Five-year trials （2011-2015） were accomplished in a continuous field experiment conducted at the Production and Research Station in Balcyny. The experiment was set up on a luvisol medium soil, derived from light loa...Five-year trials （2011-2015） were accomplished in a continuous field experiment conducted at the Production and Research Station in Balcyny. The experiment was set up on a luvisol medium soil, derived from light loam with the objective of evaluating the response of two winter triticale varieties （Pigmej and Cyrkon） to cultivation without protection （O）, chemical weed control （H） and combined protection against weeds and fungi （HF）. Comparisons were made in two crop sequence systems： cultivation of winter triticale varieties in a 6-field crop rotation and cultivation in a 19-23-year-long monoculture. The results showed that the plant sequence system significantly differentiated the response of winter triticale varieties to the applied levels of field protection. Significantly higher grain yield gains of the winter triticale varieties in response to the application of herbicides or herbicides with fungicides were obtained in the monoculture than in the crop rotation. In the crop rotation, a higher increase in yields induced by the applied plant protection treatments was achieved by the variety Cyrkon. In the monoculture, the response of both varieties to the herbicides applied was nearly identical, while the combined application of herbicides and fungicides raised the yields of var. Pigmej higher than those of var. Cyrkon. Overall for the plant protection levels, var. Cyrkon yielded higher than var. Pigmej by 18.1% more in the crop rotation and by 26.9% in the monoculture. At the same time, var. Cyrkon demonstrated a weaker response to being grown in the monoculture than var. Pigmej did. The average yield of the former was reduced by 21.1%, whereas the latter yielded 26.6% less grain.展开更多
The study highlights the critical mechanistic data supporting the ecological restoration advantages of biochar(BC)and its role in sustainable environmental management.Recognizing the substantial influence of specific ...The study highlights the critical mechanistic data supporting the ecological restoration advantages of biochar(BC)and its role in sustainable environmental management.Recognizing the substantial influence of specific feedstock sources and pyrolysis parameters on BC efficacy,this research aims to address these gaps through an extensive investigation into the potential benefits of BC application in ecological restoration.The methodology involves a systematic exploration of effects of BC from latest literature on various aspects of agricultural sustainability,including its ability to support crop growth,improve nutrient bioavailability,facilitate co-composting,enhance consumption efficiency,and contribute to water quality restoration.The main results of the study reveal that BC usage results in a net negative carbon(C)footprint,mitigates heavy metal pollution,and enhances soil and ecosystem health.In bioenergy production,BC serves as a versatile resource for generating renewable energy,reducing waste,and facilitating C sequestration.Advanced BC techniques,such as tailored pyrolysis processes and activation methods,further enhance its effectiveness in ecosystem restoration and sustainable resource management.Furthermore,the research identifies deficiencies in current literature and proposes future research directions to advance understanding of BC application.Overall,the study underscores the importance of considering feedstock and pyrolysis variables in BC research and highlights the potential of BC to contribute to ecological sustainability.However,concerns regarding potential health implications for humans in agricultural contexts warrant further investigation and risk assessment to ensure safe and sustainable BC application.展开更多
文摘Five-year trials （2011-2015） were accomplished in a continuous field experiment conducted at the Production and Research Station in Balcyny. The experiment was set up on a luvisol medium soil, derived from light loam with the objective of evaluating the response of two winter triticale varieties （Pigmej and Cyrkon） to cultivation without protection （O）, chemical weed control （H） and combined protection against weeds and fungi （HF）. Comparisons were made in two crop sequence systems： cultivation of winter triticale varieties in a 6-field crop rotation and cultivation in a 19-23-year-long monoculture. The results showed that the plant sequence system significantly differentiated the response of winter triticale varieties to the applied levels of field protection. Significantly higher grain yield gains of the winter triticale varieties in response to the application of herbicides or herbicides with fungicides were obtained in the monoculture than in the crop rotation. In the crop rotation, a higher increase in yields induced by the applied plant protection treatments was achieved by the variety Cyrkon. In the monoculture, the response of both varieties to the herbicides applied was nearly identical, while the combined application of herbicides and fungicides raised the yields of var. Pigmej higher than those of var. Cyrkon. Overall for the plant protection levels, var. Cyrkon yielded higher than var. Pigmej by 18.1% more in the crop rotation and by 26.9% in the monoculture. At the same time, var. Cyrkon demonstrated a weaker response to being grown in the monoculture than var. Pigmej did. The average yield of the former was reduced by 21.1%, whereas the latter yielded 26.6% less grain.
基金funding from the Ministry of Education,Science and Sports of the Republic of Lithuania and Research Council of Lithuania(LMTLT)under the Program‘University Excellence Initiative’Project‘Development of the Bioeconomy Research Center of Excellence’(BioTEC),agreement No S-A-UEI-23-14.
文摘The study highlights the critical mechanistic data supporting the ecological restoration advantages of biochar(BC)and its role in sustainable environmental management.Recognizing the substantial influence of specific feedstock sources and pyrolysis parameters on BC efficacy,this research aims to address these gaps through an extensive investigation into the potential benefits of BC application in ecological restoration.The methodology involves a systematic exploration of effects of BC from latest literature on various aspects of agricultural sustainability,including its ability to support crop growth,improve nutrient bioavailability,facilitate co-composting,enhance consumption efficiency,and contribute to water quality restoration.The main results of the study reveal that BC usage results in a net negative carbon(C)footprint,mitigates heavy metal pollution,and enhances soil and ecosystem health.In bioenergy production,BC serves as a versatile resource for generating renewable energy,reducing waste,and facilitating C sequestration.Advanced BC techniques,such as tailored pyrolysis processes and activation methods,further enhance its effectiveness in ecosystem restoration and sustainable resource management.Furthermore,the research identifies deficiencies in current literature and proposes future research directions to advance understanding of BC application.Overall,the study underscores the importance of considering feedstock and pyrolysis variables in BC research and highlights the potential of BC to contribute to ecological sustainability.However,concerns regarding potential health implications for humans in agricultural contexts warrant further investigation and risk assessment to ensure safe and sustainable BC application.
