The emergence of different computing methods such as cloud-,fog-,and edge-based Internet of Things(IoT)systems has provided the opportunity to develop intelligent systems for disease detection.Compared to other machin...The emergence of different computing methods such as cloud-,fog-,and edge-based Internet of Things(IoT)systems has provided the opportunity to develop intelligent systems for disease detection.Compared to other machine learning models,deep learning models have gained more attention from the research community,as they have shown better results with a large volume of data compared to shallow learning.However,no comprehensive survey has been conducted on integrated IoT-and computing-based systems that deploy deep learning for disease detection.This study evaluated different machine learning and deep learning algorithms and their hybrid and optimized algorithms for IoT-based disease detection,using the most recent papers on IoT-based disease detection systems that include computing approaches,such as cloud,edge,and fog.Their analysis focused on an IoT deep learning architecture suitable for disease detection.It also recognizes the different factors that require the attention of researchers to develop better IoT disease detection systems.This study can be helpful to researchers interested in developing better IoT-based disease detection and prediction systems based on deep learning using hybrid algorithms.展开更多
In this paper,we present local functional law of the iterated logarithm for Cs?rg?-Révész type increments of fractional Brownian motion.The results obtained extend works of Gantert[Ann.Probab.,1993,21(2):104...In this paper,we present local functional law of the iterated logarithm for Cs?rg?-Révész type increments of fractional Brownian motion.The results obtained extend works of Gantert[Ann.Probab.,1993,21(2):1045-1049]and Monrad and Rootzén[Probab.Theory Related Fields,1995,101(2):173-192].展开更多
A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about com...A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about commercializing HESS and improving it further.However,the design and sizing process can be overwhelming to comprehend with various sources to examine,and understanding optimal design methodologies is crucial to optimize a HESS design.With that,this review aims to collect and analyse a wide range of HESS studies to summarise recent studies.Two different collections of studies are studied,one was sourced by the main author for preliminary readings,and another was obtained via VOSViewer.The findings from the Web of Science platform were also examined for amore comprehensive understanding.Major findings include the People’sRepublic of China has been active in HESS research,as most works and active organizations originate from this country.HESS has been mainly researched to support power generation and balance load demands,with financial analysis being the common scope of analysis.MATLAB is a common tool used for HESS design,modelling,and optimization as it can handle complex calculations.Artificial neural network(ANN)has the potential to be used to model the HESS,but additional review is required as a formof future work.From a commercialization perspective,pressurized hydrogen tanks are ideal for hydrogen storage in a HESS,but other methods can be considered after additional research and development.From this review,it can be implied that modelling works will be the way forward for HESS research,but extensive collaborations and additional review are needed.Overall,this review summarized various takeaways that future research works on HESS can use.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a three-term conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained optimization problems based on the Hestenes-Stiefel(HS)conjugate gradient method and Polak-Ribiere-Polyak(PRP)conjugate gradien...In this paper,we propose a three-term conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained optimization problems based on the Hestenes-Stiefel(HS)conjugate gradient method and Polak-Ribiere-Polyak(PRP)conjugate gradient method.Under the condition of standard Wolfe line search,the proposed search direction is the descent direction.For general nonlinear functions,the method is globally convergent.Finally,numerical results show that the proposed method is efficient.展开更多
Exploring the quantum advantages of various non-classical quantum states in noisy environments is a central subject in quantum sensing.Here we provide a complete picture for the frequency estimation precision of three...Exploring the quantum advantages of various non-classical quantum states in noisy environments is a central subject in quantum sensing.Here we provide a complete picture for the frequency estimation precision of three important states(the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)state,the maximal spin squeezed state,and the spin coherent state)of a spin-S under both individual dephasing and collective dephasing by general Gaussian noise,ranging from the Markovian limit to the extreme non-Markovian limit.Whether or not the noise is Markovian,the spin coherent state is always worse than the classical scheme under collective dephasing although it is equivalent to the classical scheme under individual dephasing.Moreover,the maximal spin squeezed state always give the best sensing precision(and outperforms the widely studied GHZ state)in all cases.This establishes the general advantage of the spin squeezed state for noisy frequency estimation in many quantum sensing platforms.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the normalized L,mixed intersection body and demonstrate how the normalized L_(p) mixed intersection body operator can be used to obtain the polar body operator as a limit.Moreover,we study ...In this paper,we introduce the normalized L,mixed intersection body and demonstrate how the normalized L_(p) mixed intersection body operator can be used to obtain the polar body operator as a limit.Moreover,we study the L_(p)-Busemann-Petty type problem for the normalized L_(p) mixed intersection bodies.展开更多
Inspired by the recent discovery of breathing kagome materials Nb_(3)Cl_(8) and Nb_(3)TeCl_(7),we have explored the influence of the breathing effect on the Hubbard model of the kagome lattice.Utilizing the determinan...Inspired by the recent discovery of breathing kagome materials Nb_(3)Cl_(8) and Nb_(3)TeCl_(7),we have explored the influence of the breathing effect on the Hubbard model of the kagome lattice.Utilizing the determinant quantum Monte Carlo method,we first investigated the average sign problem in the breathing kagome lattice,which is influenced by both the breathing strength and the interaction strength.Secondly,we calculated the electronic kinetic energy,the direct current conductivity,and the electronic density of states at the Fermi level to determine the critical interaction strength for the metal-insulator transition.Our results indicate that the breathing effect,in conjunction with the interaction strength,drives the kagome system from a metal to an insulator.Finally,we evaluated the magnetic properties and constructed a phase diagram incorporating both transport and magnetic properties.The phase diagram reveals that as the interaction strength increases,the system transitions from a paramagnetic metal to a Mott insulator.Our research provides theoretical guidance for utilizing the breathing effect to control the band gaps,conductivity,and magnetic properties of kagome materials with electronic interactions.展开更多
Finding the optimal control is of importance to quantum metrology under a noisy environment.In this paper,we tackle the problem of finding the optimal control to enhance the performance of quantum metrology under an a...Finding the optimal control is of importance to quantum metrology under a noisy environment.In this paper,we tackle the problem of finding the optimal control to enhance the performance of quantum metrology under an arbitrary non-Markovian bosonic environment.By introducing an equivalent pseudomode model,the non-Markovian dynamic evolution is reduced to a Lindblad master equation,which helps us to calculate the gradient of quantum Fisher information and perform the gradient ascent algorithm to find the optimal control.Our approach is accurate and circumvents the need for the Born-Markovian approximation.As an example,we consider the frequency estimation of a spin with pure dephasing under two types of non-Markovian environments.By maximizing the quantum Fisher information at a fixed evolution time,we obtain the optimal multi-axis control,which results in a notable enhancement in quantum metrology.The advantage of our method lies in its applicability to the arbitrary non-Markovian bosonic environment.展开更多
As a result of breakthroughs in computational approaches mixed with a boom in multi-omics data,the development of numerous digital medicines and bioinformatics tools have aided in speeding up the healthcare industry p...As a result of breakthroughs in computational approaches mixed with a boom in multi-omics data,the development of numerous digital medicines and bioinformatics tools have aided in speeding up the healthcare industry process.The traditional healthcare development method has been further rationalized with the introduction of artificial intelligence(AI),deep learning(DL),and machine learning(ML).Wide-ranging biological and clinical data in the form of big data,which is stored in various databases worldwide,serve as the raw material for AI-based methods and aid in the precise identification of patterns and models.These patterns and models can be used to identify novel therapeutically active molecules with significantly less time,financial investment,and workforce.This review article provides insights into understanding the principles of AI technologies such as next-generation sequencing(NGS),natural language processing(NLP),radiological images,patients-electronic medical records(EMR),and drug discovery as well as how they should be used in ethical,economic,and social ramifications of AI.This review also highlights various applications of AI in the healthcare industry,along with the analyses of different AI technologies.Additionally,it will offer helpful suggestions to assist decision-makers in creating an AI plan that would support their shift to a digital healthcare system.展开更多
The Wiener index of a graph is defined to be the sum of the distances of all pairs of vertices in the graph.The kth power G^(k) of a graph G is the graph on V(G)and two vertices are adjacent if and only if their dista...The Wiener index of a graph is defined to be the sum of the distances of all pairs of vertices in the graph.The kth power G^(k) of a graph G is the graph on V(G)and two vertices are adjacent if and only if their distance in G is less or equal to k.In this paper,we computed the Wiener index of the kth power of paths and cycles for any k≥2.展开更多
Control of hyperfine interaction strength of shallow donors in Si is one of the central issues in realizing Kane quantum computers.First-principles calculations on the hyperfine Stark shift of shallow donors are chall...Control of hyperfine interaction strength of shallow donors in Si is one of the central issues in realizing Kane quantum computers.First-principles calculations on the hyperfine Stark shift of shallow donors are challenging since large supercells are needed to accommodate the delocalized donor wave functions.In this work,we investigated the hyperfine Stark shift and its strain tunability for shallow donors P and As in Si using the potential patching method based on first-principles density functional theory calculations.The good agreement between our calculations and experimental results confirms that the potential patching method is a feasible and accurate first-principles approach for studying wave-function-related properties of shallow impurities,such as the Stark shift parameter.It is further shown that the application of strain expands the range of hyperfine Stark shift and helps improve the response of shallow donor based qubit gates.The results could be useful for developing quantum computing architectures based on shallow donors in Si.展开更多
All-inorganic perovskite CsPbX_(3)(X=Cl,Br,I)nanocrystals(NCs)have emerged as promising candidates for light-emitting diode(LED)displays due to their outstanding photophysical properties.However,their practical applic...All-inorganic perovskite CsPbX_(3)(X=Cl,Br,I)nanocrystals(NCs)have emerged as promising candidates for light-emitting diode(LED)displays due to their outstanding photophysical properties.However,their practical application remains hindered by poor stability and the inherent toxicity of Pb2+.In this study,we present a two-step heating method to synthesize CsPb_(1-x)Zn_(x)Br_(3)NCs with enhanced optoelectronic performance and uniform dispersion.The optimized Zn^(2+)-doped NCs achieve a photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 86%,with a reduction in lattice spacing from 0.384 to 0.365 nm,attributed to increased perovskite lattice formation energy and effective surface passivation.To further improve stability,a silica(SiO_(2))shell is introduced via surface modification with(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane(APTES),forming CsPb_(0.7)Zn_(0.3)Br_(3)@SiO_(2)core–shell NCs.At an optimal APTES/B-site metal ion molar ratio of 1.8,the PLQY increases to 96%.The SiO2encapsulation significantly enhances environmental stability,with coated NCs retaining 43%of their initial photoluminescence(PL)intensity after immersion in water for 36 h,compared to only 5%for uncoated NCs.Furthermore,after ethanol treatment for 210 min,the coated NCs retain 39%of their initial PL intensity,while the uncoated counterparts retain merely7%.The enhanced stability and luminescence performance of CsPb_(0.7)Zn_(0.3)Br_(3)@SiO_(2)NCs make them highly promising for LED applications.White light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)fabricated using these NCs exhibit a color rendering index(CRI)of 78.2,a correlated color temperature(CCT)of 5470 K,and a luminous efficiency(LE)of 54.2 lm/W,demonstrating significant potential for next-generation display and lighting technologies.展开更多
The long-term Mittag-Leffler stability of solutions to multi-term timefractional diffusion equations with constant coefficients was rigorously established,which demonstrated that the algebraic decay rate of the soluti...The long-term Mittag-Leffler stability of solutions to multi-term timefractional diffusion equations with constant coefficients was rigorously established,which demonstrated that the algebraic decay rate of the solution,characterized by||u_(n)||L^(2)(Ω)=O(t^(−αs)) as t→∞,is determined by the minimum order α_(s) of the time-fractional derivatives.Building on this foundational result,this article pursues two primary objectives.First,we introduce a strongly A-stable fractional linear multistep method and derive the numerical stability region for the governing equation.Second,we rigorously prove the long-term decay rate of the numerical solution through a detailed singularity analysis of its generating function.Notably,the numerical decay rate||u_(n)||L^(2)(Ω)=O(t_(n)^(−α_(s)) as t_(n)→∞aligns precisely with the continuous case.Theoretical findings are further validated through comprehensive numerical simulations,underscoring the robustness of our proposed method.展开更多
Hypergraphs can accurately capture complex higher-order relationships,but it is challenging to identify their important nodes.In this paper,an improved PageRank(ImPageRank)algorithm is designed to identify important n...Hypergraphs can accurately capture complex higher-order relationships,but it is challenging to identify their important nodes.In this paper,an improved PageRank(ImPageRank)algorithm is designed to identify important nodes in a directed hypergraph.The algorithm introduces the Jaccard similarity of directed hypergraphs.By comparing the numbers of common neighbors between nodes with the total number of their neighbors,the Jaccard similarity measure takes into account the similarity between nodes that are not directly connected,and can reflect the potential correlation between nodes.An improved susceptible–infected(SI)model in directed hypergraph is proposed,which considers nonlinear propagation mode and more realistic propagation mechanism.In addition,some important node evaluation methods are transferred from undirected hypergraphs and applied to directed hypergraphs.Finally,the ImPageRank algorithm is used to evaluate the performance of the SI model,network robustness and monotonicity.Simulations of real networks demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed algorithm and provide a powerful framework for identifying important nodes in directed hypergraphs.展开更多
Studying the interactions and relationships between humans and animals is known as ethnozoology.Indigenous medicine that is used to prevent,diagnose,and cure physical and mental disorders is known as traditional medic...Studying the interactions and relationships between humans and animals is known as ethnozoology.Indigenous medicine that is used to prevent,diagnose,and cure physical and mental disorders is known as traditional medicine.The understanding of how various animal materials are used in conventional medicine by different ethnic communities is undocumented and largely passed through oral communication from generation to generation.Traditional medicine is the primary source of healthcare for many ethnic tribes in Ethiopia.Approximately 80%of Ethiopians rely on traditional medicine to cure a variety of human conditions.However,because they are passed down orally from generation to generation,this indigenous medical practice is being disregarded and is still disappearing as a result of inadequate documentation.Ethiopia is a land of diversity,with a wide variety of fauna and ethnic groups,each of whom uses and manipulates medicinal animals in a unique way to treat a range of human illnesses.The main participants in the curative component of traditional medicine practice are traditional healers,who go by various names in different regions of the nation.In Ethiopia,though indigenous societies medicinally used animal species for millennia,they have given little attention to their conservation.Therefore,documentation of traditional medicinal animals and indigenous healing practices of Ethiopian cultures are very important to preserve the country’s resources.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered interest in designing their ligand environments,facilitating the modification of single catalytic sites toward high activity and selectivity.Despite various synthetic approache...Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered interest in designing their ligand environments,facilitating the modification of single catalytic sites toward high activity and selectivity.Despite various synthetic approaches,it remains challenging to achieve a catalytically favorable coordination structure simultaneously with the feasible formation of SACs at low temperatures.Here,a new type of coordination structure for Pt SACs is introduced to offer a highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalyst,where Pt SACs are readily fabricated by atomically confining PtCl_(2)on chemically driven NO_(2)sites in two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets at room temperature.The resultant Pt SACs form the NO_(2)-Pt-Cl_(2)coordination structure with an atomic dispersion,as revealed by X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy investigations.Moreover,our first-principles density functional theory(DFT)calculations show strong interactions in the coordination by computing the binding energy and charge density difference between PtCl_(2)and NO_(2).Pt SACs,established on the NO_(2)-functionalized carbon support,demonstrate the onset potential of 25 mV,Tafel slope of 40 mV dec^(-1),and high specific activity of 1.35 A mgPt^(-1).Importantly,the Pt SACs also exhibit long-term stability up to 110 h,which is a significant advance in the field of single-atom Pt catalysts.The newly developed coordination structure of Pt SACs features a single Pt active center,providing hydrogen binding ability comparable to that of Pt(111),enhanced long-term durability due to strong metal-support interactions,and the advantage of room-temperature fabrication.展开更多
With the development of science and technology,the design and optimization of control systems are widely applied.This paper focuses on the application of matrix equations in linear time-invariant systems.Taking the in...With the development of science and technology,the design and optimization of control systems are widely applied.This paper focuses on the application of matrix equations in linear time-invariant systems.Taking the inverted pendulum model as an example,the algebraic Riccati equation is used to solve the optimal control problem,and the system performance and stability are achieved by selecting the closed-loop pole and designing the gain matrix.Then,the numerical methods for solving the stochastic algebraic Riccati equations are applied to practical problems,with Newton’s iteration method as the outer iteration and the solution of the mixed-type Lyapunov equations as the inner iteration.Two methods for solving the Lyapunov equations are introduced,providing references for related research.展开更多
The incorporation of graphene fillers into polymer matrices has been recognized for its potential to enhance thermal conductivity,which is particularly beneficial for applications in thermal management.The uniformity ...The incorporation of graphene fillers into polymer matrices has been recognized for its potential to enhance thermal conductivity,which is particularly beneficial for applications in thermal management.The uniformity of graphene dispersion is pivotal to achieving optimal thermal conductivity,thereby directly influencing the effectiveness of thermal management,including the mitigation of local hot-spot temperatures.This research employs a quantitative approach to assess the distribution of graphene fillers within a PBX(plastic-bonded explosive)matrix,focusing specifically on the thermal management of hot spots.Through finite element method(FEM)simulations,we have explored the impact of graphene filler orientation,proximity to the central heat source,and spatial clustering on heat transfer.Our findings indicate that the strategic distribution of graphene fillers can create efficient thermal conduction channels,which significantly reduce the temperatures at local hot spots.In a model containing 0.336%graphene by volume,the central hot-spot temperature was reduced by approximately 60 K compared to a pure PBX material,under a heat flux of 600 W/m^(2).This study offers valuable insights into the optimization of the spatial arrangement of low-concentration graphene fillers,aiming to improve the thermal management capabilities of HMX-based PBX explosives.展开更多
Spillover of trypanosomiasis parasites from wildlife to domestic livestock and humans remains a major challenge world over.With the disease targeted for elimination by 2030,assessing the impact of control strategies i...Spillover of trypanosomiasis parasites from wildlife to domestic livestock and humans remains a major challenge world over.With the disease targeted for elimination by 2030,assessing the impact of control strategies in communities where there are human-cattle-wildlife interactions is therefore essential.A compartmental framework incorporating tsetse flies,humans,cattle,wildlife and various disease control strategies is developed and analyzed.The reproduction is derived and its sensitivity to different model parameters is investigated.Meanwhile,the optimal control theory is used to identify a combination of control strategies capable of minimizing the infected human and cattle population over time at minimal costs of implementation.The results indicates that tsetse fly mortality rate is strongly and negatively correlated to the reproduction number.It is also established that tsetse fly feeding rate in strongly and positively correlated to the reproduction number.Simulation results indicates that time dependent control strategies can significantly reduce the infections.Overall,the study shows that screening and treatment of humans may not lead to disease elimination.Combining this strategy with other strategies such as screening and treatment of cattle and vector control strategies will result in maximum reduction of tsetse fly population and disease elimination.展开更多
Malaysia,as one of the highest producers of palm oil globally and one of the largest exporters,has a huge potential to use palmoil waste to generate electricity since an abundance of waste is produced during the palmo...Malaysia,as one of the highest producers of palm oil globally and one of the largest exporters,has a huge potential to use palmoil waste to generate electricity since an abundance of waste is produced during the palmoil extraction process.In this paper,we have first examined and compared the use of palmoil waste as biomass for electricity generation in different countries with reference to Malaysia.Some areas with default accessibility in rural areas,like those in Sabah and Sarawak,require a cheap and reliable source of electricity.Palm oil waste possesses the potential to be the source.Therefore,this research examines the cost-effective comparison between electricity generated frompalm oil waste and standalone diesel electric generation in Marudi,Sarawak,Malaysia.This research aims to investigate the potential electricity generation using palm oil waste and the feasibility of implementing the technology in rural areas.To implement and analyze the feasibility,a case study has been carried out in a rural area in Sarawak,Malaysia.The finding shows the electricity cost calculation of small towns like Long Lama,Long Miri,and Long Atip,with ten nearby schools,and suggests that using EFB from palm oil waste is cheaper and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.The study also points out the need to conduct further research on power systems,such as energy storage andmicrogrids,to better understand the future of power systems.By collecting data through questionnaires and surveys,an analysis has been carried out to determine the approximate cost and quantity of palm oil waste to generate cheaper renewable energy.We concluded that electricity generation from palm oil waste is cost-effective and beneficial.The infrastructure can be a microgrid connected to the main grid.展开更多
文摘The emergence of different computing methods such as cloud-,fog-,and edge-based Internet of Things(IoT)systems has provided the opportunity to develop intelligent systems for disease detection.Compared to other machine learning models,deep learning models have gained more attention from the research community,as they have shown better results with a large volume of data compared to shallow learning.However,no comprehensive survey has been conducted on integrated IoT-and computing-based systems that deploy deep learning for disease detection.This study evaluated different machine learning and deep learning algorithms and their hybrid and optimized algorithms for IoT-based disease detection,using the most recent papers on IoT-based disease detection systems that include computing approaches,such as cloud,edge,and fog.Their analysis focused on an IoT deep learning architecture suitable for disease detection.It also recognizes the different factors that require the attention of researchers to develop better IoT disease detection systems.This study can be helpful to researchers interested in developing better IoT-based disease detection and prediction systems based on deep learning using hybrid algorithms.
基金Supported by NSFC(Nos.11661025,12161024)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(Nos.2020GXNSFAA159118,2021GXNSFAA196045)+2 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Project(No.Guike AD20297006)Training Program for 1000 Young and Middle-aged Cadre Teachers in Universities of GuangxiNational College Student's Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.202110595049)。
文摘In this paper,we present local functional law of the iterated logarithm for Cs?rg?-Révész type increments of fractional Brownian motion.The results obtained extend works of Gantert[Ann.Probab.,1993,21(2):1045-1049]and Monrad and Rootzén[Probab.Theory Related Fields,1995,101(2):173-192].
文摘A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about commercializing HESS and improving it further.However,the design and sizing process can be overwhelming to comprehend with various sources to examine,and understanding optimal design methodologies is crucial to optimize a HESS design.With that,this review aims to collect and analyse a wide range of HESS studies to summarise recent studies.Two different collections of studies are studied,one was sourced by the main author for preliminary readings,and another was obtained via VOSViewer.The findings from the Web of Science platform were also examined for amore comprehensive understanding.Major findings include the People’sRepublic of China has been active in HESS research,as most works and active organizations originate from this country.HESS has been mainly researched to support power generation and balance load demands,with financial analysis being the common scope of analysis.MATLAB is a common tool used for HESS design,modelling,and optimization as it can handle complex calculations.Artificial neural network(ANN)has the potential to be used to model the HESS,but additional review is required as a formof future work.From a commercialization perspective,pressurized hydrogen tanks are ideal for hydrogen storage in a HESS,but other methods can be considered after additional research and development.From this review,it can be implied that modelling works will be the way forward for HESS research,but extensive collaborations and additional review are needed.Overall,this review summarized various takeaways that future research works on HESS can use.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangxi(Guike AD23023002)。
文摘In this paper,we propose a three-term conjugate gradient method for solving unconstrained optimization problems based on the Hestenes-Stiefel(HS)conjugate gradient method and Polak-Ribiere-Polyak(PRP)conjugate gradient method.Under the condition of standard Wolfe line search,the proposed search direction is the descent direction.For general nonlinear functions,the method is globally convergent.Finally,numerical results show that the proposed method is efficient.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Grant No.12274019the NSAF grant in NSFC with Grant No.U2230402。
文摘Exploring the quantum advantages of various non-classical quantum states in noisy environments is a central subject in quantum sensing.Here we provide a complete picture for the frequency estimation precision of three important states(the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)state,the maximal spin squeezed state,and the spin coherent state)of a spin-S under both individual dephasing and collective dephasing by general Gaussian noise,ranging from the Markovian limit to the extreme non-Markovian limit.Whether or not the noise is Markovian,the spin coherent state is always worse than the classical scheme under collective dephasing although it is equivalent to the classical scheme under individual dephasing.Moreover,the maximal spin squeezed state always give the best sensing precision(and outperforms the widely studied GHZ state)in all cases.This establishes the general advantage of the spin squeezed state for noisy frequency estimation in many quantum sensing platforms.
基金Supported by the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province (CX20231033)。
文摘In this paper,we introduce the normalized L,mixed intersection body and demonstrate how the normalized L_(p) mixed intersection body operator can be used to obtain the polar body operator as a limit.Moreover,we study the L_(p)-Busemann-Petty type problem for the normalized L_(p) mixed intersection bodies.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12474218)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant Nos.1242022 and 1252022).
文摘Inspired by the recent discovery of breathing kagome materials Nb_(3)Cl_(8) and Nb_(3)TeCl_(7),we have explored the influence of the breathing effect on the Hubbard model of the kagome lattice.Utilizing the determinant quantum Monte Carlo method,we first investigated the average sign problem in the breathing kagome lattice,which is influenced by both the breathing strength and the interaction strength.Secondly,we calculated the electronic kinetic energy,the direct current conductivity,and the electronic density of states at the Fermi level to determine the critical interaction strength for the metal-insulator transition.Our results indicate that the breathing effect,in conjunction with the interaction strength,drives the kagome system from a metal to an insulator.Finally,we evaluated the magnetic properties and constructed a phase diagram incorporating both transport and magnetic properties.The phase diagram reveals that as the interaction strength increases,the system transitions from a paramagnetic metal to a Mott insulator.Our research provides theoretical guidance for utilizing the breathing effect to control the band gaps,conductivity,and magnetic properties of kagome materials with electronic interactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12274019)the NSAF Joint Fund(Grant No.U2230402)。
文摘Finding the optimal control is of importance to quantum metrology under a noisy environment.In this paper,we tackle the problem of finding the optimal control to enhance the performance of quantum metrology under an arbitrary non-Markovian bosonic environment.By introducing an equivalent pseudomode model,the non-Markovian dynamic evolution is reduced to a Lindblad master equation,which helps us to calculate the gradient of quantum Fisher information and perform the gradient ascent algorithm to find the optimal control.Our approach is accurate and circumvents the need for the Born-Markovian approximation.As an example,we consider the frequency estimation of a spin with pure dephasing under two types of non-Markovian environments.By maximizing the quantum Fisher information at a fixed evolution time,we obtain the optimal multi-axis control,which results in a notable enhancement in quantum metrology.The advantage of our method lies in its applicability to the arbitrary non-Markovian bosonic environment.
文摘As a result of breakthroughs in computational approaches mixed with a boom in multi-omics data,the development of numerous digital medicines and bioinformatics tools have aided in speeding up the healthcare industry process.The traditional healthcare development method has been further rationalized with the introduction of artificial intelligence(AI),deep learning(DL),and machine learning(ML).Wide-ranging biological and clinical data in the form of big data,which is stored in various databases worldwide,serve as the raw material for AI-based methods and aid in the precise identification of patterns and models.These patterns and models can be used to identify novel therapeutically active molecules with significantly less time,financial investment,and workforce.This review article provides insights into understanding the principles of AI technologies such as next-generation sequencing(NGS),natural language processing(NLP),radiological images,patients-electronic medical records(EMR),and drug discovery as well as how they should be used in ethical,economic,and social ramifications of AI.This review also highlights various applications of AI in the healthcare industry,along with the analyses of different AI technologies.Additionally,it will offer helpful suggestions to assist decision-makers in creating an AI plan that would support their shift to a digital healthcare system.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12201471)the Special Foundation in Key Fields for Universities of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2022ZDZX1034).
文摘The Wiener index of a graph is defined to be the sum of the distances of all pairs of vertices in the graph.The kth power G^(k) of a graph G is the graph on V(G)and two vertices are adjacent if and only if their distance in G is less or equal to k.In this paper,we computed the Wiener index of the kth power of paths and cycles for any k≥2.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant Nos.12393831 and 12088101).
文摘Control of hyperfine interaction strength of shallow donors in Si is one of the central issues in realizing Kane quantum computers.First-principles calculations on the hyperfine Stark shift of shallow donors are challenging since large supercells are needed to accommodate the delocalized donor wave functions.In this work,we investigated the hyperfine Stark shift and its strain tunability for shallow donors P and As in Si using the potential patching method based on first-principles density functional theory calculations.The good agreement between our calculations and experimental results confirms that the potential patching method is a feasible and accurate first-principles approach for studying wave-function-related properties of shallow impurities,such as the Stark shift parameter.It is further shown that the application of strain expands the range of hyperfine Stark shift and helps improve the response of shallow donor based qubit gates.The results could be useful for developing quantum computing architectures based on shallow donors in Si.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52062019)the Natural Science Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Jiangsu Province,China(No.24KJA430013)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Youths,China(No.BK20230662)。
文摘All-inorganic perovskite CsPbX_(3)(X=Cl,Br,I)nanocrystals(NCs)have emerged as promising candidates for light-emitting diode(LED)displays due to their outstanding photophysical properties.However,their practical application remains hindered by poor stability and the inherent toxicity of Pb2+.In this study,we present a two-step heating method to synthesize CsPb_(1-x)Zn_(x)Br_(3)NCs with enhanced optoelectronic performance and uniform dispersion.The optimized Zn^(2+)-doped NCs achieve a photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 86%,with a reduction in lattice spacing from 0.384 to 0.365 nm,attributed to increased perovskite lattice formation energy and effective surface passivation.To further improve stability,a silica(SiO_(2))shell is introduced via surface modification with(3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane(APTES),forming CsPb_(0.7)Zn_(0.3)Br_(3)@SiO_(2)core–shell NCs.At an optimal APTES/B-site metal ion molar ratio of 1.8,the PLQY increases to 96%.The SiO2encapsulation significantly enhances environmental stability,with coated NCs retaining 43%of their initial photoluminescence(PL)intensity after immersion in water for 36 h,compared to only 5%for uncoated NCs.Furthermore,after ethanol treatment for 210 min,the coated NCs retain 39%of their initial PL intensity,while the uncoated counterparts retain merely7%.The enhanced stability and luminescence performance of CsPb_(0.7)Zn_(0.3)Br_(3)@SiO_(2)NCs make them highly promising for LED applications.White light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)fabricated using these NCs exhibit a color rendering index(CRI)of 78.2,a correlated color temperature(CCT)of 5470 K,and a luminous efficiency(LE)of 54.2 lm/W,demonstrating significant potential for next-generation display and lighting technologies.
文摘The long-term Mittag-Leffler stability of solutions to multi-term timefractional diffusion equations with constant coefficients was rigorously established,which demonstrated that the algebraic decay rate of the solution,characterized by||u_(n)||L^(2)(Ω)=O(t^(−αs)) as t→∞,is determined by the minimum order α_(s) of the time-fractional derivatives.Building on this foundational result,this article pursues two primary objectives.First,we introduce a strongly A-stable fractional linear multistep method and derive the numerical stability region for the governing equation.Second,we rigorously prove the long-term decay rate of the numerical solution through a detailed singularity analysis of its generating function.Notably,the numerical decay rate||u_(n)||L^(2)(Ω)=O(t_(n)^(−α_(s)) as t_(n)→∞aligns precisely with the continuous case.Theoretical findings are further validated through comprehensive numerical simulations,underscoring the robustness of our proposed method.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62166010)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2023GXNSFAA026087).
文摘Hypergraphs can accurately capture complex higher-order relationships,but it is challenging to identify their important nodes.In this paper,an improved PageRank(ImPageRank)algorithm is designed to identify important nodes in a directed hypergraph.The algorithm introduces the Jaccard similarity of directed hypergraphs.By comparing the numbers of common neighbors between nodes with the total number of their neighbors,the Jaccard similarity measure takes into account the similarity between nodes that are not directly connected,and can reflect the potential correlation between nodes.An improved susceptible–infected(SI)model in directed hypergraph is proposed,which considers nonlinear propagation mode and more realistic propagation mechanism.In addition,some important node evaluation methods are transferred from undirected hypergraphs and applied to directed hypergraphs.Finally,the ImPageRank algorithm is used to evaluate the performance of the SI model,network robustness and monotonicity.Simulations of real networks demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed algorithm and provide a powerful framework for identifying important nodes in directed hypergraphs.
文摘Studying the interactions and relationships between humans and animals is known as ethnozoology.Indigenous medicine that is used to prevent,diagnose,and cure physical and mental disorders is known as traditional medicine.The understanding of how various animal materials are used in conventional medicine by different ethnic communities is undocumented and largely passed through oral communication from generation to generation.Traditional medicine is the primary source of healthcare for many ethnic tribes in Ethiopia.Approximately 80%of Ethiopians rely on traditional medicine to cure a variety of human conditions.However,because they are passed down orally from generation to generation,this indigenous medical practice is being disregarded and is still disappearing as a result of inadequate documentation.Ethiopia is a land of diversity,with a wide variety of fauna and ethnic groups,each of whom uses and manipulates medicinal animals in a unique way to treat a range of human illnesses.The main participants in the curative component of traditional medicine practice are traditional healers,who go by various names in different regions of the nation.In Ethiopia,though indigenous societies medicinally used animal species for millennia,they have given little attention to their conservation.Therefore,documentation of traditional medicinal animals and indigenous healing practices of Ethiopian cultures are very important to preserve the country’s resources.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)(NRF-2020M3H4A3106354,NRF-2021M3I3A1083946,and NRF-2021R1A6A3A01087461)the Korea Institute of Science and Technology,and the KISTI Supercomputing Center(KSC-2023-CRE-0492).
文摘Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered interest in designing their ligand environments,facilitating the modification of single catalytic sites toward high activity and selectivity.Despite various synthetic approaches,it remains challenging to achieve a catalytically favorable coordination structure simultaneously with the feasible formation of SACs at low temperatures.Here,a new type of coordination structure for Pt SACs is introduced to offer a highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalyst,where Pt SACs are readily fabricated by atomically confining PtCl_(2)on chemically driven NO_(2)sites in two-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets at room temperature.The resultant Pt SACs form the NO_(2)-Pt-Cl_(2)coordination structure with an atomic dispersion,as revealed by X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy investigations.Moreover,our first-principles density functional theory(DFT)calculations show strong interactions in the coordination by computing the binding energy and charge density difference between PtCl_(2)and NO_(2).Pt SACs,established on the NO_(2)-functionalized carbon support,demonstrate the onset potential of 25 mV,Tafel slope of 40 mV dec^(-1),and high specific activity of 1.35 A mgPt^(-1).Importantly,the Pt SACs also exhibit long-term stability up to 110 h,which is a significant advance in the field of single-atom Pt catalysts.The newly developed coordination structure of Pt SACs features a single Pt active center,providing hydrogen binding ability comparable to that of Pt(111),enhanced long-term durability due to strong metal-support interactions,and the advantage of room-temperature fabrication.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12571388)the Visiting Scholar Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12426616)Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Grant No.NY223127).
文摘With the development of science and technology,the design and optimization of control systems are widely applied.This paper focuses on the application of matrix equations in linear time-invariant systems.Taking the inverted pendulum model as an example,the algebraic Riccati equation is used to solve the optimal control problem,and the system performance and stability are achieved by selecting the closed-loop pole and designing the gain matrix.Then,the numerical methods for solving the stochastic algebraic Riccati equations are applied to practical problems,with Newton’s iteration method as the outer iteration and the solution of the mixed-type Lyapunov equations as the inner iteration.Two methods for solving the Lyapunov equations are introduced,providing references for related research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2330208).
文摘The incorporation of graphene fillers into polymer matrices has been recognized for its potential to enhance thermal conductivity,which is particularly beneficial for applications in thermal management.The uniformity of graphene dispersion is pivotal to achieving optimal thermal conductivity,thereby directly influencing the effectiveness of thermal management,including the mitigation of local hot-spot temperatures.This research employs a quantitative approach to assess the distribution of graphene fillers within a PBX(plastic-bonded explosive)matrix,focusing specifically on the thermal management of hot spots.Through finite element method(FEM)simulations,we have explored the impact of graphene filler orientation,proximity to the central heat source,and spatial clustering on heat transfer.Our findings indicate that the strategic distribution of graphene fillers can create efficient thermal conduction channels,which significantly reduce the temperatures at local hot spots.In a model containing 0.336%graphene by volume,the central hot-spot temperature was reduced by approximately 60 K compared to a pure PBX material,under a heat flux of 600 W/m^(2).This study offers valuable insights into the optimization of the spatial arrangement of low-concentration graphene fillers,aiming to improve the thermal management capabilities of HMX-based PBX explosives.
文摘Spillover of trypanosomiasis parasites from wildlife to domestic livestock and humans remains a major challenge world over.With the disease targeted for elimination by 2030,assessing the impact of control strategies in communities where there are human-cattle-wildlife interactions is therefore essential.A compartmental framework incorporating tsetse flies,humans,cattle,wildlife and various disease control strategies is developed and analyzed.The reproduction is derived and its sensitivity to different model parameters is investigated.Meanwhile,the optimal control theory is used to identify a combination of control strategies capable of minimizing the infected human and cattle population over time at minimal costs of implementation.The results indicates that tsetse fly mortality rate is strongly and negatively correlated to the reproduction number.It is also established that tsetse fly feeding rate in strongly and positively correlated to the reproduction number.Simulation results indicates that time dependent control strategies can significantly reduce the infections.Overall,the study shows that screening and treatment of humans may not lead to disease elimination.Combining this strategy with other strategies such as screening and treatment of cattle and vector control strategies will result in maximum reduction of tsetse fly population and disease elimination.
文摘Malaysia,as one of the highest producers of palm oil globally and one of the largest exporters,has a huge potential to use palmoil waste to generate electricity since an abundance of waste is produced during the palmoil extraction process.In this paper,we have first examined and compared the use of palmoil waste as biomass for electricity generation in different countries with reference to Malaysia.Some areas with default accessibility in rural areas,like those in Sabah and Sarawak,require a cheap and reliable source of electricity.Palm oil waste possesses the potential to be the source.Therefore,this research examines the cost-effective comparison between electricity generated frompalm oil waste and standalone diesel electric generation in Marudi,Sarawak,Malaysia.This research aims to investigate the potential electricity generation using palm oil waste and the feasibility of implementing the technology in rural areas.To implement and analyze the feasibility,a case study has been carried out in a rural area in Sarawak,Malaysia.The finding shows the electricity cost calculation of small towns like Long Lama,Long Miri,and Long Atip,with ten nearby schools,and suggests that using EFB from palm oil waste is cheaper and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.The study also points out the need to conduct further research on power systems,such as energy storage andmicrogrids,to better understand the future of power systems.By collecting data through questionnaires and surveys,an analysis has been carried out to determine the approximate cost and quantity of palm oil waste to generate cheaper renewable energy.We concluded that electricity generation from palm oil waste is cost-effective and beneficial.The infrastructure can be a microgrid connected to the main grid.
