This narrative review examines recent advances in salivary biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),a major subtype of oral cancer with persistently low five-year survival rates due to delayed diagnosis.Saliv...This narrative review examines recent advances in salivary biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),a major subtype of oral cancer with persistently low five-year survival rates due to delayed diagnosis.Saliva has emerged as a noninvasive diagnostic medium capable of reflecting both local tumor activity and systemic physiological changes.Various salivary biomarkers,including microRNAs,cytokines,proteins,metabolites,and exosomes,have been linked to oncogenic signaling pathways involved in tumor progression,immune modulation,and therapeutic resistance.Advances in quantitative polymerase chain reaction,mass spectrometry,and next-generation sequencing have enabled comprehensive biomarker profiling,while point-of-care detection systems and saliva-based omics platforms are accelerating clinical translation.Remaining challenges include variability in salivary composition,lack of standardized collection protocols,and insufficient validation across large patient cohorts.This review highlights the mechanistic relevance,diagnostic potential,and translational challenges of salivary biomarkers in OSCC.展开更多
Overt and harmful diabetes mellitus(DM)has detrimental effects on individuals and,by extension,the community.Among the microvascular DM complications is diabetic retinopathy(DR).DR may cause irreversible vision deteri...Overt and harmful diabetes mellitus(DM)has detrimental effects on individuals and,by extension,the community.Among the microvascular DM complications is diabetic retinopathy(DR).DR may cause irreversible vision deterioration in cases of poor blood glucose regulation.Changes in vascular permeability are key trigger points for diabetic macular edema(DME),a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the macula.The development of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)pathway inhibitors has provided a pathogenesis-based treatment approach for DME.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)provides highresolution imaging of the anatomy,including the aging of DME and its structural damage,in distinct morphologic subtypes of macular edema,thereby supporting the assessment of macular edema treatment.The availability of repeated OCT monitoring provides clinical reassurance through the treatment.OCT angiography(OCTA)provides retinal blood flow maps with high spatial resolution.The ability promotes an understanding of disease pathogenesis and facilitates the implementation of new therapeutic methods.This review compares the potential of OCT and OCTA in the diagnosis and treatment of DME,as well as their respective therapeutic applications.展开更多
The functional regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex is pivotal for tooth preservation,yet the molecular mechanisms governing odontoblast differentiation remain poorly understood.In the current study,we revealed a d...The functional regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex is pivotal for tooth preservation,yet the molecular mechanisms governing odontoblast differentiation remain poorly understood.In the current study,we revealed a distinct NKD1^(+) subpopulation exhibiting secretory odontoblast characteristics,which was specifically induced in dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) by Wnt3a,but not by Wnt5a or Wnt10a through single-cell transcriptomic profiling.We then found that the NKD1^(+) subpopulation was functional conservation,which were consistently identified in the odontoblast layers of developing tooth germs in both murine and miniature pig models,as well as within the apical open area in human molars.This conserved spatial distribution and co-localization with DSPP strongly indicates that NKD1^(+) cells were active dentin-secreting odontoblasts.Analysis of gene regulatory networks using SCENIC identified MSX1 as a key transcription factor regulating the specification of NKD1^(+) lineage.Mechanistically,Wnt3a orchestrates a tripartite cascade:upregulating NKD1/MSX1 expression,triggering NKD1 membrane detachment,and facilitating direct NKD1-MSX1interaction to promote MSX1 nuclear translocation.CUT&Tag analysis demonstrated MSX1 occupancy at promoters of odontogenic regulato rs,esta blishing its necessity for odontogenic gene activation.Murine pulp exposure models validated that Wnt3a-activated NKD1-MSX1 signaling significantly enhances reparative dentin formation.This study delineates an evolutionarily conserved Wnt3aNKD1-MSX1 axis that resolves stem cell heterogeneity into functional odontoblast commitment,providing both mechanistic insights into dentin-pulp regeneration and a foundation for targeted regenerative therapies.展开更多
Objectives: Identification of the level of knowledge on ergonomics principles, and application of these by dentistry students to investigate whether painful symptomatology was experienced. An-other objective is the ex...Objectives: Identification of the level of knowledge on ergonomics principles, and application of these by dentistry students to investigate whether painful symptomatology was experienced. An-other objective is the expansion of discussions on occupational health in academic settings. Study Design and Settings: Dentistry students of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (n = 148) were surveyed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to determine the severity of musculoskeletal symptoms experienced. Data were analyzed through EpiInfo 7.0 to measure central trends and variability 5for quantitative variables, absolute and relative frequencies for categorical variables, and significance between groups (confidence intervals and chisquare). Association analysis (Pearson) was also carried out. Results: Ergonomic measures were not reported by students. Within the musculoskeletal symptoms described, females were the most affected, independent of academic level. Conclusions: Positive correlations were verified between all categories and all anatomic regions (e.g., neck, lower back, wrists, hands, and shoulders). Data suggest progressive worsening of symptoms, which will eventually result in leaves of absence.展开更多
Background:Oral cancer remains a significant global health challenge,as it has high morbidity and mortality rates.Current treatments show limited efficacy and have severe side effects,prompting searches for new therap...Background:Oral cancer remains a significant global health challenge,as it has high morbidity and mortality rates.Current treatments show limited efficacy and have severe side effects,prompting searches for new therapeutic agents.SH003,a traditional herbal formulation comprising Astragalus membranaceus,Angelica gigas,and Trichosanthes kirilowii,has demonstrated potential anticancer properties in previous studies.However,its specific efficacy against oral cancer and the role of its key components,particularly Cucurbitacin D,remain underexplored.Methods:The cytotoxic effects of SH003 and its major components—i.e.,Cucurbitacin D,Decursin,Formononetin,and Nodakenin—were evaluated using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide(MTT),Trypan Blue exclusion,and Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH)release assays.Cell migration was analyzed via wound healing assays,and apoptosis induction was assessed using cell cycle analysis and caspase activation assays.Epithelial-tomesenchymal transition(EMT)marker expression(E-cadherin and N-cadherin)was measured using Western blotting and Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR).Results:SH003 significantly reduced cell viability in a dosedependent manner,with YD-8 and YD-9 cells showing greater sensitivity than YD-38 cells.Of the individual compounds,Cucurbitacin D was identified as a key active agent,as it exhibited potent inhibition of cell migration and significant modulation of EMT markers,including the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin.These effects were most pronounced in YD-9 cells.Conclusions:Taken together,these findings suggest that Cucurbitacin D plays a crucial role mediating the anticancer activity of SH003,particularly via the reversal of EMT and the reduction of migratory and invasive potential of oral cancer cells.This study provides valuable insight into the mechanistic basis of SH003,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent against oral cancer.Further research,including in vivo studies and clinical trials,is needed to elucidate its precise mechanisms and potential applications against other cancer types.展开更多
The caries-preventive effects of arginine have been attributed to its impact on biofilm composition and pH.Recent in vitro studies suggest that arginine also affects the production of biofilm matrix components that co...The caries-preventive effects of arginine have been attributed to its impact on biofilm composition and pH.Recent in vitro studies suggest that arginine also affects the production of biofilm matrix components that contribute to virulence,but this mechanism has not been investigated clinically.This randomized,placebo-controlled,triple-blind,split-mouth in situ trial assessed arginine's impact on the microbial composition,matrix architecture,and microscale pH of biofilms from caries-active patients(N=10).We also examined whether individual differences in the pH response to arginine were related to biofilm composition and matrix structure.Biofilms were grown for four days on carriers attached to intraoral splints.Three times daily,the biofilms were treated extraorally with sucrose(5 min),followed by arginine or placebo(30 min),in a split-mouth design.After growth,the microscale biofilm p H response to sucrose was monitored by pH ratiometry.Microbial biofilm composition and carbohydrate matrix architecture were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fluorescence lectin-binding analysis,respectively.Arginine treatment significantly mitigated sucrose-induced pH drops,reduced total carbohydrate matrix production,and altered the spatial distribution of fucoseand galactose-containing carbohydrates.Both arginine-and placebo-treated biofilms were dominated by streptococci and Veillonella spp.Paired analyses showed a significant reduction in mitis/oralis group streptococci and a non-significant increase in several arginine metabolizers in arginine-treated biofilms.Individual pH responses were not significantly associated with the abundance of specific bacterial taxa or carbohydrate matrix components.In conclusion,arginine reduced the virulence of biofilms from caries-active patients through multiple mechanisms,including suppressing matrix carbohydrate production.展开更多
Intraoral scanning has become integral to digital workflows in dental implantology,offering a more efficient and comfortable alternative to conventional impression techniques.For complete edentulism,accurate scanning ...Intraoral scanning has become integral to digital workflows in dental implantology,offering a more efficient and comfortable alternative to conventional impression techniques.For complete edentulism,accurate scanning is crucial to successful full-arch dental implant rehabilitation.However,the absence of well-defined anatomical landmarks can lead to cumulative errors during merging sequential scans,often surpassing acceptable thresholds.Current mitigation strategies rely on manual adjustments in Computer-Aided Design(CAD)software,a time-intensive process that depends heavily on the operator’s expertise.This study presents a novel segment-match-correct process automation workflow to enhance full-arch intraoral scans’positioning accuracy and efficiency.By leveraging 3D registration algorithms,the proposed method improves implant positioning accuracy while significantly reducing manual labor.To assess the robustness of this workflow,we simulated four types of noise to evaluate their impact on scanning errors.Our findings demonstrate that the process automation workflow reduces dentist workload from 5-8 minutes per scan to less than 1 min(about 57 seconds)while achieving a lower linear error of 45.16±23.76μm,outperforming traditional scanning methods.We could replicate linear and angular deviations observed in real-world scans by simulating cumulative errors.This workflow improves the accuracy and efficiency of complete-arch implant rehabilitation and provides a practical solution to reduce cumulative scanning errors.Additionally,the noise simulations offer valuable insights into the origins of these errors,further optimizing IntraOral Scanner(IOS)performance.展开更多
Objective:Esophageal carcinoma(EC)is a primary global health concern,ranking as the eighth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)and endoscopic sub...Objective:Esophageal carcinoma(EC)is a primary global health concern,ranking as the eighth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)are widely used to manage early-stage EC and Barrett’s esophagus.However,their comparative efficacyand safety remain debated.This study aims to systematically compare the safety and efficacyof ESD and EMR in the treatment of early EC and Barrett’s esophagus.Methods:A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.Databases,including MEDLINE(via PubMed),Google Scholar,and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published up to October 2024.Twenty-two studies involving 3309 patients(1425 with ESD and 1884 with EMR)met the inclusion criteria.The outcomes assessed included en bloc resection,R0 resection,curative resection,local recurrence,bleeding,perforation,and stricture formation.Risk ratios(RR)with 95%CIs were calculated via a random-effects model via RevMan 5.4.Results:ESD significantlyoutperformed EMR in en bloc resection(RR=2.22,95%CI:1.69–2.90;p<0.001),R0 resection(RR=1.93,95%CI:1.28–2.91;p=0.002),and curative resection rates(RR=2.29,95%CI:1.52–3.46;p<0.001).ESD was associated with lower local recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)(RR=0.13,95%CI:0.06–0.30;p<0.001),whereas recurrence was greater in patients with Barrett’s esophagus(RR=1.67,95%CI:1.30–2.14;p<0.001).No significant difference was observed in bleeding rates;however,ESD was associated with a greater risk of perforation(RR=2.94,95%CI:1.31–6.60;p=0.009).Conclusion:ESD is more effective than EMR in achieving complete and curative resections for early EC and SCC,particularly for lesions>20 mm.However,it has a higher complication rate,especially perforation.Careful patient selection and procedural expertise are essential when choosing between the two techniques.展开更多
Background:Alisol A is a natural compound isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma,known for its diverse pharmacological activities,including anticancer and neuroprotective effects.This study aimed to explore the anticancer ef...Background:Alisol A is a natural compound isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma,known for its diverse pharmacological activities,including anticancer and neuroprotective effects.This study aimed to explore the anticancer effects of Alisol A on oral cancer cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell viability was measured by MTT assay,cell cycle by flow cytometry,and apoptosis by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activation.Regulation of signaling pathways was analyzed using an apoptosis-related protein array,immunoblotting,and specific kinase inhibitors.Results:Alisol A reduced the viability of oral cancer cell lines,induced sub-G1 phase accumulation,and augmented the number of apoptotic cells.Protein array results indicated that Alisol A enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),while suppressing cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1(cIAP1)and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP)levels in SCC-9 cells.These changes were further confirmed in both SCC-9 and HSC-3 cells by immunoblotting.In addition,Alisol A triggered the activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3,as well as poly(ADPribose)polymerase(PARP)cleavage in both cell lines.Analysis of signaling pathways showed that mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)were significantly activated by Alisol A.Notably,inhibition of JNK and p38markedly reduced Alisol A-induced activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that Alisol A exerts potent anticancer effects on oral cancer cells by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis via activation of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways.These results suggest that Alisol A may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of oral cancer.展开更多
AIM: To systematically review the literature on the efficacy of noninvasive methods of arresting the progression of non-cavitated occlusal carious lesions in dentin.METHODS: The Medline/Pub Med,LILACS,Sci ELO and Scop...AIM: To systematically review the literature on the efficacy of noninvasive methods of arresting the progression of non-cavitated occlusal carious lesions in dentin.METHODS: The Medline/Pub Med,LILACS,Sci ELO and Scopus databases were searched to identify relevant publications through to November 2013.Only clinical trials evaluating the ability of noninvasive methods to arrest the progression of occlusal non-cavitated carious lesions in dentin were included.Screening,data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently and in duplicate.RESULTS: Of 167 citations identified,nine full text articles were screened and five were included in the analysis.All papers reported on occlusal fissure sealing using a self-curing glass ionomer(n = 1) or resin-based(n = 4) sealant.Only the use of resin-based sealant to obliterate occlusal fissures arrested the progression of non-cavitated occlusal carious lesions in dentin.CONCLUSION: Occlusal fissure sealing with a resin-based sealant may arrest the progression of non-cavitated occlusal dentinal caries.Further clinical trials with longer follow-up times should be performed to increase scientific evidence.展开更多
This study compared the biological changes of lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-treated dental pulp （DP） cells directly cultured on mineral trioxide aggregate （MTA） and calcium silicate （CS） cements. DP cells were trea...This study compared the biological changes of lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-treated dental pulp （DP） cells directly cultured on mineral trioxide aggregate （MTA） and calcium silicate （CS） cements. DP cells were treated with LPS for 24 h. Then, the LPS-treated DP cells were cultured on MTA or CS cements. Cell viability, cell death mechanism and interleukin （IL）-1β expressions were analysed. A one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the significance of the differences between the means. A significantly higher IL-1β expression （2.9-fold） was found for LPS-treated cells （P〈0.05） compared with DP cells without LPS treatment at 24 h. Absorbance values of LPS-treated cells cultured on CS cement were higher than a tissue culture plate. A significant difference （P〈0.05） in cell viability was observed between cells on CS and MTA cements 24 h after seeding. At 48 h, a high concentration of Si （5 mM） was released from MTA, which induced LPS-treated DP cell apoptosis. The present study demonstrates that CS cement is biocompatible with cultured LPS-treated DP cells. MTA stimulates inflammation in LPS-treated DP cells, which leads to greater IL-1β expression and apoptosis.展开更多
Objective To investigate the feature and frequency of medical emergencies in dental clinics in China and the Methods A survey study was conducted among 2408 dentists who attended continuing educational courses held by...Objective To investigate the feature and frequency of medical emergencies in dental clinics in China and the Methods A survey study was conducted among 2408 dentists who attended continuing educational courses held by Society of Sedation and Analgesia of Chinese Stomatological Association in 18 cities from December 2015 to December 2018.Demographic information of the dentists and the characteristics of medical emergencies they encountered were collected and analyzed.The associated demographic features for dentist experiencing medical emergencies were analyzed by logistic regression model.Results A total of 2013 dentists provided valid responses and reported 2923 events of medical emergencies in dental clinics.Among them,85.0%reported that they had encountered medical emergencies,and 35.5%had encountered at least twice.Syncope(35.9%)and hypoglycemia(30.3%)were the most common reported medical emergencies.Medical emergencies were most likely to occur during local anesthesia(49.9%),out-patient oral surgery(25.9%),and root canal treatment(11.3%).There were 6 patients(0.2%)died in emergencies.84.0%dentists reported that they had never received training courses about medical emergency management in dentistry other than Basic Life Support.Longer practicing time(10-15 years)(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.41-0.85,P=0.004),working in private dental facilities(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.20-2.38,P=0.003)were associated with an increased risk of experiencing medical emergencies.Conclusion More efforts are needed in prevention,early identification,and timely management of medical emergencies in dental clinics in order to prevent fatal outcomes.The results of this survey are useful information for re-designing emergency training courses for Chinese dentists.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the periodontal status and associated risk factors among women of childbearing age to increase the awareness of oral health.Methods:The study was conducted on childbearing age women in Cixi,a ...Objective:To investigate the periodontal status and associated risk factors among women of childbearing age to increase the awareness of oral health.Methods:The study was conducted on childbearing age women in Cixi,a city in Zhejiang Province in the southeast of China.A total of 754 women participated in periodontal examination while receiving prenatal care.Data of the women were collected from the Cixi Family Planning Commission and during an interview.Clinical periodontal indices,such as bleeding on probing(BOP),probing depth(PD),and clinical attachment level(CAL) were measured during the examination.Statistical analysis on subject-based data was performed.Results:The prevalence of periodontal disease among childbearing age women in Cixi was high(84.7%).A significant association was found between the disease and educational level,pregnancy,taking oral contraceptives,stress,alcohol consumption,overweight,dental visit,and teeth brushing(P<0.05).Women who suffered periodontal disease showed deep PD,obvious BOP,and clinical attachment loss.Among this population,pregnancy was closely associated with higher BOP percentage;teeth brushing no more than once per day or brushing for less than 1 min(P<0.001) after adjusting for age and stress.Conclusions:The periodontal status of childbearing age women in Cixi needs to be improved urgently.Attention towards the periodontal health should be warranted,especially for those in special statuses and with poor awareness.展开更多
Oral diseases related to dental biofilms continue to afflict the majority of the world＇s population. Among them, dental caries continues to be the single most prevalent and costly oral infectious disease （Marsh, 200...Oral diseases related to dental biofilms continue to afflict the majority of the world＇s population. Among them, dental caries continues to be the single most prevalent and costly oral infectious disease （Marsh, 2003; Dye et al., 2007）. Dental caries results from the interaction of specific bacteria with constituents of the diet within a dental biofilm known as plaque （Bowen, 2002）. Sucrose is considered to be the ＂arch criminal＂ from the dietary aspect because it serves as a substrate for synthesis of extracellular （EPS） and intracellular （IPS） polysaccharides in dental biofilm and is also fermentable （Bowen, 2002）.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation of intestinal epithelium,primarily of the colon.An increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MetS)in patients with UC has been docu...BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation of intestinal epithelium,primarily of the colon.An increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MetS)in patients with UC has been documented recently.Still,there is no evidence that MetS alters the course of the UC.AIM To test the influence of the MetS on the severity of UC and the local and systemic immune status.METHODS Eighty nine patients with de novo histologically confirmed UC were divided in two groups,according to ATP III criteria:Group without MetS(no MetS)and group with MetS.RESULTS Clinically and histologically milder disease with higher serum level of immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10(IL-10)and fecal content of Galectin-3(Gal-3)was observed in subjects with UC and MetS,compared to subjects suffering from UC only.This was accompanied with predomination of IL-10 over pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-17(IL-17)in the sera as well as Gal-3 over TNF-αand IL-17 in feces of UC patients with MetS.Further,the patients with both conditions(UC and MetS)had higher percentage of IL-10 producing and Gal-3 expressing innate and acquired immune cells in lamina propria.CONCLUSION Local dominance of Gal-3 and IL-10 over pro-inflammatory mediators in patients with MetS may present a mechanism for limiting the inflammatory process and subsequent tissue damage in UC.展开更多
BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral h...BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant women.AIM To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant women.METHODS A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups:High-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≥2;received personalized oral hygiene management training),low-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≤1;received oral health education),high-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≥2),and low-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≤1).No hygiene intervention was provided to control groups.CAT scores at different times were compared using independent samples t-test and least significant difference t-test.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups,either in the high-risk or low-risk groups.CAT scores were reduced significantly after 3(1.74±0.47 vs 2.50±0.38,P<0.0001)and 6 months(0.53±0.50 vs 2.45±0.42,P<0.0001)of personalized oral hygiene management intervention but not after oral health education alone(0.43±0.39 vs 0.46±0.33,P>0.05 and 0.45±0.36 vs 0.57±0.32,P>0.05,respectively).Within groups,the decrease in CAT scores was significant(2.43±0.44 vs 1.74±0.47 vs 0.53±0.50,P<0.0001)for only the high-risk experimental group.CONCLUSION Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a computer-controlled periodontal ligament （PDL） injection system to the local soft tissues as the primary technique in endodontic access to mandibular posteri...Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a computer-controlled periodontal ligament （PDL） injection system to the local soft tissues as the primary technique in endodontic access to mandibular posterior teeth in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Methods A total of 162 Chinese patients who had been diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis in their mandibular posterior teeth without acute infection or inflammation in the periodontal tissues were enrolled in this clinical study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the position of the involved tooth： the premolar group （PM, z2=38）, first molar group （FM, n=66）, and second molar group （SM, n=58）. All the patients received computer-controlled PDL injection with 4% articaine and 1 ＇ 100 000 epinephrine. Immediately after the injection, endodontic access was performed, and the degree of pain during the treatment was evaluated by the patients using Visual Analogue Scale for pain. The success rates were compared among the 3 groups. The responses of local soft tissues were evaluated 3-8 days and 3 weeks after the procedure. Results The overall success rate was 76.5%. There was a significant difference in success rates among the PM, FM, and SM groups （92.1%, 53.0%, 93.1%, respectively; 2 X =34.3, P〈0.01）. Both the PM and SM groups showed higher success rates than that of the FM group （v=l, f=16.73, P〈0.01, v=l, Z = 4.5, X2 2 P〈0.01）. No irreversible adverse effects on the periodontal soft tissues at the injection sites were observed in the follow-up visits in any of the groups. Conclusion The computer-controlled PDL injection system demonstrates both satisfactory anesthetic effects and safety in local soft tissues as primary anesthetic technique in endodontic access to the mandibular posterior teeth in patients with irreversible pulpitis.展开更多
AIM To understand the effects of delivery mode on the immune cells frequency and function in cord blood and placenta.METHODS We evaluated immunological differences in cord blood and placental tissues for a case of twi...AIM To understand the effects of delivery mode on the immune cells frequency and function in cord blood and placenta.METHODS We evaluated immunological differences in cord blood and placental tissues for a case of twins one of which delivered vaginally while the other delivered by caesarian section(C-section). Cord blood mononuclear cells were isolated and placenta tissues were processed for cell isolation. Immune phenotyping was performed by flow cytometry methods following staining for T cells, natural killer(NK) cells, monocytes, neutrophils and CD71^+erythroid cells in both cord blood and placenta tissues. In addition, fetal calprotectin of twins was measured 12 wk after birth.RESULTS We found lower percentages of immune cells(e.g. T cells, monocytes and neutrophils) in the cord blood of C-section delivered compared to vaginally delivered newborn. In contrast, percentages of monocytes and neutrophils were > 2 folds higher in the placental tissues of C-section delivered newborn. More importantly, we observed lower percentages of CD71^+ erythroid cells in both cord blood and placental tissues of C-section delivered case. Lower CD71^+ erythroid cells were associated with a more pro-inflammatory milieu at the fetomaternal interface reflected by higher expression of inhibitory receptors on CD4^+ T cells, higher frequency of monocytes and neutrophils. Furthermore, type of delivery impacted the gene expression profile in CD71^+erythroid cells. Finally, we found that C-section delivered child had > 20-fold higher FCP in his fecal sample at 12 wk of age.CONCLUSION Mode of delivery impacted immune cells profile in cord blood/placenta. In particular frequency of immunosuppressive CD71^+ erythroid cells was reduced in C-section delivered newborn.展开更多
Several studies have demonstrated that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells can promote neural regeneration following brain injury. However, the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord blood-d...Several studies have demonstrated that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells can promote neural regeneration following brain injury. However, the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in guiding peripheral nerve regeneration remain poorly understood. This study was designed to investigate the effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells on neural regeneration using a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells （1 ~ 106） or a PBS control were injected into the crush-injured segment of the sciatic nerve. Four weeks after cell injection, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine kinase receptor B mRNA expression at the lesion site was increased in comparison to control. Furthermore, sciatic function index, Fluoro Gold-labeled neuron counts and axon density were also significantly increased when compared with control. Our results indicate that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchvmal stem cells promote the functinnal r~.RcJv^rv nf P.n I^h-inillr^4 ~r^i~tit, n^r~e展开更多
基金supported by the College of Oral Medicine,Taipei Medical University,Taipei,Taiwan(Grant No.TMUCOM202502)supported by Taipei Medical University Hospital,Taipei,Taiwan(Grant No.114TMUH-NE-05).
文摘This narrative review examines recent advances in salivary biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),a major subtype of oral cancer with persistently low five-year survival rates due to delayed diagnosis.Saliva has emerged as a noninvasive diagnostic medium capable of reflecting both local tumor activity and systemic physiological changes.Various salivary biomarkers,including microRNAs,cytokines,proteins,metabolites,and exosomes,have been linked to oncogenic signaling pathways involved in tumor progression,immune modulation,and therapeutic resistance.Advances in quantitative polymerase chain reaction,mass spectrometry,and next-generation sequencing have enabled comprehensive biomarker profiling,while point-of-care detection systems and saliva-based omics platforms are accelerating clinical translation.Remaining challenges include variability in salivary composition,lack of standardized collection protocols,and insufficient validation across large patient cohorts.This review highlights the mechanistic relevance,diagnostic potential,and translational challenges of salivary biomarkers in OSCC.
文摘Overt and harmful diabetes mellitus(DM)has detrimental effects on individuals and,by extension,the community.Among the microvascular DM complications is diabetic retinopathy(DR).DR may cause irreversible vision deterioration in cases of poor blood glucose regulation.Changes in vascular permeability are key trigger points for diabetic macular edema(DME),a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the macula.The development of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)pathway inhibitors has provided a pathogenesis-based treatment approach for DME.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)provides highresolution imaging of the anatomy,including the aging of DME and its structural damage,in distinct morphologic subtypes of macular edema,thereby supporting the assessment of macular edema treatment.The availability of repeated OCT monitoring provides clinical reassurance through the treatment.OCT angiography(OCTA)provides retinal blood flow maps with high spatial resolution.The ability promotes an understanding of disease pathogenesis and facilitates the implementation of new therapeutic methods.This review compares the potential of OCT and OCTA in the diagnosis and treatment of DME,as well as their respective therapeutic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82170951,82470961)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7222079)+4 种基金the Beijing Hospital Authority"Dengfeng"Talent Training Plan (DFL 20221301)the Beijing Stomatological HospitalCapital Medical University Young Scientist Program (No.YSP202401)the Laboratory for Clinical Medicine and the Central Laboratory of Capital Medical University for their technical support and fundingthe Japan China Sasakawa Medical Fellowship for their generous support and funding。
文摘The functional regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex is pivotal for tooth preservation,yet the molecular mechanisms governing odontoblast differentiation remain poorly understood.In the current study,we revealed a distinct NKD1^(+) subpopulation exhibiting secretory odontoblast characteristics,which was specifically induced in dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs) by Wnt3a,but not by Wnt5a or Wnt10a through single-cell transcriptomic profiling.We then found that the NKD1^(+) subpopulation was functional conservation,which were consistently identified in the odontoblast layers of developing tooth germs in both murine and miniature pig models,as well as within the apical open area in human molars.This conserved spatial distribution and co-localization with DSPP strongly indicates that NKD1^(+) cells were active dentin-secreting odontoblasts.Analysis of gene regulatory networks using SCENIC identified MSX1 as a key transcription factor regulating the specification of NKD1^(+) lineage.Mechanistically,Wnt3a orchestrates a tripartite cascade:upregulating NKD1/MSX1 expression,triggering NKD1 membrane detachment,and facilitating direct NKD1-MSX1interaction to promote MSX1 nuclear translocation.CUT&Tag analysis demonstrated MSX1 occupancy at promoters of odontogenic regulato rs,esta blishing its necessity for odontogenic gene activation.Murine pulp exposure models validated that Wnt3a-activated NKD1-MSX1 signaling significantly enhances reparative dentin formation.This study delineates an evolutionarily conserved Wnt3aNKD1-MSX1 axis that resolves stem cell heterogeneity into functional odontoblast commitment,providing both mechanistic insights into dentin-pulp regeneration and a foundation for targeted regenerative therapies.
文摘Objectives: Identification of the level of knowledge on ergonomics principles, and application of these by dentistry students to investigate whether painful symptomatology was experienced. An-other objective is the expansion of discussions on occupational health in academic settings. Study Design and Settings: Dentistry students of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil (n = 148) were surveyed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to determine the severity of musculoskeletal symptoms experienced. Data were analyzed through EpiInfo 7.0 to measure central trends and variability 5for quantitative variables, absolute and relative frequencies for categorical variables, and significance between groups (confidence intervals and chisquare). Association analysis (Pearson) was also carried out. Results: Ergonomic measures were not reported by students. Within the musculoskeletal symptoms described, females were the most affected, independent of academic level. Conclusions: Positive correlations were verified between all categories and all anatomic regions (e.g., neck, lower back, wrists, hands, and shoulders). Data suggest progressive worsening of symptoms, which will eventually result in leaves of absence.
基金supported by grants from the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital(SNUBH)Research Fund(Grant no.02-2020-0008)the Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program of Seoul National University(Grant no.860-20240109).
文摘Background:Oral cancer remains a significant global health challenge,as it has high morbidity and mortality rates.Current treatments show limited efficacy and have severe side effects,prompting searches for new therapeutic agents.SH003,a traditional herbal formulation comprising Astragalus membranaceus,Angelica gigas,and Trichosanthes kirilowii,has demonstrated potential anticancer properties in previous studies.However,its specific efficacy against oral cancer and the role of its key components,particularly Cucurbitacin D,remain underexplored.Methods:The cytotoxic effects of SH003 and its major components—i.e.,Cucurbitacin D,Decursin,Formononetin,and Nodakenin—were evaluated using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide(MTT),Trypan Blue exclusion,and Lactate Dehydrogenase(LDH)release assays.Cell migration was analyzed via wound healing assays,and apoptosis induction was assessed using cell cycle analysis and caspase activation assays.Epithelial-tomesenchymal transition(EMT)marker expression(E-cadherin and N-cadherin)was measured using Western blotting and Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR).Results:SH003 significantly reduced cell viability in a dosedependent manner,with YD-8 and YD-9 cells showing greater sensitivity than YD-38 cells.Of the individual compounds,Cucurbitacin D was identified as a key active agent,as it exhibited potent inhibition of cell migration and significant modulation of EMT markers,including the upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin.These effects were most pronounced in YD-9 cells.Conclusions:Taken together,these findings suggest that Cucurbitacin D plays a crucial role mediating the anticancer activity of SH003,particularly via the reversal of EMT and the reduction of migratory and invasive potential of oral cancer cells.This study provides valuable insight into the mechanistic basis of SH003,highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent against oral cancer.Further research,including in vivo studies and clinical trials,is needed to elucidate its precise mechanisms and potential applications against other cancer types.
基金supported by the Faculty of Health,Aarhus University,Denmark。
文摘The caries-preventive effects of arginine have been attributed to its impact on biofilm composition and pH.Recent in vitro studies suggest that arginine also affects the production of biofilm matrix components that contribute to virulence,but this mechanism has not been investigated clinically.This randomized,placebo-controlled,triple-blind,split-mouth in situ trial assessed arginine's impact on the microbial composition,matrix architecture,and microscale pH of biofilms from caries-active patients(N=10).We also examined whether individual differences in the pH response to arginine were related to biofilm composition and matrix structure.Biofilms were grown for four days on carriers attached to intraoral splints.Three times daily,the biofilms were treated extraorally with sucrose(5 min),followed by arginine or placebo(30 min),in a split-mouth design.After growth,the microscale biofilm p H response to sucrose was monitored by pH ratiometry.Microbial biofilm composition and carbohydrate matrix architecture were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fluorescence lectin-binding analysis,respectively.Arginine treatment significantly mitigated sucrose-induced pH drops,reduced total carbohydrate matrix production,and altered the spatial distribution of fucoseand galactose-containing carbohydrates.Both arginine-and placebo-treated biofilms were dominated by streptococci and Veillonella spp.Paired analyses showed a significant reduction in mitis/oralis group streptococci and a non-significant increase in several arginine metabolizers in arginine-treated biofilms.Individual pH responses were not significantly associated with the abundance of specific bacterial taxa or carbohydrate matrix components.In conclusion,arginine reduced the virulence of biofilms from caries-active patients through multiple mechanisms,including suppressing matrix carbohydrate production.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[62206119,62473189]Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation[2025A1515010424]+2 种基金the Science,Technology,and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality[JCYJ20220818100417038]Shenzhen Long-Term Support for Higher Education at SUSTech[20231115141649002]SUSTech Virtual Teaching Lab for Machine Intelligence Design and Learning[XJZLGC202241].
文摘Intraoral scanning has become integral to digital workflows in dental implantology,offering a more efficient and comfortable alternative to conventional impression techniques.For complete edentulism,accurate scanning is crucial to successful full-arch dental implant rehabilitation.However,the absence of well-defined anatomical landmarks can lead to cumulative errors during merging sequential scans,often surpassing acceptable thresholds.Current mitigation strategies rely on manual adjustments in Computer-Aided Design(CAD)software,a time-intensive process that depends heavily on the operator’s expertise.This study presents a novel segment-match-correct process automation workflow to enhance full-arch intraoral scans’positioning accuracy and efficiency.By leveraging 3D registration algorithms,the proposed method improves implant positioning accuracy while significantly reducing manual labor.To assess the robustness of this workflow,we simulated four types of noise to evaluate their impact on scanning errors.Our findings demonstrate that the process automation workflow reduces dentist workload from 5-8 minutes per scan to less than 1 min(about 57 seconds)while achieving a lower linear error of 45.16±23.76μm,outperforming traditional scanning methods.We could replicate linear and angular deviations observed in real-world scans by simulating cumulative errors.This workflow improves the accuracy and efficiency of complete-arch implant rehabilitation and provides a practical solution to reduce cumulative scanning errors.Additionally,the noise simulations offer valuable insights into the origins of these errors,further optimizing IntraOral Scanner(IOS)performance.
文摘Objective:Esophageal carcinoma(EC)is a primary global health concern,ranking as the eighth most common cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality.Endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)are widely used to manage early-stage EC and Barrett’s esophagus.However,their comparative efficacyand safety remain debated.This study aims to systematically compare the safety and efficacyof ESD and EMR in the treatment of early EC and Barrett’s esophagus.Methods:A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.Databases,including MEDLINE(via PubMed),Google Scholar,and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published up to October 2024.Twenty-two studies involving 3309 patients(1425 with ESD and 1884 with EMR)met the inclusion criteria.The outcomes assessed included en bloc resection,R0 resection,curative resection,local recurrence,bleeding,perforation,and stricture formation.Risk ratios(RR)with 95%CIs were calculated via a random-effects model via RevMan 5.4.Results:ESD significantlyoutperformed EMR in en bloc resection(RR=2.22,95%CI:1.69–2.90;p<0.001),R0 resection(RR=1.93,95%CI:1.28–2.91;p=0.002),and curative resection rates(RR=2.29,95%CI:1.52–3.46;p<0.001).ESD was associated with lower local recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)(RR=0.13,95%CI:0.06–0.30;p<0.001),whereas recurrence was greater in patients with Barrett’s esophagus(RR=1.67,95%CI:1.30–2.14;p<0.001).No significant difference was observed in bleeding rates;however,ESD was associated with a greater risk of perforation(RR=2.94,95%CI:1.31–6.60;p=0.009).Conclusion:ESD is more effective than EMR in achieving complete and curative resections for early EC and SCC,particularly for lesions>20 mm.However,it has a higher complication rate,especially perforation.Careful patient selection and procedural expertise are essential when choosing between the two techniques.
基金supported by Chung Shan Medical University Hospital,Taiwan(CSH-2024-C-060).
文摘Background:Alisol A is a natural compound isolated from Alismatis Rhizoma,known for its diverse pharmacological activities,including anticancer and neuroprotective effects.This study aimed to explore the anticancer effects of Alisol A on oral cancer cells and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.Methods:Cell viability was measured by MTT assay,cell cycle by flow cytometry,and apoptosis by Annexin V/PI staining and caspase activation.Regulation of signaling pathways was analyzed using an apoptosis-related protein array,immunoblotting,and specific kinase inhibitors.Results:Alisol A reduced the viability of oral cancer cell lines,induced sub-G1 phase accumulation,and augmented the number of apoptotic cells.Protein array results indicated that Alisol A enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1),while suppressing cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1(cIAP1)and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP)levels in SCC-9 cells.These changes were further confirmed in both SCC-9 and HSC-3 cells by immunoblotting.In addition,Alisol A triggered the activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3,as well as poly(ADPribose)polymerase(PARP)cleavage in both cell lines.Analysis of signaling pathways showed that mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)were significantly activated by Alisol A.Notably,inhibition of JNK and p38markedly reduced Alisol A-induced activation of caspase-8,-9,and-3.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that Alisol A exerts potent anticancer effects on oral cancer cells by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis via activation of the JNK and p38 signaling pathways.These results suggest that Alisol A may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of oral cancer.
文摘AIM: To systematically review the literature on the efficacy of noninvasive methods of arresting the progression of non-cavitated occlusal carious lesions in dentin.METHODS: The Medline/Pub Med,LILACS,Sci ELO and Scopus databases were searched to identify relevant publications through to November 2013.Only clinical trials evaluating the ability of noninvasive methods to arrest the progression of occlusal non-cavitated carious lesions in dentin were included.Screening,data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently and in duplicate.RESULTS: Of 167 citations identified,nine full text articles were screened and five were included in the analysis.All papers reported on occlusal fissure sealing using a self-curing glass ionomer(n = 1) or resin-based(n = 4) sealant.Only the use of resin-based sealant to obliterate occlusal fissures arrested the progression of non-cavitated occlusal carious lesions in dentin.CONCLUSION: Occlusal fissure sealing with a resin-based sealant may arrest the progression of non-cavitated occlusal dentinal caries.Further clinical trials with longer follow-up times should be performed to increase scientific evidence.
文摘This study compared the biological changes of lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-treated dental pulp （DP） cells directly cultured on mineral trioxide aggregate （MTA） and calcium silicate （CS） cements. DP cells were treated with LPS for 24 h. Then, the LPS-treated DP cells were cultured on MTA or CS cements. Cell viability, cell death mechanism and interleukin （IL）-1β expressions were analysed. A one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the significance of the differences between the means. A significantly higher IL-1β expression （2.9-fold） was found for LPS-treated cells （P〈0.05） compared with DP cells without LPS treatment at 24 h. Absorbance values of LPS-treated cells cultured on CS cement were higher than a tissue culture plate. A significant difference （P〈0.05） in cell viability was observed between cells on CS and MTA cements 24 h after seeding. At 48 h, a high concentration of Si （5 mM） was released from MTA, which induced LPS-treated DP cell apoptosis. The present study demonstrates that CS cement is biocompatible with cultured LPS-treated DP cells. MTA stimulates inflammation in LPS-treated DP cells, which leads to greater IL-1β expression and apoptosis.
基金Fund supported by the Youth Educational Scholar Program of Peking Union Medical College(2016ZLGC0712).
文摘Objective To investigate the feature and frequency of medical emergencies in dental clinics in China and the Methods A survey study was conducted among 2408 dentists who attended continuing educational courses held by Society of Sedation and Analgesia of Chinese Stomatological Association in 18 cities from December 2015 to December 2018.Demographic information of the dentists and the characteristics of medical emergencies they encountered were collected and analyzed.The associated demographic features for dentist experiencing medical emergencies were analyzed by logistic regression model.Results A total of 2013 dentists provided valid responses and reported 2923 events of medical emergencies in dental clinics.Among them,85.0%reported that they had encountered medical emergencies,and 35.5%had encountered at least twice.Syncope(35.9%)and hypoglycemia(30.3%)were the most common reported medical emergencies.Medical emergencies were most likely to occur during local anesthesia(49.9%),out-patient oral surgery(25.9%),and root canal treatment(11.3%).There were 6 patients(0.2%)died in emergencies.84.0%dentists reported that they had never received training courses about medical emergency management in dentistry other than Basic Life Support.Longer practicing time(10-15 years)(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.41-0.85,P=0.004),working in private dental facilities(OR=1.69,95%CI:1.20-2.38,P=0.003)were associated with an increased risk of experiencing medical emergencies.Conclusion More efforts are needed in prevention,early identification,and timely management of medical emergencies in dental clinics in order to prevent fatal outcomes.The results of this survey are useful information for re-designing emergency training courses for Chinese dentists.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.30872884 and 81271142)the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province (No.2010C33031),China
文摘Objective:To investigate the periodontal status and associated risk factors among women of childbearing age to increase the awareness of oral health.Methods:The study was conducted on childbearing age women in Cixi,a city in Zhejiang Province in the southeast of China.A total of 754 women participated in periodontal examination while receiving prenatal care.Data of the women were collected from the Cixi Family Planning Commission and during an interview.Clinical periodontal indices,such as bleeding on probing(BOP),probing depth(PD),and clinical attachment level(CAL) were measured during the examination.Statistical analysis on subject-based data was performed.Results:The prevalence of periodontal disease among childbearing age women in Cixi was high(84.7%).A significant association was found between the disease and educational level,pregnancy,taking oral contraceptives,stress,alcohol consumption,overweight,dental visit,and teeth brushing(P<0.05).Women who suffered periodontal disease showed deep PD,obvious BOP,and clinical attachment loss.Among this population,pregnancy was closely associated with higher BOP percentage;teeth brushing no more than once per day or brushing for less than 1 min(P<0.001) after adjusting for age and stress.Conclusions:The periodontal status of childbearing age women in Cixi needs to be improved urgently.Attention towards the periodontal health should be warranted,especially for those in special statuses and with poor awareness.
文摘Oral diseases related to dental biofilms continue to afflict the majority of the world＇s population. Among them, dental caries continues to be the single most prevalent and costly oral infectious disease （Marsh, 2003; Dye et al., 2007）. Dental caries results from the interaction of specific bacteria with constituents of the diet within a dental biofilm known as plaque （Bowen, 2002）. Sucrose is considered to be the ＂arch criminal＂ from the dietary aspect because it serves as a substrate for synthesis of extracellular （EPS） and intracellular （IPS） polysaccharides in dental biofilm and is also fermentable （Bowen, 2002）.
文摘BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation of intestinal epithelium,primarily of the colon.An increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MetS)in patients with UC has been documented recently.Still,there is no evidence that MetS alters the course of the UC.AIM To test the influence of the MetS on the severity of UC and the local and systemic immune status.METHODS Eighty nine patients with de novo histologically confirmed UC were divided in two groups,according to ATP III criteria:Group without MetS(no MetS)and group with MetS.RESULTS Clinically and histologically milder disease with higher serum level of immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin-10(IL-10)and fecal content of Galectin-3(Gal-3)was observed in subjects with UC and MetS,compared to subjects suffering from UC only.This was accompanied with predomination of IL-10 over pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-17(IL-17)in the sera as well as Gal-3 over TNF-αand IL-17 in feces of UC patients with MetS.Further,the patients with both conditions(UC and MetS)had higher percentage of IL-10 producing and Gal-3 expressing innate and acquired immune cells in lamina propria.CONCLUSION Local dominance of Gal-3 and IL-10 over pro-inflammatory mediators in patients with MetS may present a mechanism for limiting the inflammatory process and subsequent tissue damage in UC.
基金Dalian Science and Technology Plan Project,No 2022080102.
文摘BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant women.AIM To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant women.METHODS A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups:High-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≥2;received personalized oral hygiene management training),low-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≤1;received oral health education),high-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≥2),and low-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≤1).No hygiene intervention was provided to control groups.CAT scores at different times were compared using independent samples t-test and least significant difference t-test.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups,either in the high-risk or low-risk groups.CAT scores were reduced significantly after 3(1.74±0.47 vs 2.50±0.38,P<0.0001)and 6 months(0.53±0.50 vs 2.45±0.42,P<0.0001)of personalized oral hygiene management intervention but not after oral health education alone(0.43±0.39 vs 0.46±0.33,P>0.05 and 0.45±0.36 vs 0.57±0.32,P>0.05,respectively).Within groups,the decrease in CAT scores was significant(2.43±0.44 vs 1.74±0.47 vs 0.53±0.50,P<0.0001)for only the high-risk experimental group.CONCLUSION Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.
文摘Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a computer-controlled periodontal ligament （PDL） injection system to the local soft tissues as the primary technique in endodontic access to mandibular posterior teeth in patients with irreversible pulpitis. Methods A total of 162 Chinese patients who had been diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis in their mandibular posterior teeth without acute infection or inflammation in the periodontal tissues were enrolled in this clinical study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the position of the involved tooth： the premolar group （PM, z2=38）, first molar group （FM, n=66）, and second molar group （SM, n=58）. All the patients received computer-controlled PDL injection with 4% articaine and 1 ＇ 100 000 epinephrine. Immediately after the injection, endodontic access was performed, and the degree of pain during the treatment was evaluated by the patients using Visual Analogue Scale for pain. The success rates were compared among the 3 groups. The responses of local soft tissues were evaluated 3-8 days and 3 weeks after the procedure. Results The overall success rate was 76.5%. There was a significant difference in success rates among the PM, FM, and SM groups （92.1%, 53.0%, 93.1%, respectively; 2 X =34.3, P〈0.01）. Both the PM and SM groups showed higher success rates than that of the FM group （v=l, f=16.73, P〈0.01, v=l, Z = 4.5, X2 2 P〈0.01）. No irreversible adverse effects on the periodontal soft tissues at the injection sites were observed in the follow-up visits in any of the groups. Conclusion The computer-controlled PDL injection system demonstrates both satisfactory anesthetic effects and safety in local soft tissues as primary anesthetic technique in endodontic access to the mandibular posterior teeth in patients with irreversible pulpitis.
基金a Foundation Scheme grant and a New Investigator Salary Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research(both to Elahi S)an innovation grant from Women and Children’s Health Research Institute(to Huang V and Elahi S)
文摘AIM To understand the effects of delivery mode on the immune cells frequency and function in cord blood and placenta.METHODS We evaluated immunological differences in cord blood and placental tissues for a case of twins one of which delivered vaginally while the other delivered by caesarian section(C-section). Cord blood mononuclear cells were isolated and placenta tissues were processed for cell isolation. Immune phenotyping was performed by flow cytometry methods following staining for T cells, natural killer(NK) cells, monocytes, neutrophils and CD71^+erythroid cells in both cord blood and placenta tissues. In addition, fetal calprotectin of twins was measured 12 wk after birth.RESULTS We found lower percentages of immune cells(e.g. T cells, monocytes and neutrophils) in the cord blood of C-section delivered compared to vaginally delivered newborn. In contrast, percentages of monocytes and neutrophils were > 2 folds higher in the placental tissues of C-section delivered newborn. More importantly, we observed lower percentages of CD71^+ erythroid cells in both cord blood and placental tissues of C-section delivered case. Lower CD71^+ erythroid cells were associated with a more pro-inflammatory milieu at the fetomaternal interface reflected by higher expression of inhibitory receptors on CD4^+ T cells, higher frequency of monocytes and neutrophils. Furthermore, type of delivery impacted the gene expression profile in CD71^+erythroid cells. Finally, we found that C-section delivered child had > 20-fold higher FCP in his fecal sample at 12 wk of age.CONCLUSION Mode of delivery impacted immune cells profile in cord blood/placenta. In particular frequency of immunosuppressive CD71^+ erythroid cells was reduced in C-section delivered newborn.
基金supported by a grant of the Seoul National University Dental Hospital,Republic of Korea,No.03-2010-0020
文摘Several studies have demonstrated that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells can promote neural regeneration following brain injury. However, the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells in guiding peripheral nerve regeneration remain poorly understood. This study was designed to investigate the effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells on neural regeneration using a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells （1 ~ 106） or a PBS control were injected into the crush-injured segment of the sciatic nerve. Four weeks after cell injection, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine kinase receptor B mRNA expression at the lesion site was increased in comparison to control. Furthermore, sciatic function index, Fluoro Gold-labeled neuron counts and axon density were also significantly increased when compared with control. Our results indicate that human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchvmal stem cells promote the functinnal r~.RcJv^rv nf P.n I^h-inillr^4 ~r^i~tit, n^r~e
