VEXAS(vacuoles,E1 enzyme,X-linked,autoinflammatory,somatic)syndrome is a severe and progressive disease,characterized by clinical features that bridge rheumatologic and hematologic conditions.[1]VEXAS syndrome is a ra...VEXAS(vacuoles,E1 enzyme,X-linked,autoinflammatory,somatic)syndrome is a severe and progressive disease,characterized by clinical features that bridge rheumatologic and hematologic conditions.[1]VEXAS syndrome is a rare condition that was not reported until 2020.[2]Since then,interest among dermatologists,hematologists,and rheumatologists with published works has increased,[3]but none of them reported in the emergency setting,nor have any cases arisen following COVID-19 infection.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate laboratory findings that predict bacterial meningitis in emergency service and their diagnostic effectiveness.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients presenting with m...Objective:To evaluate laboratory findings that predict bacterial meningitis in emergency service and their diagnostic effectiveness.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients presenting with meningitis symptoms at a referral hospital in Mersin,Turkey,between January 2019 and January 2022.Clinical findings and laboratory results,including leukocyte count,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin levels in blood,were examined.Logistic regression,Chi square test,and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve analyses assessed the predictive value of these parameters.Results:A total of 199 participants were included in the study;99 patients were diagnosed with meningitis after lumbar puncture and 100 served as controls.Patients with meningitis exhibited significantly higher leukocyte counts(median:11890×10^(3)/μL vs.7905×10^(3)/μL,P<0.001)and CRP levels(median:6.00 mg/dL vs.0.95 mg/dL,P<0.001)compared to controls.Procalcitonin levels were significantly elevated in meningitis patients(median:0.21 ng/mL vs.0.10 ng/mL,P<0.001).Logistic regression identified albumin(OR=0.16,95%CI=0.06-0.40),and CRP(OR=1.18,95%CI=1.08-1.28)as independent predictors of meningitis.ROC analysis for CRP demonstrated a sensitivity of 80.6%and specificity of 70.0%at a cut-off value of 2.23 mg/dL(AUC=0.792).Conclusions:Elevated albumin levels and CRP contents in the blood were significant predictors of meningitis in emergency service.Early identification of predictive markers may aid in timely lumbar puncture and management of atypical cases.展开更多
Patients with cheiro-oral syndrome(COS) often present with minor perioral and upper extremity sensory disturbances,which can be easily overlooked in busy emergency departments(EDs).^([1]) COS,a rare spectrum of stroke...Patients with cheiro-oral syndrome(COS) often present with minor perioral and upper extremity sensory disturbances,which can be easily overlooked in busy emergency departments(EDs).^([1]) COS,a rare spectrum of stroke syndromes,necessitates expeditious and aggressive modification of risk factors.展开更多
The quality of care and treatment can be impacted by a number of factors, including the rate of missed care. The present study was conducted with the aim to evaluate missed nursing care (MNC) and its association with ...The quality of care and treatment can be impacted by a number of factors, including the rate of missed care. The present study was conducted with the aim to evaluate missed nursing care (MNC) and its association with patient safety culture in the emergency department (ED). Until September 2024, the international databases MEDLINE (PubMed and Ovid), Embase and Cochrane, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EBSCO, ISI, Elsevier, and Google Scholar were searched using the search terms including patient safety culture and MNC. A total of eight articles were reviewed. In the fixed-effect model with low heterogeneity (I^(2) = 0%, P = 1), the mean score of overall MNC was 2.07 (ES, 2.97;95% confidence interval: −2.21-6.35). According to meta-regression analyses, MNC significantly inversely correlated with patient safety culture, age, and work experience (P < 0.01). By improving the working conditions of ED nurses and providing training related to patient safety, the amount of lost nursing care will decrease.展开更多
BACKGROUND:The problem of prolonged emergency department length of stay(EDLOS) is becoming increasingly crucial.This study aims to develop a machine learning(ML) model to predict EDLOS,with EDLOS as the outcome variab...BACKGROUND:The problem of prolonged emergency department length of stay(EDLOS) is becoming increasingly crucial.This study aims to develop a machine learning(ML) model to predict EDLOS,with EDLOS as the outcome variable and demographic characteristics,triage level,and medical resource utilization as predictive factors.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on the patients who visited the emergency department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2019to September 2021,and a total of 321,012 cases were identified.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,187,028 cases were finally included in the analysis.ML analysis was performed using R-squared(R^(2)),and the predictive factors and the EDLOS were used as independent variables and dependent variables,respectively,to establish models.The performance evaluation of the ML models was conducted through the utilization of the mean absolute error(MAE),root mean square error(RMSE),and R^(2),enabling an objective comparative analysis.RESULTS:In the comparative analysis of the six ML models,light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM) model demonstrated the lowest MAE(443.519) and RMSE(826.783),and the highest R^(2) value(0.48),indicating better model fit and predictive performance.Among the top 10 predictive factors associated with EDLOS according to the LightGBM model,the emergency waiting time,age,and emergency arrival time had the most significant impact on the EDLOS.CONCLUSION:The LightGBM model suggests that the emergency waiting time,age,and emergency arrival time may be used to predict the EDLOS.展开更多
BACKGROUND Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)is the use of portable ultrasound devices by trained healthcare professionals to diagnose and monitor medical conditions directly at the patient's bedside,such as in emerg...BACKGROUND Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)is the use of portable ultrasound devices by trained healthcare professionals to diagnose and monitor medical conditions directly at the patient's bedside,such as in emergency settings.We described a case where POCUS use,in Pediatric Emergency Department,allowed an early diagnosis and timely management in the surgical department,with a favorable outcome for child.Therefore we write this case because it is desirable to po-pularize ultrasound as the fifth pillar of clinical examination especially in Emer-gency Department CASE SUMMARY A 13-year-old girl with acute gastrointestinal symptoms,such as vomit and abdominal and lumbar pains.Upon physical examination,the patient had lo-calized abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant.Ultrasonography performed at the bedside revealed an enlarged left ovary with an irregular structure containing a 3 cm cyst.These findings raised suspicion of ovarian torsion.The child tran-sferred to Gynecology Surgery Unit,where she was taken emergently to the ope-rating room CONCLUSION It is desirable to spread POCUS in emergency settings where it allows a sig-nificant saving of time in patient management.展开更多
We read the article by Karim MM et al discusses the presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism as recurrent acute pancreatitis,a rare clinical condition in pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department.As...We read the article by Karim MM et al discusses the presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism as recurrent acute pancreatitis,a rare clinical condition in pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department.As emergency medicine clinicians,we frequently encounter diverse and complex cases,and such rare conditions pose significant challenges in the diagnostic process.This article will discuss the management and diagnostic approach of such cases encountered in the emergency department.展开更多
Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and manag...Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and management of foreign bodies in the lower airways. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 6-year period (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019) in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of Donka National Hospital. Results: We observed a prevalence of 1.79%. The average age was 5.71 years, with a sex ratio of 1.2. However, 82.61% of the cases originated from rural areas. We noted that 78.83% of patients were referred after visiting 1 to 2 healthcare facilities (75.36%). The consultation delay was 3 days. Penetration syndrome was present in 98.56% of cases. The foreign body incidents occurred during play in 54.84% and during meals in 29.09% of cases. Radiographs were performed in 93.9% of cases. Endoscopy was used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. The foreign bodies were located in the trachea (37.68%), larynx (26.08%), and bronchi (21.73%). Non-organic foreign bodies were predominant (52.17%). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 95.98% of cases, and the lethality rate was 2.85%. Conclusion: The pathway of patients with foreign bodies in the airways remains unpredictable in our context due to parental hesitations. Early management reduces morbidity and mortality rates.展开更多
Introduction: Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that develop from the connective and muscular tissues of the uterus. Common among African-American women, patients suffering from them often arrive late to the hospital...Introduction: Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that develop from the connective and muscular tissues of the uterus. Common among African-American women, patients suffering from them often arrive late to the hospital in our African regions. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perception of uterine fibroids among women who came to the gynecology-obstetrics department of the Regional Hospital Center (CHR) Tsévié. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study, with data collection conducted from May 7th to 20th, 2024, using systematic sampling. The study included all women present in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of CHR Tsévié during the study period who willingly and informedly consented to participate in the survey. Results: 362 women participated in the study. Among them, 36.8% had a secondary level, and 72.9% were Christians. About 97.5% had heard of uterine fibroids. In 63.5% of cases, their entourage was the principal source of information. The diagnostic methods mentioned by the women were ultrasound in 94.6% of cases, while prayers and occultism were also cited in 28% and 33.3% of cases, respectively. While 91.9% of the women considered the hospital, the place for treatment, some indicated that treatment would require plant-based approaches (46.8%) and prayers (26%). The cost of treatment was an obstacle for 85.4% of women, and 61.3% expressed fear of dying during surgery. There was a statistically significant relationship between treatment choice and religion. Conclusion: The majority of women had heard of uterine fibroids but had incorrect information about the treatment.展开更多
Introduction: Uterine rupture is certainly one of the most serious, as it immediately jeopardises the vital prognosis of the mother and foetus. It is a common obstetric tragedy in our delivery rooms in countries with ...Introduction: Uterine rupture is certainly one of the most serious, as it immediately jeopardises the vital prognosis of the mother and foetus. It is a common obstetric tragedy in our delivery rooms in countries with limited resources, reflecting the poor quality of obstetric care and, consequently, an unmet obstetric need. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection over a four-year period from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2023 at the University Hospital Centre (CHU) of Bouaké, in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department. The variables studied were epidemiological characteristics, therapeutic aspects and factors associated with maternal. Results: The prevalence of uterine rupture was 0.63%. The average age was 32, with patients aged 35 and over accounting for 33.68%, married 44.21% and 70% not in education. Patients with uterine rupture had been evacuated in 85.26% of cases. Uterine rupture was diagnosed in 97.89% of cases during labour. Maternal lethality due to rupture was 15.79%. The causes of maternal death were dominated by haemorrhagic shock (53.33%). Factors statistically associated with death were age ≥ 35 years (OR: 3.14), duration of labour ≥ 12 hours (OR: 5.8), multiparity (OR: 19.04), admission delay beyond 2 hours (OR: 4.36), haemoglobin level ≤ 7 g/dl (OR: 36.84), coma or obnubilation (OR: 71.82), haemorrhagic shock (OR: 243.94) and occurrence of post-operative complications (OR: 76.45). Conclusion: The frequency of uterine rupture remains significant in the department (0.63%), with maternal mortality still high (15.79%). The key to reducing uterine rupture and its consequences lies in timely referral and early, appropriate management.展开更多
Phencyclidine(PCP,known as angel dust) is a nonbarbiturate,non-narcotic intravenous(IV) anesthetic with potent analgesic effects.However,its medical use was discontinued because of postoperative agitation,disorientati...Phencyclidine(PCP,known as angel dust) is a nonbarbiturate,non-narcotic intravenous(IV) anesthetic with potent analgesic effects.However,its medical use was discontinued because of postoperative agitation,disorientation,psychosis,cardiotoxicity,and hallucinogenic effects.Consequently,the PCP began to be illicitly distributed.The use methods include snorting,inhalation,IV,and subcutaneous(SC) injection.[1-5] The characteristic toxidrome of PCP includes altered mental status,tachycardia,and nystagmus.At higher doses,patients may become comatose and develop sympathomimetic effects such as tachycardia,hypertension,hypersalivation,urinary retention,and bronchospasm.In cases of intoxication,the pupillary light reflex remains intact,although the pupil size may vary.[1,3-6] PCP has a direct cardiotoxic effect and may induce arrhythmias.[2] Hyperreflexia,muscle rigidity,choreiform movements and muscle fasciculations may occur.[2,4,6] PCP-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) and alveolar hemorrhage(AH) are rare but potentially life-threatening complications.The main causes of non-traumatic death in patients with PCP intoxication include cardiopulmonary arrest,intracranial hemorrhage and rhabdomyolysis.[2,3,5] This case report aims to emphasize the management and potential benefits of inhaled N-acetylcysteine(NAC) and tranexamic acid(TXA)for PCP-induced ARDS and AH.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a severe and fatal complication of acute heart failure(AHF).Existing studies on AKI following AHF in the Chinese population have scarce insights available from the emergency depar...BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a severe and fatal complication of acute heart failure(AHF).Existing studies on AKI following AHF in the Chinese population have scarce insights available from the emergency department(ED).This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of patients with AHF complicated with AKI in a Chinese ED cohort,and to establish a risk prediction model.METHODS:Hospitalized patients diagnosed with AHF in the ED from December 2016 to September 2023 were included.The overall dataset were divided into the training set and the testing set at a 7:3 ratio.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for AKI in patients with AHF in the training set,leading to the development of a risk prediction model.The performance of the model was further assessed.RESULTS:A total of 789 patients with AHF were enrolled,with an AKI incidence of 29.7%.The mortality rates of the AKI and non-AKI groups were 23.1%and 7.6%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of white blood cell(OR=2.368;95%CI:1.502-3.733,P<0.001),albumin(OR=2.669;95%CI:1.601-4.451,P<0.001),serum creatinine(OR=3.221;95%CI:1.935-5.363,P<0.001),and hemoglobin(OR=2.009;95%CI:1.259-3.205,P=0.003),maximum 24-h furosemide dosage(OR=2.196;95%CI:1.346-3.582,P=0.002),the use of non-invasive ventilation(OR=2.419;95%CI:1.454-4.024,P=0.001),and diabetes mellitus(OR=3.192;95%CI:2.014-5.059,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for AKI after AHF.These factors were subsequently incorporated into a risk prediction model.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC)curve for the predictive model was 0.815(95%CI:0.776-0.854)and 0.802(95%CI:0.776-0.854)in the training set and the testing set,respectively.CONCLUSION:This risk prediction model might assist physician to predict AKI following AHF effectively in the emergency setting.展开更多
Introduction: The therapeutic approach to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has evolved profoundly. Surgical treatment is reserved for complicated cases and the reference surgical technique is transurethral resection...Introduction: The therapeutic approach to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has evolved profoundly. Surgical treatment is reserved for complicated cases and the reference surgical technique is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). This work aims to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate in our department. Materials and Methods: We conducted a descriptive study with retrospective data collection over a 12-month period from November 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024. The urology unit, an integral part of the surgery department, of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital in Conakry served as the setting for this study. It included 27 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy treated surgically by monopolar transurethral resection and having a usable medical record. The parameters studied were epidemiological, clinics and therapeutic. Results: The mean age of the patients was 68.57 ± 5.7 years with extremes from 50 to 79 years. The peak frequency was observed between 70 and 79 years (48.15%). All our patients had lower urinary tract disorders, i.e. 100% of cases. On digital rectal examination, an increase in the volume of the prostate of benign appearance was observed in all cases. The mean prostate volume was 43.7 cc on ultrasound with extremes from 34 cc to 58 cc. The total PSA level was less than 4 ng/ml in the majority of cases. The postoperative course was generally uncomplicated (n = 26) with removal of the urinary catheter on the second postoperative day (D2). However, one peroperative complication was observed in one patient;it was a bladder breach, leading to the passage of glycine into the peritoneum. Conclusion: Transurethral resection of the prostate has reduced the length of hospital stay of our patients, as well as the comorbidities associated with the treatment. The complications associated with it are rare but potentially serious. Its performance requires in-depth mastery of the endoscopic anatomy of the lower urinary tract as well as technical operative expertise.展开更多
Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial obstruction of the upper airways (hypopnea) and/or intermittent compl...Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial obstruction of the upper airways (hypopnea) and/or intermittent complete obstruction (apnea). Our aim is to study the role of adeno-tonsillectomy in the management of OSAHS in children. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted in the ENT-Head and Neck Surgery department of Ignace Deen National Hospital over a six-month period. We included in our study all patients aged 0 to 15 years, presenting with OSAHS of ENT etiology and who had undergone tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy. Results: The frequency of OSAHS was 13%. The mean age of our patients was 5.1 ± 3.8 years. There was a predominance of males (69.6%) with a sex ratio of 2.28. Snoring (98.6%), nasal obstruction (97.1%), and mouth breathing (96.6%) were the main reasons for consultation. Adeno-tonsillectomy (45.4%) was the primary surgical intervention. Almost all children (99.0%) had a simple postoperative course. Conclusion: OSAHS is a condition with a multifactorial etiology. Adeno-tonsillectomy remains the first-line surgical treatment to prevent severe complications and relieve the patient. Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential in the management of OSAHS.展开更多
Introduction: Urethral prolapse, a rare benign lesion of the female urethra, is considered unusual in children, but it is far from exceptional in girls aged 18 to 24. African origin. The diagnosis is clinical but can ...Introduction: Urethral prolapse, a rare benign lesion of the female urethra, is considered unusual in children, but it is far from exceptional in girls aged 18 to 24. African origin. The diagnosis is clinical but can be overlooked or confused with other pathologies. Treatment remains controversial. The aim of this work is to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic data of urethral mucosal prolapse in young girls in our department. Materials and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study on urethral mucosal prolapse in little girls identified from the hospitalization records of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital in Conakry. The study period was 5 years. Patients were selected randomly. Outcome assessment focused on the occurrence of recurrences and urinary incontinence. The mean follow-up duration was 24 months. The parameters studied were: Age, clinical and histological findings, therapeutic data and patient outcomes. Results: The incidence of urethral mucosal prolapse in girls in the urology department was 2.2 cases/year. The mean age of the patients was 6.7 years (with extremes of 5 months and 10 years). The age group of 7 to 10 years was the most represented, observed in 63.63% of patients. The most frequent reason for consultation was vulvar bleeding in 7 patients, or 63.63%. Malpighian hyperplasia with a congested chorion was the most observed histological type, in 4 patients. Surgical treatment consisting of complete excision of the prolapsed part had given excellent results. Conclusion: Urethral prolapse is a rare pathology, observed mainly in young black girls. Its diagnosis is based mainly on clinical examination. Surgical treatment gives satisfactory results, both clinically and aesthetically.展开更多
Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most common metabolic complication of diabetes. Although historically reported in children, it is increasingly observed in adults. Short-term outcomes and prognosis var...Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most common metabolic complication of diabetes. Although historically reported in children, it is increasingly observed in adults. Short-term outcomes and prognosis vary widely across healthcare settings. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence, diagnostic characteristics, and outcomes of newly diagnosed diabetic ketoacidosis in a hospital setting in Dakar. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from January 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021, in the Endocrinology-Metabolism Department of the Pikine National Hospital Center. All diabetic patients hospitalized for newly diagnosed diabetic ketoacidosis during this period were included. Results: A total of 54 patients were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of newly diagnosed DKA in the facility was 17.1%. The mean age was 38.54 years, with a male predominance and a sex ratio of 1.16. Thirty-five patients had a family history of diabetes. Upon admission, 14.9% of patients had altered consciousness, and 92.4% exhibited cardinal symptoms, with an average duration of 14.2 days. Kussmaul breathing and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed in 13% and 33% of cases, respectively. The mean capillary blood glucose level at admission was 3.43 g/L. Infection was identified as the precipitating factor in half of the cases, while no triggering factor was found in the remaining cases. The mean BMI was 25.27 kg/m², and the average glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 12.2%. We recorded the diabetes classification for all patients. Nine had type 1 diabetes, twelve had type 1b diabetes, thirty-one had type 2 diabetes, and two had diabetes secondary to corticosteroid therapy. All patients received continuous intravenous insulin therapy via a syringe pump. The mean time to ketosis resolution was 34.6 hours. The average total dose of regular insulin administered was 442.3 IU. The mean duration of hospitalization was 7.6 days. One patient died, and fifty-one were discharged while continuing insulin therapy, with an average dose of 53 IU. Conclusion: The prevalence of newly diagnosed DKA remains high. With proper management, the prognosis is generally favorable. Diabetes classification is crucial, as it determines subsequent treatment strategies.展开更多
Still common in developing countries, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is not only a disease of children and adolescents, but can also occur in adults. At this age, the diagnosis of rheumatic flare-ups can be difficult due...Still common in developing countries, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is not only a disease of children and adolescents, but can also occur in adults. At this age, the diagnosis of rheumatic flare-ups can be difficult due to the frequency of other types of joint diseases and the existence of degenerative and dystrophic valve disease. In adults, the initial rheumatic attack is marked by the predominance of joint damage over cardiac damage. However, it is often at this age that rheumatic valve disease is discovered. The revised Jones criteria also find their place in the diagnosis of AAR in adults. Objective: To study the demographic, clinical, and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in the General Medicine Department of the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational study examined the demographic, clinical and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) at the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital, Guinea, between April 1 and September 31, 2021 according to Jones criteria. The data were collected on a form containing sociodemographic variables (age, sex, profession), rheumatological, cardiac, pulmonary and neurological clinical signs, biological variables and treatment. Results: Figure 1 shows the flow of the hospital frequency of the RAA in the General Medicine Department of the Prefectural Hospital of Siguiri. During the study period, 420 patients were hospitalized, of whom 161 patients had AAR, a frequency of 38.33%. Table 1 shows the distribution of patients diagnosed with ARB, by sociodemographic characteristics. The average age was 44.7 ± 19.78 years and the extremes of 14 and 90 years, the female sex dominated with a ratio of 0.75. The informal sector was in the majority in 45.34% of cases and most were illiterate, i.e. 53.42%. In our study, the incidence was lower during the dry season than during the rainy season, a hot season with high rainfall and humidity, the rainy period was a provider with a peak in August and September. The lifestyle was characterized by overcrowding in 87.58% of patients. The main complaint was fever, i.e. 88.82%. Rheumatological manifestations such as arthritis were 98.14%, chest pain was 37.89% (61 cases). The diagnosis was confirmed by ASLO titration in 85.71% of patients and 98.55% (136 cases) had a titration greater than 400 U/ml. Conclusion: The results obtained from our study show a high prevalence of acute rheumatic fever, which makes it a worrying health problem in the Siguiri health district. Young female adult patients, married with an informal profession and not in school residing in Siguiri were the most encountered in our study. The main functional signs mentioned by the patients were fever, cough and abdominal pain;osteoarticular pain and chest pain dominated the clinical picture. Almost all of our patients had an ASLO titer greater than 400 U/ml and a positive C-reactive protein. Our results show a high risk of spread of acute rheumatic fever within the population of Siguiri. Due to the serious complications caused by acute rheumatic fever, particular attention must be paid to it by carrying out other, much larger studies in order to identify the problem of RAA.展开更多
Propofol(2,6-di-isopropylphenol) is a short-acting,intravenous sedative drug.^([1,2]) The pharmacologic mechanism of propofol is related to its agonistic effects on the gamma-amino butyric acid receptor.^([1-3]) Propo...Propofol(2,6-di-isopropylphenol) is a short-acting,intravenous sedative drug.^([1,2]) The pharmacologic mechanism of propofol is related to its agonistic effects on the gamma-amino butyric acid receptor.^([1-3]) Propofol injection pain(PIP) is well-known in the operating room and is commonly countered by the prophylactic administration of lidocaine.In anesthesia,PIP is encountered in 28%–90% of patients.^([4,5]) However,PIPprophylaxis does not seem to be efficacious in every population.^([6,7]) Whether procedural sedation and analgesia(PSA) in the emergency department(ED) warrants lidocaine administration is unclear.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ureteroneocystostomy(UNC)is considered the gold standard for pediatric vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)treatment.While UNC lowers the likelihood of needing additional VUR procedures within 12 months,patients also...BACKGROUND Ureteroneocystostomy(UNC)is considered the gold standard for pediatric vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)treatment.While UNC lowers the likelihood of needing additional VUR procedures within 12 months,patients also have high 30-day and 90-day readmission rates and emergency department(ED)visits.The most common causes of an ED visit following any urologic procedure are urinary tract infections(UTIs)and catheter/drain concerns.Prior studies are limited in identifying predisposing factors to help mitigate complications of UNC and improve patient outcomes.AIM To identify modifiable characteristics at the time of discharge after UNC that predict subsequent unplanned ED visits.METHODS The 2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric data was analyzed for patients undergoing UNC for VUR.A total of 1742 patients were evaluated,with 1495 meeting inclusion criteria.Patients with an ED visit within 30 days following an anti-reflux procedure(n=164)were compared to those who did not return to the ED(n=1331).Basic statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed to find predictive factors associated with postoperative ED visits after UNC.RESULTS Among the 1495 patients,11.0%visited the ED within the 30-day postoperative period.Patients who returned to the ED visit following UNC were more likely to have had a longer mean operative time,surgical site infection,postoperative UTI,postoperative sepsis,history of prior readmission,unplanned reoperation,blood transfusion,or unplanned urinary catheter placement.Multivariate analysis revealed postoperative UTI(P<0.001),superficial surgical site infection(P=0.022),unplanned procedure(P<0.001),unplanned urinary catheter(P<0.001),and prematurity(35-36 weeks gestation)(P=0.004)as independent risk factors for postoperative ED visits.CONCLUSION Utmost caution is needed prior to discharge after UNC to forestall a return to the ED.Postoperative infection remains a primary risk for ED visits in the acute postoperative period.展开更多
Toxocariasis is a helminthic zoonosis due to the presence in the human body of larvae of Toxocara sp., roundworms of the Ascaridae family. Less than 50 cases of central involvement related to toxocarasis have been rep...Toxocariasis is a helminthic zoonosis due to the presence in the human body of larvae of Toxocara sp., roundworms of the Ascaridae family. Less than 50 cases of central involvement related to toxocarasis have been reported in immunocompetent individuals. This involvement can result in epilepsy, meningoencephalitis, myelitis or encephalopathy. The standard treatment is albendazole at a dosage of 10 to 15 mg/kg/day. The duration of treatment varies greatly depending on the clinical cases reported, ranging from 5 days to several weeks in the case of severe forms. We report a case of myelitis due to Toxocara canis in a 14-year-old patient admitted for gait disorders. The laboratory assessment shows isolated hypereosinophilia at 8000 elements per mm3. Medullary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intradural process of inflammatory and infectious appearance extended between T10 and L1 levels, hypointense in T1, hyperintense in T2, and homogeneous. Parasitological analysis of the stools noted the presence of high concentrations of Toxocara canis. Serology by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is strongly positive for toxocariasis, and western blot confirms the presence of antibodies directed against Toxocara larvae. Treatment with albendazole 400 mg × 2/day for 10 days associated with corticosteroid therapy (prednisone 50 mg/day for 5 days) allowed the disappearance of pain in 8 days, normalization of eosinophilia and improvement of walking.展开更多
基金National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(Scientific Research Seed Fund of Peking University First Hospital).
文摘VEXAS(vacuoles,E1 enzyme,X-linked,autoinflammatory,somatic)syndrome is a severe and progressive disease,characterized by clinical features that bridge rheumatologic and hematologic conditions.[1]VEXAS syndrome is a rare condition that was not reported until 2020.[2]Since then,interest among dermatologists,hematologists,and rheumatologists with published works has increased,[3]but none of them reported in the emergency setting,nor have any cases arisen following COVID-19 infection.
文摘Objective:To evaluate laboratory findings that predict bacterial meningitis in emergency service and their diagnostic effectiveness.Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from patients presenting with meningitis symptoms at a referral hospital in Mersin,Turkey,between January 2019 and January 2022.Clinical findings and laboratory results,including leukocyte count,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin levels in blood,were examined.Logistic regression,Chi square test,and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve analyses assessed the predictive value of these parameters.Results:A total of 199 participants were included in the study;99 patients were diagnosed with meningitis after lumbar puncture and 100 served as controls.Patients with meningitis exhibited significantly higher leukocyte counts(median:11890×10^(3)/μL vs.7905×10^(3)/μL,P<0.001)and CRP levels(median:6.00 mg/dL vs.0.95 mg/dL,P<0.001)compared to controls.Procalcitonin levels were significantly elevated in meningitis patients(median:0.21 ng/mL vs.0.10 ng/mL,P<0.001).Logistic regression identified albumin(OR=0.16,95%CI=0.06-0.40),and CRP(OR=1.18,95%CI=1.08-1.28)as independent predictors of meningitis.ROC analysis for CRP demonstrated a sensitivity of 80.6%and specificity of 70.0%at a cut-off value of 2.23 mg/dL(AUC=0.792).Conclusions:Elevated albumin levels and CRP contents in the blood were significant predictors of meningitis in emergency service.Early identification of predictive markers may aid in timely lumbar puncture and management of atypical cases.
文摘Patients with cheiro-oral syndrome(COS) often present with minor perioral and upper extremity sensory disturbances,which can be easily overlooked in busy emergency departments(EDs).^([1]) COS,a rare spectrum of stroke syndromes,necessitates expeditious and aggressive modification of risk factors.
文摘The quality of care and treatment can be impacted by a number of factors, including the rate of missed care. The present study was conducted with the aim to evaluate missed nursing care (MNC) and its association with patient safety culture in the emergency department (ED). Until September 2024, the international databases MEDLINE (PubMed and Ovid), Embase and Cochrane, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EBSCO, ISI, Elsevier, and Google Scholar were searched using the search terms including patient safety culture and MNC. A total of eight articles were reviewed. In the fixed-effect model with low heterogeneity (I^(2) = 0%, P = 1), the mean score of overall MNC was 2.07 (ES, 2.97;95% confidence interval: −2.21-6.35). According to meta-regression analyses, MNC significantly inversely correlated with patient safety culture, age, and work experience (P < 0.01). By improving the working conditions of ED nurses and providing training related to patient safety, the amount of lost nursing care will decrease.
基金supported by Guangzhou Municipal Health Science and Technology General Program (20221A011083)the Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou(2021-2023)Guangdong University Innovation Team Project(2024KCXTD029)。
文摘BACKGROUND:The problem of prolonged emergency department length of stay(EDLOS) is becoming increasingly crucial.This study aims to develop a machine learning(ML) model to predict EDLOS,with EDLOS as the outcome variable and demographic characteristics,triage level,and medical resource utilization as predictive factors.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on the patients who visited the emergency department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from March 2019to September 2021,and a total of 321,012 cases were identified.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,187,028 cases were finally included in the analysis.ML analysis was performed using R-squared(R^(2)),and the predictive factors and the EDLOS were used as independent variables and dependent variables,respectively,to establish models.The performance evaluation of the ML models was conducted through the utilization of the mean absolute error(MAE),root mean square error(RMSE),and R^(2),enabling an objective comparative analysis.RESULTS:In the comparative analysis of the six ML models,light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM) model demonstrated the lowest MAE(443.519) and RMSE(826.783),and the highest R^(2) value(0.48),indicating better model fit and predictive performance.Among the top 10 predictive factors associated with EDLOS according to the LightGBM model,the emergency waiting time,age,and emergency arrival time had the most significant impact on the EDLOS.CONCLUSION:The LightGBM model suggests that the emergency waiting time,age,and emergency arrival time may be used to predict the EDLOS.
文摘BACKGROUND Point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)is the use of portable ultrasound devices by trained healthcare professionals to diagnose and monitor medical conditions directly at the patient's bedside,such as in emergency settings.We described a case where POCUS use,in Pediatric Emergency Department,allowed an early diagnosis and timely management in the surgical department,with a favorable outcome for child.Therefore we write this case because it is desirable to po-pularize ultrasound as the fifth pillar of clinical examination especially in Emer-gency Department CASE SUMMARY A 13-year-old girl with acute gastrointestinal symptoms,such as vomit and abdominal and lumbar pains.Upon physical examination,the patient had lo-calized abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant.Ultrasonography performed at the bedside revealed an enlarged left ovary with an irregular structure containing a 3 cm cyst.These findings raised suspicion of ovarian torsion.The child tran-sferred to Gynecology Surgery Unit,where she was taken emergently to the ope-rating room CONCLUSION It is desirable to spread POCUS in emergency settings where it allows a sig-nificant saving of time in patient management.
文摘We read the article by Karim MM et al discusses the presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism as recurrent acute pancreatitis,a rare clinical condition in pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department.As emergency medicine clinicians,we frequently encounter diverse and complex cases,and such rare conditions pose significant challenges in the diagnostic process.This article will discuss the management and diagnostic approach of such cases encountered in the emergency department.
文摘Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) in the lower airways (LAs) constitute a potentially life-threatening emergency requiring immediate management. The objective of our study was to describe the patient pathway and management of foreign bodies in the lower airways. Methodology: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection conducted over a 6-year period (January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019) in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of Donka National Hospital. Results: We observed a prevalence of 1.79%. The average age was 5.71 years, with a sex ratio of 1.2. However, 82.61% of the cases originated from rural areas. We noted that 78.83% of patients were referred after visiting 1 to 2 healthcare facilities (75.36%). The consultation delay was 3 days. Penetration syndrome was present in 98.56% of cases. The foreign body incidents occurred during play in 54.84% and during meals in 29.09% of cases. Radiographs were performed in 93.9% of cases. Endoscopy was used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. The foreign bodies were located in the trachea (37.68%), larynx (26.08%), and bronchi (21.73%). Non-organic foreign bodies were predominant (52.17%). Postoperative outcomes were uncomplicated in 95.98% of cases, and the lethality rate was 2.85%. Conclusion: The pathway of patients with foreign bodies in the airways remains unpredictable in our context due to parental hesitations. Early management reduces morbidity and mortality rates.
文摘Introduction: Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that develop from the connective and muscular tissues of the uterus. Common among African-American women, patients suffering from them often arrive late to the hospital in our African regions. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perception of uterine fibroids among women who came to the gynecology-obstetrics department of the Regional Hospital Center (CHR) Tsévié. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study, with data collection conducted from May 7th to 20th, 2024, using systematic sampling. The study included all women present in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of CHR Tsévié during the study period who willingly and informedly consented to participate in the survey. Results: 362 women participated in the study. Among them, 36.8% had a secondary level, and 72.9% were Christians. About 97.5% had heard of uterine fibroids. In 63.5% of cases, their entourage was the principal source of information. The diagnostic methods mentioned by the women were ultrasound in 94.6% of cases, while prayers and occultism were also cited in 28% and 33.3% of cases, respectively. While 91.9% of the women considered the hospital, the place for treatment, some indicated that treatment would require plant-based approaches (46.8%) and prayers (26%). The cost of treatment was an obstacle for 85.4% of women, and 61.3% expressed fear of dying during surgery. There was a statistically significant relationship between treatment choice and religion. Conclusion: The majority of women had heard of uterine fibroids but had incorrect information about the treatment.
文摘Introduction: Uterine rupture is certainly one of the most serious, as it immediately jeopardises the vital prognosis of the mother and foetus. It is a common obstetric tragedy in our delivery rooms in countries with limited resources, reflecting the poor quality of obstetric care and, consequently, an unmet obstetric need. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection over a four-year period from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2023 at the University Hospital Centre (CHU) of Bouaké, in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department. The variables studied were epidemiological characteristics, therapeutic aspects and factors associated with maternal. Results: The prevalence of uterine rupture was 0.63%. The average age was 32, with patients aged 35 and over accounting for 33.68%, married 44.21% and 70% not in education. Patients with uterine rupture had been evacuated in 85.26% of cases. Uterine rupture was diagnosed in 97.89% of cases during labour. Maternal lethality due to rupture was 15.79%. The causes of maternal death were dominated by haemorrhagic shock (53.33%). Factors statistically associated with death were age ≥ 35 years (OR: 3.14), duration of labour ≥ 12 hours (OR: 5.8), multiparity (OR: 19.04), admission delay beyond 2 hours (OR: 4.36), haemoglobin level ≤ 7 g/dl (OR: 36.84), coma or obnubilation (OR: 71.82), haemorrhagic shock (OR: 243.94) and occurrence of post-operative complications (OR: 76.45). Conclusion: The frequency of uterine rupture remains significant in the department (0.63%), with maternal mortality still high (15.79%). The key to reducing uterine rupture and its consequences lies in timely referral and early, appropriate management.
文摘Phencyclidine(PCP,known as angel dust) is a nonbarbiturate,non-narcotic intravenous(IV) anesthetic with potent analgesic effects.However,its medical use was discontinued because of postoperative agitation,disorientation,psychosis,cardiotoxicity,and hallucinogenic effects.Consequently,the PCP began to be illicitly distributed.The use methods include snorting,inhalation,IV,and subcutaneous(SC) injection.[1-5] The characteristic toxidrome of PCP includes altered mental status,tachycardia,and nystagmus.At higher doses,patients may become comatose and develop sympathomimetic effects such as tachycardia,hypertension,hypersalivation,urinary retention,and bronchospasm.In cases of intoxication,the pupillary light reflex remains intact,although the pupil size may vary.[1,3-6] PCP has a direct cardiotoxic effect and may induce arrhythmias.[2] Hyperreflexia,muscle rigidity,choreiform movements and muscle fasciculations may occur.[2,4,6] PCP-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) and alveolar hemorrhage(AH) are rare but potentially life-threatening complications.The main causes of non-traumatic death in patients with PCP intoxication include cardiopulmonary arrest,intracranial hemorrhage and rhabdomyolysis.[2,3,5] This case report aims to emphasize the management and potential benefits of inhaled N-acetylcysteine(NAC) and tranexamic acid(TXA)for PCP-induced ARDS and AH.
基金supported by the Research and Development Fund of Peking University People’s Hospital,China(No.PTU2021-02).
文摘BACKGROUND:Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a severe and fatal complication of acute heart failure(AHF).Existing studies on AKI following AHF in the Chinese population have scarce insights available from the emergency department(ED).This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of patients with AHF complicated with AKI in a Chinese ED cohort,and to establish a risk prediction model.METHODS:Hospitalized patients diagnosed with AHF in the ED from December 2016 to September 2023 were included.The overall dataset were divided into the training set and the testing set at a 7:3 ratio.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for AKI in patients with AHF in the training set,leading to the development of a risk prediction model.The performance of the model was further assessed.RESULTS:A total of 789 patients with AHF were enrolled,with an AKI incidence of 29.7%.The mortality rates of the AKI and non-AKI groups were 23.1%and 7.6%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of white blood cell(OR=2.368;95%CI:1.502-3.733,P<0.001),albumin(OR=2.669;95%CI:1.601-4.451,P<0.001),serum creatinine(OR=3.221;95%CI:1.935-5.363,P<0.001),and hemoglobin(OR=2.009;95%CI:1.259-3.205,P=0.003),maximum 24-h furosemide dosage(OR=2.196;95%CI:1.346-3.582,P=0.002),the use of non-invasive ventilation(OR=2.419;95%CI:1.454-4.024,P=0.001),and diabetes mellitus(OR=3.192;95%CI:2.014-5.059,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for AKI after AHF.These factors were subsequently incorporated into a risk prediction model.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC)curve for the predictive model was 0.815(95%CI:0.776-0.854)and 0.802(95%CI:0.776-0.854)in the training set and the testing set,respectively.CONCLUSION:This risk prediction model might assist physician to predict AKI following AHF effectively in the emergency setting.
文摘Introduction: The therapeutic approach to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has evolved profoundly. Surgical treatment is reserved for complicated cases and the reference surgical technique is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). This work aims to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate in our department. Materials and Methods: We conducted a descriptive study with retrospective data collection over a 12-month period from November 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024. The urology unit, an integral part of the surgery department, of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital in Conakry served as the setting for this study. It included 27 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy treated surgically by monopolar transurethral resection and having a usable medical record. The parameters studied were epidemiological, clinics and therapeutic. Results: The mean age of the patients was 68.57 ± 5.7 years with extremes from 50 to 79 years. The peak frequency was observed between 70 and 79 years (48.15%). All our patients had lower urinary tract disorders, i.e. 100% of cases. On digital rectal examination, an increase in the volume of the prostate of benign appearance was observed in all cases. The mean prostate volume was 43.7 cc on ultrasound with extremes from 34 cc to 58 cc. The total PSA level was less than 4 ng/ml in the majority of cases. The postoperative course was generally uncomplicated (n = 26) with removal of the urinary catheter on the second postoperative day (D2). However, one peroperative complication was observed in one patient;it was a bladder breach, leading to the passage of glycine into the peritoneum. Conclusion: Transurethral resection of the prostate has reduced the length of hospital stay of our patients, as well as the comorbidities associated with the treatment. The complications associated with it are rare but potentially serious. Its performance requires in-depth mastery of the endoscopic anatomy of the lower urinary tract as well as technical operative expertise.
文摘Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial obstruction of the upper airways (hypopnea) and/or intermittent complete obstruction (apnea). Our aim is to study the role of adeno-tonsillectomy in the management of OSAHS in children. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted in the ENT-Head and Neck Surgery department of Ignace Deen National Hospital over a six-month period. We included in our study all patients aged 0 to 15 years, presenting with OSAHS of ENT etiology and who had undergone tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy. Results: The frequency of OSAHS was 13%. The mean age of our patients was 5.1 ± 3.8 years. There was a predominance of males (69.6%) with a sex ratio of 2.28. Snoring (98.6%), nasal obstruction (97.1%), and mouth breathing (96.6%) were the main reasons for consultation. Adeno-tonsillectomy (45.4%) was the primary surgical intervention. Almost all children (99.0%) had a simple postoperative course. Conclusion: OSAHS is a condition with a multifactorial etiology. Adeno-tonsillectomy remains the first-line surgical treatment to prevent severe complications and relieve the patient. Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential in the management of OSAHS.
文摘Introduction: Urethral prolapse, a rare benign lesion of the female urethra, is considered unusual in children, but it is far from exceptional in girls aged 18 to 24. African origin. The diagnosis is clinical but can be overlooked or confused with other pathologies. Treatment remains controversial. The aim of this work is to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic data of urethral mucosal prolapse in young girls in our department. Materials and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study on urethral mucosal prolapse in little girls identified from the hospitalization records of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospital in Conakry. The study period was 5 years. Patients were selected randomly. Outcome assessment focused on the occurrence of recurrences and urinary incontinence. The mean follow-up duration was 24 months. The parameters studied were: Age, clinical and histological findings, therapeutic data and patient outcomes. Results: The incidence of urethral mucosal prolapse in girls in the urology department was 2.2 cases/year. The mean age of the patients was 6.7 years (with extremes of 5 months and 10 years). The age group of 7 to 10 years was the most represented, observed in 63.63% of patients. The most frequent reason for consultation was vulvar bleeding in 7 patients, or 63.63%. Malpighian hyperplasia with a congested chorion was the most observed histological type, in 4 patients. Surgical treatment consisting of complete excision of the prolapsed part had given excellent results. Conclusion: Urethral prolapse is a rare pathology, observed mainly in young black girls. Its diagnosis is based mainly on clinical examination. Surgical treatment gives satisfactory results, both clinically and aesthetically.
文摘Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most common metabolic complication of diabetes. Although historically reported in children, it is increasingly observed in adults. Short-term outcomes and prognosis vary widely across healthcare settings. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence, diagnostic characteristics, and outcomes of newly diagnosed diabetic ketoacidosis in a hospital setting in Dakar. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from January 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021, in the Endocrinology-Metabolism Department of the Pikine National Hospital Center. All diabetic patients hospitalized for newly diagnosed diabetic ketoacidosis during this period were included. Results: A total of 54 patients were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of newly diagnosed DKA in the facility was 17.1%. The mean age was 38.54 years, with a male predominance and a sex ratio of 1.16. Thirty-five patients had a family history of diabetes. Upon admission, 14.9% of patients had altered consciousness, and 92.4% exhibited cardinal symptoms, with an average duration of 14.2 days. Kussmaul breathing and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed in 13% and 33% of cases, respectively. The mean capillary blood glucose level at admission was 3.43 g/L. Infection was identified as the precipitating factor in half of the cases, while no triggering factor was found in the remaining cases. The mean BMI was 25.27 kg/m², and the average glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 12.2%. We recorded the diabetes classification for all patients. Nine had type 1 diabetes, twelve had type 1b diabetes, thirty-one had type 2 diabetes, and two had diabetes secondary to corticosteroid therapy. All patients received continuous intravenous insulin therapy via a syringe pump. The mean time to ketosis resolution was 34.6 hours. The average total dose of regular insulin administered was 442.3 IU. The mean duration of hospitalization was 7.6 days. One patient died, and fifty-one were discharged while continuing insulin therapy, with an average dose of 53 IU. Conclusion: The prevalence of newly diagnosed DKA remains high. With proper management, the prognosis is generally favorable. Diabetes classification is crucial, as it determines subsequent treatment strategies.
文摘Still common in developing countries, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is not only a disease of children and adolescents, but can also occur in adults. At this age, the diagnosis of rheumatic flare-ups can be difficult due to the frequency of other types of joint diseases and the existence of degenerative and dystrophic valve disease. In adults, the initial rheumatic attack is marked by the predominance of joint damage over cardiac damage. However, it is often at this age that rheumatic valve disease is discovered. The revised Jones criteria also find their place in the diagnosis of AAR in adults. Objective: To study the demographic, clinical, and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in the General Medicine Department of the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational study examined the demographic, clinical and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) at the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital, Guinea, between April 1 and September 31, 2021 according to Jones criteria. The data were collected on a form containing sociodemographic variables (age, sex, profession), rheumatological, cardiac, pulmonary and neurological clinical signs, biological variables and treatment. Results: Figure 1 shows the flow of the hospital frequency of the RAA in the General Medicine Department of the Prefectural Hospital of Siguiri. During the study period, 420 patients were hospitalized, of whom 161 patients had AAR, a frequency of 38.33%. Table 1 shows the distribution of patients diagnosed with ARB, by sociodemographic characteristics. The average age was 44.7 ± 19.78 years and the extremes of 14 and 90 years, the female sex dominated with a ratio of 0.75. The informal sector was in the majority in 45.34% of cases and most were illiterate, i.e. 53.42%. In our study, the incidence was lower during the dry season than during the rainy season, a hot season with high rainfall and humidity, the rainy period was a provider with a peak in August and September. The lifestyle was characterized by overcrowding in 87.58% of patients. The main complaint was fever, i.e. 88.82%. Rheumatological manifestations such as arthritis were 98.14%, chest pain was 37.89% (61 cases). The diagnosis was confirmed by ASLO titration in 85.71% of patients and 98.55% (136 cases) had a titration greater than 400 U/ml. Conclusion: The results obtained from our study show a high prevalence of acute rheumatic fever, which makes it a worrying health problem in the Siguiri health district. Young female adult patients, married with an informal profession and not in school residing in Siguiri were the most encountered in our study. The main functional signs mentioned by the patients were fever, cough and abdominal pain;osteoarticular pain and chest pain dominated the clinical picture. Almost all of our patients had an ASLO titer greater than 400 U/ml and a positive C-reactive protein. Our results show a high risk of spread of acute rheumatic fever within the population of Siguiri. Due to the serious complications caused by acute rheumatic fever, particular attention must be paid to it by carrying out other, much larger studies in order to identify the problem of RAA.
文摘Propofol(2,6-di-isopropylphenol) is a short-acting,intravenous sedative drug.^([1,2]) The pharmacologic mechanism of propofol is related to its agonistic effects on the gamma-amino butyric acid receptor.^([1-3]) Propofol injection pain(PIP) is well-known in the operating room and is commonly countered by the prophylactic administration of lidocaine.In anesthesia,PIP is encountered in 28%–90% of patients.^([4,5]) However,PIPprophylaxis does not seem to be efficacious in every population.^([6,7]) Whether procedural sedation and analgesia(PSA) in the emergency department(ED) warrants lidocaine administration is unclear.
文摘BACKGROUND Ureteroneocystostomy(UNC)is considered the gold standard for pediatric vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)treatment.While UNC lowers the likelihood of needing additional VUR procedures within 12 months,patients also have high 30-day and 90-day readmission rates and emergency department(ED)visits.The most common causes of an ED visit following any urologic procedure are urinary tract infections(UTIs)and catheter/drain concerns.Prior studies are limited in identifying predisposing factors to help mitigate complications of UNC and improve patient outcomes.AIM To identify modifiable characteristics at the time of discharge after UNC that predict subsequent unplanned ED visits.METHODS The 2020 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric data was analyzed for patients undergoing UNC for VUR.A total of 1742 patients were evaluated,with 1495 meeting inclusion criteria.Patients with an ED visit within 30 days following an anti-reflux procedure(n=164)were compared to those who did not return to the ED(n=1331).Basic statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed to find predictive factors associated with postoperative ED visits after UNC.RESULTS Among the 1495 patients,11.0%visited the ED within the 30-day postoperative period.Patients who returned to the ED visit following UNC were more likely to have had a longer mean operative time,surgical site infection,postoperative UTI,postoperative sepsis,history of prior readmission,unplanned reoperation,blood transfusion,or unplanned urinary catheter placement.Multivariate analysis revealed postoperative UTI(P<0.001),superficial surgical site infection(P=0.022),unplanned procedure(P<0.001),unplanned urinary catheter(P<0.001),and prematurity(35-36 weeks gestation)(P=0.004)as independent risk factors for postoperative ED visits.CONCLUSION Utmost caution is needed prior to discharge after UNC to forestall a return to the ED.Postoperative infection remains a primary risk for ED visits in the acute postoperative period.
文摘Toxocariasis is a helminthic zoonosis due to the presence in the human body of larvae of Toxocara sp., roundworms of the Ascaridae family. Less than 50 cases of central involvement related to toxocarasis have been reported in immunocompetent individuals. This involvement can result in epilepsy, meningoencephalitis, myelitis or encephalopathy. The standard treatment is albendazole at a dosage of 10 to 15 mg/kg/day. The duration of treatment varies greatly depending on the clinical cases reported, ranging from 5 days to several weeks in the case of severe forms. We report a case of myelitis due to Toxocara canis in a 14-year-old patient admitted for gait disorders. The laboratory assessment shows isolated hypereosinophilia at 8000 elements per mm3. Medullary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intradural process of inflammatory and infectious appearance extended between T10 and L1 levels, hypointense in T1, hyperintense in T2, and homogeneous. Parasitological analysis of the stools noted the presence of high concentrations of Toxocara canis. Serology by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is strongly positive for toxocariasis, and western blot confirms the presence of antibodies directed against Toxocara larvae. Treatment with albendazole 400 mg × 2/day for 10 days associated with corticosteroid therapy (prednisone 50 mg/day for 5 days) allowed the disappearance of pain in 8 days, normalization of eosinophilia and improvement of walking.
