Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional proce...Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional processing and healing of lab animal researchers and animal facility staff.Even though remembrance activities are practiced in many parts of the world,we did not come across any reported cases in Sri Lanka before 2022.Therefore,here,we report on the various remembrance activities and practices observed within our local scientific community.展开更多
Background Lychee seeds were fermented by three kinds of bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Saccharomyces cer-evillus and ganoderma lucidum mycelium),and two effective strains were selected by two indexes of activity co...Background Lychee seeds were fermented by three kinds of bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Saccharomyces cer-evillus and ganoderma lucidum mycelium),and two effective strains were selected by two indexes of activity content and antioxidant,so as to further verify whether lychee seeds have waste multiplication effect and can protect cells damaged by oxidation from anti-inflammatory,anti-aging and safety.Results The contents of polyphenols,flavonoids and proteins in the solution fermented by Ganoderma lucidum mycelium did not increase,thus affecting the antioxidant capacity of the solution was far less than that of the water extract.The active content of the other two fermentation solutions was higher than that of the water extract,and the ability of scavenging free radicals of the two solutions increased with the increase of the volume fraction.At the cellular level,the two fermentation solutions showed repair effects on UVA-induced damaged cells.The contents of type I collagen(COL-1),total antioxidant capacity and ELN were increased,the contents of reactive oxygen species and MDA were decreased,and the expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-a,iNOS and COX-2 were decreased in HaCaT cells.From the gene level,the mRNA contents of IL-6,TNF-a,Caspase-3,Caspase-9,Bax and Bcl were significantly decreased.The test of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane(HTET CAM)showed that there was no bleeding and litchi seed fermentation liquid was not irritating.Conclusions Therefore,two kinds of litchi seed fermentation can be used as natural plant raw materials for cosmetics,and have strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-aging functions on skin,and also have good human safety.展开更多
Background:Use of preservatives in cosmetic formulations is an integral part of the manufacturing process,with the primary objective of eliminating or limiting the growth of microorganisms.Essential oils have emerged ...Background:Use of preservatives in cosmetic formulations is an integral part of the manufacturing process,with the primary objective of eliminating or limiting the growth of microorganisms.Essential oils have emerged as a promising option due to their antimicrobial properties and ability to contribute to the microbiological stability of cosmetic formulations.Objective:To investigate and compare of the ability of lavender hydrosol and lavender essential oil to inhibit microbial growth and preserve the integrity of model cosmetic formulations over their expected shelf life.Materials and methods:Lavender essential oil and hydrosol of the species Lavandula angustifolia,Mill were microbiologically evaluated.Results:The sample containing both L.angustifolia hydrosol and essential oil demonstrated the best overall performance.Addition of the essential oil seems to significantly enhance antimicrobial activity,compared to the hydrosol alone,decreasing the population of E.coli(Escherichia coli)from an initial concentration of 9.8×10⁶CFU(Colony Forming Units)/mL to 10 CFU/mL,whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased from 3.4×10^(5)CFU/mL to fewer than 10 CFU/mL.Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 6.9×10^(6)CFU/mL,to fewer than 10 CFU/mL,while the Candida albicans population exhibited a remarkable reduction from 2.0×10^(6)CFU/mL to 10 CFU/mL.Conclusion:The combination of hydrosol and essential oil resulted in significantly superior antimicrobial efficacy,suggesting a rather possible additional synergistic effect compared to the hydrosol alone,surpassing the criteria B set by the European Pharmacopoeia.展开更多
Cerium oxide(CeO_(2)) has attracted much attention in recent years owing to its reversible switch ability in Ce^(3+)/Ce^(4+)redox to produce improved antioxidation properties for biomedical applications.Here,we report...Cerium oxide(CeO_(2)) has attracted much attention in recent years owing to its reversible switch ability in Ce^(3+)/Ce^(4+)redox to produce improved antioxidation properties for biomedical applications.Here,we report to embed the CeO_(2)nanospheres into the organic polymer network using electrostatic spinning technology to prepare polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-encapsulated CeO_(2)nanospheres composite nanofibrous membranes(PVA-CeO_(2)) for the first time,which is beneficial to improving the dispersion and biocompatibility of CeO_(2)nanosphere without altering the original antioxidant properties of CeO_(2).Detailed characterization of the as-prepared composite nanofibrous membranes reveals that CeO_(2)was successfully introduced into the PVA fibers with strong interactions,thus enhancing the thermal stability and fracture toughness of the nanoifbers.As a result,PVA-CeO_(2)exhibits superior UV shielding performance,antioxidant performance and bacteriostatic performance.Meaningfully,PVA-CeO_(2)has strong absorbance in both UVA and UVB bands when the CeO_(2)concentration in the nanoifber membrane reaches 1.5 wt%,and shows an excellent scavenging effect on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radicals with a scavenging rate of 86.52%.Moreover,the Kirby-Bauer(K-B) method of agar diffusion test further confirms that PVA-CeO_(2)has antimicrobial ability against three types of representative strains,including Gram-positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus),Gram-negative bacteria(Escherichia coli) and fungi(Candida albicans).Importantly,no obvious cytotoxicity is observed for PVA-CeO_(2)even though the amount of embedded CeO_(2)nanosphere reaches as high as 1.5 wt%.This study reveals new avenues for improving the future smart design of CeO_(2)-based nanoifber membrane composite materials for biological antioxidants.展开更多
Objectives:Mitochondrial Ca^(2+)uniporter(MCU)provides a Ca^(2+)influx pathway from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix and a moderate mitochondrial Ca^(2+)rise stimulates ATP production and cell growth.MCU is h...Objectives:Mitochondrial Ca^(2+)uniporter(MCU)provides a Ca^(2+)influx pathway from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix and a moderate mitochondrial Ca^(2+)rise stimulates ATP production and cell growth.MCU is highly expressed in various cancer cells including breast cancer cells,thereby increasing the capacity of mitochondrial Ca^(2+)uptake,ATP production,and cancer cell proliferation.The objective of this study was to examine MCU inhibition as an anti-cancer mechanism.Methods:The effects of MCU-i4,a newly developed MCU inhibitor,on cell viability,apoptosis,cytosolic Ca^(2+),mitochondrial Ca^(2+)and potential,glycolytic rate,generation of ATP,and reactive oxygen species,were examined in breast cancer BT474 cells.Results:MCU-i4 caused apoptotic cell death,and it decreased and increased,respectively,mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca^(2+)concentration.Inhibition of MCU by MCU-i4 revealed that cytosolic Ca^(2+)elevation resulted from endoplasmic reticulum(ER)Ca^(2+)release via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP3R)and ryanodine receptors(RYR).Unexpectedly,MCU-i4 enhanced glycolysis and ATP production;it also triggered a large production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse.Conclusion:Cytotoxic mechanisms of MCU-i4 in cancer cells involved enhanced glycolysis and heightened formation of ATP and ROS.It is conventionally believed that cancer cell death could be caused by inhibition of glycolysis.Our observations suggest cancer cell death could also be induced by increased glycolytic metabolism.展开更多
Hyaluronic acid(HA, 20–50 kDa) is a hydrophilic macromolecule with anti-wrinkle effects and moisturizing properties. However, its high molecular weight prevents it from penetrating into the deeper layers of the skin ...Hyaluronic acid(HA, 20–50 kDa) is a hydrophilic macromolecule with anti-wrinkle effects and moisturizing properties. However, its high molecular weight prevents it from penetrating into the deeper layers of the skin and, thus, limits its benefits to topical effects. Thus, the objective of this study is to prepare nanoparticles of quaternized cyclodextrin-grafted chitosan(QCD-g-CS) associated with HA in different molar ratios of QCD-g-CS and HA. The conjugation of the carboxylic moieties of HA and the amides of QCD-g-CS was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Thus, the system was optimized to create nanoparticles with a small size(235.63 ± 21.89 nm), narrow polydispersity index(0.13 ± 0.02), and zeta potential of 16.07 ± 0.65 m V. The association efficiency and loading efficiency were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography as 86.77 ± 0.69% and 10.85 ± 0.09%, respectively. The spherical morphology of the obtained nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the in-vitro hydrating ability was significantly higher( P < 0.001) than that of bulk HA(3.29 ± 0.41 and 1.71 ± 0.05 g water/g sample, respectively). The safety of these nanoparticles at concentrations in the range of 0.01–0.10 mg/ml was confirmed via tests on human skin fibroblasts. Together, these results demonstrate that the developed nanoparticles are promising for future applications in cosmetics.展开更多
Background: Primary focal hyperhidrosis can significantly reduce quality of life. Therefore a lot of treatment options in a range of conservative, physical and surgical techniques are available. Objective: To assess t...Background: Primary focal hyperhidrosis can significantly reduce quality of life. Therefore a lot of treatment options in a range of conservative, physical and surgical techniques are available. Objective: To assess the efficacy of an antiperspirant containing aluminum chloride compared to a Botulinumtoxin A treatment for patients with primary focal hyperhidrosis. Methods and material: In this randomized, single-center, half-side trail, a clinical score was done by patients and physician to evaluate the severity of hyperhidrosis. Gravimetric tests were performed to gather the amount of sweat per unit of time. Furthermore the efficacy was determined using a four point questionnaire. Skin irritation was assessed by measuring pH value and transepidermal water loss. Results: A total of 22 patients were enrolled. Two weeks after baseline the hyperhidrosis level was significantly reduced (BTX-A: ﹣92.9%, AL: 66.7%). In addition both treatment options induced a significant reduction of sweat production (BTX-A: ﹣80.8%, AL: 68.8%). Please change in: Patients evaluated good resp, very good efficacy for both treatment options at day 28. pH value and TEWL never left physiological range. Conclusion: Both botulinum toxin A treatment and an antiperspirant containing aluminum chloride in the evaluated galenic formulation are an effective and safe treatment option for axillary focal hyperhidrosis.展开更多
Our continued interest in the research and development of cosmetic active ingredients deriving from natural sources led us to investigate the potential of a purified extract of Ajuga reptans, a plant belonging to the ...Our continued interest in the research and development of cosmetic active ingredients deriving from natural sources led us to investigate the potential of a purified extract of Ajuga reptans, a plant belonging to the family Labiatae and known for its traditional use in skin healing. The extracts deriving from a biotechnology platform are composed by meristematic cell culture, developed in the frame of a NTFP (non-timber forest product) project, and characterized by high content in phenylpropanoid, of which teupolioside represents the majority component. The latter is a phenylpropanoid glucoside, structurally correlated echinacoside and known in the literature for the antioxidant properties. This study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the applicability of the Ajuga reptans extract within different cosmetic formulations. In particular, Photochemiluminescence (PCL) was used to proof the antioxidant capacity of cosmetic formulations containing the product, in relation to the change of the title of teupolioside. Furthermore, UVA and UVB filtering properties were also investigated. The results of the study showed relevantly antioxidant capacity of the finished formulation against superoxide anion, which is the main reactive oxygen species responsible for skin aging and significant synergic capacities to filter UV radiation.展开更多
In vitro skin sensitization testing methods based on the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)were used to evaluate the skin sensitization potencies of 5 commonly used preservatives.According to the“2 out of 3”principle of t...In vitro skin sensitization testing methods based on the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)were used to evaluate the skin sensitization potencies of 5 commonly used preservatives.According to the“2 out of 3”principle of the integrated approaches to testing and assessment(IATA)the direct peptide reactivity assay(DPRA)and the human cell line activation test(h-CLAT)were used to detect the preservatives commonly used in cosmetics,including phenoxyethanol.methyl paraben,propyl paraben,imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin.The DPRA and the h-CLA were carried out according to the OEC442C and 442E guidelines,respectively.The results show that.phenoxyethanol and methyl paraben are both negative in DPRA and h-CLAT while imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin are both positive in these two tests.Propyl paraben has negative result in DPRA but positive result in h-CLAT.Therefore,imidazolidiny urea and DMDM hydantoin are sensitizers,while phenoxyethanol and methylparaben are non-sensitizers.Taken animal and human data into consideration,it is predicted that propyl paraben should be a non-sensitizer.The combination of DPRA and h-CLAT can make up for the limitations of using a single method,and it is suitable for the preliminary screening of cosmetic raw materials according to skin sensitization.展开更多
Caesalpinia sappan L., belonging to the family Leguminosae, is a medicinal plant that is distributed in Southeast Asia. The dried heartwood of this plant is used as a traditional ingredient of food, red dyes, and folk...Caesalpinia sappan L., belonging to the family Leguminosae, is a medicinal plant that is distributed in Southeast Asia. The dried heartwood of this plant is used as a traditional ingredient of food, red dyes, and folk medicines in the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, tuberculosis, skin infections, and inflammation. Brazilin is the major active compound, which has exhibited various phar- macological effects, including anti-platelet activity, anti-hepatotoxicity, induction of immunological tolerance, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes of C. sappan L. extract and its major compound, brazilin, in human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to UVA irradiation. Our results indi- cated that C. sappan L. extract reduced UVA-induced H202 production via GPX7 activation. Moreover, brazilin exhibited anfioxidant effects that were similar to those of C. sappan L. via glutathione peroxidase 7 （GPX7）, suggesting that C. sappan L. extract and its natural compound represent potential treatments for oxidative stress-induced photoaging of skin.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the suitability of citrus-press cakes,by-products of the juice industry as a source for the whitening agents for cosmetic industry.Methods:Ethylacetate extracts of citrus-press cakes(CCE)were ...Objective:To investigate the suitability of citrus-press cakes,by-products of the juice industry as a source for the whitening agents for cosmetic industry.Methods:Ethylacetate extracts of citrus-press cakes(CCE)were examined for their anti-melanogenic potentials in terms of the inhibition of melanin production and mechanisim of melanogenesis by using Western Blot analysis with tyrosinese,tyrosinase-related protein-1(TRP-1),TRP2,and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor(MITF)proteins.To apply the topical agents,citrus-press cakes was investigated the safety in human skin cell line.Finally flavonoid analysis of CCE was also determined by HPLC analysis.Results:Results indicated that CCE were shown to down-regulate melanin content in a dose-dependent pattern.The CCE inhibited tyrosinase,TRP-2,and MITF expressions in a dose-dependent manner.To test the applicability of CCE to human skin,we used MTT assay to assess the cytotoxic effects of CCE on human keratinocyte HaCaT cells.The CCE exhibited low cytotoxicity at 50μg/mL.Characterization of the citrus-press cakes for flavonoid contents using HPLC showed varied quantity of rutin,narirutin,and hesperidin.Conclusions:Considering the anti-melanogenic activity and human safety,CCE is considered as a potential anti-melanogenic agent and may be effective for topical application for treating hyperpigmentation disorders.展开更多
Objective: To determine hydrophilic–lipophilic balance(HLB) value, stability of formulate emulsion and properties of sacha inchi oil.Methods: The physiochemical characteristics of sacha inchi oil were first investiga...Objective: To determine hydrophilic–lipophilic balance(HLB) value, stability of formulate emulsion and properties of sacha inchi oil.Methods: The physiochemical characteristics of sacha inchi oil were first investigated.Free radical scavenging property was studied by DPPH assay. HLB value of sacha inchi oil was experimentally determined by preparing the emulsion using emulsifiers at different HLB value. Sacha inchi oil emulsion was prepared using the obtained HLB and its stability was conducted by centrifugation, temperature cycling, and accelerated stability test. The efficiency of the prepared emulsion was clinically investigated by 15 volunteers. The primary skin irritation was performed using closed patch test. Subjective sensory assessment was evaluated by using 5-point hedonic scale method.Results: Peroxide value of sacha inchi oil was 18.40 meq O2/kg oil and acid value was1.86 KOH/g oil. The major fatty acids are omega-3(44%), omega-6(35%) and omega-9(9%). The vitamin E content was 226 mg/100 g oil. Moreover, sacha inchi oil(167 ppm)and its emulsion showed 85% and 89% DPPH inhibition, respectively. The experimental HLB value of sacha inchi oil was 8.5. The sacha inchi oil emulsion exhibited good stability after stability test. The emulsion was classified as non-irritant after tested by primary skin irritation method. The skin hydration value significantly increased from38.59 to 45.21(P < 0.05) after applying sacha inchi oil emulsion for 1 month and the overall product satisfaction of volunteers after use was with score of 4.2.Conclusions: This work provides information on HLB value and emulsion properties of sacha inchi oil which is useful for cosmetic and pharmaceutical application.展开更多
This paper introduces a novel transform method to produce the newly generated programs through code transform model called the second generation of Generative Pre-trained Transformer(GPT-2)reasonably,improving the pro...This paper introduces a novel transform method to produce the newly generated programs through code transform model called the second generation of Generative Pre-trained Transformer(GPT-2)reasonably,improving the program execution performance significantly.Besides,a theoretical estimation in statistics has given the minimum number of generated programs as required,which guarantees to find the best one within them.The proposed approach can help the voice assistant machine resolve the problem of inefficient execution of application code.In addition to GPT-2,this study develops the variational Simhash algorithm to check the code similarity between sample program and newly generated program,and conceives the piecewise longest common subsequence algorithm to examine the execution’s conformity from the two programs mentioned above.The code similarity check deducts the redundant generated programs,and the output conformity check finds the best-performing generative program.In addition to texts,the proposed approach can also prove the other media,including images,sounds,and movies.As a result,the newly generated program outperforms the sample program significantly because the number of code lines reduces 27.21%,and the program execution time shortens 24.62%.展开更多
Banana flowers contain various bioactive components, including several antioxidants with anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unclear whether they can reduce and prevent hair loss. This study examines the effect ...Banana flowers contain various bioactive components, including several antioxidants with anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unclear whether they can reduce and prevent hair loss. This study examines the effect of banana flower extracts on preventing hair loss and strengthening hair roots. The banana flower extract(HappyAngel^(■))was used to treat human hair follicle dermal papilla cells(HFDPCs)and the expression of reactive oxygen species(ROS), dihydrotestosterone(DHT), and hair-related genes(SRD5A1, SRD5A2, AR, and KROX20)were monitored. Fifty subjects were divided into a placebo group and a banana flower group. The experimental group consumed banana flower extract daily for twelve weeks and then underwent hair testing, hair-related genes analysis, collection of hair loss, and questionnaires. The results showed that the banana flower extract significantly increased hair cell growth and decreased the expression of ROS, DHT, and hair follicle growth inhibition-related SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and AR genes, and significantly increased the expression of hair growth-related KROX20 gene in HFDPCs. Consuming banana flower extract for twelve weeks increased the hair root diameter and reduced hair loss and scalp redness compared to the placebo group. Thus, banana flower extract(HappyAngel^(■))can stimulate hair growth and inhibit the activation of hair loss genes.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Jeju seaweeds on macrophage RAW264.7 cells under lipopolysaccharide(LPS)stimulation.Methods:Ethyl acetate fractions were prepared from five different types of ...Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Jeju seaweeds on macrophage RAW264.7 cells under lipopolysaccharide(LPS)stimulation.Methods:Ethyl acetate fractions were prepared from five different types of Jeju seaweeds,Dictyopteris divaricata(D.divaricata),Dictyopteris prolifera(D.prolifefa),Prioutis cornea(P.comea,Grateloupia laceolata(G,lanceolate,and Cralcloupia filicina(G.filicina)They were screened for inhibitory effects on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines such as nitric oxide(NO),prostaglandin E,,tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-6(11.-6).Results:Our results revealed that D.divaricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,G.lanceolata,and G.filicina potently inhibited I.PS-stimulaled NO production(IC_(50),values were 18.0,38.36,38.43,32.81 and 37.14μg/mL,respectively).Consistent with these findings,D.divtricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,and G.fdicina also reduced the IPS-induced and prostaglandin E,production in a concentration-dependent manner.Expectedly,they suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 at the protein level in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW264.7 cells,as detennined by western blotting.In addition,the levels of TNF-a and IL-6,released into the medium,were also reduced by D.divaricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,G,lanceolata,and G.fdicina in a dose-dependent manner(IC_(50)values for TNF-a were 16.11,28.21,84.27,45.52 and74.75μg/mL,respectively;IC_(50),values for IL-6 were 37.35,80.08,103.28,62.53 and 84.28μg/mL,respectively).The total phlorotannin content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as phloroglucinol equivalents.The content was 92.0μg/mg for D.divaricata,151.8μg/mg for D.prolifera,57.2μg/mg for P.cornea,53.0 pg/mg for G.lanceolata,and 40.2μg/mg for G.fdicina.Conclusions:Thus,these findings suggest that Jeju seaweed extracts have potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory responses.展开更多
Natural moisturizing factor(NMF)in the stratum corneum contributes to the retention of moisture there.The purpose of this study was to determine the penetration of ions in Shotokuseki extract(SE)into the three-dimensi...Natural moisturizing factor(NMF)in the stratum corneum contributes to the retention of moisture there.The purpose of this study was to determine the penetration of ions in Shotokuseki extract(SE)into the three-dimensional cultured epidermis and the effect of NMF on the biosynthesis of amino acids and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid formation.Vari-ous ions,amino acids and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrom-etry,fully automatic amino acid analyzer or high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)in three-dimensional cultured epidermis after application of SE.Gene expression levels of profilaggrin,calpain1,caspase14,and bleomycin hydrolase,which are involved in NMF production,were determined by reverse-transcription qPCR and bleomycin hydrolase activity was determined by aminopeptidase assay.The application of SE increased Na,K,Mg,Ca,Al,and Fe levels in three-dimensional cultured epidermis.The mRNA levels of the starting material of amino acid synthesis profilaggrin,and calpain1 and bleomycin hydrolase,which are involved in its fragmentation,increased.The activity of bleomycin hydrolase also increased.Furthermore,the levels of amino acids and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid increased in the three-dimensional cultured epidermis.This suggests that the ionic composition of SE may be involved in its moisturizing effect on the stratum corneum.展开更多
Big data analytics in business intelligence do not provide effective data retrieval methods and job scheduling that will cause execution inefficiency and low system throughput.This paper aims to enhance the capability...Big data analytics in business intelligence do not provide effective data retrieval methods and job scheduling that will cause execution inefficiency and low system throughput.This paper aims to enhance the capability of data retrieval and job scheduling to speed up the operation of big data analytics to overcome inefficiency and low throughput problems.First,integrating stacked sparse autoencoder and Elasticsearch indexing explored fast data searching and distributed indexing,which reduces the search scope of the database and dramatically speeds up data searching.Next,exploiting a deep neural network to predict the approximate execution time of a job gives prioritized job scheduling based on the shortest job first,which reduces the average waiting time of job execution.As a result,the proposed data retrieval approach outperforms the previous method using a deep autoencoder and Solr indexing,significantly improving the speed of data retrieval up to 53%and increasing system throughput by 53%.On the other hand,the proposed job scheduling algorithmdefeats both first-in-first-out andmemory-sensitive heterogeneous early finish time scheduling algorithms,effectively shortening the average waiting time up to 5%and average weighted turnaround time by 19%,respectively.展开更多
The gold （Au） nanorods with various aspect ratios are obtained by a seed-media method in low pH growth solution. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and UV-visible spectrophotometry are utilized to characterize...The gold （Au） nanorods with various aspect ratios are obtained by a seed-media method in low pH growth solution. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and UV-visible spectrophotometry are utilized to characterize the Au nanorods, and the longitudinal absorption peak positions of Au nanorods show different shifting trends of the growth evolutions in various low pH （1~3） solutions. Other influential factors on the shape of Au nanorod are also systematically studied under low pH reaction condition. The positions of longitudinal peak shift between 600 nm and 900 nm, with the aspect ratios of Au nanorods varying from 2 to 5 both in the simulation and experimental results. The simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones.展开更多
Our previous work has introduced the newly generated program using the code transformation model GPT-2,verifying the generated programming codes through simhash(SH)and longest common subsequence(LCS)algo-rithms.Howeve...Our previous work has introduced the newly generated program using the code transformation model GPT-2,verifying the generated programming codes through simhash(SH)and longest common subsequence(LCS)algo-rithms.However,the entire code transformation process has encountered a time-consuming problem.Therefore,the objective of this study is to speed up the code transformation process signicantly.This paper has proposed deep learning approaches for modifying SH using a variational simhash(VSH)algorithm and replacing LCS with a piecewise longest common subsequence(PLCS)algorithm to faster the verication process in the test phase.Besides the code transformation model GPT-2,this study has also introduced MicrosoMASS and Facebook BART for a comparative analysis of their performance.Meanwhile,the explainable AI technique using local interpretable model-agnostic explanations(LIME)can also interpret the decision-making ofAImodels.The experimental results show that VSH can reduce the number of qualied programs by 22.11%,and PLCS can reduce the execution time of selected pocket programs by 32.39%.As a result,the proposed approaches can signicantly speed up the entire code transformation process by 1.38 times on average compared with our previous work.展开更多
文摘Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional processing and healing of lab animal researchers and animal facility staff.Even though remembrance activities are practiced in many parts of the world,we did not come across any reported cases in Sri Lanka before 2022.Therefore,here,we report on the various remembrance activities and practices observed within our local scientific community.
文摘Background Lychee seeds were fermented by three kinds of bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Saccharomyces cer-evillus and ganoderma lucidum mycelium),and two effective strains were selected by two indexes of activity content and antioxidant,so as to further verify whether lychee seeds have waste multiplication effect and can protect cells damaged by oxidation from anti-inflammatory,anti-aging and safety.Results The contents of polyphenols,flavonoids and proteins in the solution fermented by Ganoderma lucidum mycelium did not increase,thus affecting the antioxidant capacity of the solution was far less than that of the water extract.The active content of the other two fermentation solutions was higher than that of the water extract,and the ability of scavenging free radicals of the two solutions increased with the increase of the volume fraction.At the cellular level,the two fermentation solutions showed repair effects on UVA-induced damaged cells.The contents of type I collagen(COL-1),total antioxidant capacity and ELN were increased,the contents of reactive oxygen species and MDA were decreased,and the expressions of inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-a,iNOS and COX-2 were decreased in HaCaT cells.From the gene level,the mRNA contents of IL-6,TNF-a,Caspase-3,Caspase-9,Bax and Bcl were significantly decreased.The test of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane(HTET CAM)showed that there was no bleeding and litchi seed fermentation liquid was not irritating.Conclusions Therefore,two kinds of litchi seed fermentation can be used as natural plant raw materials for cosmetics,and have strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and anti-aging functions on skin,and also have good human safety.
基金financially supported by ELKE Uniwa(Special Account for Research Funds of University of West Attica.
文摘Background:Use of preservatives in cosmetic formulations is an integral part of the manufacturing process,with the primary objective of eliminating or limiting the growth of microorganisms.Essential oils have emerged as a promising option due to their antimicrobial properties and ability to contribute to the microbiological stability of cosmetic formulations.Objective:To investigate and compare of the ability of lavender hydrosol and lavender essential oil to inhibit microbial growth and preserve the integrity of model cosmetic formulations over their expected shelf life.Materials and methods:Lavender essential oil and hydrosol of the species Lavandula angustifolia,Mill were microbiologically evaluated.Results:The sample containing both L.angustifolia hydrosol and essential oil demonstrated the best overall performance.Addition of the essential oil seems to significantly enhance antimicrobial activity,compared to the hydrosol alone,decreasing the population of E.coli(Escherichia coli)from an initial concentration of 9.8×10⁶CFU(Colony Forming Units)/mL to 10 CFU/mL,whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased from 3.4×10^(5)CFU/mL to fewer than 10 CFU/mL.Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 6.9×10^(6)CFU/mL,to fewer than 10 CFU/mL,while the Candida albicans population exhibited a remarkable reduction from 2.0×10^(6)CFU/mL to 10 CFU/mL.Conclusion:The combination of hydrosol and essential oil resulted in significantly superior antimicrobial efficacy,suggesting a rather possible additional synergistic effect compared to the hydrosol alone,surpassing the criteria B set by the European Pharmacopoeia.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22301012)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (KM202310011005)。
文摘Cerium oxide(CeO_(2)) has attracted much attention in recent years owing to its reversible switch ability in Ce^(3+)/Ce^(4+)redox to produce improved antioxidation properties for biomedical applications.Here,we report to embed the CeO_(2)nanospheres into the organic polymer network using electrostatic spinning technology to prepare polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-encapsulated CeO_(2)nanospheres composite nanofibrous membranes(PVA-CeO_(2)) for the first time,which is beneficial to improving the dispersion and biocompatibility of CeO_(2)nanosphere without altering the original antioxidant properties of CeO_(2).Detailed characterization of the as-prepared composite nanofibrous membranes reveals that CeO_(2)was successfully introduced into the PVA fibers with strong interactions,thus enhancing the thermal stability and fracture toughness of the nanoifbers.As a result,PVA-CeO_(2)exhibits superior UV shielding performance,antioxidant performance and bacteriostatic performance.Meaningfully,PVA-CeO_(2)has strong absorbance in both UVA and UVB bands when the CeO_(2)concentration in the nanoifber membrane reaches 1.5 wt%,and shows an excellent scavenging effect on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radicals with a scavenging rate of 86.52%.Moreover,the Kirby-Bauer(K-B) method of agar diffusion test further confirms that PVA-CeO_(2)has antimicrobial ability against three types of representative strains,including Gram-positive bacteria(Staphylococcus aureus),Gram-negative bacteria(Escherichia coli) and fungi(Candida albicans).Importantly,no obvious cytotoxicity is observed for PVA-CeO_(2)even though the amount of embedded CeO_(2)nanosphere reaches as high as 1.5 wt%.This study reveals new avenues for improving the future smart design of CeO_(2)-based nanoifber membrane composite materials for biological antioxidants.
基金China Medical University and China Medical University Hospital,Taiwan for providing fundings(CMU111-S-20,CMU112-S-59,DMR-112-067)ECS thanks An Nan Hospital for support(ANHRF112-04).
文摘Objectives:Mitochondrial Ca^(2+)uniporter(MCU)provides a Ca^(2+)influx pathway from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix and a moderate mitochondrial Ca^(2+)rise stimulates ATP production and cell growth.MCU is highly expressed in various cancer cells including breast cancer cells,thereby increasing the capacity of mitochondrial Ca^(2+)uptake,ATP production,and cancer cell proliferation.The objective of this study was to examine MCU inhibition as an anti-cancer mechanism.Methods:The effects of MCU-i4,a newly developed MCU inhibitor,on cell viability,apoptosis,cytosolic Ca^(2+),mitochondrial Ca^(2+)and potential,glycolytic rate,generation of ATP,and reactive oxygen species,were examined in breast cancer BT474 cells.Results:MCU-i4 caused apoptotic cell death,and it decreased and increased,respectively,mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca^(2+)concentration.Inhibition of MCU by MCU-i4 revealed that cytosolic Ca^(2+)elevation resulted from endoplasmic reticulum(ER)Ca^(2+)release via inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors(IP3R)and ryanodine receptors(RYR).Unexpectedly,MCU-i4 enhanced glycolysis and ATP production;it also triggered a large production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse.Conclusion:Cytotoxic mechanisms of MCU-i4 in cancer cells involved enhanced glycolysis and heightened formation of ATP and ROS.It is conventionally believed that cancer cell death could be caused by inhibition of glycolysis.Our observations suggest cancer cell death could also be induced by increased glycolytic metabolism.
基金Mae Fah Luang University is acknowledged for facilities and financially supported in partfunded by Thailand Graduate Institute of Science and Technology(TGIST),National Science and Technology De-velopment Agency(NSTDA),Thailand(Project No.SCA-CO-2558-1026-TH)
文摘Hyaluronic acid(HA, 20–50 kDa) is a hydrophilic macromolecule with anti-wrinkle effects and moisturizing properties. However, its high molecular weight prevents it from penetrating into the deeper layers of the skin and, thus, limits its benefits to topical effects. Thus, the objective of this study is to prepare nanoparticles of quaternized cyclodextrin-grafted chitosan(QCD-g-CS) associated with HA in different molar ratios of QCD-g-CS and HA. The conjugation of the carboxylic moieties of HA and the amides of QCD-g-CS was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Thus, the system was optimized to create nanoparticles with a small size(235.63 ± 21.89 nm), narrow polydispersity index(0.13 ± 0.02), and zeta potential of 16.07 ± 0.65 m V. The association efficiency and loading efficiency were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography as 86.77 ± 0.69% and 10.85 ± 0.09%, respectively. The spherical morphology of the obtained nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the in-vitro hydrating ability was significantly higher( P < 0.001) than that of bulk HA(3.29 ± 0.41 and 1.71 ± 0.05 g water/g sample, respectively). The safety of these nanoparticles at concentrations in the range of 0.01–0.10 mg/ml was confirmed via tests on human skin fibroblasts. Together, these results demonstrate that the developed nanoparticles are promising for future applications in cosmetics.
文摘Background: Primary focal hyperhidrosis can significantly reduce quality of life. Therefore a lot of treatment options in a range of conservative, physical and surgical techniques are available. Objective: To assess the efficacy of an antiperspirant containing aluminum chloride compared to a Botulinumtoxin A treatment for patients with primary focal hyperhidrosis. Methods and material: In this randomized, single-center, half-side trail, a clinical score was done by patients and physician to evaluate the severity of hyperhidrosis. Gravimetric tests were performed to gather the amount of sweat per unit of time. Furthermore the efficacy was determined using a four point questionnaire. Skin irritation was assessed by measuring pH value and transepidermal water loss. Results: A total of 22 patients were enrolled. Two weeks after baseline the hyperhidrosis level was significantly reduced (BTX-A: ﹣92.9%, AL: 66.7%). In addition both treatment options induced a significant reduction of sweat production (BTX-A: ﹣80.8%, AL: 68.8%). Please change in: Patients evaluated good resp, very good efficacy for both treatment options at day 28. pH value and TEWL never left physiological range. Conclusion: Both botulinum toxin A treatment and an antiperspirant containing aluminum chloride in the evaluated galenic formulation are an effective and safe treatment option for axillary focal hyperhidrosis.
文摘Our continued interest in the research and development of cosmetic active ingredients deriving from natural sources led us to investigate the potential of a purified extract of Ajuga reptans, a plant belonging to the family Labiatae and known for its traditional use in skin healing. The extracts deriving from a biotechnology platform are composed by meristematic cell culture, developed in the frame of a NTFP (non-timber forest product) project, and characterized by high content in phenylpropanoid, of which teupolioside represents the majority component. The latter is a phenylpropanoid glucoside, structurally correlated echinacoside and known in the literature for the antioxidant properties. This study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the applicability of the Ajuga reptans extract within different cosmetic formulations. In particular, Photochemiluminescence (PCL) was used to proof the antioxidant capacity of cosmetic formulations containing the product, in relation to the change of the title of teupolioside. Furthermore, UVA and UVB filtering properties were also investigated. The results of the study showed relevantly antioxidant capacity of the finished formulation against superoxide anion, which is the main reactive oxygen species responsible for skin aging and significant synergic capacities to filter UV radiation.
文摘In vitro skin sensitization testing methods based on the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)were used to evaluate the skin sensitization potencies of 5 commonly used preservatives.According to the“2 out of 3”principle of the integrated approaches to testing and assessment(IATA)the direct peptide reactivity assay(DPRA)and the human cell line activation test(h-CLAT)were used to detect the preservatives commonly used in cosmetics,including phenoxyethanol.methyl paraben,propyl paraben,imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin.The DPRA and the h-CLA were carried out according to the OEC442C and 442E guidelines,respectively.The results show that.phenoxyethanol and methyl paraben are both negative in DPRA and h-CLAT while imidazolidinyl urea and DMDM hydantoin are both positive in these two tests.Propyl paraben has negative result in DPRA but positive result in h-CLAT.Therefore,imidazolidiny urea and DMDM hydantoin are sensitizers,while phenoxyethanol and methylparaben are non-sensitizers.Taken animal and human data into consideration,it is predicted that propyl paraben should be a non-sensitizer.The combination of DPRA and h-CLAT can make up for the limitations of using a single method,and it is suitable for the preliminary screening of cosmetic raw materials according to skin sensitization.
基金supported by the Technological Innovation R&D Program(No.S2443581)funded by the Small and Medium Business Administration(SMBA,Korea)
文摘Caesalpinia sappan L., belonging to the family Leguminosae, is a medicinal plant that is distributed in Southeast Asia. The dried heartwood of this plant is used as a traditional ingredient of food, red dyes, and folk medicines in the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, tuberculosis, skin infections, and inflammation. Brazilin is the major active compound, which has exhibited various phar- macological effects, including anti-platelet activity, anti-hepatotoxicity, induction of immunological tolerance, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes of C. sappan L. extract and its major compound, brazilin, in human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to UVA irradiation. Our results indi- cated that C. sappan L. extract reduced UVA-induced H202 production via GPX7 activation. Moreover, brazilin exhibited anfioxidant effects that were similar to those of C. sappan L. via glutathione peroxidase 7 （GPX7）, suggesting that C. sappan L. extract and its natural compound represent potential treatments for oxidative stress-induced photoaging of skin.
基金Supported by the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program,Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea,Grant No.PJ009583002013
文摘Objective:To investigate the suitability of citrus-press cakes,by-products of the juice industry as a source for the whitening agents for cosmetic industry.Methods:Ethylacetate extracts of citrus-press cakes(CCE)were examined for their anti-melanogenic potentials in terms of the inhibition of melanin production and mechanisim of melanogenesis by using Western Blot analysis with tyrosinese,tyrosinase-related protein-1(TRP-1),TRP2,and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor(MITF)proteins.To apply the topical agents,citrus-press cakes was investigated the safety in human skin cell line.Finally flavonoid analysis of CCE was also determined by HPLC analysis.Results:Results indicated that CCE were shown to down-regulate melanin content in a dose-dependent pattern.The CCE inhibited tyrosinase,TRP-2,and MITF expressions in a dose-dependent manner.To test the applicability of CCE to human skin,we used MTT assay to assess the cytotoxic effects of CCE on human keratinocyte HaCaT cells.The CCE exhibited low cytotoxicity at 50μg/mL.Characterization of the citrus-press cakes for flavonoid contents using HPLC showed varied quantity of rutin,narirutin,and hesperidin.Conclusions:Considering the anti-melanogenic activity and human safety,CCE is considered as a potential anti-melanogenic agent and may be effective for topical application for treating hyperpigmentation disorders.
文摘Objective: To determine hydrophilic–lipophilic balance(HLB) value, stability of formulate emulsion and properties of sacha inchi oil.Methods: The physiochemical characteristics of sacha inchi oil were first investigated.Free radical scavenging property was studied by DPPH assay. HLB value of sacha inchi oil was experimentally determined by preparing the emulsion using emulsifiers at different HLB value. Sacha inchi oil emulsion was prepared using the obtained HLB and its stability was conducted by centrifugation, temperature cycling, and accelerated stability test. The efficiency of the prepared emulsion was clinically investigated by 15 volunteers. The primary skin irritation was performed using closed patch test. Subjective sensory assessment was evaluated by using 5-point hedonic scale method.Results: Peroxide value of sacha inchi oil was 18.40 meq O2/kg oil and acid value was1.86 KOH/g oil. The major fatty acids are omega-3(44%), omega-6(35%) and omega-9(9%). The vitamin E content was 226 mg/100 g oil. Moreover, sacha inchi oil(167 ppm)and its emulsion showed 85% and 89% DPPH inhibition, respectively. The experimental HLB value of sacha inchi oil was 8.5. The sacha inchi oil emulsion exhibited good stability after stability test. The emulsion was classified as non-irritant after tested by primary skin irritation method. The skin hydration value significantly increased from38.59 to 45.21(P < 0.05) after applying sacha inchi oil emulsion for 1 month and the overall product satisfaction of volunteers after use was with score of 4.2.Conclusions: This work provides information on HLB value and emulsion properties of sacha inchi oil which is useful for cosmetic and pharmaceutical application.
基金This work is fully supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan,Republic of China,under Grant Nos.MOST 110-2622-E-390-001 and MOST 109-2622-E-390-002-CC3.
文摘This paper introduces a novel transform method to produce the newly generated programs through code transform model called the second generation of Generative Pre-trained Transformer(GPT-2)reasonably,improving the program execution performance significantly.Besides,a theoretical estimation in statistics has given the minimum number of generated programs as required,which guarantees to find the best one within them.The proposed approach can help the voice assistant machine resolve the problem of inefficient execution of application code.In addition to GPT-2,this study develops the variational Simhash algorithm to check the code similarity between sample program and newly generated program,and conceives the piecewise longest common subsequence algorithm to examine the execution’s conformity from the two programs mentioned above.The code similarity check deducts the redundant generated programs,and the output conformity check finds the best-performing generative program.In addition to texts,the proposed approach can also prove the other media,including images,sounds,and movies.As a result,the newly generated program outperforms the sample program significantly because the number of code lines reduces 27.21%,and the program execution time shortens 24.62%.
文摘Banana flowers contain various bioactive components, including several antioxidants with anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unclear whether they can reduce and prevent hair loss. This study examines the effect of banana flower extracts on preventing hair loss and strengthening hair roots. The banana flower extract(HappyAngel^(■))was used to treat human hair follicle dermal papilla cells(HFDPCs)and the expression of reactive oxygen species(ROS), dihydrotestosterone(DHT), and hair-related genes(SRD5A1, SRD5A2, AR, and KROX20)were monitored. Fifty subjects were divided into a placebo group and a banana flower group. The experimental group consumed banana flower extract daily for twelve weeks and then underwent hair testing, hair-related genes analysis, collection of hair loss, and questionnaires. The results showed that the banana flower extract significantly increased hair cell growth and decreased the expression of ROS, DHT, and hair follicle growth inhibition-related SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and AR genes, and significantly increased the expression of hair growth-related KROX20 gene in HFDPCs. Consuming banana flower extract for twelve weeks increased the hair root diameter and reduced hair loss and scalp redness compared to the placebo group. Thus, banana flower extract(HappyAngel^(■))can stimulate hair growth and inhibit the activation of hair loss genes.
基金Supported by the fostering program of regionally specialized industries through the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)Jeju Institute for Regional Program Evaluation funded by the Ministry of Trade.Industry and Energy(2013-R0002288)
文摘Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Jeju seaweeds on macrophage RAW264.7 cells under lipopolysaccharide(LPS)stimulation.Methods:Ethyl acetate fractions were prepared from five different types of Jeju seaweeds,Dictyopteris divaricata(D.divaricata),Dictyopteris prolifera(D.prolifefa),Prioutis cornea(P.comea,Grateloupia laceolata(G,lanceolate,and Cralcloupia filicina(G.filicina)They were screened for inhibitory effects on proinflammatory mediators and cytokines such as nitric oxide(NO),prostaglandin E,,tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-6(11.-6).Results:Our results revealed that D.divaricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,G.lanceolata,and G.filicina potently inhibited I.PS-stimulaled NO production(IC_(50),values were 18.0,38.36,38.43,32.81 and 37.14μg/mL,respectively).Consistent with these findings,D.divtricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,and G.fdicina also reduced the IPS-induced and prostaglandin E,production in a concentration-dependent manner.Expectedly,they suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 at the protein level in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW264.7 cells,as detennined by western blotting.In addition,the levels of TNF-a and IL-6,released into the medium,were also reduced by D.divaricata,D.prolifera,P.cornea,G,lanceolata,and G.fdicina in a dose-dependent manner(IC_(50)values for TNF-a were 16.11,28.21,84.27,45.52 and74.75μg/mL,respectively;IC_(50),values for IL-6 were 37.35,80.08,103.28,62.53 and 84.28μg/mL,respectively).The total phlorotannin content was measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as phloroglucinol equivalents.The content was 92.0μg/mg for D.divaricata,151.8μg/mg for D.prolifera,57.2μg/mg for P.cornea,53.0 pg/mg for G.lanceolata,and 40.2μg/mg for G.fdicina.Conclusions:Thus,these findings suggest that Jeju seaweed extracts have potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory responses.
文摘Natural moisturizing factor(NMF)in the stratum corneum contributes to the retention of moisture there.The purpose of this study was to determine the penetration of ions in Shotokuseki extract(SE)into the three-dimensional cultured epidermis and the effect of NMF on the biosynthesis of amino acids and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid formation.Vari-ous ions,amino acids and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrom-etry,fully automatic amino acid analyzer or high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)in three-dimensional cultured epidermis after application of SE.Gene expression levels of profilaggrin,calpain1,caspase14,and bleomycin hydrolase,which are involved in NMF production,were determined by reverse-transcription qPCR and bleomycin hydrolase activity was determined by aminopeptidase assay.The application of SE increased Na,K,Mg,Ca,Al,and Fe levels in three-dimensional cultured epidermis.The mRNA levels of the starting material of amino acid synthesis profilaggrin,and calpain1 and bleomycin hydrolase,which are involved in its fragmentation,increased.The activity of bleomycin hydrolase also increased.Furthermore,the levels of amino acids and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid increased in the three-dimensional cultured epidermis.This suggests that the ionic composition of SE may be involved in its moisturizing effect on the stratum corneum.
基金supported and granted by the Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan(MOST110-2622-E-390-001 and MOST109-2622-E-390-002-CC3).
文摘Big data analytics in business intelligence do not provide effective data retrieval methods and job scheduling that will cause execution inefficiency and low system throughput.This paper aims to enhance the capability of data retrieval and job scheduling to speed up the operation of big data analytics to overcome inefficiency and low throughput problems.First,integrating stacked sparse autoencoder and Elasticsearch indexing explored fast data searching and distributed indexing,which reduces the search scope of the database and dramatically speeds up data searching.Next,exploiting a deep neural network to predict the approximate execution time of a job gives prioritized job scheduling based on the shortest job first,which reduces the average waiting time of job execution.As a result,the proposed data retrieval approach outperforms the previous method using a deep autoencoder and Solr indexing,significantly improving the speed of data retrieval up to 53%and increasing system throughput by 53%.On the other hand,the proposed job scheduling algorithmdefeats both first-in-first-out andmemory-sensitive heterogeneous early finish time scheduling algorithms,effectively shortening the average waiting time up to 5%and average weighted turnaround time by 19%,respectively.
基金Project supported by the Nippon Sheet Glass Foundation for Materials Science and Engineering(Japan,January 2012)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(Grant No.2011CDB426)
文摘The gold （Au） nanorods with various aspect ratios are obtained by a seed-media method in low pH growth solution. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and UV-visible spectrophotometry are utilized to characterize the Au nanorods, and the longitudinal absorption peak positions of Au nanorods show different shifting trends of the growth evolutions in various low pH （1~3） solutions. Other influential factors on the shape of Au nanorod are also systematically studied under low pH reaction condition. The positions of longitudinal peak shift between 600 nm and 900 nm, with the aspect ratios of Au nanorods varying from 2 to 5 both in the simulation and experimental results. The simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan,under Grant Nos.MOST 111-2221-E-390-012 and MOST 111-2622-E-390-001.
文摘Our previous work has introduced the newly generated program using the code transformation model GPT-2,verifying the generated programming codes through simhash(SH)and longest common subsequence(LCS)algo-rithms.However,the entire code transformation process has encountered a time-consuming problem.Therefore,the objective of this study is to speed up the code transformation process signicantly.This paper has proposed deep learning approaches for modifying SH using a variational simhash(VSH)algorithm and replacing LCS with a piecewise longest common subsequence(PLCS)algorithm to faster the verication process in the test phase.Besides the code transformation model GPT-2,this study has also introduced MicrosoMASS and Facebook BART for a comparative analysis of their performance.Meanwhile,the explainable AI technique using local interpretable model-agnostic explanations(LIME)can also interpret the decision-making ofAImodels.The experimental results show that VSH can reduce the number of qualied programs by 22.11%,and PLCS can reduce the execution time of selected pocket programs by 32.39%.As a result,the proposed approaches can signicantly speed up the entire code transformation process by 1.38 times on average compared with our previous work.
