The recent surge in computer vision and deep learning has attracted significant attention within the galaxy morphology community.Various models have been implemented for galaxy morphology prediction with nearperfect a...The recent surge in computer vision and deep learning has attracted significant attention within the galaxy morphology community.Various models have been implemented for galaxy morphology prediction with nearperfect accuracy for certain classes.However,many studies treat deep learning models as black-box entities,lacking interpretability of their predictions.To address these limitations while ensuring good performance,we introduced an Improved SqueezeNet(I-SqueezeNet)by incorporating unique residual connections to improve the prediction performance,and we utilize Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME)to understand the interpretability.We evaluated the simplified SqueezeNet and I-SqueezeNet,with both channel and vertical concatenation,and compared their performances with those of some exiting methods such as Dieleman’s CNN,VGG13,DenseNet121,ResNet50,ResNext50,ResNext101,DSCNN and customized CNN in classifying galaxy objects using a dataset from the publicly available Galaxy Zoo Data Challenge Project.Our experiments showed that I-SqueezeNet with vertical concatenation achieved the highest average accuracy of 94.08%compared to other methods.Beyond achieving high accuracy,the application of LIME for model interpretation sheds light on the machine learning features and reasoning processes behind the model’s predictions.This information provides valuable insight into the galaxy morphology decision-making process,paving the way for further functional enhancements.展开更多
Photovoltaic(PV)systems are adversely affected by partial shading and non-uniform conditions.Meanwhile,the addition of a bypass shunt diode to each PV module prevents hotspots.It also produces numerous peaks in the PV...Photovoltaic(PV)systems are adversely affected by partial shading and non-uniform conditions.Meanwhile,the addition of a bypass shunt diode to each PV module prevents hotspots.It also produces numerous peaks in the PV array’s power-voltage characteristics,thereby trapping conventional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods in local peaks.Swarm optimization approaches can be used to address this issue.However,these strategies have an unreasonably long convergence time.The Grey Wolf Optimizer(GWO)is a fast and more dependable optimization algorithm.This renders it a good option for MPPT of PV systems operating in varying partial shading.The conventional GWO method involves a long conversion time,large steady-state oscillations,and a high failure rate.This work attempts to address these issues by combining Cuckoo Search(CS)with the GWO algorithm to improve the MPPT performance.The results of this approach are compared with those of conventional MPPT according to GWO and MPPT methods based on perturb and observe(P&O).A comparative analysis reveals that under non-uniform operating conditions,the hybrid GWO CS(GWOCS)approach presented in this article outperforms the GWO and P&O approaches.展开更多
A two-phase dynamic model, describing gas phase propylene polymerization in a fluidized bed reactor, was used to explore the dynamic behavior and process control of the polypropylene production rate and reactor temper...A two-phase dynamic model, describing gas phase propylene polymerization in a fluidized bed reactor, was used to explore the dynamic behavior and process control of the polypropylene production rate and reactor temperature. The open loop analysis revealed the nonlinear behavior of the polypropylene fluidized bed reactor, jus- tifying the use of an advanced control algorithm for efficient control of the process variables. In this case, a central- ized model predictive control （MPC） technique was implemented to control the polypropylene production rate and reactor temperature by manipulating the catalyst feed rate and cooling water flow rate respectively. The corre- sponding MPC controller was able to track changes in the setpoint smoothly for the reactor temperature and pro- duction rate while the setpoint tracking of the conventional proportional-integral （PI） controller was oscillatory with overshoots and obvious interaction between the reactor temperature and production rate loops. The MPC was able to produce controller moves which not only were well within the specified input constraints for both control vari- ables, but also non-aggressive and sufficiently smooth for practical implementations. Furthermore, the closed loop dynamic simulations indicated that the speed of rejecting the process disturbances for the MPC controller were also acceotable for both controlled variables.展开更多
In this paper,the concept of computation diversity is proposed by employing generalized hybrid carrier(GHC)system.The signal is backed up by transform-domain computation to enhance the anti-fading capability.Theoretic...In this paper,the concept of computation diversity is proposed by employing generalized hybrid carrier(GHC)system.The signal is backed up by transform-domain computation to enhance the anti-fading capability.Theoretical analysis is presented to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.Numerical simulations in doubly-selective fading channels are provided to verify the results.The bit error rate(BER)performance is guaranteed with a small computational complexity increment.The proposed method not only extends the new diversity dimension,but also improves the diversity gain of the system without occupying additional wireless resources.Moreover,the proposed method shows good adaptability with single carrier modulation and improves diversity performance.As the simulation results shown,time-domain dual component computation diversity(TDC-CD)has 1d B BER gain and 0.1diversity gain at high signal-to-noise ratio,and single carrier system with TDC-CD achieves 2d B BER gain at 10~(-4).展开更多
In this paper,we propose an extended hybrid carrier system based on the weighted fractional Fourier transform to ensure the reliability of wireless communication.The proposed scheme improves the dispersion and compens...In this paper,we propose an extended hybrid carrier system based on the weighted fractional Fourier transform to ensure the reliability of wireless communication.The proposed scheme improves the dispersion and compensation capabilities of the hybrid carrier system for channel fading through the design of the signal power distribution,which has greatly reduced the probability of high-power distortion of the signal and improved the bit error rate performance as a result.Theoretical analysis has shown the superiority of the extended hybrid carrier system.With a lower cost of computational complexity increment,the proposed scheme obtains a performance improvement without occupying additional time-frequency physical resources.Compared with the existing hybrid carrier scheme,numerical simulation results have shown that the proposed extended hybrid carrier scheme has better anti-fading performance under the doubly-selective channel and improves the reliability of the wireless communication system effectively.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have great potential to be the next major energy storage devices due to their obvious advantages and developing advanced electrodes and electrolytes is urgently necessary to promote its fut...Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have great potential to be the next major energy storage devices due to their obvious advantages and developing advanced electrodes and electrolytes is urgently necessary to promote its future industrialization.However,hard carbon as a state-of-the-art anode of SIBs still suffers from the low initial Coulomb efficiency and unsatisfactory rate capability,which could be improved by forming desirable solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) to some extent.Indeed,the chemistry and morphology of these interfacial layers are fundamental parameters affecting the overall battery operation,and optimizing the electrolyte to dictate the quality of SEI on hard carbon is a key strategy.Hence,this review summarizes the recent research on SEI design by electrolyte manipulation from solvents,salts,and additives.It also presents some potential mechanisms of SEI formation in various electrolyte systems.Besides,the current advanced characterization techniques for electrolyte and SEI structure analyses have been comprehensively discussed.Lastly,current challenges and future perspectives of SEI formation on hard carbon anode for SIBs are provided from the viewpoints of its compositions,evolution processes,structures,and characterization techniques,which will promote SEI efficient manipulation and improve the performance of hard carbon,and further contribute to the development of SIBs.展开更多
Malaysia is one of the many countries that experience high lightning related activities. In fact, according to Malaysian Meteorological Department the Ground Flash Density (GFD) in Malaysia, it is rated at the fifth p...Malaysia is one of the many countries that experience high lightning related activities. In fact, according to Malaysian Meteorological Department the Ground Flash Density (GFD) in Malaysia, it is rated at the fifth place in the ten most lightning cities of the world, with a high keraunic level, which is 240 thunderstorm days per year, and in other words, a Ground Flash Density (GFD) of 48.3 flashes per square kilometer per year. In the power systems, high keraunic level would contribute to high possibility of power interruptions such as disruption, degradation, damage and downtime. These outages would ultimately lead to revenue losses and reduction of network reliability. These lightning related interruptions may be in terms of direct lightning strikes to the lines or to the equipments in the substation. By the use of Mat Lab GUI (Graphic Users Interface), this study presents a simple computer program which uses the electro-geometric model (EGM) for the designing of substation shielding systems. The EGM uses the concept where the protection zone of a lightning system lies within the radius where the upward channel initiates and propagates through the air terminal to meet the downward leader. This interception point is called “the point of discrimination” and is where the downward leader decides its final jump. The distance at which the last jump occurs is known as the striking distance. With the use of the striking distance and the mathematical equations developed by Young, Brown-Whitehead, IEEE-1992 (IEEE T&D Committee Equations) and IEEE-1995 (IEEE Substations Committee Equations). This project aimed to investigate, understand and analyse the substation protection by means of masts and shield wires. The analysis is extended to account for lightning protection provided by single mast to two masts as well as from single shield wire to double shielding wires. The outcomes of these four equations will be compared.展开更多
Photocatalytic methane(CH_(4))production wherein CO_(2)is reduced to CH_(4) by utilizing solar radiation energy is gaining research and industrial focus because of its environmental-friendly notion.It offers twofold a...Photocatalytic methane(CH_(4))production wherein CO_(2)is reduced to CH_(4) by utilizing solar radiation energy is gaining research and industrial focus because of its environmental-friendly notion.It offers twofold advantages:reduction in CO_(2)emission and production of artificial natural gas(methane)at the same time.In this paper,comparative energy,economic and environmental assessment of such photocatalytic methane production has been carried out between Japan and Malaysian conditions.Assumptions on the photocatalytic methane production plant and estimation of energy production,CO_(2)emission reduction,and economic indicators are made based on previous research and existing technologies.Energy analysis shows that Malaysia has a higher potential for energy production and CO_(2)emission reduction than Japan.Economic analysis reveals that the feasible reaction efficiencies of the plant in Japan and Malaysia are 8%.The slightly higher conversion efficiency in Malaysia is due to the energy price and CO_(2)tax.For the implementation of the photocatalytic methane production plant,the high energy price and CO_(2)tax will work as a driving force.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Novel corona virus (SARS-Coronavirus-2 SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in China has spread to multiple countries rapidly. Little information is known about delayed viral clearance in...<strong>Background:</strong> Novel corona virus (SARS-Coronavirus-2 SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in China has spread to multiple countries rapidly. Little information is known about delayed viral clearance in mild to moderate COVID-19 pa-tients. As it is highly contagious, health care workers including physicians are high risk of being infected in hospital care. <strong>Case Report:</strong> A 37 years old Bangladeshi physician working in a paediatric unit of a medical college hos-pital with multiple co-morbidities, hypertension, diagnosed axial spondy-loarthropathy (ankylosing spondylitis) taking disease modifying anti rheu-matic drugs— DMARDs (Salfasalazine) from 2016 till now, chronic persis-tent bronchial asthma on medication developed sore throat, increasing breathlessness and cough admitted to his own hospital on 22 April, 2020. He had a history of contact with a relapse nephrotic syndrome (glomerulone-phritis) patient admitted with severe respiratory distress later confirmed as COVID-19 following RT PCR test on 14 April, 2020. After 3 days of contact with the patient, the physician also developed the symptoms mentioned above. The RT PCR test result of the physician came positive on 18 April, 2020. The physician primarily taken only azithromycin 500 mg once daily along with other regular drugs. On 5, 12 and 18 May, 2020, his sample was taken for re-test and came positive subsequently. After that he started Iver-mectin (0.15 mg/kg) once daily for 3 days and doxycycline 100 mg BD for 7 days. He gave samples again on 27 and 29 May, 2020 which were came nega-tive after 39 days. On full recovery he was discharged from hospital on day 40. We choose the patient because presence of co-morbidities may be asso-ciated with delayed viral clearance and physicians with co-morbidities working in a hospital have high risk of being infected.展开更多
<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana...<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Since 2019, the pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (COVID-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">19) has spread very rapidly in China and Worldwide. COVID-19 is a highly contagious, infectious and rapidly spreading viral disease with an alarming case fatality rate up to 5%. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Case</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Report</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In this article, we report a case of 60 years old non diabetic, hypertensive woman infected with COVID-19 who </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">has end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis for last 18 months.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">COVID-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">19 patients with ESRD need isolation dialysis but most of them cannot be handled properly due to limited hemodialysis machine. With these unavailability and risk, we continue the treatment along with hemodialysis for controlling uraemia and fluid balance. With all effort this patient ended with an uneventful course with clinical improvement, improvement of all laboratory </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">parameters and resolution of radiological findings but follow up RT-PCR</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> cannot done due to changing guideline of discharge criteria of COVID-19 patient in Bangladesh.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">He positively responded to meropenem, clarithromycin, favi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">piravir, thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin along with supplemental oxygen therapy. After that she was discharged with an advice of 14 days home isolation with regular hemodialysis and a follow up visit after 14 days in the outpatient department. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">An ESRD patient on regular hemodialysis suffering from severe pneumonia has high risk of mortality. Combined </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">effort from the health care workers are needed to decrease the mortality of</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> COVID-19 infected ESRD patients.</span></span>展开更多
The global increase in energy demand has resulted in the depletion of non-renewable resources and caused environmental degradation.Consequently,emerging renewable technologies are a potential solution to fulfil energy...The global increase in energy demand has resulted in the depletion of non-renewable resources and caused environmental degradation.Consequently,emerging renewable technologies are a potential solution to fulfil energy demand and mitigate the effect of global warming.Low-cost solar energy harvesting technologies are most feasible technologies.Various solar cells technologies have been developed with improved overall performance and conversion effi-ciency.However,due to low cost and a wide range of applications,dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)have been immensely focused on one of the most promising third-generation solar cells.The highest conversion efficiency of DSSC achieved after three decades of research is more than 14%,but the commercialization of this technology is still a challenge.In this review paper,an attempt has been made to present the comparison of different articles published,that gives the in-depth study of recent developments in various types of DSSCs based on architectural assembly and physical appearance.An overview of the limitations and challenges with their possible improvement strategies have also been discussed.This review paper concludes that appropriate selection of electrolytes dramatically affects the performance of DSSC,and quasi-solid-state electrolyte proves to be a better option.Besides,it also concludes that tandem structures are widely agreed with the approach to expand light utilization spectrum for an overall increase in its performance.However,still,the research is required,which could efficiently widen the applications of the DSSCs.展开更多
With the improvement of economy and living quality,station buildings of high speed railway are no longer just a space to filfill the transport finction.As a business card of cities,station buildings of high speed rail...With the improvement of economy and living quality,station buildings of high speed railway are no longer just a space to filfill the transport finction.As a business card of cities,station buildings of high speed railway prefer unique interior design,so the industrial style design featuring simplicity and variety gradually becomes a design trend.Taking the interior design of Changgebei Railway Station and Fangcheng Railway Station as an example,the paper analyzes the application of the industrial style design to high speed railway station buildings in three aspects:project overview,interior design and key issues of construction,and then reflects on and sums up the advantages and disadvantages of the design and construction.The two station buildings,among a very small quantity of station buildings nationwide where the industrial style design is adopted,provide experience and lessons while exploring a new direction for fiuture interior design of station buildings of high speed railway.展开更多
Relying on the construction management of Hangzhouxi Railway Station,this paper analyses the comprehensive application of intelligent construction technology and the establishment of the common data environment(CDE)by...Relying on the construction management of Hangzhouxi Railway Station,this paper analyses the comprehensive application of intelligent construction technology and the establishment of the common data environment(CDE)by using BIM technology.This paper gives the idea that such issues are deeply explored as large-span curved surface structure improvement,steel structure construction monitoring,special-shaped ticket check canopy construction,prefabricated machine room construction,grid construction management,etc.so as to form an intelligent construction management system based on BIM technology.The system has achieved good application results in economic benefits,social benefits and environmental benefits,which can promote the gradual transformation to a more digitalized,networked and intelligent Hangzhouxi Railway Station,and lay a solid foundation for achieving the construction goals of controllable construction period,excellent quality,green and low carbon,etc.展开更多
For certain Dirichlet series almost surely(a.s.)of order(R) ρ∈(0,∞)in the right-halfplane,a.s.every point of the imaginary axis is a Borel point of order ρ+1 and with no finiteexoeptional value.
Information geometry is a new branch in mathematics, originated from the applications of differential geometry to statistics. In this paper we briefly introduce Riemann-Finsler geometry, by which we establish Informat...Information geometry is a new branch in mathematics, originated from the applications of differential geometry to statistics. In this paper we briefly introduce Riemann-Finsler geometry, by which we establish Information Geometry on a much broader base, so that the potential applications of Information Geometry will be beyond statistics.展开更多
In this paper,singular integral equations with upper and lower translations arediscussed and the equivalence for solving them in and are shown.Equations with asingle pair of upper and lower translations are studied ...In this paper,singular integral equations with upper and lower translations arediscussed and the equivalence for solving them in and are shown.Equations with asingle pair of upper and lower translations are studied in detail.Their solutions as wellas the conditions of solvability are obtained.The method used consists of transferringthem to boundary value problems of analytic functions in upper and lower half-planesand then solving the latter.展开更多
This paper gives some applications of number-theoretic method(or quasi Monte Carlomethod)for numerical evaluation of probabilities and moments of a continuous multivariatedistribution over a special domain such as cub...This paper gives some applications of number-theoretic method(or quasi Monte Carlomethod)for numerical evaluation of probabilities and moments of a continuous multivariatedistribution over a special domain such as cube, ball, sphere, simplex, etc., where theuniformly distributed sets of points’in such domains,which are useful in experimentaldesign,simulation,geometry probability,etc.,are suggested.Some applications of number-theoretic method in optimization are discussed also.展开更多
In this paper, for a coupled system of wave equations with iNeumann boundary controls, the exact boundary synchronization is taken into consideration. Results are then extended to the case of synchronization by groups...In this paper, for a coupled system of wave equations with iNeumann boundary controls, the exact boundary synchronization is taken into consideration. Results are then extended to the case of synchronization by groups. Moreover, the determination of the state of synchronization by groups is discussed with details for the synchronization and for the synchronization by 3-groups, respectively.展开更多
文摘The recent surge in computer vision and deep learning has attracted significant attention within the galaxy morphology community.Various models have been implemented for galaxy morphology prediction with nearperfect accuracy for certain classes.However,many studies treat deep learning models as black-box entities,lacking interpretability of their predictions.To address these limitations while ensuring good performance,we introduced an Improved SqueezeNet(I-SqueezeNet)by incorporating unique residual connections to improve the prediction performance,and we utilize Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME)to understand the interpretability.We evaluated the simplified SqueezeNet and I-SqueezeNet,with both channel and vertical concatenation,and compared their performances with those of some exiting methods such as Dieleman’s CNN,VGG13,DenseNet121,ResNet50,ResNext50,ResNext101,DSCNN and customized CNN in classifying galaxy objects using a dataset from the publicly available Galaxy Zoo Data Challenge Project.Our experiments showed that I-SqueezeNet with vertical concatenation achieved the highest average accuracy of 94.08%compared to other methods.Beyond achieving high accuracy,the application of LIME for model interpretation sheds light on the machine learning features and reasoning processes behind the model’s predictions.This information provides valuable insight into the galaxy morphology decision-making process,paving the way for further functional enhancements.
文摘Photovoltaic(PV)systems are adversely affected by partial shading and non-uniform conditions.Meanwhile,the addition of a bypass shunt diode to each PV module prevents hotspots.It also produces numerous peaks in the PV array’s power-voltage characteristics,thereby trapping conventional maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods in local peaks.Swarm optimization approaches can be used to address this issue.However,these strategies have an unreasonably long convergence time.The Grey Wolf Optimizer(GWO)is a fast and more dependable optimization algorithm.This renders it a good option for MPPT of PV systems operating in varying partial shading.The conventional GWO method involves a long conversion time,large steady-state oscillations,and a high failure rate.This work attempts to address these issues by combining Cuckoo Search(CS)with the GWO algorithm to improve the MPPT performance.The results of this approach are compared with those of conventional MPPT according to GWO and MPPT methods based on perturb and observe(P&O).A comparative analysis reveals that under non-uniform operating conditions,the hybrid GWO CS(GWOCS)approach presented in this article outperforms the GWO and P&O approaches.
基金Supported by the Research Grants of the Research Council of Malaya
文摘A two-phase dynamic model, describing gas phase propylene polymerization in a fluidized bed reactor, was used to explore the dynamic behavior and process control of the polypropylene production rate and reactor temperature. The open loop analysis revealed the nonlinear behavior of the polypropylene fluidized bed reactor, jus- tifying the use of an advanced control algorithm for efficient control of the process variables. In this case, a central- ized model predictive control （MPC） technique was implemented to control the polypropylene production rate and reactor temperature by manipulating the catalyst feed rate and cooling water flow rate respectively. The corre- sponding MPC controller was able to track changes in the setpoint smoothly for the reactor temperature and pro- duction rate while the setpoint tracking of the conventional proportional-integral （PI） controller was oscillatory with overshoots and obvious interaction between the reactor temperature and production rate loops. The MPC was able to produce controller moves which not only were well within the specified input constraints for both control vari- ables, but also non-aggressive and sufficiently smooth for practical implementations. Furthermore, the closed loop dynamic simulations indicated that the speed of rejecting the process disturbances for the MPC controller were also acceotable for both controlled variables.
基金supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China under Grant YQ2021F003in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61901140+1 种基金in part by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project under Grant 2019M650067in part by Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory under Grant SCX21641X003。
文摘In this paper,the concept of computation diversity is proposed by employing generalized hybrid carrier(GHC)system.The signal is backed up by transform-domain computation to enhance the anti-fading capability.Theoretical analysis is presented to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.Numerical simulations in doubly-selective fading channels are provided to verify the results.The bit error rate(BER)performance is guaranteed with a small computational complexity increment.The proposed method not only extends the new diversity dimension,but also improves the diversity gain of the system without occupying additional wireless resources.Moreover,the proposed method shows good adaptability with single carrier modulation and improves diversity performance.As the simulation results shown,time-domain dual component computation diversity(TDC-CD)has 1d B BER gain and 0.1diversity gain at high signal-to-noise ratio,and single carrier system with TDC-CD achieves 2d B BER gain at 10~(-4).
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61901140,in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62171151in part by the Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory under Grant 6142104190203in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant HIT.OCEF.2021012。
文摘In this paper,we propose an extended hybrid carrier system based on the weighted fractional Fourier transform to ensure the reliability of wireless communication.The proposed scheme improves the dispersion and compensation capabilities of the hybrid carrier system for channel fading through the design of the signal power distribution,which has greatly reduced the probability of high-power distortion of the signal and improved the bit error rate performance as a result.Theoretical analysis has shown the superiority of the extended hybrid carrier system.With a lower cost of computational complexity increment,the proposed scheme obtains a performance improvement without occupying additional time-frequency physical resources.Compared with the existing hybrid carrier scheme,numerical simulation results have shown that the proposed extended hybrid carrier scheme has better anti-fading performance under the doubly-selective channel and improves the reliability of the wireless communication system effectively.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Higher Education through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2022/STG05/UM/01/2) awarded to Ramesh T Subramaniamby Technology Development Fund 1 (TeD1)from the Ministry of Science,Technology,and Innovation (MOSTI),Malaysia (MOSTI002-2021TED1)supported by the Key Research Program of Yichang City(2023KYPT0303)
文摘Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have great potential to be the next major energy storage devices due to their obvious advantages and developing advanced electrodes and electrolytes is urgently necessary to promote its future industrialization.However,hard carbon as a state-of-the-art anode of SIBs still suffers from the low initial Coulomb efficiency and unsatisfactory rate capability,which could be improved by forming desirable solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) to some extent.Indeed,the chemistry and morphology of these interfacial layers are fundamental parameters affecting the overall battery operation,and optimizing the electrolyte to dictate the quality of SEI on hard carbon is a key strategy.Hence,this review summarizes the recent research on SEI design by electrolyte manipulation from solvents,salts,and additives.It also presents some potential mechanisms of SEI formation in various electrolyte systems.Besides,the current advanced characterization techniques for electrolyte and SEI structure analyses have been comprehensively discussed.Lastly,current challenges and future perspectives of SEI formation on hard carbon anode for SIBs are provided from the viewpoints of its compositions,evolution processes,structures,and characterization techniques,which will promote SEI efficient manipulation and improve the performance of hard carbon,and further contribute to the development of SIBs.
文摘Malaysia is one of the many countries that experience high lightning related activities. In fact, according to Malaysian Meteorological Department the Ground Flash Density (GFD) in Malaysia, it is rated at the fifth place in the ten most lightning cities of the world, with a high keraunic level, which is 240 thunderstorm days per year, and in other words, a Ground Flash Density (GFD) of 48.3 flashes per square kilometer per year. In the power systems, high keraunic level would contribute to high possibility of power interruptions such as disruption, degradation, damage and downtime. These outages would ultimately lead to revenue losses and reduction of network reliability. These lightning related interruptions may be in terms of direct lightning strikes to the lines or to the equipments in the substation. By the use of Mat Lab GUI (Graphic Users Interface), this study presents a simple computer program which uses the electro-geometric model (EGM) for the designing of substation shielding systems. The EGM uses the concept where the protection zone of a lightning system lies within the radius where the upward channel initiates and propagates through the air terminal to meet the downward leader. This interception point is called “the point of discrimination” and is where the downward leader decides its final jump. The distance at which the last jump occurs is known as the striking distance. With the use of the striking distance and the mathematical equations developed by Young, Brown-Whitehead, IEEE-1992 (IEEE T&D Committee Equations) and IEEE-1995 (IEEE Substations Committee Equations). This project aimed to investigate, understand and analyse the substation protection by means of masts and shield wires. The analysis is extended to account for lightning protection provided by single mast to two masts as well as from single shield wire to double shielding wires. The outcomes of these four equations will be compared.
基金the support from the Kyoto University and University of Malaya double degree programme to carry out this research
文摘Photocatalytic methane(CH_(4))production wherein CO_(2)is reduced to CH_(4) by utilizing solar radiation energy is gaining research and industrial focus because of its environmental-friendly notion.It offers twofold advantages:reduction in CO_(2)emission and production of artificial natural gas(methane)at the same time.In this paper,comparative energy,economic and environmental assessment of such photocatalytic methane production has been carried out between Japan and Malaysian conditions.Assumptions on the photocatalytic methane production plant and estimation of energy production,CO_(2)emission reduction,and economic indicators are made based on previous research and existing technologies.Energy analysis shows that Malaysia has a higher potential for energy production and CO_(2)emission reduction than Japan.Economic analysis reveals that the feasible reaction efficiencies of the plant in Japan and Malaysia are 8%.The slightly higher conversion efficiency in Malaysia is due to the energy price and CO_(2)tax.For the implementation of the photocatalytic methane production plant,the high energy price and CO_(2)tax will work as a driving force.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Novel corona virus (SARS-Coronavirus-2 SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in China has spread to multiple countries rapidly. Little information is known about delayed viral clearance in mild to moderate COVID-19 pa-tients. As it is highly contagious, health care workers including physicians are high risk of being infected in hospital care. <strong>Case Report:</strong> A 37 years old Bangladeshi physician working in a paediatric unit of a medical college hos-pital with multiple co-morbidities, hypertension, diagnosed axial spondy-loarthropathy (ankylosing spondylitis) taking disease modifying anti rheu-matic drugs— DMARDs (Salfasalazine) from 2016 till now, chronic persis-tent bronchial asthma on medication developed sore throat, increasing breathlessness and cough admitted to his own hospital on 22 April, 2020. He had a history of contact with a relapse nephrotic syndrome (glomerulone-phritis) patient admitted with severe respiratory distress later confirmed as COVID-19 following RT PCR test on 14 April, 2020. After 3 days of contact with the patient, the physician also developed the symptoms mentioned above. The RT PCR test result of the physician came positive on 18 April, 2020. The physician primarily taken only azithromycin 500 mg once daily along with other regular drugs. On 5, 12 and 18 May, 2020, his sample was taken for re-test and came positive subsequently. After that he started Iver-mectin (0.15 mg/kg) once daily for 3 days and doxycycline 100 mg BD for 7 days. He gave samples again on 27 and 29 May, 2020 which were came nega-tive after 39 days. On full recovery he was discharged from hospital on day 40. We choose the patient because presence of co-morbidities may be asso-ciated with delayed viral clearance and physicians with co-morbidities working in a hospital have high risk of being infected.
文摘<b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Since 2019, the pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (COVID-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">19) has spread very rapidly in China and Worldwide. COVID-19 is a highly contagious, infectious and rapidly spreading viral disease with an alarming case fatality rate up to 5%. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Case</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Report</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> In this article, we report a case of 60 years old non diabetic, hypertensive woman infected with COVID-19 who </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">has end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis for last 18 months.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">COVID-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">19 patients with ESRD need isolation dialysis but most of them cannot be handled properly due to limited hemodialysis machine. With these unavailability and risk, we continue the treatment along with hemodialysis for controlling uraemia and fluid balance. With all effort this patient ended with an uneventful course with clinical improvement, improvement of all laboratory </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">parameters and resolution of radiological findings but follow up RT-PCR</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> cannot done due to changing guideline of discharge criteria of COVID-19 patient in Bangladesh.</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">He positively responded to meropenem, clarithromycin, favi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">piravir, thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin along with supplemental oxygen therapy. After that she was discharged with an advice of 14 days home isolation with regular hemodialysis and a follow up visit after 14 days in the outpatient department. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">An ESRD patient on regular hemodialysis suffering from severe pneumonia has high risk of mortality. Combined </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">effort from the health care workers are needed to decrease the mortality of</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> COVID-19 infected ESRD patients.</span></span>
基金Universiti Malaysia Pahang(UMP)for the financial support under Grant RDU192205 and RDU192403.
文摘The global increase in energy demand has resulted in the depletion of non-renewable resources and caused environmental degradation.Consequently,emerging renewable technologies are a potential solution to fulfil energy demand and mitigate the effect of global warming.Low-cost solar energy harvesting technologies are most feasible technologies.Various solar cells technologies have been developed with improved overall performance and conversion effi-ciency.However,due to low cost and a wide range of applications,dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)have been immensely focused on one of the most promising third-generation solar cells.The highest conversion efficiency of DSSC achieved after three decades of research is more than 14%,but the commercialization of this technology is still a challenge.In this review paper,an attempt has been made to present the comparison of different articles published,that gives the in-depth study of recent developments in various types of DSSCs based on architectural assembly and physical appearance.An overview of the limitations and challenges with their possible improvement strategies have also been discussed.This review paper concludes that appropriate selection of electrolytes dramatically affects the performance of DSSC,and quasi-solid-state electrolyte proves to be a better option.Besides,it also concludes that tandem structures are widely agreed with the approach to expand light utilization spectrum for an overall increase in its performance.However,still,the research is required,which could efficiently widen the applications of the DSSCs.
文摘With the improvement of economy and living quality,station buildings of high speed railway are no longer just a space to filfill the transport finction.As a business card of cities,station buildings of high speed railway prefer unique interior design,so the industrial style design featuring simplicity and variety gradually becomes a design trend.Taking the interior design of Changgebei Railway Station and Fangcheng Railway Station as an example,the paper analyzes the application of the industrial style design to high speed railway station buildings in three aspects:project overview,interior design and key issues of construction,and then reflects on and sums up the advantages and disadvantages of the design and construction.The two station buildings,among a very small quantity of station buildings nationwide where the industrial style design is adopted,provide experience and lessons while exploring a new direction for fiuture interior design of station buildings of high speed railway.
文摘Relying on the construction management of Hangzhouxi Railway Station,this paper analyses the comprehensive application of intelligent construction technology and the establishment of the common data environment(CDE)by using BIM technology.This paper gives the idea that such issues are deeply explored as large-span curved surface structure improvement,steel structure construction monitoring,special-shaped ticket check canopy construction,prefabricated machine room construction,grid construction management,etc.so as to form an intelligent construction management system based on BIM technology.The system has achieved good application results in economic benefits,social benefits and environmental benefits,which can promote the gradual transformation to a more digitalized,networked and intelligent Hangzhouxi Railway Station,and lay a solid foundation for achieving the construction goals of controllable construction period,excellent quality,green and low carbon,etc.
基金Projects Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘For certain Dirichlet series almost surely(a.s.)of order(R) ρ∈(0,∞)in the right-halfplane,a.s.every point of the imaginary axis is a Borel point of order ρ+1 and with no finiteexoeptional value.
文摘Information geometry is a new branch in mathematics, originated from the applications of differential geometry to statistics. In this paper we briefly introduce Riemann-Finsler geometry, by which we establish Information Geometry on a much broader base, so that the potential applications of Information Geometry will be beyond statistics.
基金Project Supported by the Natural Science Funds of National Committee of Science and Technology.
文摘In this paper,singular integral equations with upper and lower translations arediscussed and the equivalence for solving them in and are shown.Equations with asingle pair of upper and lower translations are studied in detail.Their solutions as wellas the conditions of solvability are obtained.The method used consists of transferringthem to boundary value problems of analytic functions in upper and lower half-planesand then solving the latter.
基金This Work is supported by the Chinese National science Foundation and the Science Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘This paper gives some applications of number-theoretic method(or quasi Monte Carlomethod)for numerical evaluation of probabilities and moments of a continuous multivariatedistribution over a special domain such as cube, ball, sphere, simplex, etc., where theuniformly distributed sets of points’in such domains,which are useful in experimentaldesign,simulation,geometry probability,etc.,are suggested.Some applications of number-theoretic method in optimization are discussed also.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11121101)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2013CB834100)
文摘In this paper, for a coupled system of wave equations with iNeumann boundary controls, the exact boundary synchronization is taken into consideration. Results are then extended to the case of synchronization by groups. Moreover, the determination of the state of synchronization by groups is discussed with details for the synchronization and for the synchronization by 3-groups, respectively.
