds can induce uneven distributions of the electric fields and ionic concentrations,forming“hot spots.”Hot spots may cause uncontrollable Li dendrites growth,presenting significant challenges to the cycle stability and safety of LMBs.To address these issues,we construct a Li ionic conductive-dielectric gradient bifunctional interlayer(ICDL)onto a 3D Li-injected graphene/carbon nanotube scaffold(LGCF)via in situ reaction of exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride(fhBN)and molten Li.Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses reveal that ICDL consists of fhBN-rich outer layer and inner layer enriched with Li_(3)N and Li-boron composites(Li-B).The outer layer utilizes dielectric properties to effectively homogenize the electric field,while the inner layer ensures high Li ion conductivity.Moreover,DFT calculations indicate that ICDL can effectively adsorb Li and decrease the Li diffusion barrier,promoting enhanced Li ion transport.The modulation of Li kinetics by ICDL increases the critical length of the Li nucleus,enabling suppression of Li dendrite growth.Attributing to these advantages,the ICDL-coated LGCF(ICDL@LGCF)demonstrates impressive long-term cycle performances in both symmetric cells and full cells.展开更多
Conducting polymer is an important electrode material for supercapacitors because of its high initial specific capacitance.Herein,a novel nanocomposite composed of polypyrrole(PPy)film homogeneously immobilized on the...Conducting polymer is an important electrode material for supercapacitors because of its high initial specific capacitance.Herein,a novel nanocomposite composed of polypyrrole(PPy)film homogeneously immobilized on the pillar[5]arene functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanosheets(RGO-HP5 A-PPy)was successfully prepared.RGO-HP5 A induced pyrrole to polymerize on the graphene surface and the specific capacitance loss caused by PPy agglomeration was avoided.Noticeably,the specific capacitance of RGOHP5 A-PPy was up to 495 F/g at 1 A/g.Compared with pure PPy(319 F/g),the specific capacitance was increased by 55%.The specific capacitance retention of the assembled symmetric supercapacitor reached76%after 10,000 cycles at 5 A/g.This study gave full play to the advantages of pillar[5]arene,graphene and PPy,and was expected to promote the development of supramolecular functionalized composites in energy storage.展开更多
As a member of the curcuminoid compound family,curcumin(Cur)has many interesting therapeutic properties.However,its low aqueous solubility and stability have resulted in poor bioavailability and restricted clinical ef...As a member of the curcuminoid compound family,curcumin(Cur)has many interesting therapeutic properties.However,its low aqueous solubility and stability have resulted in poor bioavailability and restricted clinical efficacy.Based on size matching,β-cyclodextrin polymer(β-CDP),with its hydrophilic polymer chains and hydrophobic cavities,can form an inclusion complex with Cur.To improve the water solubility and stability of Cur,a simple and eco-friendly grinding method was designed to formβ-CDP inclusion complexes.According to the Boltzmann-Hamel's method and Job's method,the molar ratio of theβ-CD unit inβ-CDP to Cur was determined to be 1:1.The diffusion coefficient and diffusion activation energy of Cur-β-CDP were calculated in an electrochemical study.This supramolecular complex worked well in vitro to inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma carcinoma cells HepG2.Remarkably,this method visibly reduced the undesirable side effects on normal cells,without weakening the anti-cancer activity of the drugs.We expect that the obtained host-vip complex will provide a new approach for delivering natural drug molecules,having low water solubility.展开更多
The flexible physical sensors have the advantage of pliability and extensibility and can be easily twisted or curved.The development of flexibility from rigidity has significantly increased the application situations ...The flexible physical sensors have the advantage of pliability and extensibility and can be easily twisted or curved.The development of flexibility from rigidity has significantly increased the application situations for sensors,especially in intelligent robots,tactile platforms,wearable medical sensors,bionic devices,and other fields.The research of membrane-based flexible physical sensors relies on the development of advanced materials and technologies,which have been derived from a wide range of applications.Various technical methods and principles have gradually matured according to the different applications and materials used.The first section of this review discusses membrane substrates and functional materials,summarizing the development of flexible physical sensors.According to the technical sensing principles,the review is concerned with the state of research on physical sensing platforms.Lastly,the difficulties and chances for the design of emerging membrane-based flexible physical sensors in the coming years are presented.展开更多
Wearable and stretchable strain sensors have potential values in the fields of human motion and health monitoring,flexible electronics,and soft robotic skin.The wearable and stretchable strain sensors can be directly ...Wearable and stretchable strain sensors have potential values in the fields of human motion and health monitoring,flexible electronics,and soft robotic skin.The wearable and stretchable strain sensors can be directly attached to human skin,providing visualized detection for human motions and personal healthcare.Conductive polymer composites(CPC)composed of conductive fillers and flexible polymers have the advantages of high stretchability,good flexibility,superior durability,which can be used to prepare flexible strain sensors with large working strain and outstanding sensitivity.This review has put forward a comprehensive summary on the fabrication methods,advanced mechanisms and strain sensing abilities of CPC strain sensors reported in recent years,especially the sensors with superior performance.Finally,the structural design,bionic function,integration technology and further application of CPC strain sensors are prospected.展开更多
An advanced approach for functionalizing the surfaces of electrospun poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)(PLCL)nanofibers for biomedical applications is presented here.Using initiated chemical vapor deposition(iCVD),a c...An advanced approach for functionalizing the surfaces of electrospun poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)(PLCL)nanofibers for biomedical applications is presented here.Using initiated chemical vapor deposition(iCVD),a coating of the copolymer p(PFMA-co-DVB)containing poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate)(PFMA)and divinylbenzene(DVB)was applied to the PLCL nanofibers.This coating facilitated efficient immobilization of the biomolecules on the PLCL nanofiber surfaces,allowing precise adjustments to the polymer composition through modulation of the monomer flow rates.The resulting copolymer exhibited superior efficiency for immobilizing IgG,as confirmed by immunofluorescence intensity analysis.In vitro studies conducted with different neural cell types demonstrated that the laminin-coated iCVD-functionalized PLCL nanofibers maintained their inherent biocompatibility while significantly enhancing cell adhesion.By exploiting the elastic nature of the PLCL nanofibers,cell elongation could be successfully manipulated by controlling the nanofiber alignment,as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy and quantification of the immunofluorescence image orientation.These findings highlight the potential of iCVD-modified PLCL nanofibers as versatile platforms for neural tissue engineering and various biomedical applications,allowing valuable biomaterial surface modifications for enhanced cellular interactions.展开更多
Vulcanization is an essential process to obtain high-performance rubber products.Diphenylguanidine(DPG)is often used as the secondary accelerator in the vulcanization process of natural rubber(NR)latex.However,DPG wou...Vulcanization is an essential process to obtain high-performance rubber products.Diphenylguanidine(DPG)is often used as the secondary accelerator in the vulcanization process of natural rubber(NR)latex.However,DPG would make NR latex emulsion exhibit gelation,resulting in the negative vulcanization efficiency.In addition,exposure to DPG might lead to some physiological diseases during the production process of DPG doped NR latex.Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD)with the hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic exterior has the advantages of good water solubility,high bioavailability,reliable stability,and low toxicity.In this study,the inclusion complex of diphenylguanidine-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(DPG-HP-β-CD)is prepared by bali milling with a host-vip molar ratio of 1:1,which has also been applied to the foaming process of NR latex.The mechanical properties of DPG-HP-β-CD inclusion complex/natural rubber latex foam(DPG-HP-β-CD/NRLF)have been significantly improved,including the tensile strength,elongation at break,hardness,compression set,resilience,and antiaging performance.Further,the usage of DPG has been reduced,leading to the reduction of toxicity and environmental hazards.展开更多
Mitochondrial dysfunction increases ROS production and is closely related to many degenerative cellular organelle diseases.The NOX4-p22phox axis is a major contributor to ROS production and its dysregulation is expect...Mitochondrial dysfunction increases ROS production and is closely related to many degenerative cellular organelle diseases.The NOX4-p22phox axis is a major contributor to ROS production and its dysregulation is expected to disrupt mitochondrial function.However,the field lacks a competitive inhibitor of the NOX4-p22phox interaction.Here,we created a povidone micelle-based Prussian blue nanozyme that we named“Mitocelle”to target the NOX4-p22phox axis,and characterized its impact on the major degenerative cellular organelle disease,osteoarthritis(OA).Mitocelle is composed of FDA-approved and biocompatible materials,has a regular spherical shape,and is approximately 88 nm in diameter.Mitocelle competitively inhibits the NOX4-p22phox interaction,and its uptake by chondrocytes can protect against mitochondrial malfunction.Upon intra-articular injection to an OA mouse model,Mitocelle shows long-term stability,effective uptake into the cartilage matrix,and the ability to attenuate joint degradation.Collectively,our findings suggest that Mitocelle,which functions as a competitive inhibitor of NOX4-p22phox,may be suitable for translational research as a therapeutic for OA and cellular organelle diseases related to dysfunctional mitochondria.展开更多
Flexible humidity sensors are widely used in many fields,such as environmental monitoring,agricultural soil moisture content determination,food quality monitoring and healthcare services.Therefore,it is essential to m...Flexible humidity sensors are widely used in many fields,such as environmental monitoring,agricultural soil moisture content determination,food quality monitoring and healthcare services.Therefore,it is essential to measure humidity accurately and reliably in different conditions.Flexible materials have been the focusing substrates of humidity sensors because of their rich surface chemical properties and structural designability.In addition,flexible materials have superior ductility for different conditions.In this review,we have summarized several sensing mechanisms,processing techniques,sensing layers and substrates for specific humidity sensing requirements.Aadditionally,we have sorted out some cases of flexible humidity sensors based on different functional materials.We hope this paper can contribute to the development of flexible humidity sensors in the future.展开更多
Critical limb ischemia(CLI)is a devastating disease characterized by the progressive blockage of blood vessels.Although the paracrine effect of growth factors in stem cell therapy made it a promising angiogenic therap...Critical limb ischemia(CLI)is a devastating disease characterized by the progressive blockage of blood vessels.Although the paracrine effect of growth factors in stem cell therapy made it a promising angiogenic therapy for CLI,poor cell survival in the harsh ischemic microenvironment limited its efficacy.Thus,an imperative need exists for a stem-cell delivery method that enhances cell survival.Here,a collagen microgel(CMG)cell-delivery scaffold(40×20μm)was fabricated via micro-fragmentation from collagen-hyaluronic acid polyionic complex to improve transplantation efficiency.Culturing human adipose-derived stem cells(hASCs)with CMG enabled integrin receptors to interact with CMG to form injectable 3-dimensional constructs(CMG-hASCs)with a microporous microarchitecture and enhanced mass transfer.CMG-hASCs exhibited higher cell survival(p<0.0001)and angiogenic potential in tube formation and aortic ring angiogenesis assays than cell aggregates.Injection of CMG-hASCs intramuscularly into CLI mice increased blood perfusion and limb salvage ratios by 40%and 60%,respectively,compared to cell aggregate-treated mice.Further immunofluorescent analysis revealed that transplanted CMG-hASCs have greater muscle regenerative and angiogenic potential,with enhanced cell survival than cell aggregates(p<0.05).Collectively,we propose CMG as a cell-assembling platform and CMG-hASCs as promising therapeutics to treat CLI.展开更多
基金the financial support from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2023R1A2C2007699 and 2022R1A6A1A0306303912)the Nano Material Technology Development Program through the NRF funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2015M3A7B6027970)the Technology Innovation Program by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (RS-202300236794)
文摘Regulating lithium(Li)plating/stripping behavior in three-dimensional(3D)conductive scaffolds is critical to stabilizing Li metal batteries(LMBs).Surface protrusions and roughness in these scaffolds can induce uneven distributions of the electric fields and ionic concentrations,forming“hot spots.”Hot spots may cause uncontrollable Li dendrites growth,presenting significant challenges to the cycle stability and safety of LMBs.To address these issues,we construct a Li ionic conductive-dielectric gradient bifunctional interlayer(ICDL)onto a 3D Li-injected graphene/carbon nanotube scaffold(LGCF)via in situ reaction of exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride(fhBN)and molten Li.Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses reveal that ICDL consists of fhBN-rich outer layer and inner layer enriched with Li_(3)N and Li-boron composites(Li-B).The outer layer utilizes dielectric properties to effectively homogenize the electric field,while the inner layer ensures high Li ion conductivity.Moreover,DFT calculations indicate that ICDL can effectively adsorb Li and decrease the Li diffusion barrier,promoting enhanced Li ion transport.The modulation of Li kinetics by ICDL increases the critical length of the Li nucleus,enabling suppression of Li dendrite growth.Attributing to these advantages,the ICDL-coated LGCF(ICDL@LGCF)demonstrates impressive long-term cycle performances in both symmetric cells and full cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21703200 and 21773203)the Chey Institute for Advanced Studies International Scholar Exchange Fellowship for the academic year of 2021–2022+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BK20170485)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Nos.SJCX21_1565 and KYCX21_3204)China Scholarship Council program(No.201908320084)the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Conducting polymer is an important electrode material for supercapacitors because of its high initial specific capacitance.Herein,a novel nanocomposite composed of polypyrrole(PPy)film homogeneously immobilized on the pillar[5]arene functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanosheets(RGO-HP5 A-PPy)was successfully prepared.RGO-HP5 A induced pyrrole to polymerize on the graphene surface and the specific capacitance loss caused by PPy agglomeration was avoided.Noticeably,the specific capacitance of RGOHP5 A-PPy was up to 495 F/g at 1 A/g.Compared with pure PPy(319 F/g),the specific capacitance was increased by 55%.The specific capacitance retention of the assembled symmetric supercapacitor reached76%after 10,000 cycles at 5 A/g.This study gave full play to the advantages of pillar[5]arene,graphene and PPy,and was expected to promote the development of supramolecular functionalized composites in energy storage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21703200 and 21773203)the Chey Institute for Advanced Studies International Scholar Exchange Fellowship for the Academic Year of 2021-2022China Scholarship Council Program(No.201908320084)。
文摘As a member of the curcuminoid compound family,curcumin(Cur)has many interesting therapeutic properties.However,its low aqueous solubility and stability have resulted in poor bioavailability and restricted clinical efficacy.Based on size matching,β-cyclodextrin polymer(β-CDP),with its hydrophilic polymer chains and hydrophobic cavities,can form an inclusion complex with Cur.To improve the water solubility and stability of Cur,a simple and eco-friendly grinding method was designed to formβ-CDP inclusion complexes.According to the Boltzmann-Hamel's method and Job's method,the molar ratio of theβ-CD unit inβ-CDP to Cur was determined to be 1:1.The diffusion coefficient and diffusion activation energy of Cur-β-CDP were calculated in an electrochemical study.This supramolecular complex worked well in vitro to inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma carcinoma cells HepG2.Remarkably,this method visibly reduced the undesirable side effects on normal cells,without weakening the anti-cancer activity of the drugs.We expect that the obtained host-vip complex will provide a new approach for delivering natural drug molecules,having low water solubility.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52403081)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52172126)+1 种基金Research Startup Fund of Changzhou University(ZMF24020055)Young Scientists Lifting Project of Changzhou and Jiangsu Province and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BX2023026)。
文摘The flexible physical sensors have the advantage of pliability and extensibility and can be easily twisted or curved.The development of flexibility from rigidity has significantly increased the application situations for sensors,especially in intelligent robots,tactile platforms,wearable medical sensors,bionic devices,and other fields.The research of membrane-based flexible physical sensors relies on the development of advanced materials and technologies,which have been derived from a wide range of applications.Various technical methods and principles have gradually matured according to the different applications and materials used.The first section of this review discusses membrane substrates and functional materials,summarizing the development of flexible physical sensors.According to the technical sensing principles,the review is concerned with the state of research on physical sensing platforms.Lastly,the difficulties and chances for the design of emerging membrane-based flexible physical sensors in the coming years are presented.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2021R1A2C1008380)Nano Material Technology Development Program[NRF-2015M3A7B6027970]+1 种基金the Chey Institute for Advanced Studies'International Scholar Exchange Fellowship for the academic year of 2021-2022supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant funded by the Korea government(MOTIE)(20215710100170).
文摘Wearable and stretchable strain sensors have potential values in the fields of human motion and health monitoring,flexible electronics,and soft robotic skin.The wearable and stretchable strain sensors can be directly attached to human skin,providing visualized detection for human motions and personal healthcare.Conductive polymer composites(CPC)composed of conductive fillers and flexible polymers have the advantages of high stretchability,good flexibility,superior durability,which can be used to prepare flexible strain sensors with large working strain and outstanding sensitivity.This review has put forward a comprehensive summary on the fabrication methods,advanced mechanisms and strain sensing abilities of CPC strain sensors reported in recent years,especially the sensors with superior performance.Finally,the structural design,bionic function,integration technology and further application of CPC strain sensors are prospected.
基金supported by the National R&D Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(Grant Nos.NRF-2021M3H4A4079294,RS-2023-00211412)the KIST research programs(2E32860,2E32911,2E33151).
文摘An advanced approach for functionalizing the surfaces of electrospun poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)(PLCL)nanofibers for biomedical applications is presented here.Using initiated chemical vapor deposition(iCVD),a coating of the copolymer p(PFMA-co-DVB)containing poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate)(PFMA)and divinylbenzene(DVB)was applied to the PLCL nanofibers.This coating facilitated efficient immobilization of the biomolecules on the PLCL nanofiber surfaces,allowing precise adjustments to the polymer composition through modulation of the monomer flow rates.The resulting copolymer exhibited superior efficiency for immobilizing IgG,as confirmed by immunofluorescence intensity analysis.In vitro studies conducted with different neural cell types demonstrated that the laminin-coated iCVD-functionalized PLCL nanofibers maintained their inherent biocompatibility while significantly enhancing cell adhesion.By exploiting the elastic nature of the PLCL nanofibers,cell elongation could be successfully manipulated by controlling the nanofiber alignment,as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy and quantification of the immunofluorescence image orientation.These findings highlight the potential of iCVD-modified PLCL nanofibers as versatile platforms for neural tissue engineering and various biomedical applications,allowing valuable biomaterial surface modifications for enhanced cellular interactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.21703200)the China Scholarship Council Program(No.201908320084)+2 种基金the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2021R1A2C1008380)the Nano Material Technology Development Program(NRF-2015M3A7B6027970)of MSIP/NRF,the Chey Institute for Advanced Studies International Scholar Exchange Fellowship for the Academic Year of 2021-2022,the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant no.SJCX21_1565).
文摘Vulcanization is an essential process to obtain high-performance rubber products.Diphenylguanidine(DPG)is often used as the secondary accelerator in the vulcanization process of natural rubber(NR)latex.However,DPG would make NR latex emulsion exhibit gelation,resulting in the negative vulcanization efficiency.In addition,exposure to DPG might lead to some physiological diseases during the production process of DPG doped NR latex.Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HP-β-CD)with the hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic exterior has the advantages of good water solubility,high bioavailability,reliable stability,and low toxicity.In this study,the inclusion complex of diphenylguanidine-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(DPG-HP-β-CD)is prepared by bali milling with a host-vip molar ratio of 1:1,which has also been applied to the foaming process of NR latex.The mechanical properties of DPG-HP-β-CD inclusion complex/natural rubber latex foam(DPG-HP-β-CD/NRLF)have been significantly improved,including the tensile strength,elongation at break,hardness,compression set,resilience,and antiaging performance.Further,the usage of DPG has been reduced,leading to the reduction of toxicity and environmental hazards.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation,funded by the Ministry of Science&ICT(2021M3C1C3097647,NRF-2022R1A2C2004343,RS-2023-00223552,and RS-2024-00335111)the Korea Healthcare Technology R&D project of the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(HI16C0001 and HR22C1734)+1 种基金a Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine(KFRM)grant funded by the Korea government(the Ministry of Science and ICT,the Ministry of Health&Welfare,23C0113L1)the Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology(KICET,2410002182).
文摘Mitochondrial dysfunction increases ROS production and is closely related to many degenerative cellular organelle diseases.The NOX4-p22phox axis is a major contributor to ROS production and its dysregulation is expected to disrupt mitochondrial function.However,the field lacks a competitive inhibitor of the NOX4-p22phox interaction.Here,we created a povidone micelle-based Prussian blue nanozyme that we named“Mitocelle”to target the NOX4-p22phox axis,and characterized its impact on the major degenerative cellular organelle disease,osteoarthritis(OA).Mitocelle is composed of FDA-approved and biocompatible materials,has a regular spherical shape,and is approximately 88 nm in diameter.Mitocelle competitively inhibits the NOX4-p22phox interaction,and its uptake by chondrocytes can protect against mitochondrial malfunction.Upon intra-articular injection to an OA mouse model,Mitocelle shows long-term stability,effective uptake into the cartilage matrix,and the ability to attenuate joint degradation.Collectively,our findings suggest that Mitocelle,which functions as a competitive inhibitor of NOX4-p22phox,may be suitable for translational research as a therapeutic for OA and cellular organelle diseases related to dysfunctional mitochondria.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22008014)the Changzhou Young Scientific and Technological Talents Promotion Project,the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province and China Scholarship Council(CSC).+1 种基金the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant funded by the Korea government(MOTIE)(20215710100170)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.2023R1A2C200769911).
文摘Flexible humidity sensors are widely used in many fields,such as environmental monitoring,agricultural soil moisture content determination,food quality monitoring and healthcare services.Therefore,it is essential to measure humidity accurately and reliably in different conditions.Flexible materials have been the focusing substrates of humidity sensors because of their rich surface chemical properties and structural designability.In addition,flexible materials have superior ductility for different conditions.In this review,we have summarized several sensing mechanisms,processing techniques,sensing layers and substrates for specific humidity sensing requirements.Aadditionally,we have sorted out some cases of flexible humidity sensors based on different functional materials.We hope this paper can contribute to the development of flexible humidity sensors in the future.
基金supported by a grant from the Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine,funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT,and the Ministry of Health&Welfare of Korea[22C0620L1-11].
文摘Critical limb ischemia(CLI)is a devastating disease characterized by the progressive blockage of blood vessels.Although the paracrine effect of growth factors in stem cell therapy made it a promising angiogenic therapy for CLI,poor cell survival in the harsh ischemic microenvironment limited its efficacy.Thus,an imperative need exists for a stem-cell delivery method that enhances cell survival.Here,a collagen microgel(CMG)cell-delivery scaffold(40×20μm)was fabricated via micro-fragmentation from collagen-hyaluronic acid polyionic complex to improve transplantation efficiency.Culturing human adipose-derived stem cells(hASCs)with CMG enabled integrin receptors to interact with CMG to form injectable 3-dimensional constructs(CMG-hASCs)with a microporous microarchitecture and enhanced mass transfer.CMG-hASCs exhibited higher cell survival(p<0.0001)and angiogenic potential in tube formation and aortic ring angiogenesis assays than cell aggregates.Injection of CMG-hASCs intramuscularly into CLI mice increased blood perfusion and limb salvage ratios by 40%and 60%,respectively,compared to cell aggregate-treated mice.Further immunofluorescent analysis revealed that transplanted CMG-hASCs have greater muscle regenerative and angiogenic potential,with enhanced cell survival than cell aggregates(p<0.05).Collectively,we propose CMG as a cell-assembling platform and CMG-hASCs as promising therapeutics to treat CLI.
