To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on ...To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on the upper atmosphere has been developed by a Japanese inter-university project called the Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global Observation Network （1UGONET）. The objective of this paper is to describe the infrastructure and tools developed by IUGONET. We focus on the data analysis software. It is written in Interactive Data Language （IDL） and is a plug-in for the THEMIS Data Analysis Software suite （TDAS）, which is a set of IDL libraries used to visualize and analyze satellite- and ground-based data. We present plots of upper atmospheric data provided by IUGONET as examples of applications, and verify the usefulness of the software in the study of polar science. We discuss IUGONET＇s new and unique developments, i.e., an executable file of TDAS that can run on the IDL Virtual Machine, IDL routines to retrieve metadata from the IUGONET database, and an archive of 3-D simulation data that uses the Common Data Format so that it can easily be used with TDAS.展开更多
Background: Weibo is a Twitter-like micro-blog platform in China where people post their real-life events as well as express their feelings in short texts. Since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, thousands of peo...Background: Weibo is a Twitter-like micro-blog platform in China where people post their real-life events as well as express their feelings in short texts. Since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, thousands of people have expressed their concerns and worries about the outbreak via Weibo, showing the existence of public panic. Methods: This paper comes up with a sentiment analysis approach to discover public panic. First, we used Octoparse to obtain Weibo posts about the hot topic Covid-19 Pandemic. Second, we break down those sentences into independent words and clean the data by removing stop words. Then, we use the sentiment score function that deals with negative words, adverbs, and sentiment words to get the sentiment score of each Weibo post. Results: We observe the distribution of sentiment scores and get the benchmark to evaluate public panic. Also, we apply the same process to test the mass sentiment under other topics to test the efficiency of the sentiment function, which shows that our function works well.展开更多
Lunar wrinkle ridges are an important stress geological structure on the Moon, which reflect the stress state and geological activity on the Moon. They provide important insights into the evolution of the Moon and are...Lunar wrinkle ridges are an important stress geological structure on the Moon, which reflect the stress state and geological activity on the Moon. They provide important insights into the evolution of the Moon and are key factors influencing future lunar activity, such as the choice of landing sites. However, automatic extraction of lunar wrinkle ridges is a challenging task due to their complex morphology and ambiguous features. Traditional manual extraction methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive. To achieve automated and detailed detection of lunar wrinkle ridges, we have constructed a lunar wrinkle ridge data set, incorporating previously unused aspect data to provide edge information, and proposed a Dual-Branch Ridge Detection Network(DBR-Net) based on deep learning technology. This method employs a dual-branch architecture and an Attention Complementary Feature Fusion module to address the issue of insufficient lunar wrinkle ridge features. Through comparisons with the results of various deep learning approaches, it is demonstrated that the proposed method exhibits superior detection performance. Furthermore, the trained model was applied to lunar mare regions, generating a distribution map of lunar mare wrinkle ridges;a significant linear relationship between the length and area of the lunar wrinkle ridges was obtained through statistical analysis, and six previously unrecorded potential lunar wrinkle ridges were detected. The proposed method upgrades the automated extraction of lunar wrinkle ridges to a pixel-level precision and verifies the effectiveness of DBR-Net in lunar wrinkle ridge detection.展开更多
Based on the work of Mumby et al.[Thresholds and the resilience of Caribbean coral reefs,Nature 450(2007)98-101],this study is devoted to investigate the deterministic and stochastic features of a coral reef ecosystem...Based on the work of Mumby et al.[Thresholds and the resilience of Caribbean coral reefs,Nature 450(2007)98-101],this study is devoted to investigate the deterministic and stochastic features of a coral reef ecosystem in which macroalgae and coral compete to occupy algae turfs,and the macroalgae are grazed by parrotfish.By taking the grazing rate as the focused parameter,we completely analyze the global dynamics of the deterministic coral reef ecosystem,including bistable phenomenon,linear equilibria and degenerate attractor.It is found that for different grazing rates,the coral reef system may exhibit rich dynamics which are closely dependent on the initial values.Furthermore,we derive a stochastic coral reef model in the form of continuous-time Markov chain(CTMC),and estimate the extinction probabilities of macroalgae and coral by using the branching process theory.Analytical results reveal that the macroalgae or coral species will go to extinction in a positive probability,even if it can survive in the deterministic environment.展开更多
Convex feasibility problems are widely used in image reconstruction, sparse signal recovery, and other areas. This paper is devoted to considering a class of convex feasibility problem arising from sparse signal recov...Convex feasibility problems are widely used in image reconstruction, sparse signal recovery, and other areas. This paper is devoted to considering a class of convex feasibility problem arising from sparse signal recovery. We first derive the projection formulas for a vector onto the feasible sets. The centralized circumcentered-reflection method is designed to solve the convex feasibility problem. Some numerical experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, showing superior performance compared to conventional alternating projection methods.展开更多
Conventional Tb^(3+)-doped phosphors typically suffer from concentration quenching once the doping level exceeds a critical threshold.Consequently,the development of Tb^(3+)phosphors with intrinsic resistance to conce...Conventional Tb^(3+)-doped phosphors typically suffer from concentration quenching once the doping level exceeds a critical threshold.Consequently,the development of Tb^(3+)phosphors with intrinsic resistance to concentration quenching has become a key research focus.In this work,we successfully synthesized KBi(MoO_(4))_(2):x Tb^(3+)(x=0-100 at%)(denoted as KBM:x Tb^(3+))phosphors via a high-temperature solid-state reaction.Remarkably,no concentration quenching was observed across the entire doping range.This anti-quenching behavior originates from the large Tb^(3+)-Tb^(3+)interionic distance(>5Å)inherent to the quasi-layered crystal structure,which effectively suppresses multipole-interaction-mediated energy migration.At full Tb^(3+)substitution(x=100 at%),the material undergoes a structural phase transition from the monoclinic KBM phase to the triclinicα-KTb(MoO_(4))_(2)(α-KTM)phase.Theα-KTM phosphor exhibits excellent thermal stability(activation energy=0.6129 eV)and a single-exponential decay profile,whereas KBM:x Tb^(3+)(x<100%)display double-exponential decay behaviors,attributed to dual energy transfer pathways.These findings provide new insights into the luminescence mechanisms of high-concentration rare-earth-doped systems and offer guidance for designing nextgeneration anti-quenching phosphors.展开更多
The recent effort by The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)Network has revealed that gastric cancer,which is a leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide with a 5-year survival rate less than 25%,is a much more heterogene...The recent effort by The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)Network has revealed that gastric cancer,which is a leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide with a 5-year survival rate less than 25%,is a much more heterogeneous disease than previously thought.And yet,conventional treatment approaches and clinical trials have assumed it is a single disease.展开更多
Due to the prevalence of social network services, more and more attentions are paid to explore how information diffuses and users affect each other in these networks, which has a wide range of applications, such as vi...Due to the prevalence of social network services, more and more attentions are paid to explore how information diffuses and users affect each other in these networks, which has a wide range of applications, such as viral marketing, reposting prediction and social recommendation. Therefore, in this paper, we review the recent advances on information diffusion analysis in social networks and its applications. Specifically, we first shed light on several popular models to describe the information diffusion process in social networks, which enables three practical applications, i.e., influence evaluation, influence maximization and information source detection. Then, we discuss how to evaluate the authority and influence based on network structures. After that, current solutions to influence maximiza- tion and information source detection are discussed in detail, respectively. Finally, some possible research directions of information diffu- sion analysis are listed for further study.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To systematically investigate the clinical effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbs(TCHs)as an alternative to conventional medicine(CM)in children with cough variant asthma(CVA).METHODS:Randomiz...OBJECTIVE:To systematically investigate the clinical effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbs(TCHs)as an alternative to conventional medicine(CM)in children with cough variant asthma(CVA).METHODS:Randomized controlled trial(RCT)studies that were published from their inceptions to March 31,2020,were identified from the electronic databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wangfang,Pub Med,and Cochrane Central Library.The primary outcome of the review was the total effective rate(TER),and the secondary outcomes were immunoglobulin E(Ig E),peak expiratory flow(PEF),adverse drug reactions,and relapse rates of interventions.RESULTS:For the Meta-analysis,13 studies involving 992 children with CVA were included.In terms of TER and Ig E,the experimental interventions of TCH,when compared with the control interventions of CM,on pediatric CVA were found to be significantly effective(P<0.0001),whereas for spirometry,PEF was not significantly improved in the TCH group(P=0.48).The incident rates of adverse drug reaction and relapse were found to be significantly lower in the TCH group than those in the CM group(P=0.02 and P<0.0001,respectively).CONCLUSION:Compared with CM therapy,the effects of TCH therapy on pediatric CVA were significantly beneficial in terms of TER and Ig E,but not for PEF,and the methodological quality of included studies was poor.Therefore,the results should be interpreted with caution.More randomized controlled trials with rigorous experimental methodologies are required for objectivity in the future.展开更多
Coal is a crucial fossil energy in today’s society,and the detection of sulfir(S) and nitrogen(N)in coal is essential for the evaluation of coal quality.Therefore,an efficient method is needed to quantitatively analy...Coal is a crucial fossil energy in today’s society,and the detection of sulfir(S) and nitrogen(N)in coal is essential for the evaluation of coal quality.Therefore,an efficient method is needed to quantitatively analyze N and S content in coal,to achieve the purpose of clean utilization of coal.This study applied laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) to test coal quality,and combined two variable selection algorithms,competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS) and the successive projections algorithm(SPA),to establish the corresponding partial least square(PLS) model.The results of the experiment were as follows.The PLS modeled with the full spectrum of 27,620 variables has poor accuracy,the coefficient of determination of the test set(R^2 P) and root mean square error of the test set(RMSEP) of nitrogen were 0.5172 and 0.2263,respectively,and those of sulfur were0.5784 and 0.5811,respectively.The CARS-PLS screened 37 and 25 variables respectively in the detection of N and S elements,but the prediction ability of the model did not improve significantly.SPA-PLS finally screened 14 and 11 variables respectively through successive projections,and obtained the best prediction effect among the three methods.The R^2 P and RMSEP of nitrogen were0.9873 and 0.0208,respectively,and those of sulfur were 0.9451 and 0.2082,respectively.In general,the predictive results of the two elements increased by about 90% for RMSEP and 60% for R2 P compared with PLS.The results show that LIBS combined with SPA-PLS has good potential for detecting N and S content in coal,and is a very promising technology for industrial application.展开更多
Wireless channel characteristics have significant impacts on channel modeling,estimation,and communication performance.While the channel sparsity is an important characteristic of wireless channels.Utilizing the spars...Wireless channel characteristics have significant impacts on channel modeling,estimation,and communication performance.While the channel sparsity is an important characteristic of wireless channels.Utilizing the sparse nature of wireless channels can reduce the complexity of channel modeling and estimation,and improve system design and performance analysis.Compared with the traditional sub6 GHz channel,millimeter wave(mmWave)channel has been considered to be more sparse in existing researches.However,most research only assume that the mmWave channel is sparse,without providing quantitative analysis and evaluation.Therefore,this paper evaluates the sparsity of mmWave channels based on mmWave channel measurements.A vector network analyzer(VNA)-based mmWave channel sounder is developed to measure the channel at 28 GHz,and multi-scenario channel measurements are conducted.The Gini index,Rician𝐾factor and rootmean-square(RMS)delay spread are used to measure channel sparsity.Then,the key factors affecting mmWave channel sparsity are explored.It is found that antenna steering direction and scattering environment will affect the sparsity of mmWave channel.In addition,the impact of channel sparsity on channel eigenvalue and capacity is evaluated and analyzed.展开更多
Production optimization is of significance for carbonate reservoirs,directly affecting the sustainability and profitability of reservoir development.Traditional physics-based numerical simulations suffer from insuffic...Production optimization is of significance for carbonate reservoirs,directly affecting the sustainability and profitability of reservoir development.Traditional physics-based numerical simulations suffer from insufficient calculation accuracy and excessive time consumption when performing production optimization.We establish an ensemble proxy-model-assisted optimization framework combining the Bayesian random forest(BRF)with the particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO).The BRF method is implemented to construct a proxy model of the injectioneproduction system that can accurately predict the dynamic parameters of producers based on injection data and production measures.With the help of proxy model,PSO is applied to search the optimal injection pattern integrating Pareto front analysis.After experimental testing,the proxy model not only boasts higher prediction accuracy compared to deep learning,but it also requires 8 times less time for training.In addition,the injection mode adjusted by the PSO algorithm can effectively reduce the gaseoil ratio and increase the oil production by more than 10% for carbonate reservoirs.The proposed proxy-model-assisted optimization protocol brings new perspectives on the multi-objective optimization problems in the petroleum industry,which can provide more options for the project decision-makers to balance the oil production and the gaseoil ratio considering physical and operational constraints.展开更多
Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)is an acute,highly infectious and pathogenic animal disease.In recent years,with the rapid development of the swine breeding industry in China,pig farms have shown a trend of larger-scale de...Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)is an acute,highly infectious and pathogenic animal disease.In recent years,with the rapid development of the swine breeding industry in China,pig farms have shown a trend of larger-scale development.Large-scale pig farms employ standardized management,a high level of automation,and a strict_system.However,these farms have a large trading volume,and increased transmission intensity of FMD is noted inside the farm.At present,the main control measure against FMD is pig vaccination.However,a standard for immunization procedures is not available,and currently adopted immunization procedures have not been effectively and systematically evaluated.Taking a typical large-scale pig farm in China as the research subject and considering the breeding pattern,piggery structure,age structure and immunization procedures,an individual-based state probability model is established to evaluate the effectiveness of the immune procedure.Based on numerical simulation,it is concluded that the optimal immunization program involves primary immunization at 40 days of age and secondary immunization at 80 days of age for commercial pigs.Breeding boars and breeding sows are immunized 4 times a year,and reserve pigs are immunized at 169 and 259 days of age.According to the theoretical analysis,the average control reproduction number of individuals under the optimal immunization procedure in the farm is 0.4927.In the absence of immunization,the average is 1.7498,indicating that the epidemic cannot be controlled without immunization procedures.展开更多
Individual Tree Detection-and-Counting(ITDC)is among the important tasks in town areas,and numerous methods are proposed in this direction.Despite their many advantages,still,the proposed methods are inadequate to pro...Individual Tree Detection-and-Counting(ITDC)is among the important tasks in town areas,and numerous methods are proposed in this direction.Despite their many advantages,still,the proposed methods are inadequate to provide robust results because they mostly rely on the direct field investigations.This paper presents a novel approach involving high-resolution imagery and the Canopy-Height-Model(CHM)data to solve the ITDC problem.The new approach is studied in six urban scenes:farmland,woodland,park,industrial land,road and residential areas.First,it identifies tree canopy regions using a deep learning network from high-resolution imagery.It then deploys the CHM-data to detect treetops of the canopy regions using a local maximum algorithm and individual tree canopies using the region growing.Finally,it calculates and describes the number of individual trees and tree canopies.The proposed approach is experimented with the data from Shanghai,China.Our results show that the individual tree detection method had an average overall accuracy of 0.953,with a precision of 0.987 for woodland scene.Meanwhile,the R^(2) value for canopy segmentation in different urban scenes is greater than 0.780 and 0.779 for canopy area and diameter size,respectively.These results confirm that the proposed method is robust enough for urban tree planning and management.展开更多
An intersection of two or more roads poses a risk for potential conflicts among vehicles.Often the reasons triggering such conflicts are not clear,as they might be too subtle for the human eye.The environment also pla...An intersection of two or more roads poses a risk for potential conflicts among vehicles.Often the reasons triggering such conflicts are not clear,as they might be too subtle for the human eye.The environment also plays a part in understanding where,when,and why a particular vehicle interaction has occurred in a certain way.Therefore,it is of paramount importance to dive deeper into the vehicle interaction at a micro-scale within the embedded geographical environment,particularly at the intersections.This would in turn assist in evaluating the association of vehicle interactions with conflict risks and near-miss accidents.Moreover,detection of such micro traffic interactions could also be used to improvise the complexity of the already established transport infrastructure.Conversely,traffic at intersections has been explored mainly for flow estimation,capacity and width measurements,and traffic congestion,etc.,whereas the detection of micro-scale traffic interactions at intersections remains relatively under-explored.In this paper,we present a novel approach to retrieve and represent micro-scale traffic movement interactions at a non-signalized T-junction by extending a recently introduced qualitative spatiotemporal Point-Descriptor-Precedence(PDP)representation.We study how the PDP representation offers a fine solution to study the interaction of traffic flows at intersections.This permits tracking the micro-movement of vehicles in much finer detail,which is used later to retrieve movement patterns from a motion dataset.Unlike conventional approaches,we start our approach with the actual movements before modeling the static intersection environment.Additionally,with the aid of illustrative examples,we discuss how the length,width,and speed of the vehicles can be exploited in our approach to detect specific patterns more accurately.Additionally,we address the potential benefits of our approach for traffic safety assessment and how it can be extended to a network of intersections using different transport modes.展开更多
Transmission line(TL)Parameter Identification(PI)method plays an essential role in the transmission system.The existing PI methods usually have two limitations:(1)These methods only model for single TL,and can not con...Transmission line(TL)Parameter Identification(PI)method plays an essential role in the transmission system.The existing PI methods usually have two limitations:(1)These methods only model for single TL,and can not consider the topology connection of multiple branches for simultaneous identification.(2)Transient bad data is ignored by methods,and the random selection of terminal section data may cause the distortion of PI and have serious consequences.Therefore,a multi-task PI model considering multiple TLs’spatial constraints and massive electrical section data is proposed in this paper.The Graph Attention Network module is used to draw a single TL into a node and calculate its influence coefficient in the transmission network.Multi-Task strategy of Hard Parameter Sharing is used to identify the conductance ofmultiple branches simultaneously.Experiments show that themethod has good accuracy and robustness.Due to the consideration of spatial constraints,the method can also obtain more accurate conductance values under different training and testing conditions.展开更多
We use multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis （MF-DFA） method to investigate the multifractal behavior of the interevent time series in a modified Olami-Feder-Christensen （OFC） earthquake model on assortative...We use multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis （MF-DFA） method to investigate the multifractal behavior of the interevent time series in a modified Olami-Feder-Christensen （OFC） earthquake model on assortative scale-free networks. We determine generalized Hurst exponent and singularity spectrum and find that these fluctuations have multifraetal nature. Comparing the MF-DFA results for the original interevent time series with those for shuffled and surrogate series, we conclude that the origin of multifractality is due to both the broadness of probability density function and long-range correlation.展开更多
It is well known that economic policy uncertainty prompts the volatility of the high-yield bond market.However,the correlation between economic policy uncertainty and volatility of high-yield bonds is still not clear....It is well known that economic policy uncertainty prompts the volatility of the high-yield bond market.However,the correlation between economic policy uncertainty and volatility of high-yield bonds is still not clear.In this paper,we employ GARCH-MIDAS models to investigate their correlation with US economic policy uncertainty index and S&P high-yield bond index.The empirical studies show that mixed volatility models can effectively capture the realized volatility of high-yield bonds,and economic policy uncertainty and macroeconomic factors have significant effects on the long-term component of high-yield bonds volatility.展开更多
Characterizing the trajectory of the healthy aging brain and exploring age-related structural changes in the brain can help deepen our understanding of the mechanism of brain aging.Currently,most structural magnetic r...Characterizing the trajectory of the healthy aging brain and exploring age-related structural changes in the brain can help deepen our understanding of the mechanism of brain aging.Currently,most structural magnetic resonance imaging literature explores brain aging merely from the perspective of morphological features,which cannot fully utilize the grayscale values containing important intrinsic information about brain structure.In this study,we propose the construction of two-dimensional horizontal visibility graphs based on the pixel intensity values of the gray matter slices directly.Normalized network structure entropy(NNSE)is then introduced to quantify the overall heterogeneities of these graphs.The results demonstrate a decrease in the NNSEs of gray matter with age.Compared with the middle-aged and the elderly,the larger values of the NNSE in the younger group may indicate more homogeneous network structures,smaller differences in importance between nodes and thus a more powerful ability to tolerate intrusion.In addition,the hub nodes of different adult age groups are primarily located in the precuneus,cingulate gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,inferior temporal gyrus,parahippocampal gyrus,insula,precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus.Our study can provide a new perspective for understanding and exploring the structural mechanism of brain aging.展开更多
The applications of unique identifiers such as name, home address and social security number to link different datasets have been commonly used and well-published. Also, the theoretical concepts of probabilistic algor...The applications of unique identifiers such as name, home address and social security number to link different datasets have been commonly used and well-published. Also, the theoretical concepts of probabilistic algorithm in record linkage have been well-defined in the literature. However, few studies have reported the applications of its probabilistic algorithm using non-unique identifiers. In this paper, we investigate several variables (weight, height, waist, age, sex, smoking and alcohol habit) as non-unique identifiers using Japanese cohort dataset with three-year baseline of 1989-1991 to observe how effectively these identifiers can be used and what influence those may have on record linkage. Moreover, we modify the conditions of these identifiers and estimate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for comparison. We further investigate this by using extended ten-year baseline of 1989-1999 as well. As a result, we conclude that the combination of age, sex, weight and height predicts better estimation with regards to the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than other combinations in both men and women in case of using three-year baseline, whereas the combination of age, sex and height predicts better in both men and women in case of using ten-year baseline.展开更多
基金supported by the Special Edu-cational Research Budget(Research Promotion)[FY2009]the Special Budget(Project)[FY2010 and later years]from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT),Japansupported by the GRENE Arctic Climate Change Research Project,Japan
文摘To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on the upper atmosphere has been developed by a Japanese inter-university project called the Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global Observation Network （1UGONET）. The objective of this paper is to describe the infrastructure and tools developed by IUGONET. We focus on the data analysis software. It is written in Interactive Data Language （IDL） and is a plug-in for the THEMIS Data Analysis Software suite （TDAS）, which is a set of IDL libraries used to visualize and analyze satellite- and ground-based data. We present plots of upper atmospheric data provided by IUGONET as examples of applications, and verify the usefulness of the software in the study of polar science. We discuss IUGONET＇s new and unique developments, i.e., an executable file of TDAS that can run on the IDL Virtual Machine, IDL routines to retrieve metadata from the IUGONET database, and an archive of 3-D simulation data that uses the Common Data Format so that it can easily be used with TDAS.
文摘Background: Weibo is a Twitter-like micro-blog platform in China where people post their real-life events as well as express their feelings in short texts. Since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, thousands of people have expressed their concerns and worries about the outbreak via Weibo, showing the existence of public panic. Methods: This paper comes up with a sentiment analysis approach to discover public panic. First, we used Octoparse to obtain Weibo posts about the hot topic Covid-19 Pandemic. Second, we break down those sentences into independent words and clean the data by removing stop words. Then, we use the sentiment score function that deals with negative words, adverbs, and sentiment words to get the sentiment score of each Weibo post. Results: We observe the distribution of sentiment scores and get the benchmark to evaluate public panic. Also, we apply the same process to test the mass sentiment under other topics to test the efficiency of the sentiment function, which shows that our function works well.
文摘Lunar wrinkle ridges are an important stress geological structure on the Moon, which reflect the stress state and geological activity on the Moon. They provide important insights into the evolution of the Moon and are key factors influencing future lunar activity, such as the choice of landing sites. However, automatic extraction of lunar wrinkle ridges is a challenging task due to their complex morphology and ambiguous features. Traditional manual extraction methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive. To achieve automated and detailed detection of lunar wrinkle ridges, we have constructed a lunar wrinkle ridge data set, incorporating previously unused aspect data to provide edge information, and proposed a Dual-Branch Ridge Detection Network(DBR-Net) based on deep learning technology. This method employs a dual-branch architecture and an Attention Complementary Feature Fusion module to address the issue of insufficient lunar wrinkle ridge features. Through comparisons with the results of various deep learning approaches, it is demonstrated that the proposed method exhibits superior detection performance. Furthermore, the trained model was applied to lunar mare regions, generating a distribution map of lunar mare wrinkle ridges;a significant linear relationship between the length and area of the lunar wrinkle ridges was obtained through statistical analysis, and six previously unrecorded potential lunar wrinkle ridges were detected. The proposed method upgrades the automated extraction of lunar wrinkle ridges to a pixel-level precision and verifies the effectiveness of DBR-Net in lunar wrinkle ridge detection.
基金supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(12231012,12161005,62173161).
文摘Based on the work of Mumby et al.[Thresholds and the resilience of Caribbean coral reefs,Nature 450(2007)98-101],this study is devoted to investigate the deterministic and stochastic features of a coral reef ecosystem in which macroalgae and coral compete to occupy algae turfs,and the macroalgae are grazed by parrotfish.By taking the grazing rate as the focused parameter,we completely analyze the global dynamics of the deterministic coral reef ecosystem,including bistable phenomenon,linear equilibria and degenerate attractor.It is found that for different grazing rates,the coral reef system may exhibit rich dynamics which are closely dependent on the initial values.Furthermore,we derive a stochastic coral reef model in the form of continuous-time Markov chain(CTMC),and estimate the extinction probabilities of macroalgae and coral by using the branching process theory.Analytical results reveal that the macroalgae or coral species will go to extinction in a positive probability,even if it can survive in the deterministic environment.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(Grant Nos.2023GXNSFAA026067,2024GXN SFAA010521)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12361079,12201149,12261026).
文摘Convex feasibility problems are widely used in image reconstruction, sparse signal recovery, and other areas. This paper is devoted to considering a class of convex feasibility problem arising from sparse signal recovery. We first derive the projection formulas for a vector onto the feasible sets. The centralized circumcentered-reflection method is designed to solve the convex feasibility problem. Some numerical experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, showing superior performance compared to conventional alternating projection methods.
基金supported by the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province Education Department for Excellent Young Scholars(Grant No.2024AH030007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52202001)。
文摘Conventional Tb^(3+)-doped phosphors typically suffer from concentration quenching once the doping level exceeds a critical threshold.Consequently,the development of Tb^(3+)phosphors with intrinsic resistance to concentration quenching has become a key research focus.In this work,we successfully synthesized KBi(MoO_(4))_(2):x Tb^(3+)(x=0-100 at%)(denoted as KBM:x Tb^(3+))phosphors via a high-temperature solid-state reaction.Remarkably,no concentration quenching was observed across the entire doping range.This anti-quenching behavior originates from the large Tb^(3+)-Tb^(3+)interionic distance(>5Å)inherent to the quasi-layered crystal structure,which effectively suppresses multipole-interaction-mediated energy migration.At full Tb^(3+)substitution(x=100 at%),the material undergoes a structural phase transition from the monoclinic KBM phase to the triclinicα-KTb(MoO_(4))_(2)(α-KTM)phase.Theα-KTM phosphor exhibits excellent thermal stability(activation energy=0.6129 eV)and a single-exponential decay profile,whereas KBM:x Tb^(3+)(x<100%)display double-exponential decay behaviors,attributed to dual energy transfer pathways.These findings provide new insights into the luminescence mechanisms of high-concentration rare-earth-doped systems and offer guidance for designing nextgeneration anti-quenching phosphors.
文摘The recent effort by The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)Network has revealed that gastric cancer,which is a leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide with a 5-year survival rate less than 25%,is a much more heterogeneous disease than previously thought.And yet,conventional treatment approaches and clinical trials have assumed it is a single disease.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61703386,U1605251 and91546103)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.1708085QF140)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2150110006)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2014299)
文摘Due to the prevalence of social network services, more and more attentions are paid to explore how information diffuses and users affect each other in these networks, which has a wide range of applications, such as viral marketing, reposting prediction and social recommendation. Therefore, in this paper, we review the recent advances on information diffusion analysis in social networks and its applications. Specifically, we first shed light on several popular models to describe the information diffusion process in social networks, which enables three practical applications, i.e., influence evaluation, influence maximization and information source detection. Then, we discuss how to evaluate the authority and influence based on network structures. After that, current solutions to influence maximiza- tion and information source detection are discussed in detail, respectively. Finally, some possible research directions of information diffu- sion analysis are listed for further study.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To systematically investigate the clinical effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese herbs(TCHs)as an alternative to conventional medicine(CM)in children with cough variant asthma(CVA).METHODS:Randomized controlled trial(RCT)studies that were published from their inceptions to March 31,2020,were identified from the electronic databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wangfang,Pub Med,and Cochrane Central Library.The primary outcome of the review was the total effective rate(TER),and the secondary outcomes were immunoglobulin E(Ig E),peak expiratory flow(PEF),adverse drug reactions,and relapse rates of interventions.RESULTS:For the Meta-analysis,13 studies involving 992 children with CVA were included.In terms of TER and Ig E,the experimental interventions of TCH,when compared with the control interventions of CM,on pediatric CVA were found to be significantly effective(P<0.0001),whereas for spirometry,PEF was not significantly improved in the TCH group(P=0.48).The incident rates of adverse drug reaction and relapse were found to be significantly lower in the TCH group than those in the CM group(P=0.02 and P<0.0001,respectively).CONCLUSION:Compared with CM therapy,the effects of TCH therapy on pediatric CVA were significantly beneficial in terms of TER and Ig E,but not for PEF,and the methodological quality of included studies was poor.Therefore,the results should be interpreted with caution.More randomized controlled trials with rigorous experimental methodologies are required for objectivity in the future.
基金the Jiangsu Government Scholarship for Overseas Studies (JS-2019-031)the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST (2243141701023)。
文摘Coal is a crucial fossil energy in today’s society,and the detection of sulfir(S) and nitrogen(N)in coal is essential for the evaluation of coal quality.Therefore,an efficient method is needed to quantitatively analyze N and S content in coal,to achieve the purpose of clean utilization of coal.This study applied laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) to test coal quality,and combined two variable selection algorithms,competitive adaptive reweighted sampling(CARS) and the successive projections algorithm(SPA),to establish the corresponding partial least square(PLS) model.The results of the experiment were as follows.The PLS modeled with the full spectrum of 27,620 variables has poor accuracy,the coefficient of determination of the test set(R^2 P) and root mean square error of the test set(RMSEP) of nitrogen were 0.5172 and 0.2263,respectively,and those of sulfur were0.5784 and 0.5811,respectively.The CARS-PLS screened 37 and 25 variables respectively in the detection of N and S elements,but the prediction ability of the model did not improve significantly.SPA-PLS finally screened 14 and 11 variables respectively through successive projections,and obtained the best prediction effect among the three methods.The R^2 P and RMSEP of nitrogen were0.9873 and 0.0208,respectively,and those of sulfur were 0.9451 and 0.2082,respectively.In general,the predictive results of the two elements increased by about 90% for RMSEP and 60% for R2 P compared with PLS.The results show that LIBS combined with SPA-PLS has good potential for detecting N and S content in coal,and is a very promising technology for industrial application.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2022YFF0608103the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61922012+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of State Administration for Market Regulation under Grant 2021MK155the Fundamental Funds of National Institute of Metrology under Grant AKYZD2116-2.
文摘Wireless channel characteristics have significant impacts on channel modeling,estimation,and communication performance.While the channel sparsity is an important characteristic of wireless channels.Utilizing the sparse nature of wireless channels can reduce the complexity of channel modeling and estimation,and improve system design and performance analysis.Compared with the traditional sub6 GHz channel,millimeter wave(mmWave)channel has been considered to be more sparse in existing researches.However,most research only assume that the mmWave channel is sparse,without providing quantitative analysis and evaluation.Therefore,this paper evaluates the sparsity of mmWave channels based on mmWave channel measurements.A vector network analyzer(VNA)-based mmWave channel sounder is developed to measure the channel at 28 GHz,and multi-scenario channel measurements are conducted.The Gini index,Rician𝐾factor and rootmean-square(RMS)delay spread are used to measure channel sparsity.Then,the key factors affecting mmWave channel sparsity are explored.It is found that antenna steering direction and scattering environment will affect the sparsity of mmWave channel.In addition,the impact of channel sparsity on channel eigenvalue and capacity is evaluated and analyzed.
基金the financial support of this work from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11972073,Grant No.51974357,and Grant No.52274027)supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M713204)Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(Grant No.2121DJ2301).
文摘Production optimization is of significance for carbonate reservoirs,directly affecting the sustainability and profitability of reservoir development.Traditional physics-based numerical simulations suffer from insufficient calculation accuracy and excessive time consumption when performing production optimization.We establish an ensemble proxy-model-assisted optimization framework combining the Bayesian random forest(BRF)with the particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO).The BRF method is implemented to construct a proxy model of the injectioneproduction system that can accurately predict the dynamic parameters of producers based on injection data and production measures.With the help of proxy model,PSO is applied to search the optimal injection pattern integrating Pareto front analysis.After experimental testing,the proxy model not only boasts higher prediction accuracy compared to deep learning,but it also requires 8 times less time for training.In addition,the injection mode adjusted by the PSO algorithm can effectively reduce the gaseoil ratio and increase the oil production by more than 10% for carbonate reservoirs.The proposed proxy-model-assisted optimization protocol brings new perspectives on the multi-objective optimization problems in the petroleum industry,which can provide more options for the project decision-makers to balance the oil production and the gaseoil ratio considering physical and operational constraints.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0501501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant(11601292,61873154,11801398)+4 种基金Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Province(20210009)General Youth Fund project in Shanxi Province(201901D211158)the 1331 Engineering Project of Shanxi Province,Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province(2019L0114)Key Projects of Health Commission of Shanxi Province(No.2020XM18)the Key Research and Development Project in Shanxi Province(202003D31011/GZ).
文摘Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)is an acute,highly infectious and pathogenic animal disease.In recent years,with the rapid development of the swine breeding industry in China,pig farms have shown a trend of larger-scale development.Large-scale pig farms employ standardized management,a high level of automation,and a strict_system.However,these farms have a large trading volume,and increased transmission intensity of FMD is noted inside the farm.At present,the main control measure against FMD is pig vaccination.However,a standard for immunization procedures is not available,and currently adopted immunization procedures have not been effectively and systematically evaluated.Taking a typical large-scale pig farm in China as the research subject and considering the breeding pattern,piggery structure,age structure and immunization procedures,an individual-based state probability model is established to evaluate the effectiveness of the immune procedure.Based on numerical simulation,it is concluded that the optimal immunization program involves primary immunization at 40 days of age and secondary immunization at 80 days of age for commercial pigs.Breeding boars and breeding sows are immunized 4 times a year,and reserve pigs are immunized at 169 and 259 days of age.According to the theoretical analysis,the average control reproduction number of individuals under the optimal immunization procedure in the farm is 0.4927.In the absence of immunization,the average is 1.7498,indicating that the epidemic cannot be controlled without immunization procedures.
基金supported by the project funded by International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable 740 Development Goals[Grant Number CBAS2022GSP07]Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Chongqing Natural Science Foundation[Grant Number CSTB2022NSCQMSX 2069]Ministry of Education of China[Grant Number 19JZD023].
文摘Individual Tree Detection-and-Counting(ITDC)is among the important tasks in town areas,and numerous methods are proposed in this direction.Despite their many advantages,still,the proposed methods are inadequate to provide robust results because they mostly rely on the direct field investigations.This paper presents a novel approach involving high-resolution imagery and the Canopy-Height-Model(CHM)data to solve the ITDC problem.The new approach is studied in six urban scenes:farmland,woodland,park,industrial land,road and residential areas.First,it identifies tree canopy regions using a deep learning network from high-resolution imagery.It then deploys the CHM-data to detect treetops of the canopy regions using a local maximum algorithm and individual tree canopies using the region growing.Finally,it calculates and describes the number of individual trees and tree canopies.The proposed approach is experimented with the data from Shanghai,China.Our results show that the individual tree detection method had an average overall accuracy of 0.953,with a precision of 0.987 for woodland scene.Meanwhile,the R^(2) value for canopy segmentation in different urban scenes is greater than 0.780 and 0.779 for canopy area and diameter size,respectively.These results confirm that the proposed method is robust enough for urban tree planning and management.
基金supported by the Higher Education Commission(HEC),Pakistan[grant number 50040696]Bernard De Baets and Guy De Tréreceived funding from the Flemish Government under the“Onderzoeksprogramma Artificiële Intelligentie(AI)Vlaanderen”program.
文摘An intersection of two or more roads poses a risk for potential conflicts among vehicles.Often the reasons triggering such conflicts are not clear,as they might be too subtle for the human eye.The environment also plays a part in understanding where,when,and why a particular vehicle interaction has occurred in a certain way.Therefore,it is of paramount importance to dive deeper into the vehicle interaction at a micro-scale within the embedded geographical environment,particularly at the intersections.This would in turn assist in evaluating the association of vehicle interactions with conflict risks and near-miss accidents.Moreover,detection of such micro traffic interactions could also be used to improvise the complexity of the already established transport infrastructure.Conversely,traffic at intersections has been explored mainly for flow estimation,capacity and width measurements,and traffic congestion,etc.,whereas the detection of micro-scale traffic interactions at intersections remains relatively under-explored.In this paper,we present a novel approach to retrieve and represent micro-scale traffic movement interactions at a non-signalized T-junction by extending a recently introduced qualitative spatiotemporal Point-Descriptor-Precedence(PDP)representation.We study how the PDP representation offers a fine solution to study the interaction of traffic flows at intersections.This permits tracking the micro-movement of vehicles in much finer detail,which is used later to retrieve movement patterns from a motion dataset.Unlike conventional approaches,we start our approach with the actual movements before modeling the static intersection environment.Additionally,with the aid of illustrative examples,we discuss how the length,width,and speed of the vehicles can be exploited in our approach to detect specific patterns more accurately.Additionally,we address the potential benefits of our approach for traffic safety assessment and how it can be extended to a network of intersections using different transport modes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of PR China(42075130)the Postgraduate Research and Innovation Project of Jiangsu Province(1534052101133).
文摘Transmission line(TL)Parameter Identification(PI)method plays an essential role in the transmission system.The existing PI methods usually have two limitations:(1)These methods only model for single TL,and can not consider the topology connection of multiple branches for simultaneous identification.(2)Transient bad data is ignored by methods,and the random selection of terminal section data may cause the distortion of PI and have serious consequences.Therefore,a multi-task PI model considering multiple TLs’spatial constraints and massive electrical section data is proposed in this paper.The Graph Attention Network module is used to draw a single TL into a node and calculate its influence coefficient in the transmission network.Multi-Task strategy of Hard Parameter Sharing is used to identify the conductance ofmultiple branches simultaneously.Experiments show that themethod has good accuracy and robustness.Due to the consideration of spatial constraints,the method can also obtain more accurate conductance values under different training and testing conditions.
基金Supported by Foundation for Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Scientists in Shandong Province under Grant No.BS2011HZ019State Key Laboratory of Data Analysis and Applications,State Oceanic Administration under Grant No.LDAA-2011-02the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.201113006
文摘We use multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis （MF-DFA） method to investigate the multifractal behavior of the interevent time series in a modified Olami-Feder-Christensen （OFC） earthquake model on assortative scale-free networks. We determine generalized Hurst exponent and singularity spectrum and find that these fluctuations have multifraetal nature. Comparing the MF-DFA results for the original interevent time series with those for shuffled and surrogate series, we conclude that the origin of multifractality is due to both the broadness of probability density function and long-range correlation.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71461005,71561008)National Social Science Foundation of China(No.17BGL234)Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(No.YC-SW2017143).
文摘It is well known that economic policy uncertainty prompts the volatility of the high-yield bond market.However,the correlation between economic policy uncertainty and volatility of high-yield bonds is still not clear.In this paper,we employ GARCH-MIDAS models to investigate their correlation with US economic policy uncertainty index and S&P high-yield bond index.The empirical studies show that mixed volatility models can effectively capture the realized volatility of high-yield bonds,and economic policy uncertainty and macroeconomic factors have significant effects on the long-term component of high-yield bonds volatility.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20190736)the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81701346 and 61603198)Qinglan Team of Universities in Jiangsu Province(Jiangsu Teacher Letter[2020]10 and Jiangsu Teacher Letter[2021]11).
文摘Characterizing the trajectory of the healthy aging brain and exploring age-related structural changes in the brain can help deepen our understanding of the mechanism of brain aging.Currently,most structural magnetic resonance imaging literature explores brain aging merely from the perspective of morphological features,which cannot fully utilize the grayscale values containing important intrinsic information about brain structure.In this study,we propose the construction of two-dimensional horizontal visibility graphs based on the pixel intensity values of the gray matter slices directly.Normalized network structure entropy(NNSE)is then introduced to quantify the overall heterogeneities of these graphs.The results demonstrate a decrease in the NNSEs of gray matter with age.Compared with the middle-aged and the elderly,the larger values of the NNSE in the younger group may indicate more homogeneous network structures,smaller differences in importance between nodes and thus a more powerful ability to tolerate intrusion.In addition,the hub nodes of different adult age groups are primarily located in the precuneus,cingulate gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,inferior temporal gyrus,parahippocampal gyrus,insula,precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus.Our study can provide a new perspective for understanding and exploring the structural mechanism of brain aging.
文摘The applications of unique identifiers such as name, home address and social security number to link different datasets have been commonly used and well-published. Also, the theoretical concepts of probabilistic algorithm in record linkage have been well-defined in the literature. However, few studies have reported the applications of its probabilistic algorithm using non-unique identifiers. In this paper, we investigate several variables (weight, height, waist, age, sex, smoking and alcohol habit) as non-unique identifiers using Japanese cohort dataset with three-year baseline of 1989-1991 to observe how effectively these identifiers can be used and what influence those may have on record linkage. Moreover, we modify the conditions of these identifiers and estimate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for comparison. We further investigate this by using extended ten-year baseline of 1989-1999 as well. As a result, we conclude that the combination of age, sex, weight and height predicts better estimation with regards to the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than other combinations in both men and women in case of using three-year baseline, whereas the combination of age, sex and height predicts better in both men and women in case of using ten-year baseline.
