In a quest of search for a new burning rate modifier for composite propellant, strontium titanate (SrTiO3), a perovskite oxide has been chosen for evaluation in a composite propellant formulation based on its other ca...In a quest of search for a new burning rate modifier for composite propellant, strontium titanate (SrTiO3), a perovskite oxide has been chosen for evaluation in a composite propellant formulation based on its other catalytic applications. Initially, SrTiO3 was characterized for particle size, morphology and material/ phase identification (using XRD). By varying SrTiO3 content in a standard composite propellant, different compositions were prepared and their performance and processing parameters like the end of mix (EOM) viscosity, mechanical properties, density, burning rate, pressure exponent (n-value), etc. were measured. The results reveal that 2% SrTiO3 causes more than 12% enhancement in propellant burning rate (at 70 ksc pressure) in comparison to the standard propellant composition. The pressure exponent also increases to 0.46, whereas the standard composition was having its value as 0.35.展开更多
In recent years,magnesium(Mg)has evolved as a salient material,in affiliation with electroless nickel(Ni)coating,which have found applications in automobiles,aerospace and confederate fields attributing to its excelle...In recent years,magnesium(Mg)has evolved as a salient material,in affiliation with electroless nickel(Ni)coating,which have found applications in automobiles,aerospace and confederate fields attributing to its excellent inherent weight sensitive properties.However,being acknowledged for its remarkable auxiliary properties like flexible machining,appreciable weight sensitivity and ability to be patently diecast into mesh constructs,magnesium is prejudiced by aeronautical standards predominantly for its inferior corrosion resistance properties.In this sense,electroless nickel plating on magnesium and its alloys has been suggested to extricate it from corrosion problem and make it more competitive in industrial and defence applications.Autocatalytic fixation of metal ions onto respective substrates accrues and alters their mechanical,electrochemical and tribological properties,destitute of any electric current aid.This proficiently identified technique is prosecuted with the assistance of a series of sequenced operations involving a prior pretreatment,which corresponds to the chemical cleaning of the substrate surface;electroless coating;and a later activation process which is a mild etching of the electroless coated surface.The susceptibility of magnesium to this methodology has advanced and propagated its exercise and applicability in aircraft,satellites and allied aeronautical fields.Contemporarily,researchers have proposed various eco-friendly and modified duplex and composite coatings which have transmuted properties of these appendages by tailoring alloy compositions and reagents employed.This review article systematically colligates various considerations and evaluations on electroless nickel applications of magnesium and its alloys and explicates how it anchors its practice in the respective domains.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis is devised based on the pre-existing treatment methods for accomplishing the same.展开更多
Shannon observed the relation between information entropy and Maxwell demon experiment to come up with information entropy formula. After that, Shannon＇s entropy formula is widely used to measure information leakage ...Shannon observed the relation between information entropy and Maxwell demon experiment to come up with information entropy formula. After that, Shannon＇s entropy formula is widely used to measure information leakage in imperative programs. But in the present work, our aim is to go in a reverse direction and try to find possible Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup for contemporary practical imperative programs in which variations of Shannon＇s entropy formula has been applied to measure the information leakage. To establish the relation between the second principle of thermodynamics and quantitative analysis of information leakage, present work models contemporary variations of imperative programs in terms of Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup. In the present work five contemporary variations of imperative program related to information quantification are identified. They are： （i） information leakage in imperative program, （ii） imperative multi- threaded program, （iii） point to point leakage in the imperative program, （iv） imperative program with infinite observation, and （v） imperative program in the SOA-based environment. For these variations, minimal work required by an attacker to gain the secret is also calculated using historical Maxwell＇s demon experiment. To model the experimental setup of Maxwell＇s demon, non-interference security policy is used. In the present work, imperative programs with one-bit secret information have been considered to avoid the complexity. The findings of the present work from the history of physics can be utilized in many areas related to information flow of physical computing, nano-computing, quantum computing, biological computing, energy dissipation in computing, and computing power analysis.展开更多
This study aims to analyse and forecast the significance of input process parameters to obtain a better ENi-P-TiO_(2) coated surface using artificial neural networks(ANN).By varying the four process parameters with th...This study aims to analyse and forecast the significance of input process parameters to obtain a better ENi-P-TiO_(2) coated surface using artificial neural networks(ANN).By varying the four process parameters with the Taguchi L9 design,fortyfive numbers of AH36 steel specimens are coated with ENi-P-TiO_(2) composites,and their microhardness values are determined.The ANN model was formulated using the input and output data obtained from the 45 specimens.The optimal design was developed based on mean squared error(MSE)and R2 values.The experimentally measured values were compared with their predicted values to determine the ANN model’s predictability.The efficiency of the ANN model is evaluated with an R2 value of 0.959 and an MSE value of 34.5634.The authors have concluded that the developed model is suitable for designing and predicting ENi-P-TiO_(2) composite coatings to avoid extensive experimentation with economic production.Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)and X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD)are also utilised to compare the base metal and optimal coated surface.展开更多
A compact Ultra-WideBand(UWB) slot antenna is presented in this paper. The slot is modified rectangular in shape and asymmetrically cut in the ground plane. A hexagonal patch with two stepped CoPlanar Waveguide(CPW) f...A compact Ultra-WideBand(UWB) slot antenna is presented in this paper. The slot is modified rectangular in shape and asymmetrically cut in the ground plane. A hexagonal patch with two stepped CoPlanar Waveguide(CPW) feed is used to excite the slot. Wider impedance bandwidth is achieved due to the extra inductive reactance created by the asymmetric slot which neutralizes the capacitive reactance of the hexagonal patch. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 11.85 GHz(2.9–14.75 GHz). The radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are obtained and found to be omni-directional in H-plane and bi-directional in E-plane.展开更多
Power Cartridges are pyrotechnic devices where hot combustion gases utilized to do mechanical work for disruption of suspected Improvised Explosive Devices(IEDs). It plays a vital role either in destroying the suspici...Power Cartridges are pyrotechnic devices where hot combustion gases utilized to do mechanical work for disruption of suspected Improvised Explosive Devices(IEDs). It plays a vital role either in destroying the suspicious object or making them non-functional by generating the gas pressure on burning of propellant against the water column inside the barrel, Present work is focused on characterisation,numerical solution such as deformation; strain; stress using FEM(Finite Element Method), design qualification, performance and evaluation of power cartridge for disruptor application. Experimental trials for pressure-time(P-t) measurement in closed vessel(CV), various electrical parameters like all fire current(AFC), no fire current(NFC) and ignition delay have been measured. Further, mechanical properties for brass material have been determined. An attempt has been made to characterise the power cartridge by FEM and carrying out the experiments for water-jet application.展开更多
The cytotoxicity of hydrophobic QDs CdS/CdSe was tested assigning MTT assay on Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK-293), breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and Enrichlish Ascitices Cells (EAC). Approximately 65% bio-toxicity w...The cytotoxicity of hydrophobic QDs CdS/CdSe was tested assigning MTT assay on Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK-293), breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and Enrichlish Ascitices Cells (EAC). Approximately 65% bio-toxicity was observed in MCF-7 for the core-shell QDs. These QDs may also find effective applications in other optoelectronic devices. CdS/CdSe core-shell hetrostructure quantum dots (QDs) were generated by chemical reaction between the respective chalcogens and cadmium metal salt. Sulphur powder was utilized for CdS core preparation while selenium was extracted from an organoselenium compound to impart CdSe shell layer at a temperature between 150℃ - 200℃. So-prepared core-shell QDs showed good optical properties. The particle size was found to be in the range of 3 - 4 nm with spherical morphology and cubic crystal structure.展开更多
Polyomavirus hominis 1, better known as BK virus (BKV), infects up to 90%of the general population. Significant clinical manifestations can be seen in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of haemorragic cystit...Polyomavirus hominis 1, better known as BK virus (BKV), infects up to 90%of the general population. Significant clinical manifestations can be seen in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of haemorragic cystitis likely due to BKV in a child after allotransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. A 10-year old boy with poor-prognosis acute T lymphoblastic leukaemia underwent cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation while in his first relapse. Macroscopic haematuria and low back pain occurred by day 95, in the context of acute graft versus host disease and pulmonary aspergillosis. Histopathologic examination showed a cytopathogenetic effect consistent with the diagnosis of BKV infection. Urinary PCR was positive for BKV. Treatment with cidofovir was followed by a marked improvement of urinary symptoms. The current understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of BKV-associated infection is discussed.展开更多
We describe cholestasis as a result of bile duct abnormalities in 8 children with portal vein obstruction. In a clinical, biochemical and radiological invest igation of 121 children with cavernous transformation of th...We describe cholestasis as a result of bile duct abnormalities in 8 children with portal vein obstruction. In a clinical, biochemical and radiological invest igation of 121 children with cavernous transformation of the portal vein seen be tween 1986 and 2000, 8 presented with jaundice, pruritus, and/or raised serum am inotransferases and/or gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma GT) activities. Each displayed dilation and narrowing of intraand/ or extrahepatic bile ducts. Surgi cal decompression of the portal system (portal- systemic or Rex anastomosis) re sulted in the regression of the signs of cholestasis in all children. We conclud e that children with portal vein obstruction may exhibit clinically significant cholestasis as a result of external compression of the bile duct by the cavernom a.展开更多
Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory manifestations of childhood -onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at presentation. Study design: This r etrospective French multicenter study involved 155 patient...Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory manifestations of childhood -onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at presentation. Study design: This r etrospective French multicenter study involved 155 patients in whom SLE develope d before the age of 16 years. Mean patient age at onset was 11.5 ±2.5 years (ra nge, 1.5-16 years). The female to male ratio was 4.5. Results: The most common initial manifestations were hematologic (72%), cutaneous (70%), musculoskeleta l (64%), renal (50%), and fever (58%). Thirty-two percent of children had at ypical symptoms, mainly including abdominal involvement in 26 patients, which le ad to negative laparotomy results for presumed appendicitis. Severe renal, neuro logic, hematologic, abdominal, cardiac, pulmonary, thrombotic, and/or cutaneous manifestations occurred within the first month after the diagnosis in 40%of pat ients. The mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 72 ±29 mm/h, and the mean C -reactive protein value 22 ±21 mg/L. Antinuclear antibodies an, anti-double s tranded DNA antibodies, and low C3 or C4 level were retrieved in 97%, 93%, and 78 %of patients, respectively. Conclusion: Initial manifestations of childhood -onset SLE are diverse and often severe. The diagnosis of SLE should be promptl y considered in any febrile adolescent with unexplained organ involvement, espec ially when associated with an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.展开更多
Congenital hyperinsulinism of infancy is a severe disease that leads to important brain damage.Two different forms of the disease have been identified by pathologists: a diffuse and a focal form.A specific genetic ano...Congenital hyperinsulinism of infancy is a severe disease that leads to important brain damage.Two different forms of the disease have been identified by pathologists: a diffuse and a focal form.A specific genetic anomaly identified in focal forms has never been described in diffuse ones.However, for most of authors, failure of medical treatment results in near-total pancreatectomy in all cases, which ends in diabetus.The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the results of elective partial pancreatectomy performed in 60 cases of focal form of hyperinsulinism over the last 18 years.Fifty-eight patients were cured with euglycemia at both fasting and hyperglycaemic tests without insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.One patient is still in hypoglycaemia from unrecognized lesion; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus occurred in one case nine years after surgery (a near-total pancreatectomy has been performed because of unknown focal form, in 1985).展开更多
Background Human amniotic epithelial cells （HAECs）, which have several characteristics similar to stem cells, therefore could possibly be used in cell therapy without creating legal or ethical problems. In this stud...Background Human amniotic epithelial cells （HAECs）, which have several characteristics similar to stem cells, therefore could possibly be used in cell therapy without creating legal or ethical problems. In this study, we transplanted HEACs into the injured spinal cord of rats to investigate if the cells can improve the rats＇ hindlimb motor function. Methods HAECs were obtained from a piece of fresh amnion, labeled with Hoechst33342, and transplanted into the site of complete midthoracic spinal transections in adult rats. The rats （n=21） were randomly divided into three groups： Sham-operation group （n=7）, cells-graft group （n=7）, and PBS group （n=7）. One rat of each group was killed for histological analysis at the second week after the transplantation. The other six rats of each group were killed for histological analysis after an 8-week behavioral testing. Hindlimb motor function was assessed by using the open-field BBB scoring system. Survival rate of the graft cells was observed at second and eighth weeks after the transplantation. We also detected the myelin sheath fibers around the lesions and the size of the axotomized red nucleus. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare the means among the groups. The significance level was set at P〈0.05. Results The graft HAECs survived for a long time （8 weeks） and integrated into the host spinal cord without immune rejection. Compared with the control group, HAECs can promote the regeneration and sprouting of the axons, improve the hindlimb motor function of the rats （BBB score： cells-graft group 9.0 ± 0.89 vs PBS group 3.7± 1.03, P〈0.01）, and inhibit the atrophy of axotomized red nucleus [cells-graft group （526.47±148.42）μm^2 vs PBS group （473.69±164.73） μm^2, P〈0.01]. Conclusion Transplantation of HAECs can improve the hindlimb motor function of rats with spinal cord injury.展开更多
文摘In a quest of search for a new burning rate modifier for composite propellant, strontium titanate (SrTiO3), a perovskite oxide has been chosen for evaluation in a composite propellant formulation based on its other catalytic applications. Initially, SrTiO3 was characterized for particle size, morphology and material/ phase identification (using XRD). By varying SrTiO3 content in a standard composite propellant, different compositions were prepared and their performance and processing parameters like the end of mix (EOM) viscosity, mechanical properties, density, burning rate, pressure exponent (n-value), etc. were measured. The results reveal that 2% SrTiO3 causes more than 12% enhancement in propellant burning rate (at 70 ksc pressure) in comparison to the standard propellant composition. The pressure exponent also increases to 0.46, whereas the standard composition was having its value as 0.35.
文摘In recent years,magnesium(Mg)has evolved as a salient material,in affiliation with electroless nickel(Ni)coating,which have found applications in automobiles,aerospace and confederate fields attributing to its excellent inherent weight sensitive properties.However,being acknowledged for its remarkable auxiliary properties like flexible machining,appreciable weight sensitivity and ability to be patently diecast into mesh constructs,magnesium is prejudiced by aeronautical standards predominantly for its inferior corrosion resistance properties.In this sense,electroless nickel plating on magnesium and its alloys has been suggested to extricate it from corrosion problem and make it more competitive in industrial and defence applications.Autocatalytic fixation of metal ions onto respective substrates accrues and alters their mechanical,electrochemical and tribological properties,destitute of any electric current aid.This proficiently identified technique is prosecuted with the assistance of a series of sequenced operations involving a prior pretreatment,which corresponds to the chemical cleaning of the substrate surface;electroless coating;and a later activation process which is a mild etching of the electroless coated surface.The susceptibility of magnesium to this methodology has advanced and propagated its exercise and applicability in aircraft,satellites and allied aeronautical fields.Contemporarily,researchers have proposed various eco-friendly and modified duplex and composite coatings which have transmuted properties of these appendages by tailoring alloy compositions and reagents employed.This review article systematically colligates various considerations and evaluations on electroless nickel applications of magnesium and its alloys and explicates how it anchors its practice in the respective domains.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis is devised based on the pre-existing treatment methods for accomplishing the same.
文摘Shannon observed the relation between information entropy and Maxwell demon experiment to come up with information entropy formula. After that, Shannon＇s entropy formula is widely used to measure information leakage in imperative programs. But in the present work, our aim is to go in a reverse direction and try to find possible Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup for contemporary practical imperative programs in which variations of Shannon＇s entropy formula has been applied to measure the information leakage. To establish the relation between the second principle of thermodynamics and quantitative analysis of information leakage, present work models contemporary variations of imperative programs in terms of Maxwell＇s demon experimental setup. In the present work five contemporary variations of imperative program related to information quantification are identified. They are： （i） information leakage in imperative program, （ii） imperative multi- threaded program, （iii） point to point leakage in the imperative program, （iv） imperative program with infinite observation, and （v） imperative program in the SOA-based environment. For these variations, minimal work required by an attacker to gain the secret is also calculated using historical Maxwell＇s demon experiment. To model the experimental setup of Maxwell＇s demon, non-interference security policy is used. In the present work, imperative programs with one-bit secret information have been considered to avoid the complexity. The findings of the present work from the history of physics can be utilized in many areas related to information flow of physical computing, nano-computing, quantum computing, biological computing, energy dissipation in computing, and computing power analysis.
文摘This study aims to analyse and forecast the significance of input process parameters to obtain a better ENi-P-TiO_(2) coated surface using artificial neural networks(ANN).By varying the four process parameters with the Taguchi L9 design,fortyfive numbers of AH36 steel specimens are coated with ENi-P-TiO_(2) composites,and their microhardness values are determined.The ANN model was formulated using the input and output data obtained from the 45 specimens.The optimal design was developed based on mean squared error(MSE)and R2 values.The experimentally measured values were compared with their predicted values to determine the ANN model’s predictability.The efficiency of the ANN model is evaluated with an R2 value of 0.959 and an MSE value of 34.5634.The authors have concluded that the developed model is suitable for designing and predicting ENi-P-TiO_(2) composite coatings to avoid extensive experimentation with economic production.Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)and X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD)are also utilised to compare the base metal and optimal coated surface.
文摘A compact Ultra-WideBand(UWB) slot antenna is presented in this paper. The slot is modified rectangular in shape and asymmetrically cut in the ground plane. A hexagonal patch with two stepped CoPlanar Waveguide(CPW) feed is used to excite the slot. Wider impedance bandwidth is achieved due to the extra inductive reactance created by the asymmetric slot which neutralizes the capacitive reactance of the hexagonal patch. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 11.85 GHz(2.9–14.75 GHz). The radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are obtained and found to be omni-directional in H-plane and bi-directional in E-plane.
文摘Power Cartridges are pyrotechnic devices where hot combustion gases utilized to do mechanical work for disruption of suspected Improvised Explosive Devices(IEDs). It plays a vital role either in destroying the suspicious object or making them non-functional by generating the gas pressure on burning of propellant against the water column inside the barrel, Present work is focused on characterisation,numerical solution such as deformation; strain; stress using FEM(Finite Element Method), design qualification, performance and evaluation of power cartridge for disruptor application. Experimental trials for pressure-time(P-t) measurement in closed vessel(CV), various electrical parameters like all fire current(AFC), no fire current(NFC) and ignition delay have been measured. Further, mechanical properties for brass material have been determined. An attempt has been made to characterise the power cartridge by FEM and carrying out the experiments for water-jet application.
文摘The cytotoxicity of hydrophobic QDs CdS/CdSe was tested assigning MTT assay on Human Embryonic Kidney cells (HEK-293), breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and Enrichlish Ascitices Cells (EAC). Approximately 65% bio-toxicity was observed in MCF-7 for the core-shell QDs. These QDs may also find effective applications in other optoelectronic devices. CdS/CdSe core-shell hetrostructure quantum dots (QDs) were generated by chemical reaction between the respective chalcogens and cadmium metal salt. Sulphur powder was utilized for CdS core preparation while selenium was extracted from an organoselenium compound to impart CdSe shell layer at a temperature between 150℃ - 200℃. So-prepared core-shell QDs showed good optical properties. The particle size was found to be in the range of 3 - 4 nm with spherical morphology and cubic crystal structure.
文摘Polyomavirus hominis 1, better known as BK virus (BKV), infects up to 90%of the general population. Significant clinical manifestations can be seen in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of haemorragic cystitis likely due to BKV in a child after allotransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. A 10-year old boy with poor-prognosis acute T lymphoblastic leukaemia underwent cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation while in his first relapse. Macroscopic haematuria and low back pain occurred by day 95, in the context of acute graft versus host disease and pulmonary aspergillosis. Histopathologic examination showed a cytopathogenetic effect consistent with the diagnosis of BKV infection. Urinary PCR was positive for BKV. Treatment with cidofovir was followed by a marked improvement of urinary symptoms. The current understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of BKV-associated infection is discussed.
文摘We describe cholestasis as a result of bile duct abnormalities in 8 children with portal vein obstruction. In a clinical, biochemical and radiological invest igation of 121 children with cavernous transformation of the portal vein seen be tween 1986 and 2000, 8 presented with jaundice, pruritus, and/or raised serum am inotransferases and/or gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma GT) activities. Each displayed dilation and narrowing of intraand/ or extrahepatic bile ducts. Surgi cal decompression of the portal system (portal- systemic or Rex anastomosis) re sulted in the regression of the signs of cholestasis in all children. We conclud e that children with portal vein obstruction may exhibit clinically significant cholestasis as a result of external compression of the bile duct by the cavernom a.
文摘Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory manifestations of childhood -onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at presentation. Study design: This r etrospective French multicenter study involved 155 patients in whom SLE develope d before the age of 16 years. Mean patient age at onset was 11.5 ±2.5 years (ra nge, 1.5-16 years). The female to male ratio was 4.5. Results: The most common initial manifestations were hematologic (72%), cutaneous (70%), musculoskeleta l (64%), renal (50%), and fever (58%). Thirty-two percent of children had at ypical symptoms, mainly including abdominal involvement in 26 patients, which le ad to negative laparotomy results for presumed appendicitis. Severe renal, neuro logic, hematologic, abdominal, cardiac, pulmonary, thrombotic, and/or cutaneous manifestations occurred within the first month after the diagnosis in 40%of pat ients. The mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 72 ±29 mm/h, and the mean C -reactive protein value 22 ±21 mg/L. Antinuclear antibodies an, anti-double s tranded DNA antibodies, and low C3 or C4 level were retrieved in 97%, 93%, and 78 %of patients, respectively. Conclusion: Initial manifestations of childhood -onset SLE are diverse and often severe. The diagnosis of SLE should be promptl y considered in any febrile adolescent with unexplained organ involvement, espec ially when associated with an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
文摘Congenital hyperinsulinism of infancy is a severe disease that leads to important brain damage.Two different forms of the disease have been identified by pathologists: a diffuse and a focal form.A specific genetic anomaly identified in focal forms has never been described in diffuse ones.However, for most of authors, failure of medical treatment results in near-total pancreatectomy in all cases, which ends in diabetus.The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the results of elective partial pancreatectomy performed in 60 cases of focal form of hyperinsulinism over the last 18 years.Fifty-eight patients were cured with euglycemia at both fasting and hyperglycaemic tests without insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.One patient is still in hypoglycaemia from unrecognized lesion; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus occurred in one case nine years after surgery (a near-total pancreatectomy has been performed because of unknown focal form, in 1985).
文摘Background Human amniotic epithelial cells （HAECs）, which have several characteristics similar to stem cells, therefore could possibly be used in cell therapy without creating legal or ethical problems. In this study, we transplanted HEACs into the injured spinal cord of rats to investigate if the cells can improve the rats＇ hindlimb motor function. Methods HAECs were obtained from a piece of fresh amnion, labeled with Hoechst33342, and transplanted into the site of complete midthoracic spinal transections in adult rats. The rats （n=21） were randomly divided into three groups： Sham-operation group （n=7）, cells-graft group （n=7）, and PBS group （n=7）. One rat of each group was killed for histological analysis at the second week after the transplantation. The other six rats of each group were killed for histological analysis after an 8-week behavioral testing. Hindlimb motor function was assessed by using the open-field BBB scoring system. Survival rate of the graft cells was observed at second and eighth weeks after the transplantation. We also detected the myelin sheath fibers around the lesions and the size of the axotomized red nucleus. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare the means among the groups. The significance level was set at P〈0.05. Results The graft HAECs survived for a long time （8 weeks） and integrated into the host spinal cord without immune rejection. Compared with the control group, HAECs can promote the regeneration and sprouting of the axons, improve the hindlimb motor function of the rats （BBB score： cells-graft group 9.0 ± 0.89 vs PBS group 3.7± 1.03, P〈0.01）, and inhibit the atrophy of axotomized red nucleus [cells-graft group （526.47±148.42）μm^2 vs PBS group （473.69±164.73） μm^2, P〈0.01]. Conclusion Transplantation of HAECs can improve the hindlimb motor function of rats with spinal cord injury.
