Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is used in screening programs for early detection with a consequent reduction of PCa-specifi...Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is used in screening programs for early detection with a consequent reduction of PCa-specific mortality at the cost of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of the nonaggressive PCa. Recently, several assays have been commercially developed to implement PCa diagnosis, but they have not been included in both screening and diagnosis of PCa. This review aims to describe the actual and novel commercially available molecular biomarkers that can be used in PCa management to implement and tailor the screening and diagnosis of PCa.展开更多
Background Optimal gut health is important to maximize growth performance and feed efficiency in broiler chickens.A total of 1,365 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5 treatments gro...Background Optimal gut health is important to maximize growth performance and feed efficiency in broiler chickens.A total of 1,365 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5 treatments groups with 21 replicates,13 birds per replicate.The present research investigated effects of microbial muramidase or a precision glycan alone or in combination on growth performance,apparent total tract digestibility,total blood carotenoid content,intestinal villus length,meat quality and gut microbiota in broiler chickens.Treatments included:NC:negative control(basal diet group);PC:positive control(basal diet+0.02%probiotics);MR:basal diet+0.035%microbial muramidase;PG:basal diet+0.1%precision glycan;and MRPG:basal diet+0.025%MR+0.1%PG,respectively.Results MRPG group increased the body weight gain and feed intake(P<0.05)compared with NC group.Moreover,it significantly increased total serum carotenoid(P<0.05)and MRPG altered the microbial diversity in ileum contents.The MRPG treatment group increased the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes,and family Lachnospiraceae,Ruminococcaceae,Oscillospiraceae,Lactobacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae and decreased the abundance of the phylum Campilobacterota,Bacteroidota and family Bacteroidaceae.Compared with the NC group,the chickens fed MRPG showed significantly increased in duodenum villus length at end the trial.Conclusion In this study,overall results showed that the synergetic effects of MR and PG showed enhancing growth performance,total serum carotenoid level and altering gut microbiota composition of broilers.The current research indicates that co-supplementation of MR and PG in broiler diets enhances intestinal health,consequently leading to an increased broiler production.展开更多
The present study had the objectives to apply the splitting technique in feed pellet quality prediction models and validate these models through Herzberg equation.The independent factors(input data)were the particle s...The present study had the objectives to apply the splitting technique in feed pellet quality prediction models and validate these models through Herzberg equation.The independent factors(input data)were the particle size(PS:coarse and medium),heat treatment(HT:expanded-pelleted and pelleted),fat addition levels(FA:15,25,35 and 45 g/kg of feed)and moisture addition levels(MA:0,7,14 and 21 g/kg of feed)which were combined in a full factorial design(2×2×4×4),resulting in 64 different treatments with eight replicates each.The intact pellets amount and pellet durability index(PDI)were considered as the model’s output data.In the splitting technique the whole data set,composed by 512 observations,were splitted in two data set:(1)model construction set(75%of the total data)and(2)model validation set(25%of the total data set,which were selected randomly from the original data set).Both equations,the one obtained by splitting method and the one obtained by whole data set,had good coefficient of determination and similar residues square means.It was concluded that splitting technique can be successfully applied to fit a prediction equation for feed pelleting process and that Herzberg equation consists in a useful tool to validate the coefficient of determination of those models.展开更多
文摘Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is used in screening programs for early detection with a consequent reduction of PCa-specific mortality at the cost of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of the nonaggressive PCa. Recently, several assays have been commercially developed to implement PCa diagnosis, but they have not been included in both screening and diagnosis of PCa. This review aims to describe the actual and novel commercially available molecular biomarkers that can be used in PCa management to implement and tailor the screening and diagnosis of PCa.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-RS-2023-00275307)。
文摘Background Optimal gut health is important to maximize growth performance and feed efficiency in broiler chickens.A total of 1,365 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5 treatments groups with 21 replicates,13 birds per replicate.The present research investigated effects of microbial muramidase or a precision glycan alone or in combination on growth performance,apparent total tract digestibility,total blood carotenoid content,intestinal villus length,meat quality and gut microbiota in broiler chickens.Treatments included:NC:negative control(basal diet group);PC:positive control(basal diet+0.02%probiotics);MR:basal diet+0.035%microbial muramidase;PG:basal diet+0.1%precision glycan;and MRPG:basal diet+0.025%MR+0.1%PG,respectively.Results MRPG group increased the body weight gain and feed intake(P<0.05)compared with NC group.Moreover,it significantly increased total serum carotenoid(P<0.05)and MRPG altered the microbial diversity in ileum contents.The MRPG treatment group increased the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes,and family Lachnospiraceae,Ruminococcaceae,Oscillospiraceae,Lactobacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae and decreased the abundance of the phylum Campilobacterota,Bacteroidota and family Bacteroidaceae.Compared with the NC group,the chickens fed MRPG showed significantly increased in duodenum villus length at end the trial.Conclusion In this study,overall results showed that the synergetic effects of MR and PG showed enhancing growth performance,total serum carotenoid level and altering gut microbiota composition of broilers.The current research indicates that co-supplementation of MR and PG in broiler diets enhances intestinal health,consequently leading to an increased broiler production.
文摘The present study had the objectives to apply the splitting technique in feed pellet quality prediction models and validate these models through Herzberg equation.The independent factors(input data)were the particle size(PS:coarse and medium),heat treatment(HT:expanded-pelleted and pelleted),fat addition levels(FA:15,25,35 and 45 g/kg of feed)and moisture addition levels(MA:0,7,14 and 21 g/kg of feed)which were combined in a full factorial design(2×2×4×4),resulting in 64 different treatments with eight replicates each.The intact pellets amount and pellet durability index(PDI)were considered as the model’s output data.In the splitting technique the whole data set,composed by 512 observations,were splitted in two data set:(1)model construction set(75%of the total data)and(2)model validation set(25%of the total data set,which were selected randomly from the original data set).Both equations,the one obtained by splitting method and the one obtained by whole data set,had good coefficient of determination and similar residues square means.It was concluded that splitting technique can be successfully applied to fit a prediction equation for feed pelleting process and that Herzberg equation consists in a useful tool to validate the coefficient of determination of those models.
