BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)are common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality rates.Traditional treatments often yield limited efficacy,especially in advanced c...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)are common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality rates.Traditional treatments often yield limited efficacy,especially in advanced cases.Recent advancements in immunotherapy,particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),have shown promise.However,the expression and interaction of pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1(PES1)and PD-L1 in these cancers remain unclear.Understanding their roles could provide new insights into tumor biology and improve therapeutic strategies.AIM To investigate the expression levels of PES1 and PD-L1 in tumor tissues of patients with GC and HNSCC.METHODS A total of 58 cases of GC and HNSCC undergoing surgical resection were selected from January 2022 to January 2024.Paraffin specimens of GC and HNSCC tissues were taken from the patients,and the sections were subjected to staining with immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the protein expression of PES1 and PD-L1 was observed microscopically.RESULTS Among 58 GC and HNSCC tissues,30 cases were positive and 28 cases were negative for PES1 expression,and 34 cases were positive and 24 cases were negative for PD-L1 expression.The positive expression rates of PES1 and PDL1 were 51.72% and 58.62%,respectively.PES1 expression was correlated with the TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,and the depth of infiltration(P<0.05),and PD-L1 expression was correlated with the differentiation degree,lymph node metastasis,and infiltration depth(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PES1 and PD-L1 were positively expressed in GC and HNSCC tissues and correlated with clinical features.They may serve as potential biomarkers for immune-targeted therapies.展开更多
Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can ...Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can serve as a tumor biomarker,the underlying mechanism in modulating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the aimed was to investigate the CXCL16 expression in HNSCC and to uncover the potential underlying mechanism.Hereby,we determined the high expression of CXCL16 in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,as well as in tissue samples from patients with HNSCC at our central hospital and from HNSCC cell lines.The results showed that CXCL16 knockdown inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HNSCC cells.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing revealed that CXCL16 may affect HNSCC cell growth by regulating the antioxidant pathway of glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were elevated in small interfering CXCL16(si-CXCL16)cells,which may contribute to the inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Moreover,treatment of cells with the GPX1 inhibitor eldecalcitol(ED-71)revealed that HNSCC cell growth was significantly inhibited in the synergistic group of si-CXCL16 and GPX1 inhibitor compared to the si-CXCL16 group.In conclusion,CXCL16 contributed to the development of HNSCC cells by modulating the GPX1-mediated antioxidant pathway.Thus,targeting cellular CXCL16 expression seems to be a promising strategy for treating HNSCC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly a...BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly affect quality of life.Although existing nursing interventions provide some relief,they have limitations in improving swallowing function and developing coping strategies.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of tongue pressure resistance feedback training combined with empowerment education in improving depressive symptoms and swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.METHODS This study included 110 patients with head and neck cancer who exhibited depressive symptoms and underwent radiochemotherapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2021 and December 2023.Patients were randomly assigned to either a reference group or an experimental group,each comprising 55 patients.The reference group received routine care,whereas the experimental group received tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education.After 6 weeks of continuous intervention,comparisons were made between the two groups regarding depressive symptom scores,swallowing function,coping strategies,and quality of life,both pre-and post-intervention.RESULTS Following the intervention,both groups demonstrated decreased scores for depressive symptoms and swallowing function,with the experimental group showing a significantly greater reduction than the reference group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated higher confrontation scores and lower avoidance and submission scores for coping strategies than the reference group(P<0.05).Quality of life scores improved in both groups after the intervention,with the experimental group showing markedly higher scores than the reference group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms,enhancing swallowing function,optimizing coping strategies,and significantly improving the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.This approach shows promise for clinical applications and promotion.展开更多
BACKGROUND Approximately 30%of patients with head and neck cancer experience adverse effects caused by anxiety and depression.Considering the high prevalence,implementing customized interventions to ease adverse emoti...BACKGROUND Approximately 30%of patients with head and neck cancer experience adverse effects caused by anxiety and depression.Considering the high prevalence,implementing customized interventions to ease adverse emotional states is imperative.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)-based psychological interventions in improving the psychological well-being and quality of life(QoL)of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.METHODS This study enrolled 120 patients admitted from February 2022 to February 2024.The control group,comprising 50 participants,received standard supportive psychological care,while the research group,consisting 70 participants,underwent CBT-based interventions.Several clinical outcomes were systematically assessed that included postoperative recovery metrics(duration of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence and length of hospitalization),psychological status(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale),nutritional markers(serum albumin and hemoglobin levels),sleep quality(Self-Rating Scale of Sleep and Athens Insomnia Scale),and QoL(Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck).RESULTS The results demonstrated that the research group experienced superior outcomes,with significantly reduced durations of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence,as well as shorter hospital stays,compared with the control group.Additionally,the research group exhibited markedly lower post-intervention Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Self-Rating Scale of Sleep,and Athens Insomnia Scale scores,along with minimal but higher change in serum albumin and hemoglobin levels compared with the control group.All five domains of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck showed notable improvements in the research group,exceeding those observed in the control group.CONCLUSION CBT-based psychological support positively affects the mental well-being and QoL of patients with laryngeal carcinoma,highlighting its potential for broader clinical application.展开更多
To evaluate the clinical impact of surveillance for head and neck (HN) region with narrow band imaging (NBI) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).METHODSSince 2006, we introduced the surveillance...To evaluate the clinical impact of surveillance for head and neck (HN) region with narrow band imaging (NBI) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).METHODSSince 2006, we introduced the surveillance for HN region using NBI for all patients with ESCC before treatment, and each follow-up. The patients with newly diagnosed stage I to III ESCC were enrolled and classified into two groups as follows: Group A (no surveillance for HN region); between 1992 and 2000), and Group B (surveillance for HN region with NBI; between 2006 and 2008). We comparatively evaluated the detection rate of superficial head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the serious events due to metachronous advanced HNSCC during the follow-up.RESULTSA total 561 patients (group A: 254, group B: 307) were enrolled. Synchronous superficial HNSCC was detected in 1 patient (0.3%) in group A, and in 12 (3.9%) in group B (P = 0.008). During the follow up period, metachronous HNSCC were detected in 10 patients (3.9%) in group A and in 30 patients (9.8%) in group B (P = 0.008). All metachronous lesions in group B were early stage, and 26 patients underwent local resection, however, 6 of 10 patients (60%) in group A lost their laryngeal function and died with metachronous HNSCC.CONCLUSIONSurveillance for the HN region by using NBI endoscopy increase the detection rate of early HNSCC in patients with ESCC, and led to decrease serious events related to advanced metachronous HNSCC.展开更多
Background:p53 and DIRAS3 are tumor suppressors that are frequently silenced in tumors.In this study,we sought to determine whether the concurrent re-expression of p53 and DIRAS3 could effectively induce head and neck...Background:p53 and DIRAS3 are tumor suppressors that are frequently silenced in tumors.In this study,we sought to determine whether the concurrent re-expression of p53 and DIRAS3 could effectively induce head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)cell death.Methods:CAL-27 and SCC-25 cells were treated with Ad-DIRAS3 and rAd-p53 to induce re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 respectively.The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on the growth and apoptosis of HNSCC cells were examined by TUNEL assay,flow cytometric analysis and MTT.The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on Akt phosphorylation,oncogene expression,and the interaction of 4 E-BP1 with eIF4 E were determined by real-time PCR,Western blotting and immunoprecipitation analysis.The ability of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression to induce autophagy was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy,LC3 fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting.The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on HNSCC growth were evaluated by using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model.Results:TUNEL assay and flow cytometric analysis showed that the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 significantly induced apoptosis(P<0.001).MTT and flow cytometric analysis revealed that DIRAS3 and p53 reexpression significantly inhibited proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest(P<0.001).Mechanistically,the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 down-regulated signal transducer and activation of transcription 3(STAT3)and upregulated p21WAF1/CIP1 and Bax(P<0.001).DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression also inhibited Akt phosphorylation,increased the interaction of eIF4 E with 4 E-BP1,and reduced the expression of c-Myc,cyclin D1,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),fibroblast growth factor(FGF),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and Bcl-2(P<0.001).Moreover,the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 increased the percentage of cells with GFP-LC3 puncta compared with that in cells treated with control adenovirus(50.00%±4.55%vs.4.67%±1.25%,P<0.001).LC3 fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting further showed that DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression significantly promoted autophagic activity but also inhibited autophagic flux,resulting in overall impaired autophagy.Finally,the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 significantly decreased the tumor volume compared with the control group in a HNSCC xenograft mouse model[(3.12±0.75)mm^(3) vs.(189.02±17.54)mm^(3),P<0.001].Conclusions:The concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 is a more effective approach to HNSCC treatment than current treatment strategies.展开更多
Spindle cell carcinoma of head and neck, a subtype of squamous cell carcinoma is a unique and rare neoplasm. It has a more aggressive behavior as compared to classical squomous cell carcinoma warranting surgical inter...Spindle cell carcinoma of head and neck, a subtype of squamous cell carcinoma is a unique and rare neoplasm. It has a more aggressive behavior as compared to classical squomous cell carcinoma warranting surgical interventions with wider surgical margins. Immunohistochemistry along with routine histopathology is essential in establishing the diagnosis of spindle cell carcinoma. We at Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, a regional institute for treatment and research, hereby report 40 cases of such lesion with clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study. Out of total 40 cases included in the study group most of the cases were in the age group of 40 to 60 years. Commonest site of presentation was nasopharynx and buccal mucosa. 14 cases of the oral cavity (buccal mucosa, alveolus, oral tongue and hard palate) were treated with surgery. All the cases with disease of the larynx and hypopharynx were treated with radiotherapy and cases involving the nasopharynx received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the surgery group recurrence rate was found to be 71.4% and metastasis rate was 21.4%. Biopsy specimens were subjected to histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical analysis show concurrent presence of malignant epithelial and sarcomatoid spindle cell components by co-expression of cytokeratin (CK) and vimentin to various degrees.展开更多
Pilomatrix Carcinoma (PC) is an exceedingly rare neoplasm. Although it has been described at various anatomical sites, fewer than 25 cases have been reported in the face and scalp. Although early recognition and treat...Pilomatrix Carcinoma (PC) is an exceedingly rare neoplasm. Although it has been described at various anatomical sites, fewer than 25 cases have been reported in the face and scalp. Although early recognition and treatment is paramount in optimization of outcomes for this aggressive carcinoma, the diagnosis is complicated by shared features with its more common benign counterpart. In patients with recurrence or rapid growth of a pilomatrixoma, pilomatrix carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Meningiomas are benign tumors that originate from the meningothelial arachnoid cells,but they rarely develop extracranially.There is no specific surgical guideline for resecting them in the maxillary sinus,...BACKGROUND Meningiomas are benign tumors that originate from the meningothelial arachnoid cells,but they rarely develop extracranially.There is no specific surgical guideline for resecting them in the maxillary sinus,and little is known about their biological behavior and operative management.CASE SUMMARY We present a 54-year-old female patient referred to our department with a primary extracranial meningioma that presented as buccal swelling associated with headache.On clinical examination the mass was non-tender,fixed,sessile and non-pulsatile situating in the right maxillary sinus.Computed tomography scan showed a well-defined mass of 7 cm×6 cm×6 cm compressing the surrounding structures.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well circumscribed heterogenous lesion with necrotic center and relatively hypointense on T2-weighted imaging.Imaging studies revealed no evidence of intracranial extension and metastatic nests.Biopsy showed grade I primary extracranial with low mitotic activity.Total maxillectomy with excision of tumor and adjacent paranasal structures following reconstruction of the orbit and maxilla with tissue patch was done by the maxillofacial surgeon.The biopsy reported fibrous meningioma based on the hematoxylin and eosin section.On immunohistochemistry the tumor cells were positive for vimentin,focally positive for epithelial membrane antigen and CD99 and negative for signal transducer and activator of transcription 6.The mass was removed surgically with reconstruction,and the pathological studies confirmed the diagnosis to be an extracranial meningioma.The present study briefly reviews the current knowledge concerning the diagnosis and treatment of extracranial meningiomas in the head and neck area and offers suggestions for managing extracranial meningiomas in the paranasal sinuses.CONCLUSION To conclude,extracranial meningiomas in the paranasal sinuses may be successfully managed by surgical treatment without evident post-surgery complications.展开更多
Objective: To investigate for the feasibility and advantages performed by the unilateral big hockey stick incision (BHSI) in head and neck carcinoma. Methods: Neck dissection by using the unilateral big hockey stick i...Objective: To investigate for the feasibility and advantages performed by the unilateral big hockey stick incision (BHSI) in head and neck carcinoma. Methods: Neck dissection by using the unilateral big hockey stick incision (BHSI) was performed on 93 patients with head and neck carcinoma. Results: The big hockey stick incision has a cosmetic scar and not scar contraction and is barely visible and easily covered in hair and clothing; sufficient exposure of the operation field; a small area of marginal necrosis was occasionally seen at the apex of the skin flap due to having preoperative radiotherapy. Conclusion: The unilateral big hockey stick incision has adequate surgical access, good healing of skin flaps, and a good cosmetic result.展开更多
Introduction: The goal of this study was to analyze the causes of death in patients with loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the head and neck treated with multimodality treatment. Materiel: Th...Introduction: The goal of this study was to analyze the causes of death in patients with loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the head and neck treated with multimodality treatment. Materiel: The mortality records of 138 advanced head and neck patients treated in our department with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy from 2007 to 2013 were collected and reviewed in this study.?Results: From May 2007 to January 2013, 138 patients were followed up with a median follow-up duration of 25 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) were 45%, and 56.1%, respectively. A total of 39 patients (28%) died during the follow-up period. Clearly, in this population, loco-regional relapse accounted for one of the most cause of death but acute and late or chronic treatment-associated causes leading to death occurred in almost 8% of the patients. Furthermore, the risk of death from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was greater in patients with hypopharynx cancer. Univariate analysis indicated that patients with N2b disease and above and vascular tumor embolism had a lower overall survival (p = 0.001 and p = 0.007 respectively). The multivariate analysis showed that N2b disease and above was an independent prognostic factor for poorer loco-regional control (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy are potentially curable but face significant risks of mortality from causes other than disease progression.展开更多
The head and neck region encompasses structures from the base of the skull to the clavicles which include nasopharynx,oropharynx,hypopharynx,larynx and oral cavity.Tobacco,alcohol,and human papilloma virus(HPV)infecti...The head and neck region encompasses structures from the base of the skull to the clavicles which include nasopharynx,oropharynx,hypopharynx,larynx and oral cavity.Tobacco,alcohol,and human papilloma virus(HPV)infection are the three major risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)in different countries.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To summarize our clinical experience in treating 31 patients with neck masses undergoing carotid artery resection without arterial anastomosis （vascular reconstruction） in Tianjin Cancer Hospital during a ...OBJECTIVE To summarize our clinical experience in treating 31 patients with neck masses undergoing carotid artery resection without arterial anastomosis （vascular reconstruction） in Tianjin Cancer Hospital during a period from 1979 to 2002. METHODS Preoperatively, patients were instructed to apply pressure to the carotid artery. Tumor excision combined with carotid artery resection （TECCAR） was conducted after an accurate testing of valid cerebral blood supply and compensation. RESULTS Among the study patients, 17 were male and 14 female, with the age ranging from 14 to 58 years. Of the 31 cases, 23 were carotid body tumors （8 malignant）, 2 vagal body tumors （1 malignant）, 4 carotid aneurysms, and 2 were metastatic tumors from the cervix involving carotid artery. Of the patients, a subtotal resection of the head and neck masses was conducted in 22 cases. Intraoperative death did not cerebrovascular complications occur, and postoperative CNS or （CVC） were not found. CONCLUSION TECCAR without arterial anastomosis is a safe and feasible procedure. In addition, this method of surgery has more advantages in comparison to an arterial anastomosis： i） Tumor resection was more complete, ii） Complications such as thrombus, infection, and lethal hemorrhage etc., were rare after surgery; iii） Postoperative radiotherapy, if needed, would be safe and acceptable; iv） It was a more simplified operational procedure.展开更多
Head and neck cancers become a severe threat to human’s health nowadays and represent the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Surgery remains the first-line choice for head and neck cancer patients. Limited resectabl...Head and neck cancers become a severe threat to human’s health nowadays and represent the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Surgery remains the first-line choice for head and neck cancer patients. Limited resectable tissue mass and complicated anatomy structures in the head and neck region put the surgeons in a dilemma between the extensive resection and a better quality of life for the patients. Early diagnosis and treatment of the pre-malignancies, as well as real-time in vivo detection of surgical margins during en bloc resection, could be leveraged to minimize the resection of normal tissues. With the understanding of the head and neck oncology, recent advances in optical hardware and reagents have provided unique opportunities for real-time pre-malignancies and cancer imaging in the clinic or operating room. Optical imaging in the head and neck has been reported using autofluorescence imaging, targeted fluorescence imaging, high-resolution microendoscopy, narrow band imaging and the Raman spectroscopy. In this study, we reviewed the basic theories and clinical applications of optical imaging for the diagnosis and treatment in the field of head and neck oncology with the goal of identifying limitations and facilitating future advancements in the field.展开更多
Background:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a prevalent form of cancer globally,with chemoresistance posing a major challenge in treatment outcomes.The efficacy of the commonly used chemotherapeutic agent...Background:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a prevalent form of cancer globally,with chemoresistance posing a major challenge in treatment outcomes.The efficacy of the commonly used chemotherapeutic agent,cisplatin,is diminished in patients with poor prognoses.Methods:Various bioinformatics databases were utilized to examine Carboxylesterase 1(CES1)gene expression,clinicopathologic features,patient survival analysis,and gene function.An organoid model of HNSCC was established,along with the induction of drug-resistant HNSCC in the organoid model.CES1 expression was assessed using qRT-PCR and Western Blot,and differential markers were identified through transcriptome sequencing.Knockdown and overexpression models of CES1 were created in SCC-9 and patient-derived organoid(PDO)cells using shRNA and lentivirus to investigate the tumor biology and cisplatin resistance associated with CES1.Results:Research in bioinformatics has uncovered a strong correlation between the expression level of CES1 and the prognosis of HNSCC.The data suggests a significant link between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking.RNA-sequencing revealed a notable increase in CES1 expression in HNSCC-PDOcis-R cells compared to the parental PDO cells.Subsequently,we performed in vitro studies by HNSCC-PDO and SCC-9 and found that CES1-overexpressing cells exhibited reduced sensitivity to cisplatin and stronger tumor malignant biological behavior compared with CES1-knockdown cells.Conclusion:The observed association between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking implies a potential influence of smoking on the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in HNSCC through the regulation of CES1 expression.展开更多
[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term su...[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term suspension transfection for organoid in matrigel. [Methods] Advanced DMEM/F12 medium, GlutaMax and HEPES buffer, nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, B27, A83-01, EGF, Y-27632 and Primocin primary cell antibiotics were prepared. On this basis, fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10), Neuregulin 1, Noggin and R-spondin-1 were added in turn to prepare the selection medium, and the organoid diameter was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of organoid medium. Using lentivirus, mCherry red fluorescent protein was transfected into HNSCC—PDO in different ways, and the transfection effect was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity of organoid sphere. [Results] Nrg1 Noggin and R-Spondin-1 promoted the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P<0.05) while FGF10 did not significantly promote the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P>0.05). Compared with direct transfection, short-term suspension transfection had higher transfection efficiency for HNSCC—PDO in matrigel. [Conclusions] R-Spondin-1 Nrg1 and Noggin may be the key cytokines in culture of HNSCC—PDO whereas FGF10 played an insignificant role in this study. Short-term suspension transfection could improve the transfection efficiency of lentivirus to HNSCC—PDO.展开更多
Introduction: In India, 57% of patients with head and neck cancers are documented with nutritional compromise. Active nutritional support has been shown to improve outcomes and reduce the cost of treatment in severely...Introduction: In India, 57% of patients with head and neck cancers are documented with nutritional compromise. Active nutritional support has been shown to improve outcomes and reduce the cost of treatment in severely malnourished patients. The assessment of nutritional status should be a priority when initiating medical nutrition therapy. We evaluated the agreement between Subjective and Objective evaluation of pre-operative nutrition status of head and neck cancer patients in a tertiary cancer centre. Methods: Two hundred and thirty seven head and neck cancer patients who underwent surgery were eligible. The patients included both males (147) and females (90) with age varying between 23 - 88 years. All patients were screened for pre-operative nutrition status objectively as well as subjectively. The association of pre-operative SGA scores (A, B and C) subjectively, and PNS score (0, 1, 2) objectively were tested for statistical significance. Results: The cancer sites included tongue in 82, buccal mucosa in 30, thyroid in 28, alveolus in 18, glottis in 10, RMT in 10, nasal cavity in 9, FOM in 8. The pre-operative nutrition status based on subjective scores are A in 156 (65.8%), B in 75 (32%) and C in 6 (2.5%). The objective parameters obtained on the basis of BMI, % weight loss, PNI and S. albumin values are PNS 0 in 161 (67.9%), PNS 1 in 71 (30%) and PNS 2 in 5 (2.1%) patients. As the kappa coefficient p-0.56, there is moderate agreement between the pre-operative nutrition status subjectively as well as objectively. Conclusion: Subjective global assessment is a simple and inexpensive way to screen the pre-operative nutrition status when compared to the other objective assessment tool. SGA has moderate agreement with expensive and complicated objective assessment tools. So it can be a reliable tool for assessing the pre-operative nutrition status.展开更多
Major resections of bone tumors of the head and neck, owing to their small dimensions and their proximity to the organs in this region, cause important functional and aesthetic problems that significantly compromise p...Major resections of bone tumors of the head and neck, owing to their small dimensions and their proximity to the organs in this region, cause important functional and aesthetic problems that significantly compromise patients’ quality of life. Therefore, therapeutic planning should always extend beyond the resection to include functional and aesthetic reconstruction, preferably immediately. Microsurgical reconstruction represents a significant advance, but has not yet been perfected. Rapid prototyping (RP) comes as a new technology for the purpose of assisting the surgeon in the visual and tactile aspects of surgery, providing diagnostic accuracy and increasing the success of surgical planning. The authors demonstrate the technological advances in the manufacture of customized mandibular prostheses with the assistance of RP and practical applications of these methods.展开更多
Against the backdrop of the gradual deepening of interest rate liberalization,the decline in effective credit demand,the intensification of competitive involution among commercial banks,and the complex international e...Against the backdrop of the gradual deepening of interest rate liberalization,the decline in effective credit demand,the intensification of competitive involution among commercial banks,and the complex international economic and trade situation,commercial banks in China's mainland have entered a stage of low interest rates and narrow interest margins.Coupled with the continuous exposure of risks in retail customer groups and small and micro enterprises,many commercial banks have chosen to phase in expanding and strengthening their corporate business segments to smoothly navigate economic cycles and enhance operational resilience and sustainability.How the corporate business segment optimizes its asset-liability structure through asset allocation to achieve high-quality development is a major issue worthy of consideration by the entire industry.From the perspective of a medium-sized national commercial bank,this paper explores and proposes four key basic customer groups,six asset allocation models,and fourteen key industries for layout,for reference,and research.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)are common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality rates.Traditional treatments often yield limited efficacy,especially in advanced cases.Recent advancements in immunotherapy,particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1),have shown promise.However,the expression and interaction of pescadillo ribosomal biogenesis factor 1(PES1)and PD-L1 in these cancers remain unclear.Understanding their roles could provide new insights into tumor biology and improve therapeutic strategies.AIM To investigate the expression levels of PES1 and PD-L1 in tumor tissues of patients with GC and HNSCC.METHODS A total of 58 cases of GC and HNSCC undergoing surgical resection were selected from January 2022 to January 2024.Paraffin specimens of GC and HNSCC tissues were taken from the patients,and the sections were subjected to staining with immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the protein expression of PES1 and PD-L1 was observed microscopically.RESULTS Among 58 GC and HNSCC tissues,30 cases were positive and 28 cases were negative for PES1 expression,and 34 cases were positive and 24 cases were negative for PD-L1 expression.The positive expression rates of PES1 and PDL1 were 51.72% and 58.62%,respectively.PES1 expression was correlated with the TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,and the depth of infiltration(P<0.05),and PD-L1 expression was correlated with the differentiation degree,lymph node metastasis,and infiltration depth(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PES1 and PD-L1 were positively expressed in GC and HNSCC tissues and correlated with clinical features.They may serve as potential biomarkers for immune-targeted therapies.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of the National Health Commission-Zhejiang Provincial Health Major Science and Technology Plan Project(No.WKJ-ZJ-2415)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2024C03166)+1 种基金the Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2022ZB020)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY21H160049).
文摘Numerous studies have demonstrated that the high expression of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16(CXCL16)in cancer correlates with poor prognosis,as well as tumor cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.While CXCL16 can serve as a tumor biomarker,the underlying mechanism in modulating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)remains unclear.In this study,the aimed was to investigate the CXCL16 expression in HNSCC and to uncover the potential underlying mechanism.Hereby,we determined the high expression of CXCL16 in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,as well as in tissue samples from patients with HNSCC at our central hospital and from HNSCC cell lines.The results showed that CXCL16 knockdown inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion of HNSCC cells.Mechanistically,transcriptome sequencing revealed that CXCL16 may affect HNSCC cell growth by regulating the antioxidant pathway of glutathione peroxidase 1(GPX1).The reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were elevated in small interfering CXCL16(si-CXCL16)cells,which may contribute to the inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Moreover,treatment of cells with the GPX1 inhibitor eldecalcitol(ED-71)revealed that HNSCC cell growth was significantly inhibited in the synergistic group of si-CXCL16 and GPX1 inhibitor compared to the si-CXCL16 group.In conclusion,CXCL16 contributed to the development of HNSCC cells by modulating the GPX1-mediated antioxidant pathway.Thus,targeting cellular CXCL16 expression seems to be a promising strategy for treating HNSCC.
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with head and neck cancer often develop depressive symptoms during radiochemotherapy due to changes in saliva secretion,radiation-induced oral mucositis,and dysphagia.These symptoms significantly affect quality of life.Although existing nursing interventions provide some relief,they have limitations in improving swallowing function and developing coping strategies.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of tongue pressure resistance feedback training combined with empowerment education in improving depressive symptoms and swallowing function in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.METHODS This study included 110 patients with head and neck cancer who exhibited depressive symptoms and underwent radiochemotherapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University between January 2021 and December 2023.Patients were randomly assigned to either a reference group or an experimental group,each comprising 55 patients.The reference group received routine care,whereas the experimental group received tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education.After 6 weeks of continuous intervention,comparisons were made between the two groups regarding depressive symptom scores,swallowing function,coping strategies,and quality of life,both pre-and post-intervention.RESULTS Following the intervention,both groups demonstrated decreased scores for depressive symptoms and swallowing function,with the experimental group showing a significantly greater reduction than the reference group(P<0.05).The experimental group also demonstrated higher confrontation scores and lower avoidance and submission scores for coping strategies than the reference group(P<0.05).Quality of life scores improved in both groups after the intervention,with the experimental group showing markedly higher scores than the reference group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of tongue pressure resistance feedback training and empowerment education is effective in alleviating depressive symptoms,enhancing swallowing function,optimizing coping strategies,and significantly improving the quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiochemotherapy.This approach shows promise for clinical applications and promotion.
文摘BACKGROUND Approximately 30%of patients with head and neck cancer experience adverse effects caused by anxiety and depression.Considering the high prevalence,implementing customized interventions to ease adverse emotional states is imperative.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)-based psychological interventions in improving the psychological well-being and quality of life(QoL)of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.METHODS This study enrolled 120 patients admitted from February 2022 to February 2024.The control group,comprising 50 participants,received standard supportive psychological care,while the research group,consisting 70 participants,underwent CBT-based interventions.Several clinical outcomes were systematically assessed that included postoperative recovery metrics(duration of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence and length of hospitalization),psychological status(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale),nutritional markers(serum albumin and hemoglobin levels),sleep quality(Self-Rating Scale of Sleep and Athens Insomnia Scale),and QoL(Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck).RESULTS The results demonstrated that the research group experienced superior outcomes,with significantly reduced durations of tracheostomy and nasogastric tube dependence,as well as shorter hospital stays,compared with the control group.Additionally,the research group exhibited markedly lower post-intervention Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Self-Rating Scale of Sleep,and Athens Insomnia Scale scores,along with minimal but higher change in serum albumin and hemoglobin levels compared with the control group.All five domains of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck showed notable improvements in the research group,exceeding those observed in the control group.CONCLUSION CBT-based psychological support positively affects the mental well-being and QoL of patients with laryngeal carcinoma,highlighting its potential for broader clinical application.
文摘To evaluate the clinical impact of surveillance for head and neck (HN) region with narrow band imaging (NBI) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).METHODSSince 2006, we introduced the surveillance for HN region using NBI for all patients with ESCC before treatment, and each follow-up. The patients with newly diagnosed stage I to III ESCC were enrolled and classified into two groups as follows: Group A (no surveillance for HN region); between 1992 and 2000), and Group B (surveillance for HN region with NBI; between 2006 and 2008). We comparatively evaluated the detection rate of superficial head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the serious events due to metachronous advanced HNSCC during the follow-up.RESULTSA total 561 patients (group A: 254, group B: 307) were enrolled. Synchronous superficial HNSCC was detected in 1 patient (0.3%) in group A, and in 12 (3.9%) in group B (P = 0.008). During the follow up period, metachronous HNSCC were detected in 10 patients (3.9%) in group A and in 30 patients (9.8%) in group B (P = 0.008). All metachronous lesions in group B were early stage, and 26 patients underwent local resection, however, 6 of 10 patients (60%) in group A lost their laryngeal function and died with metachronous HNSCC.CONCLUSIONSurveillance for the HN region by using NBI endoscopy increase the detection rate of early HNSCC in patients with ESCC, and led to decrease serious events related to advanced metachronous HNSCC.
基金supported by Funding for the Basic Research of the Ministry of Sciences and Technology,Sichuan Province(2015JY0090)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81972546,81602373)。
文摘Background:p53 and DIRAS3 are tumor suppressors that are frequently silenced in tumors.In this study,we sought to determine whether the concurrent re-expression of p53 and DIRAS3 could effectively induce head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)cell death.Methods:CAL-27 and SCC-25 cells were treated with Ad-DIRAS3 and rAd-p53 to induce re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 respectively.The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on the growth and apoptosis of HNSCC cells were examined by TUNEL assay,flow cytometric analysis and MTT.The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on Akt phosphorylation,oncogene expression,and the interaction of 4 E-BP1 with eIF4 E were determined by real-time PCR,Western blotting and immunoprecipitation analysis.The ability of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression to induce autophagy was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy,LC3 fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting.The effects of DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression on HNSCC growth were evaluated by using an orthotopic xenograft mouse model.Results:TUNEL assay and flow cytometric analysis showed that the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 significantly induced apoptosis(P<0.001).MTT and flow cytometric analysis revealed that DIRAS3 and p53 reexpression significantly inhibited proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest(P<0.001).Mechanistically,the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 down-regulated signal transducer and activation of transcription 3(STAT3)and upregulated p21WAF1/CIP1 and Bax(P<0.001).DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression also inhibited Akt phosphorylation,increased the interaction of eIF4 E with 4 E-BP1,and reduced the expression of c-Myc,cyclin D1,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),fibroblast growth factor(FGF),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and Bcl-2(P<0.001).Moreover,the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 increased the percentage of cells with GFP-LC3 puncta compared with that in cells treated with control adenovirus(50.00%±4.55%vs.4.67%±1.25%,P<0.001).LC3 fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting further showed that DIRAS3 and p53 re-expression significantly promoted autophagic activity but also inhibited autophagic flux,resulting in overall impaired autophagy.Finally,the concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 significantly decreased the tumor volume compared with the control group in a HNSCC xenograft mouse model[(3.12±0.75)mm^(3) vs.(189.02±17.54)mm^(3),P<0.001].Conclusions:The concurrent re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 is a more effective approach to HNSCC treatment than current treatment strategies.
文摘Spindle cell carcinoma of head and neck, a subtype of squamous cell carcinoma is a unique and rare neoplasm. It has a more aggressive behavior as compared to classical squomous cell carcinoma warranting surgical interventions with wider surgical margins. Immunohistochemistry along with routine histopathology is essential in establishing the diagnosis of spindle cell carcinoma. We at Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, a regional institute for treatment and research, hereby report 40 cases of such lesion with clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study. Out of total 40 cases included in the study group most of the cases were in the age group of 40 to 60 years. Commonest site of presentation was nasopharynx and buccal mucosa. 14 cases of the oral cavity (buccal mucosa, alveolus, oral tongue and hard palate) were treated with surgery. All the cases with disease of the larynx and hypopharynx were treated with radiotherapy and cases involving the nasopharynx received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the surgery group recurrence rate was found to be 71.4% and metastasis rate was 21.4%. Biopsy specimens were subjected to histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical analysis show concurrent presence of malignant epithelial and sarcomatoid spindle cell components by co-expression of cytokeratin (CK) and vimentin to various degrees.
文摘Pilomatrix Carcinoma (PC) is an exceedingly rare neoplasm. Although it has been described at various anatomical sites, fewer than 25 cases have been reported in the face and scalp. Although early recognition and treatment is paramount in optimization of outcomes for this aggressive carcinoma, the diagnosis is complicated by shared features with its more common benign counterpart. In patients with recurrence or rapid growth of a pilomatrixoma, pilomatrix carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Meningiomas are benign tumors that originate from the meningothelial arachnoid cells,but they rarely develop extracranially.There is no specific surgical guideline for resecting them in the maxillary sinus,and little is known about their biological behavior and operative management.CASE SUMMARY We present a 54-year-old female patient referred to our department with a primary extracranial meningioma that presented as buccal swelling associated with headache.On clinical examination the mass was non-tender,fixed,sessile and non-pulsatile situating in the right maxillary sinus.Computed tomography scan showed a well-defined mass of 7 cm×6 cm×6 cm compressing the surrounding structures.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well circumscribed heterogenous lesion with necrotic center and relatively hypointense on T2-weighted imaging.Imaging studies revealed no evidence of intracranial extension and metastatic nests.Biopsy showed grade I primary extracranial with low mitotic activity.Total maxillectomy with excision of tumor and adjacent paranasal structures following reconstruction of the orbit and maxilla with tissue patch was done by the maxillofacial surgeon.The biopsy reported fibrous meningioma based on the hematoxylin and eosin section.On immunohistochemistry the tumor cells were positive for vimentin,focally positive for epithelial membrane antigen and CD99 and negative for signal transducer and activator of transcription 6.The mass was removed surgically with reconstruction,and the pathological studies confirmed the diagnosis to be an extracranial meningioma.The present study briefly reviews the current knowledge concerning the diagnosis and treatment of extracranial meningiomas in the head and neck area and offers suggestions for managing extracranial meningiomas in the paranasal sinuses.CONCLUSION To conclude,extracranial meningiomas in the paranasal sinuses may be successfully managed by surgical treatment without evident post-surgery complications.
文摘Objective: To investigate for the feasibility and advantages performed by the unilateral big hockey stick incision (BHSI) in head and neck carcinoma. Methods: Neck dissection by using the unilateral big hockey stick incision (BHSI) was performed on 93 patients with head and neck carcinoma. Results: The big hockey stick incision has a cosmetic scar and not scar contraction and is barely visible and easily covered in hair and clothing; sufficient exposure of the operation field; a small area of marginal necrosis was occasionally seen at the apex of the skin flap due to having preoperative radiotherapy. Conclusion: The unilateral big hockey stick incision has adequate surgical access, good healing of skin flaps, and a good cosmetic result.
文摘Introduction: The goal of this study was to analyze the causes of death in patients with loco-regionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of the head and neck treated with multimodality treatment. Materiel: The mortality records of 138 advanced head and neck patients treated in our department with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy from 2007 to 2013 were collected and reviewed in this study.?Results: From May 2007 to January 2013, 138 patients were followed up with a median follow-up duration of 25 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) were 45%, and 56.1%, respectively. A total of 39 patients (28%) died during the follow-up period. Clearly, in this population, loco-regional relapse accounted for one of the most cause of death but acute and late or chronic treatment-associated causes leading to death occurred in almost 8% of the patients. Furthermore, the risk of death from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was greater in patients with hypopharynx cancer. Univariate analysis indicated that patients with N2b disease and above and vascular tumor embolism had a lower overall survival (p = 0.001 and p = 0.007 respectively). The multivariate analysis showed that N2b disease and above was an independent prognostic factor for poorer loco-regional control (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy are potentially curable but face significant risks of mortality from causes other than disease progression.
文摘The head and neck region encompasses structures from the base of the skull to the clavicles which include nasopharynx,oropharynx,hypopharynx,larynx and oral cavity.Tobacco,alcohol,and human papilloma virus(HPV)infection are the three major risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)in different countries.
文摘OBJECTIVE To summarize our clinical experience in treating 31 patients with neck masses undergoing carotid artery resection without arterial anastomosis （vascular reconstruction） in Tianjin Cancer Hospital during a period from 1979 to 2002. METHODS Preoperatively, patients were instructed to apply pressure to the carotid artery. Tumor excision combined with carotid artery resection （TECCAR） was conducted after an accurate testing of valid cerebral blood supply and compensation. RESULTS Among the study patients, 17 were male and 14 female, with the age ranging from 14 to 58 years. Of the 31 cases, 23 were carotid body tumors （8 malignant）, 2 vagal body tumors （1 malignant）, 4 carotid aneurysms, and 2 were metastatic tumors from the cervix involving carotid artery. Of the patients, a subtotal resection of the head and neck masses was conducted in 22 cases. Intraoperative death did not cerebrovascular complications occur, and postoperative CNS or （CVC） were not found. CONCLUSION TECCAR without arterial anastomosis is a safe and feasible procedure. In addition, this method of surgery has more advantages in comparison to an arterial anastomosis： i） Tumor resection was more complete, ii） Complications such as thrombus, infection, and lethal hemorrhage etc., were rare after surgery; iii） Postoperative radiotherapy, if needed, would be safe and acceptable; iv） It was a more simplified operational procedure.
基金supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81621062)
文摘Head and neck cancers become a severe threat to human’s health nowadays and represent the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Surgery remains the first-line choice for head and neck cancer patients. Limited resectable tissue mass and complicated anatomy structures in the head and neck region put the surgeons in a dilemma between the extensive resection and a better quality of life for the patients. Early diagnosis and treatment of the pre-malignancies, as well as real-time in vivo detection of surgical margins during en bloc resection, could be leveraged to minimize the resection of normal tissues. With the understanding of the head and neck oncology, recent advances in optical hardware and reagents have provided unique opportunities for real-time pre-malignancies and cancer imaging in the clinic or operating room. Optical imaging in the head and neck has been reported using autofluorescence imaging, targeted fluorescence imaging, high-resolution microendoscopy, narrow band imaging and the Raman spectroscopy. In this study, we reviewed the basic theories and clinical applications of optical imaging for the diagnosis and treatment in the field of head and neck oncology with the goal of identifying limitations and facilitating future advancements in the field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160386)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2024GXNSFDA010032,2023GXNSFAA026189).
文摘Background:Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a prevalent form of cancer globally,with chemoresistance posing a major challenge in treatment outcomes.The efficacy of the commonly used chemotherapeutic agent,cisplatin,is diminished in patients with poor prognoses.Methods:Various bioinformatics databases were utilized to examine Carboxylesterase 1(CES1)gene expression,clinicopathologic features,patient survival analysis,and gene function.An organoid model of HNSCC was established,along with the induction of drug-resistant HNSCC in the organoid model.CES1 expression was assessed using qRT-PCR and Western Blot,and differential markers were identified through transcriptome sequencing.Knockdown and overexpression models of CES1 were created in SCC-9 and patient-derived organoid(PDO)cells using shRNA and lentivirus to investigate the tumor biology and cisplatin resistance associated with CES1.Results:Research in bioinformatics has uncovered a strong correlation between the expression level of CES1 and the prognosis of HNSCC.The data suggests a significant link between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking.RNA-sequencing revealed a notable increase in CES1 expression in HNSCC-PDOcis-R cells compared to the parental PDO cells.Subsequently,we performed in vitro studies by HNSCC-PDO and SCC-9 and found that CES1-overexpressing cells exhibited reduced sensitivity to cisplatin and stronger tumor malignant biological behavior compared with CES1-knockdown cells.Conclusion:The observed association between CES1 expression and tobacco smoking implies a potential influence of smoking on the efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in HNSCC through the regulation of CES1 expression.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(82160386)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2023GXNSFAA0261892021GXNSFAA075042)。
文摘[Objectives] To optimize the culture medium for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patient-derived organoid and screen suitable cytokines;compare the transfection efficiency of direct transfection and short-term suspension transfection for organoid in matrigel. [Methods] Advanced DMEM/F12 medium, GlutaMax and HEPES buffer, nicotinamide, N-acetylcysteine, B27, A83-01, EGF, Y-27632 and Primocin primary cell antibiotics were prepared. On this basis, fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10), Neuregulin 1, Noggin and R-spondin-1 were added in turn to prepare the selection medium, and the organoid diameter was used as the evaluation index to evaluate the effect of organoid medium. Using lentivirus, mCherry red fluorescent protein was transfected into HNSCC—PDO in different ways, and the transfection effect was evaluated by the fluorescence intensity of organoid sphere. [Results] Nrg1 Noggin and R-Spondin-1 promoted the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P<0.05) while FGF10 did not significantly promote the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma sphere(P>0.05). Compared with direct transfection, short-term suspension transfection had higher transfection efficiency for HNSCC—PDO in matrigel. [Conclusions] R-Spondin-1 Nrg1 and Noggin may be the key cytokines in culture of HNSCC—PDO whereas FGF10 played an insignificant role in this study. Short-term suspension transfection could improve the transfection efficiency of lentivirus to HNSCC—PDO.
文摘Introduction: In India, 57% of patients with head and neck cancers are documented with nutritional compromise. Active nutritional support has been shown to improve outcomes and reduce the cost of treatment in severely malnourished patients. The assessment of nutritional status should be a priority when initiating medical nutrition therapy. We evaluated the agreement between Subjective and Objective evaluation of pre-operative nutrition status of head and neck cancer patients in a tertiary cancer centre. Methods: Two hundred and thirty seven head and neck cancer patients who underwent surgery were eligible. The patients included both males (147) and females (90) with age varying between 23 - 88 years. All patients were screened for pre-operative nutrition status objectively as well as subjectively. The association of pre-operative SGA scores (A, B and C) subjectively, and PNS score (0, 1, 2) objectively were tested for statistical significance. Results: The cancer sites included tongue in 82, buccal mucosa in 30, thyroid in 28, alveolus in 18, glottis in 10, RMT in 10, nasal cavity in 9, FOM in 8. The pre-operative nutrition status based on subjective scores are A in 156 (65.8%), B in 75 (32%) and C in 6 (2.5%). The objective parameters obtained on the basis of BMI, % weight loss, PNI and S. albumin values are PNS 0 in 161 (67.9%), PNS 1 in 71 (30%) and PNS 2 in 5 (2.1%) patients. As the kappa coefficient p-0.56, there is moderate agreement between the pre-operative nutrition status subjectively as well as objectively. Conclusion: Subjective global assessment is a simple and inexpensive way to screen the pre-operative nutrition status when compared to the other objective assessment tool. SGA has moderate agreement with expensive and complicated objective assessment tools. So it can be a reliable tool for assessing the pre-operative nutrition status.
文摘Major resections of bone tumors of the head and neck, owing to their small dimensions and their proximity to the organs in this region, cause important functional and aesthetic problems that significantly compromise patients’ quality of life. Therefore, therapeutic planning should always extend beyond the resection to include functional and aesthetic reconstruction, preferably immediately. Microsurgical reconstruction represents a significant advance, but has not yet been perfected. Rapid prototyping (RP) comes as a new technology for the purpose of assisting the surgeon in the visual and tactile aspects of surgery, providing diagnostic accuracy and increasing the success of surgical planning. The authors demonstrate the technological advances in the manufacture of customized mandibular prostheses with the assistance of RP and practical applications of these methods.
文摘Against the backdrop of the gradual deepening of interest rate liberalization,the decline in effective credit demand,the intensification of competitive involution among commercial banks,and the complex international economic and trade situation,commercial banks in China's mainland have entered a stage of low interest rates and narrow interest margins.Coupled with the continuous exposure of risks in retail customer groups and small and micro enterprises,many commercial banks have chosen to phase in expanding and strengthening their corporate business segments to smoothly navigate economic cycles and enhance operational resilience and sustainability.How the corporate business segment optimizes its asset-liability structure through asset allocation to achieve high-quality development is a major issue worthy of consideration by the entire industry.From the perspective of a medium-sized national commercial bank,this paper explores and proposes four key basic customer groups,six asset allocation models,and fourteen key industries for layout,for reference,and research.
