Railway bridges are susceptible to over-height truck collisions and to address this issue,it is necessary to attenuate the effect of these impacts to ensure the safety of transportation operations.This study experimen...Railway bridges are susceptible to over-height truck collisions and to address this issue,it is necessary to attenuate the effect of these impacts to ensure the safety of transportation operations.This study experimentally investigates the effectiveness of crash beams as a cushioning mechanism for railway bridges against collisions.Over-height truck and railway bridge impact events were simulated in a 1:5 scale experiment.The design parameters such as the stiffness of the crash beam and the bridge supports were scaled to evaluate different levels of attenuation.Seventeen experiments were conducted with five configurations consisting of four different types of crash beams and one no-crash beam arrangement.The results show that crash beams attenuate bridge total peak dynamic displacement responses between 14.5%and 35.7%,depending on the intensity of the impact and crash beam type.In addition,the results show that the average effectiveness in attenuating residual deformation for all four crash beams ranges from 43.03%to 83.40%.Finally,various designs and their effectiveness against lateral impacts with different speeds are discussed.The overall scope of this research is to provide objective information about the design of crash beams for railway bridges based on their response to over-height truck collisions at various speeds.展开更多
Wearable devices have found numerous applications in healthcare ranging from physiological diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,hypertension and muscle disorders to neurocognitive disorders,such as Parkinson’s di...Wearable devices have found numerous applications in healthcare ranging from physiological diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,hypertension and muscle disorders to neurocognitive disorders,such as Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease and other psychological diseases.Different types of wearables are used for this purpose,for example,skin-based wearables including tattoobased wearables,textile-based wearables,and biofluidic-based wearables.Recently,wearables have also shown encouraging improvements as a drug delivery system;therefore,enhancing its utility towards personalized healthcare.These wearables contain inherent challenges,which need to be addressed before their commercialization as a fully personalized healthcare system.This paper reviews different types of wearable devices currently being used in the healthcare field.It also highlights their efficacy in monitoring different diseases and applications of healthcare wearable devices(HWDs)for diagnostic and treatment purposes.Additionally,current challenges and limitations of these wearables in the field of healthcare along with their future perspectives are also reviewed.展开更多
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant Nos.2016A06 and 2017A02the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.51678538 and 51878630+1 种基金the Transportation Consortium of South-Central States(TRANSET)US Department of Transportation(USDOT),Project No.17STUNM02。
文摘Railway bridges are susceptible to over-height truck collisions and to address this issue,it is necessary to attenuate the effect of these impacts to ensure the safety of transportation operations.This study experimentally investigates the effectiveness of crash beams as a cushioning mechanism for railway bridges against collisions.Over-height truck and railway bridge impact events were simulated in a 1:5 scale experiment.The design parameters such as the stiffness of the crash beam and the bridge supports were scaled to evaluate different levels of attenuation.Seventeen experiments were conducted with five configurations consisting of four different types of crash beams and one no-crash beam arrangement.The results show that crash beams attenuate bridge total peak dynamic displacement responses between 14.5%and 35.7%,depending on the intensity of the impact and crash beam type.In addition,the results show that the average effectiveness in attenuating residual deformation for all four crash beams ranges from 43.03%to 83.40%.Finally,various designs and their effectiveness against lateral impacts with different speeds are discussed.The overall scope of this research is to provide objective information about the design of crash beams for railway bridges based on their response to over-height truck collisions at various speeds.
基金support from NSF CAREER Award 1942487,NIH R15AI127214the seed award from I-SENSE Institute,and College of Engineering and Computer Science,Florida Atlantic University,Boca Raton,FL.
文摘Wearable devices have found numerous applications in healthcare ranging from physiological diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,hypertension and muscle disorders to neurocognitive disorders,such as Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease and other psychological diseases.Different types of wearables are used for this purpose,for example,skin-based wearables including tattoobased wearables,textile-based wearables,and biofluidic-based wearables.Recently,wearables have also shown encouraging improvements as a drug delivery system;therefore,enhancing its utility towards personalized healthcare.These wearables contain inherent challenges,which need to be addressed before their commercialization as a fully personalized healthcare system.This paper reviews different types of wearable devices currently being used in the healthcare field.It also highlights their efficacy in monitoring different diseases and applications of healthcare wearable devices(HWDs)for diagnostic and treatment purposes.Additionally,current challenges and limitations of these wearables in the field of healthcare along with their future perspectives are also reviewed.
