Over a century ago,the first clinical and neuropathological insights into major neurodegenerative diseases began to emerge:the description of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)by Alois Alzheimer in 1906,frontotemporal dementia ...Over a century ago,the first clinical and neuropathological insights into major neurodegenerative diseases began to emerge:the description of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)by Alois Alzheimer in 1906,frontotemporal dementia by Arnold Pick in the same years,and Lewy bodies by Friedrich Lewy in 1912.These foundational studies laid the groundwork for the classification of what we now recognize as distinct neurodegenerative entities(Allali,2024).展开更多
MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices tak...MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.展开更多
Digital twin technology,that creates virtual replicas of physical entities using real-time data and simulation models,has emerged as a transformative innovation across multiple healthcare domains.Its application in ph...Digital twin technology,that creates virtual replicas of physical entities using real-time data and simulation models,has emerged as a transformative innovation across multiple healthcare domains.Its application in physiotherapy and rehabilitation represents a paradigm shift from traditional therapeutic approaches to personalized data-driven interventions that optimize patient outcomes.This narrative review examines the current applications,benefits,challenges,and future prospects of digital twin technology in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,providing a comprehensive analysis of the manner in which this technology is reshaping clinical practice and patient care.A narrative review approach was employed,systematically searching PubMed,IEEE Xplore,Scopus,and Web of Science databases.Studies describing digital twin applications,development methodologies,clinical implementations,and theoretical frameworks in physiotherapy and rehabilitation contexts were included.Digital twin technology demonstrates significant potential in personalizing rehabilitation programs,enabling real-time monitoring of patient progress,predicting treatment outcomes,and facilitating remote therapeutic interventions.Current applications span musculoskeletal rehabilitation,neurological recovery,post surgical care,and sports injury management.Key benefits include enhanced treatment precision,improved patient engagement,reduced healthcare costs,and accelerated recovery times.However,implementation faces challenges including technological complexity,data privacy concerns,interoperability issues,and the need for substantial infrastructure investment.Digital twin technology represents a promising frontier in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized,efficient,and effective patient care.Successful integration requires addressing the current limitations while fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between clinicians,engineers,and data scientists.展开更多
Although different studies have associated coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)with the occurrence of liver injury,the hepatic injury route during the COVID-19 course is not yet fully understood.In order to better under...Although different studies have associated coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)with the occurrence of liver injury,the hepatic injury route during the COVID-19 course is not yet fully understood.In order to better understand the mechanisms of the disease,the human gut microbiota has been the subject of extensive discussion in the context of COVID-19 pathophysiology.However,many questions remain,including the risks of liver injury due to COVID-19 specific populations.Further research in this field could allow the discovery of new personalized treatment strategies aimed at improving the microbiota composition,thereby reducing COVID-19 severity and its complications in different populations.In this article,we discussed basic mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and recent evidence on the relationship between COVID-19,the gut microbiome and liver injury as well as proposed recommendations for further research.展开更多
This paper depicts the definition,elements and connotation of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes,and points out that the culture of innovation consists of conceptual culture,institutional cu...This paper depicts the definition,elements and connotation of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes,and points out that the culture of innovation consists of conceptual culture,institutional culture,behaviour culture,and park culture.Through analysing the characteristics of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes,it has the following characteristics:stability,openness,systematicness,self-awareness,uniqueness.According to the general law of cultural development,we divide the development of the culture of innovation into cultural diagnosis of institutes,publicity and guidance,content building of the culture of innovation,solidifying and deepening of the culture of innovation,and points out the building path of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes.Finally this paper proposes the countermeasures and suggestions as follows:the building of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes should be combined with long-term development strategy;the building of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes should be combined with service and technology innovation;the building of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes should be combined with implementation of various kinds of specific work.展开更多
In this study, the welding technology of the hot-rolled extra-high-strength steel, BS960QC, has been comprehensively investigated. Analysis has been made on the weldability ,the different welding procedures ,the mecha...In this study, the welding technology of the hot-rolled extra-high-strength steel, BS960QC, has been comprehensively investigated. Analysis has been made on the weldability ,the different welding procedures ,the mechanical properties, and the fatigue properties, and a set of recommendation guidelines have been proposed for evaluating the welded joints of the extra-high-strength steel. The research and results indicate that the hot-rolled extra-high-strength steel, BS960QC,has good weldability and an excellent adaptability to welding procedures. Further,the excellent mechanical properties and fatigue properties of the welded joints ,which can be achieved by using optimized welding procedures, can completely meet the technical requirements of the construction machinery industry.展开更多
This article seeks to emphasize a simplified approach to phylogeny research using complete mitochondrial genomes alone, while touching upon a number of technological perspectives, such as algorithmic selection, which ...This article seeks to emphasize a simplified approach to phylogeny research using complete mitochondrial genomes alone, while touching upon a number of technological perspectives, such as algorithmic selection, which can help improve accuracy and performance in comparative analysis. My results will show that reliable estimations can be obtained by using mitochondrial markers, even among time-extended taxonomical rankings. Six distinct mammalian groups of taxa were selected for comparison. In all cases, mtDNA models generated reliable phylogeny approximations when compared against other independent data, while rendering exceptional computational performance.展开更多
HANARO (High-Flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor) is a 30MWth multi-purpose research reactor generating a very high neutron flux for scientific and technical applications. Since its initial criticality in Feb. 1...HANARO (High-Flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor) is a 30MWth multi-purpose research reactor generating a very high neutron flux for scientific and technical applications. Since its initial criticality in Feb. 1995, it has worked as a national neutron source for neutron beam research, RI production and related research, material and fuel irradiation research, and neutron transmutation doping. The installation of a cold neutron source and related beam instrument makes HANARO serve as a regional source for beam research as well. As Korea is developing nuclear power systems and fuels, irradiation research is a main utilization subject in HANARO, and irradiation facilities have been actively utilized for various nuclear fuel and material irradiation tests requested by users from research institutes, universities, and industries. Most of the irradiation tests were related to the R & D relevant to the ageing management and safety evaluation of the present nuclear power reactors. Korea is conducting R & D programs relevant to new nuclear systems including a research reactor, System-integrated Modular Advanced Reactor (SMART), and future nuclear systems such as a very high temperature reactor system (VHTR) and sodium cooled fast reactor system (SFR). To effectively support the R&D for new nuclear systems, advanced irradiation technologies such as high-temperature irradiation, instrumentation, and long-term irradiation are being developed. In addition, research on the irradiation characteristics of super-conductor materials and new chemical materials is being conducted as a part of fundamental research.展开更多
The paper presents the research on self-balancing two-wheels mobile robot control system analysis with experimental studies.The research problem in this work is to stabilize the mobile robot with self-control and to c...The paper presents the research on self-balancing two-wheels mobile robot control system analysis with experimental studies.The research problem in this work is to stabilize the mobile robot with self-control and to carry the sensitive things without failing in a long span period.The main objective of this study is to focus on the mathematical modelling of mobile robot from laboratory scale to real world applications.The numerical expression with mathematical modelling is very important to control the mobile robot system with linearization.The fundamental concepts of dynamic system stability were utilized for maintaining the stability of the constructed mobile robot system.The controller design is also important for checking the stability and the appropriate controller design is proportional,integral,and derivative-PID controller and Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR).The steady state error could be reduced by using such kind of PID controller.The simulation of numerical expression on mathematical modeling was conducted in MATLAB environments.The confirmation results from the simulation techniques were applied to construct the hardware design of mobile robot system for practical study.The results from simulation approaches and experimental approaches are matched in various kinds of analyses.The constructed mobile robot system was designed and analyzed in the control system design laboratory of Yangon Technological University(YTU).展开更多
Good afternoon,everyone.I'd like to acknowledge DIA for the invitation.I will spend next 25 minutes to briefly talk about the research in Australia and complementary medicine (CM) there.Most importantly,I'd li...Good afternoon,everyone.I'd like to acknowledge DIA for the invitation.I will spend next 25 minutes to briefly talk about the research in Australia and complementary medicine (CM) there.Most importantly,I'd like to introduce a case that I was involved in the last 10 years,which was about developing a new herbal medicine for vascular dementia (VaD).I would actually highlight the issues in it as well as the experience and lessons.展开更多
Composites made from biopolymers and natural fibers are gaining popularity as alternative sustainable structural materials.Biopolyesters including polylactic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),and polyhydroxyalkano...Composites made from biopolymers and natural fibers are gaining popularity as alternative sustainable structural materials.Biopolyesters including polylactic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),and polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA),when mixed with natural fibers such as kenaf,hemp,and jute,provide an environmentally acceptable alternative to traditional fossil-based materials.This article examines current research on developments in the integration of biopolymers with natural fibers,with a focus on enhancing mechanical,thermal,and sustainability.Innovative approaches to surface treatment of natural fibers,such as biological and chemical treatments,have demonstrated enhanced adhesion with biopolymer matrices,increasing attributes such as tensile strength and rigidity.Furthermore,nano filling technologies such as nanocellulose and nanoparticles have improved the attributes of multifunctional composites,including heat conductivity and moisture resistance.According to performance analysis,biopolymernatural fiber-based composites may compete with synthetic composites in construction applications,particularly in lightweight buildings and automobiles.However,significant issues such as degradation in humid settings and longtermendurancemust be solved.To support a circular economy,solutions involve the development ofmoisture-resistant polymers and composite recycling technology.This article examines current advancements and identifies problems and opportunities to provide insight into the future direction of more inventive and sustainable biocomposites,and also the dangers they pose to green technology and industrial materials.These findings are significant in terms of the development of building materials which are not only competitive but also contribute to global sustainability.展开更多
Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection remains a major health burden worldwide.To establish a persistence infection,HBV needs to evade both adaptive and innate immune surveillance.Multiple mechanisms for adaptive imm...Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection remains a major health burden worldwide.To establish a persistence infection,HBV needs to evade both adaptive and innate immune surveillance.Multiple mechanisms for adaptive immunity evasion have been established,but how HBV evades the innate surveillance is less clear.There are three types of host cells involving in the innate immune responses against HBV infection:Hepatocytes,hepatic nonparenchymal cells and conventional innate immune cells.Among these,hepatocytes are the only target cells that are susceptible to HBV infection and the only confirmed site where HBV replication takes place.This review focuses on the hepatocyte-intrinsic innate immunity;one of the earliest host defense responses.After entering hepatocytes,the viral components can be sensed by the cellular pattern recognition receptors.This triggers downstream antiviral responses capable of inhibiting viral replication and even degrading the viral DNA genome directly or indirectly.However,HBV has evolved a variety of sophisticated strategies to evade intracellular immune defense,resulting in the establishment of infection.Here,we provide insights into the mechanisms of the intrinsic innate immune response of hepatocytes and how HBV escapes these defense mechanisms.Hopefully,this will lay the foundation for the development of novel anti-HBV therapies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells(MSC-EVs)can be used for anti-aging therapy and treating various aging-related diseases.However,the clinical application of MSC-EVs is still limi...BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells(MSC-EVs)can be used for anti-aging therapy and treating various aging-related diseases.However,the clinical application of MSC-EVs is still limited,mainly due to insufficient in-formation on the preparation process,quality,and mechanism of action of MSC-EVs.To study the biological effects of MSC-EVs in regulating cellular senescence.METHODS In this study,we developed a clinical-grade production process for MSC-EVs and defined the release criteria for products suitable for human use.To support the clinical use of our product as a therapeutic agent,we performed efficacy assays to evaluate the anti-aging capacity of MSC-EVs in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS The functional analysis results revealed that MSC-EVs significantly reduced the levels of senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase,matrix metallopeptidase 1,P21,and interleukin-1βand increased the level of collagen I in a naturally aged cell model of human dermal fibroblasts.Similarly,treatment with MSC-EVs effectively improved D-gal-induced subacute aging in mice,aging-related histopathological changes,oxidative stress,and aging-related gene expression.CONCLUSION These findings indicate that MSC-EVs can partially alleviate D-gal-induced senescence by reducing oxidative stress and regulating metabolism.Overall,these findings strongly suggest that MSC-EVs hold promise for aging therapy.展开更多
The critical role of patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)in enhancing clinical decision-making and promoting patient-centered care has gained a profound significance in scientific research.PROMs encapsulate a pati...The critical role of patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)in enhancing clinical decision-making and promoting patient-centered care has gained a profound significance in scientific research.PROMs encapsulate a patient's health status directly from their perspective,encompassing various domains such as symptom severity,functional status,and overall quality of life.By integrating PROMs into routine clinical practice and research,healthcare providers can achieve a more nuanced understanding of patient experiences and tailor treatments accordingly.The deployment of PROMs supports dynamic patient-provider interactions,fostering better patient engagement and adherence to tre-atment plans.Moreover,PROMs are pivotal in clinical settings for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy,particularly in chronic and mental health conditions.However,challenges in implementing PROMs include data collection and management,integration into existing health systems,and acceptance by patients and providers.Overcoming these barriers necessitates technological advancements,policy development,and continuous education to enhance the acceptability and effectiveness of PROMs.The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and policy-making aimed at optimizing the use and impact of PROMs across healthcare settings.展开更多
Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing trend.This aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid individuals.Num...Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing trend.This aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid individuals.Numerous applications have been developed to support the challenges in intelligent healthcare systems.However,because mental health data is sensitive,privacy concerns have emerged.Federated learning has gotten some attention.This research reviews the studies on federated learning and mental health related to solving the issue of intelligent healthcare systems.It explores various dimensions of federated learning in mental health,such as datasets(their types and sources),applications categorized based on mental health symptoms,federated mental health frameworks,federated machine learning,federated deep learning,and the benefits of federated learning in mental health applications.This research conducts surveys to evaluate the current state of mental health applications,mainly focusing on the role of Federated Learning(FL)and related privacy and data security concerns.The survey provides valuable insights into how these applications are emerging and evolving,specifically emphasizing FL’s impact.展开更多
Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear,compromised epithelial barrier integrity is believed to promote susceptibility toIBD and be associated with disease severity, suggesting that i...Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear,compromised epithelial barrier integrity is believed to promote susceptibility toIBD and be associated with disease severity, suggesting that improving gut barrierintegrity may palliate or treat IBD. Such a notion gets support from the clinicalfindings that mucosal healing in IBD patients is associated with improvedprognosis, and reduced risk of relapse or colitis-associated cancer. It thereforebecomes critical to understand the intracellular signals that regulate mucosalhealing and gut barrier integrity. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptortyrosine kinase that critically modulates epithelial cell growth and mobility andhas been associated with carcinogenesis. However, studies also suggest that FAKactivation may promote mucosal healing under conditions of colitis, which shouldreduce the risk of colitis-associated cancer. These findings highlight a potentiallytransformative role for FAK in the context of IBD. Understanding the molecularmechanisms by which FAK influences gut barrier repair and mucosal integritycould offer novel therapeutic avenues for treating IBD and preventing its longtermcomplications. This review focuses on the potential role of FAK in promotingcolitis-associated mucosal healing and the underlying molecular mechanismsdriving these processes, offering critical insights into IBD pathogenesis and therapy.展开更多
Nitric oxide(NO)is a gaseous molecule produced by 3 different NO synthase(NOS)isoforms:Neural/brain NOS(nNOS/bNOS,type 1),endothelial NOS(eNOS,type 3)and inducible NOS(type 2).Type 1 and 3 NOS are constitutively expre...Nitric oxide(NO)is a gaseous molecule produced by 3 different NO synthase(NOS)isoforms:Neural/brain NOS(nNOS/bNOS,type 1),endothelial NOS(eNOS,type 3)and inducible NOS(type 2).Type 1 and 3 NOS are constitutively expressed.NO can serve different purposes:As a vasoactive molecule,as a neurotransmitter or as an immunomodulator.It plays a key role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury(CIRI).Hypoxic episodes simulate the production of oxygen free radicals,leading to mitochondrial and phospholipid damage.Upon reperfusion,increased levels of oxygen trigger oxide synthases;whose products are associated with neuronal damage by promoting lipid peroxidation,nitrosylation and excitotoxicity.Molecular pathways in CIRI can be altered by NOS.Neuroprotective effects are observed with eNOS activity.While nNOS interplay is prone to endothelial inflammation,oxidative stress and apoptosis.Therefore,nNOS appears to be detrimental.The interaction between NO and other free radicals develops peroxynitrite;which is a cytotoxic agent.It plays a main role in the likelihood of hemorrhagic events by tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA).Peroxynitrite scavengers are currently being studied as potential targets to prevent hemorrhagic transformation in CIRI.展开更多
Foot reflexology(FR)is a Chinese-originated and non-invasive complementary therapy increasingly used by functional,alternative and para-medical professionals.Enhance attempts are made to study FR in non-functional org...Foot reflexology(FR)is a Chinese-originated and non-invasive complementary therapy increasingly used by functional,alternative and para-medical professionals.Enhance attempts are made to study FR in non-functional organic conditions.The present invited Editorial discusses the application of FR in autoimmune diseases(AD),highlighting a few successful studies demonstrating symptomatic relief and objective improvements.Despite promising results,the FR domain remains under-investigated and an urgent need to confirm and understand the effect of FR in chronic diseases,including AD,is highly recommended.展开更多
Objective To investigate the association between ABO blood types and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)risk.Methods A prospective birth cohort study was conducted.ABO blood types were determined using the slide method...Objective To investigate the association between ABO blood types and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)risk.Methods A prospective birth cohort study was conducted.ABO blood types were determined using the slide method.GDM diagnosis was based on a 75-g,2-h oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)according to the criteria of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups.Logistic regression was applied to calculate the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)between ABO blood types and GDM risk.Results A total of 30,740 pregnant women with a mean age of 31.81 years were enrolled in this study.The ABO blood types distribution was:type O(30.99%),type A(26.58%),type B(32.20%),and type AB(10.23%).GDM was identified in 14.44%of participants.Using blood type O as a reference,GDM risk was not significantly higher for types A(OR=1.05)or B(OR=1.04).However,women with type AB had a 19%increased risk of GDM(OR=1.19,95%CI=1.05–1.34;P<0.05),even after adjusting for various factors.This increased risk for type AB was consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses.Conclusion The ABO blood types may influence GDM risk,with type AB associated with a higher risk.Incorporating it—either as a single risk factor or in combination with other known factors—could help identify individuals at risk for GDM before or during early pregnancy.展开更多
Despite advances in surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy,the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC)requires more personalized approaches based on tumor biology and molecular profiling.While some relevant mutations have ...Despite advances in surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy,the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC)requires more personalized approaches based on tumor biology and molecular profiling.While some relevant mutations have been associated with differential response to immunotherapy,such as RAS and BRAF mutations limiting response to anti-epithelial growth factor receptor drugs or microsatellite instability predisposing susceptibility to immune checkpoint inhibitors,the role of inflammation in dictating tumor progression and treatment response is still under investigation.Several inflammatory biomarkers have been identified to guide patient prognosis.These include the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,Glasgow prognostic score(GPS)and its modified version,lymphocyte-Creactive protein ratio,and platelet-lymphocyte ratio.However,these markers are not yet included in the standard clinical management of patients with CRC,and further research is needed to evaluate their efficacy in different patient populations.A recent study by Wang et al,published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,sheds light on the prognostic significance of pan-immune-inflammation value(PIV)in CRC,particularly concerning primary tumor location.Specifically,the authors found that a high PIV was strongly correlated with worse disease-free survival in patients with left-sided colon cancer,whereas no such association was observed in patients with right-sided colon cancer.Integrating tumor location into the prognostic assessment of CRC may improve our ability to more accurately identify high-risk patients and develop personalized treatment plans that are more likely to improve patient outcomes.展开更多
文摘Over a century ago,the first clinical and neuropathological insights into major neurodegenerative diseases began to emerge:the description of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)by Alois Alzheimer in 1906,frontotemporal dementia by Arnold Pick in the same years,and Lewy bodies by Friedrich Lewy in 1912.These foundational studies laid the groundwork for the classification of what we now recognize as distinct neurodegenerative entities(Allali,2024).
文摘MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.
文摘Digital twin technology,that creates virtual replicas of physical entities using real-time data and simulation models,has emerged as a transformative innovation across multiple healthcare domains.Its application in physiotherapy and rehabilitation represents a paradigm shift from traditional therapeutic approaches to personalized data-driven interventions that optimize patient outcomes.This narrative review examines the current applications,benefits,challenges,and future prospects of digital twin technology in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,providing a comprehensive analysis of the manner in which this technology is reshaping clinical practice and patient care.A narrative review approach was employed,systematically searching PubMed,IEEE Xplore,Scopus,and Web of Science databases.Studies describing digital twin applications,development methodologies,clinical implementations,and theoretical frameworks in physiotherapy and rehabilitation contexts were included.Digital twin technology demonstrates significant potential in personalizing rehabilitation programs,enabling real-time monitoring of patient progress,predicting treatment outcomes,and facilitating remote therapeutic interventions.Current applications span musculoskeletal rehabilitation,neurological recovery,post surgical care,and sports injury management.Key benefits include enhanced treatment precision,improved patient engagement,reduced healthcare costs,and accelerated recovery times.However,implementation faces challenges including technological complexity,data privacy concerns,interoperability issues,and the need for substantial infrastructure investment.Digital twin technology represents a promising frontier in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized,efficient,and effective patient care.Successful integration requires addressing the current limitations while fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between clinicians,engineers,and data scientists.
基金the Italian Ministry of Health-Ricerca Corrente 2022Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences for supporting this study
文摘Although different studies have associated coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)with the occurrence of liver injury,the hepatic injury route during the COVID-19 course is not yet fully understood.In order to better understand the mechanisms of the disease,the human gut microbiota has been the subject of extensive discussion in the context of COVID-19 pathophysiology.However,many questions remain,including the risks of liver injury due to COVID-19 specific populations.Further research in this field could allow the discovery of new personalized treatment strategies aimed at improving the microbiota composition,thereby reducing COVID-19 severity and its complications in different populations.In this article,we discussed basic mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and recent evidence on the relationship between COVID-19,the gut microbiome and liver injury as well as proposed recommendations for further research.
文摘This paper depicts the definition,elements and connotation of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes,and points out that the culture of innovation consists of conceptual culture,institutional culture,behaviour culture,and park culture.Through analysing the characteristics of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes,it has the following characteristics:stability,openness,systematicness,self-awareness,uniqueness.According to the general law of cultural development,we divide the development of the culture of innovation into cultural diagnosis of institutes,publicity and guidance,content building of the culture of innovation,solidifying and deepening of the culture of innovation,and points out the building path of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes.Finally this paper proposes the countermeasures and suggestions as follows:the building of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes should be combined with long-term development strategy;the building of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes should be combined with service and technology innovation;the building of the culture of innovation in agricultural research institutes should be combined with implementation of various kinds of specific work.
文摘In this study, the welding technology of the hot-rolled extra-high-strength steel, BS960QC, has been comprehensively investigated. Analysis has been made on the weldability ,the different welding procedures ,the mechanical properties, and the fatigue properties, and a set of recommendation guidelines have been proposed for evaluating the welded joints of the extra-high-strength steel. The research and results indicate that the hot-rolled extra-high-strength steel, BS960QC,has good weldability and an excellent adaptability to welding procedures. Further,the excellent mechanical properties and fatigue properties of the welded joints ,which can be achieved by using optimized welding procedures, can completely meet the technical requirements of the construction machinery industry.
文摘This article seeks to emphasize a simplified approach to phylogeny research using complete mitochondrial genomes alone, while touching upon a number of technological perspectives, such as algorithmic selection, which can help improve accuracy and performance in comparative analysis. My results will show that reliable estimations can be obtained by using mitochondrial markers, even among time-extended taxonomical rankings. Six distinct mammalian groups of taxa were selected for comparison. In all cases, mtDNA models generated reliable phylogeny approximations when compared against other independent data, while rendering exceptional computational performance.
文摘HANARO (High-Flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor) is a 30MWth multi-purpose research reactor generating a very high neutron flux for scientific and technical applications. Since its initial criticality in Feb. 1995, it has worked as a national neutron source for neutron beam research, RI production and related research, material and fuel irradiation research, and neutron transmutation doping. The installation of a cold neutron source and related beam instrument makes HANARO serve as a regional source for beam research as well. As Korea is developing nuclear power systems and fuels, irradiation research is a main utilization subject in HANARO, and irradiation facilities have been actively utilized for various nuclear fuel and material irradiation tests requested by users from research institutes, universities, and industries. Most of the irradiation tests were related to the R & D relevant to the ageing management and safety evaluation of the present nuclear power reactors. Korea is conducting R & D programs relevant to new nuclear systems including a research reactor, System-integrated Modular Advanced Reactor (SMART), and future nuclear systems such as a very high temperature reactor system (VHTR) and sodium cooled fast reactor system (SFR). To effectively support the R&D for new nuclear systems, advanced irradiation technologies such as high-temperature irradiation, instrumentation, and long-term irradiation are being developed. In addition, research on the irradiation characteristics of super-conductor materials and new chemical materials is being conducted as a part of fundamental research.
基金fully supported by Government Research Funds for 2021-2022 Academic Year.
文摘The paper presents the research on self-balancing two-wheels mobile robot control system analysis with experimental studies.The research problem in this work is to stabilize the mobile robot with self-control and to carry the sensitive things without failing in a long span period.The main objective of this study is to focus on the mathematical modelling of mobile robot from laboratory scale to real world applications.The numerical expression with mathematical modelling is very important to control the mobile robot system with linearization.The fundamental concepts of dynamic system stability were utilized for maintaining the stability of the constructed mobile robot system.The controller design is also important for checking the stability and the appropriate controller design is proportional,integral,and derivative-PID controller and Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR).The steady state error could be reduced by using such kind of PID controller.The simulation of numerical expression on mathematical modeling was conducted in MATLAB environments.The confirmation results from the simulation techniques were applied to construct the hardware design of mobile robot system for practical study.The results from simulation approaches and experimental approaches are matched in various kinds of analyses.The constructed mobile robot system was designed and analyzed in the control system design laboratory of Yangon Technological University(YTU).
文摘Good afternoon,everyone.I'd like to acknowledge DIA for the invitation.I will spend next 25 minutes to briefly talk about the research in Australia and complementary medicine (CM) there.Most importantly,I'd like to introduce a case that I was involved in the last 10 years,which was about developing a new herbal medicine for vascular dementia (VaD).I would actually highlight the issues in it as well as the experience and lessons.
文摘Composites made from biopolymers and natural fibers are gaining popularity as alternative sustainable structural materials.Biopolyesters including polylactic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),and polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA),when mixed with natural fibers such as kenaf,hemp,and jute,provide an environmentally acceptable alternative to traditional fossil-based materials.This article examines current research on developments in the integration of biopolymers with natural fibers,with a focus on enhancing mechanical,thermal,and sustainability.Innovative approaches to surface treatment of natural fibers,such as biological and chemical treatments,have demonstrated enhanced adhesion with biopolymer matrices,increasing attributes such as tensile strength and rigidity.Furthermore,nano filling technologies such as nanocellulose and nanoparticles have improved the attributes of multifunctional composites,including heat conductivity and moisture resistance.According to performance analysis,biopolymernatural fiber-based composites may compete with synthetic composites in construction applications,particularly in lightweight buildings and automobiles.However,significant issues such as degradation in humid settings and longtermendurancemust be solved.To support a circular economy,solutions involve the development ofmoisture-resistant polymers and composite recycling technology.This article examines current advancements and identifies problems and opportunities to provide insight into the future direction of more inventive and sustainable biocomposites,and also the dangers they pose to green technology and industrial materials.These findings are significant in terms of the development of building materials which are not only competitive but also contribute to global sustainability.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Medical Research Fund,No.D2301010Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,No.RCYX20231211090346060。
文摘Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection remains a major health burden worldwide.To establish a persistence infection,HBV needs to evade both adaptive and innate immune surveillance.Multiple mechanisms for adaptive immunity evasion have been established,but how HBV evades the innate surveillance is less clear.There are three types of host cells involving in the innate immune responses against HBV infection:Hepatocytes,hepatic nonparenchymal cells and conventional innate immune cells.Among these,hepatocytes are the only target cells that are susceptible to HBV infection and the only confirmed site where HBV replication takes place.This review focuses on the hepatocyte-intrinsic innate immunity;one of the earliest host defense responses.After entering hepatocytes,the viral components can be sensed by the cellular pattern recognition receptors.This triggers downstream antiviral responses capable of inhibiting viral replication and even degrading the viral DNA genome directly or indirectly.However,HBV has evolved a variety of sophisticated strategies to evade intracellular immune defense,resulting in the establishment of infection.Here,we provide insights into the mechanisms of the intrinsic innate immune response of hepatocytes and how HBV escapes these defense mechanisms.Hopefully,this will lay the foundation for the development of novel anti-HBV therapies.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2021YFA1101502。
文摘BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells(MSC-EVs)can be used for anti-aging therapy and treating various aging-related diseases.However,the clinical application of MSC-EVs is still limited,mainly due to insufficient in-formation on the preparation process,quality,and mechanism of action of MSC-EVs.To study the biological effects of MSC-EVs in regulating cellular senescence.METHODS In this study,we developed a clinical-grade production process for MSC-EVs and defined the release criteria for products suitable for human use.To support the clinical use of our product as a therapeutic agent,we performed efficacy assays to evaluate the anti-aging capacity of MSC-EVs in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS The functional analysis results revealed that MSC-EVs significantly reduced the levels of senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase,matrix metallopeptidase 1,P21,and interleukin-1βand increased the level of collagen I in a naturally aged cell model of human dermal fibroblasts.Similarly,treatment with MSC-EVs effectively improved D-gal-induced subacute aging in mice,aging-related histopathological changes,oxidative stress,and aging-related gene expression.CONCLUSION These findings indicate that MSC-EVs can partially alleviate D-gal-induced senescence by reducing oxidative stress and regulating metabolism.Overall,these findings strongly suggest that MSC-EVs hold promise for aging therapy.
文摘The critical role of patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs)in enhancing clinical decision-making and promoting patient-centered care has gained a profound significance in scientific research.PROMs encapsulate a patient's health status directly from their perspective,encompassing various domains such as symptom severity,functional status,and overall quality of life.By integrating PROMs into routine clinical practice and research,healthcare providers can achieve a more nuanced understanding of patient experiences and tailor treatments accordingly.The deployment of PROMs supports dynamic patient-provider interactions,fostering better patient engagement and adherence to tre-atment plans.Moreover,PROMs are pivotal in clinical settings for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy,particularly in chronic and mental health conditions.However,challenges in implementing PROMs include data collection and management,integration into existing health systems,and acceptance by patients and providers.Overcoming these barriers necessitates technological advancements,policy development,and continuous education to enhance the acceptability and effectiveness of PROMs.The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and policy-making aimed at optimizing the use and impact of PROMs across healthcare settings.
文摘Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing trend.This aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid individuals.Numerous applications have been developed to support the challenges in intelligent healthcare systems.However,because mental health data is sensitive,privacy concerns have emerged.Federated learning has gotten some attention.This research reviews the studies on federated learning and mental health related to solving the issue of intelligent healthcare systems.It explores various dimensions of federated learning in mental health,such as datasets(their types and sources),applications categorized based on mental health symptoms,federated mental health frameworks,federated machine learning,federated deep learning,and the benefits of federated learning in mental health applications.This research conducts surveys to evaluate the current state of mental health applications,mainly focusing on the role of Federated Learning(FL)and related privacy and data security concerns.The survey provides valuable insights into how these applications are emerging and evolving,specifically emphasizing FL’s impact.
文摘Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear,compromised epithelial barrier integrity is believed to promote susceptibility toIBD and be associated with disease severity, suggesting that improving gut barrierintegrity may palliate or treat IBD. Such a notion gets support from the clinicalfindings that mucosal healing in IBD patients is associated with improvedprognosis, and reduced risk of relapse or colitis-associated cancer. It thereforebecomes critical to understand the intracellular signals that regulate mucosalhealing and gut barrier integrity. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptortyrosine kinase that critically modulates epithelial cell growth and mobility andhas been associated with carcinogenesis. However, studies also suggest that FAKactivation may promote mucosal healing under conditions of colitis, which shouldreduce the risk of colitis-associated cancer. These findings highlight a potentiallytransformative role for FAK in the context of IBD. Understanding the molecularmechanisms by which FAK influences gut barrier repair and mucosal integritycould offer novel therapeutic avenues for treating IBD and preventing its longtermcomplications. This review focuses on the potential role of FAK in promotingcolitis-associated mucosal healing and the underlying molecular mechanismsdriving these processes, offering critical insights into IBD pathogenesis and therapy.
文摘Nitric oxide(NO)is a gaseous molecule produced by 3 different NO synthase(NOS)isoforms:Neural/brain NOS(nNOS/bNOS,type 1),endothelial NOS(eNOS,type 3)and inducible NOS(type 2).Type 1 and 3 NOS are constitutively expressed.NO can serve different purposes:As a vasoactive molecule,as a neurotransmitter or as an immunomodulator.It plays a key role in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury(CIRI).Hypoxic episodes simulate the production of oxygen free radicals,leading to mitochondrial and phospholipid damage.Upon reperfusion,increased levels of oxygen trigger oxide synthases;whose products are associated with neuronal damage by promoting lipid peroxidation,nitrosylation and excitotoxicity.Molecular pathways in CIRI can be altered by NOS.Neuroprotective effects are observed with eNOS activity.While nNOS interplay is prone to endothelial inflammation,oxidative stress and apoptosis.Therefore,nNOS appears to be detrimental.The interaction between NO and other free radicals develops peroxynitrite;which is a cytotoxic agent.It plays a main role in the likelihood of hemorrhagic events by tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA).Peroxynitrite scavengers are currently being studied as potential targets to prevent hemorrhagic transformation in CIRI.
文摘Foot reflexology(FR)is a Chinese-originated and non-invasive complementary therapy increasingly used by functional,alternative and para-medical professionals.Enhance attempts are made to study FR in non-functional organic conditions.The present invited Editorial discusses the application of FR in autoimmune diseases(AD),highlighting a few successful studies demonstrating symptomatic relief and objective improvements.Despite promising results,the FR domain remains under-investigated and an urgent need to confirm and understand the effect of FR in chronic diseases,including AD,is highly recommended.
基金supported by the Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(No.2024-2G-2118)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1000101)+2 种基金the Leading Talents in the Construction Project of High-Level Public Health Technical Talents in Beijing(2022-1-003)the“Green Seedling”Youth Program by the Beijing Hospitals Authority(QML20231402)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by the Beijing Association for Science and Technology(BYESS2022200)。
文摘Objective To investigate the association between ABO blood types and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)risk.Methods A prospective birth cohort study was conducted.ABO blood types were determined using the slide method.GDM diagnosis was based on a 75-g,2-h oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)according to the criteria of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups.Logistic regression was applied to calculate the odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)between ABO blood types and GDM risk.Results A total of 30,740 pregnant women with a mean age of 31.81 years were enrolled in this study.The ABO blood types distribution was:type O(30.99%),type A(26.58%),type B(32.20%),and type AB(10.23%).GDM was identified in 14.44%of participants.Using blood type O as a reference,GDM risk was not significantly higher for types A(OR=1.05)or B(OR=1.04).However,women with type AB had a 19%increased risk of GDM(OR=1.19,95%CI=1.05–1.34;P<0.05),even after adjusting for various factors.This increased risk for type AB was consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses.Conclusion The ABO blood types may influence GDM risk,with type AB associated with a higher risk.Incorporating it—either as a single risk factor or in combination with other known factors—could help identify individuals at risk for GDM before or during early pregnancy.
文摘Despite advances in surgery,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy,the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC)requires more personalized approaches based on tumor biology and molecular profiling.While some relevant mutations have been associated with differential response to immunotherapy,such as RAS and BRAF mutations limiting response to anti-epithelial growth factor receptor drugs or microsatellite instability predisposing susceptibility to immune checkpoint inhibitors,the role of inflammation in dictating tumor progression and treatment response is still under investigation.Several inflammatory biomarkers have been identified to guide patient prognosis.These include the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,Glasgow prognostic score(GPS)and its modified version,lymphocyte-Creactive protein ratio,and platelet-lymphocyte ratio.However,these markers are not yet included in the standard clinical management of patients with CRC,and further research is needed to evaluate their efficacy in different patient populations.A recent study by Wang et al,published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology,sheds light on the prognostic significance of pan-immune-inflammation value(PIV)in CRC,particularly concerning primary tumor location.Specifically,the authors found that a high PIV was strongly correlated with worse disease-free survival in patients with left-sided colon cancer,whereas no such association was observed in patients with right-sided colon cancer.Integrating tumor location into the prognostic assessment of CRC may improve our ability to more accurately identify high-risk patients and develop personalized treatment plans that are more likely to improve patient outcomes.
